CN115133921A - Low-power-consumption high-reliability capacitive digital isolator based on multi-pulse modulation - Google Patents
Low-power-consumption high-reliability capacitive digital isolator based on multi-pulse modulation Download PDFInfo
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- CN115133921A CN115133921A CN202210828028.9A CN202210828028A CN115133921A CN 115133921 A CN115133921 A CN 115133921A CN 202210828028 A CN202210828028 A CN 202210828028A CN 115133921 A CN115133921 A CN 115133921A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K19/00—Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits
- H03K19/0175—Coupling arrangements; Interface arrangements
- H03K19/017509—Interface arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
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- H03K5/00—Manipulating of pulses not covered by one of the other main groups of this subclass
- H03K5/22—Circuits having more than one input and one output for comparing pulses or pulse trains with each other according to input signal characteristics, e.g. slope, integral
- H03K5/24—Circuits having more than one input and one output for comparing pulses or pulse trains with each other according to input signal characteristics, e.g. slope, integral the characteristic being amplitude
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-pulse modulation-based low-power-consumption high-reliability capacitive digital isolator which comprises a signal transmitting module, a signal receiving module and an isolating capacitor, wherein the signal transmitting module comprises an edge multi-pulse modulation module and a fully differential driving module, and is used for modulating a digital signal into a multi-pulse signal and transmitting the multi-pulse signal in a fully differential signal form; the signal receiving module comprises a preamplifier, a high-speed comparator, a pulse detection module and an adaptive control module, wherein the pulse detection module and the adaptive control module are communicated with each other to demodulate signals and control the working states of the adaptive control preamplifier and the high-speed comparator. The invention can greatly reduce the power consumption while ensuring the reliability of the transmission signal, save a large amount of static power consumption, prolong the standby time, improve the energy efficiency standard, greatly increase the application range of the digital isolator, save the power consumption of the digital isolator and improve the reliability of the digital isolator.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of digital isolation, and particularly relates to a low-power-consumption high-reliability capacitive digital isolator based on multi-pulse modulation.
Background
According to different isolation media, the digital isolator can be divided into an optical coupler isolator, a magnetic coupler isolator and a capacitor isolator; by SiO 2 The capacitive isolator as an isolation medium adopts a standard CMOS process and has the advantages of high transmission rate, low time delay, long service life, high voltage resistance and the like.
The digital isolator generally includes a transmitting module, i.e., a modulation module, a receiving module, i.e., a demodulation module, and an isolation capacitor module, where the transmitting end modulates a transmission signal into a signal that can pass through the isolation capacitor, the receiving end demodulates and restores the signal that passes through the isolation capacitor into a transmission signal, the isolation capacitor connects the signal transmitting module and the receiving module, and the modulation and demodulation schemes are generally divided into two schemes, i.e., pulse modulation and OOK modulation.
The isolator chip is often applied to a low-power-consumption scene, the OOK modulation and demodulation technology has high reliability and stability and strong disturbance rejection capability, but needs high static power consumption, the pulse modulation reliability is low, but the static power consumption is far lower than that of the pulse modulation scheme. Therefore, digital isolators with high reliability and low power consumption are the main direction of research.
For example, chinese patent publication No. CN112039517A provides an ultra-low power consumption capacitive digital isolator circuit based on Pulse-Coding, which also adopts a Pulse modulation scheme and cooperates with low quiescent current to implement the ultra-low power consumption digital isolator circuit, but the reliability is relatively poor. Also, for example, chinese patent publication No. CN114553209A provides a digital isolator and a digital signal transmission method, which use the same number of pulses and different interval durations to represent the rising edge or the falling edge of a signal, but do not perform low power consumption processing and have relatively general anti-interference capability.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a multi-pulse modulation-based low-power-consumption high-reliability capacitive digital isolator, which can greatly increase the application range of the digital isolator, save the power consumption of the digital isolator, and improve the reliability of the digital isolator.
A low-power-consumption high-reliability capacitive digital isolator based on multi-pulse modulation comprises a signal transmitting module and a signal receiving module, wherein the signal transmitting module and the signal receiving module are connected through an isolation capacitor;
the signal transmitting module includes:
the edge multi-pulse modulation module is used for carrying out edge sampling on the input digital signal to obtain an edge signal and then modulating the edge signal into a multi-pulse signal by adopting a delay method;
the fully differential driving module is used for converting the multi-pulse signals into fully differential signals and transmitting the fully differential signals to the signal receiving module through the isolation capacitor;
the signal receiving module includes:
the preamplifier is used for amplifying the fully differential signal attenuated by the transmission of the isolation capacitor;
the high-speed comparator is used for comparing the amplified fully differential signals and then restoring to output a multi-pulse signal;
the pulse detection module is used for detecting the pulse number of the multi-pulse signal, demodulating the multi-pulse signal into an edge signal according to the pulse number and simultaneously starting the self-adaptive control module;
and the self-adaptive control module is used for controlling the working current of the preamplifier and controlling the working current of the high-speed comparator and the size of the turnover threshold value.
Furthermore, the edge multi-pulse modulation module comprises a delay method pulse generation circuit, and when no signal is input, the circuit does not generate current loss; when a signal is input, the circuit delays and inverts the input signal and then performs AND logic with the original input signal, so that the edge signal is modulated into a pulse signal, and the operation is repeated to obtain a multi-pulse signal.
Further, the control strategy of the adaptive control module is as follows:
when no digital signal is input into the signal transmitting module, the preamplifier and the high-speed comparator are in a low working current state, and the turnover threshold of the high-speed comparator is lower; when the high-speed comparator outputs a first pulse signal and is detected by the pulse detection module, the self-adaptive control module controls the working current of the preamplifier and the high-speed comparator to increase and last for T seconds, and controls the turnover threshold of the high-speed comparator to increase and last for T seconds; when the pulse detection module detects a pulse signal within the duration, the self-adaptive control module increases the working current of the preamplifier and the high-speed comparator once and prolongs the duration for T seconds, and increases the turnover threshold of the high-speed comparator once and prolongs the duration for T seconds, wherein T is a set time length; and the self-adaptive control module controls the preamplifier and the high-speed comparator to restore to a low working current state and simultaneously restores the overturning threshold of the high-speed comparator to a lower level.
Further, the pulse detection module has a signal demodulation function, and can demodulate different numbers of pulse signals in a certain time period into a rising edge and a falling edge, and the specific demodulation strategy is as follows:
if the edge multi-pulse modulation module modulates the rising edge of the edge signal into m pulses, and modulates the falling edge into n pulses, wherein m and n are both natural numbers larger than 0;
if the number of the pulses detected by the pulse detection module is greater than or equal to (m + n)/2 within a certain time period, demodulating the pulses into a rising edge; if the number of the detected pulses is more than n- (m-n)/2 and less than (m + n)/2, demodulating to be a falling edge; if the number of detected pulses is not more than n- (m-n)/2, it is determined as interference and no demodulation signal is output.
Furthermore, an LEB front edge blanking circuit is arranged between the high-speed comparator and the pulse detection module, and is used for performing noise shaping on the multi-pulse signal output by the high-speed comparator and then providing the multi-pulse signal to the pulse detection module.
Further, the pulse detection module is realized by adopting a trigger and a counter, and the pulse detection module communicates with the self-adaptive control module through the trigger so as to control the working states of the preamplifier and the high-speed comparator, specifically: when a first pulse signal is detected, the pulse detection module controls the self-adaptive control module to start working for T seconds through the trigger, and in the working time, the counter is increased by 1 when the pulse detection module detects one pulse signal, and meanwhile, the working time of the self-adaptive control module is controlled to be prolonged by T seconds; when the pulse detection module detects the pulse number D, the counter outputs D, and controls the self-adaptive control module to work for D × T seconds, T is a set time length, and D is a natural number greater than 0; when the adaptive control module finishes working, a signal is sent out to reset the trigger, and after the trigger is reset, the counter is cleared.
Further, the self-adaptive control module comprises a capacitor charging and discharging circuit and a current control circuit, when the value of a counter in the pulse detection module is 1, 1 capacitor in the capacitor charging and discharging circuit is opened, the capacitor is charged through the current control circuit, after the charging lasts for T seconds, the capacitor charging and discharging circuit outputs a high-level reset to a trigger in the pulse detection module, and meanwhile, a timer in the pulse detection module is reset; and when the charging lasts for D times T seconds, the capacitor charging and discharging circuit outputs a high level reset to a trigger in the pulse detection module, and simultaneously, a timer in the pulse detection module is cleared.
Further, the working current of the preamplifier and the high-speed comparator and the turnover threshold of the high-speed comparator are controlled by the self-adaptive control module; when the preamplifier and the high-speed comparator are both in a low-current working state, the signal gain is lower, and meanwhile, the low turnover threshold of the high-speed comparator is matched; when the first pulse signal is detected, the preamplifier and the high-speed comparator are converted into a high-current working state, the signal gain is high, meanwhile, the interference signal is amplified to cause misjudgment, and therefore the high-speed comparator is matched with a high turnover threshold value, and misjudgment caused by the high-gain preamplifier is avoided.
The capacitive digital isolator based on multi-pulse modulation and low in power consumption and high in reliability greatly reduces the power consumption of the digital isolator, especially quiescent current, on the premise of ensuring the quality and reliability of signal transmission, and can meet the application requirements of some ultra-low power consumption products. The invention adopts an edge modulation mode, only a few pulses are generated at the edge of a signal, a long-time level signal range is formed after the pulses are finished, the signal transmitting module enters a dormant state, the preamplifier and the high-speed comparator in the signal receiving module enter a low-current working state, and the pulse detecting module and the self-adaptive control module in the signal receiving module enter the dormant state, so that the extremely low quiescent current is realized.
In the invention, the comparator sets a certain initial turning threshold value to avoid misjudgment when a fully differential level signal is transmitted; the preamplifier and the high-speed comparator in a low-current working state are matched with a lower comparator turnover threshold value, so that pulse detection loss is avoided; the preamplifier and the high-speed comparator in a high-current working state are matched with a higher comparator turnover threshold value, so that a pulse signal is compared more quickly and accurately, and meanwhile, the phenomenon that an interference signal is detected by mistake to be a pulse is avoided; and then the pulse number in a certain number range is demodulated into an edge signal, and the lower pulse number is not demodulated, so that the digital isolator with high reliability is realized.
Therefore, the invention can save power consumption for terminal products, prolong standby time, improve energy efficiency standard, greatly increase application range of the digital isolator, save power consumption of the digital isolator and improve reliability of the digital isolator.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a capacitive digital isolator according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a waveform of a key node signal in the capacitive digital isolator according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a pulse generating circuit according to the delay method of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a receiving module in the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to more specifically describe the present invention, the following detailed description is provided for the technical solution of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the capacitive digital isolator based on multi-pulse modulation according to the present invention is composed of a transmitting module 100, an isolation capacitor 110 and a receiving module 120, wherein the transmitting module 100 is composed of an edge multi-pulse modulation module 101, a delay method pulse generation module 102 and a fully differential driving module 103, and the receiving module 120 is composed of a preamplifier 121, a high-speed comparator 122, a pulse detection module 123 and an adaptive control module 124.
The edge multi-pulse modulation module 101 receives the VIN signal and detects the edge signal, and the detected edge signal is modulated into a certain number of short pulse signals by the delay method pulse generation module 102; in order to directly distinguish between a rising edge and a falling edge, the edge multi-pulse modulation module 101 modulates the rising edge into 6 short pulses and modulates the falling edge into 3 short pulses in this example; the fully differential driving module converts the single-ended multi-pulse signal into a fully differential signal and transmits the fully differential signal to the fully differential isolation capacitor 110.
The preamplifier module 121 receives the signal of the isolation capacitor 110, amplifies the fully differential signal attenuated by the isolation capacitor 110, the high-speed comparator 122 compares the fully differential signal amplified by the preamplifier 121, the pulse detection module 123 detects the pulse signal transmitted by the high-speed comparator 122, and demodulates the pulse signal into an edge signal which is transmitted as a VOUT signal; the adaptive control module 124 and the pulse detection module communicate with each other to control the operational state of the preamplifier and the high speed comparator.
As shown in fig. 2, VIN is an input square wave signal, which is subjected to edge pulse modulation by a transmitting module and then output as complementary TX _ P and TX _ N signals, which are sent to a differential double-isolation capacitor, and after passing through the isolation capacitor, the signals are greatly attenuated, as shown in RX _ P and RX _ N in fig. 2, the signals are amplified into AMP _ P and AMP _ N signals after being adjusted by a preamplifier and an adaptive control module, the differential signals are compared and restored into pulse signals after being adjusted by a high-speed comparator and the adaptive control module, and the number of Comp _ out within a certain range is detected by a pulse detecting module and restored into a square wave signal, as shown in VOUT.
The transmitting module modulates the rising edge into 6 pulses and modulates the falling edge into 3 pulses; if the receiving module detects that the number of the pulses is more than or equal to 5 within a certain time, determining that the pulses are rising; if the receiving module detects that the number of the pulses is more than 2 and less than 5 within a certain time, determining that the pulses are falling edges; if the receiving module detects that the number of the pulses is less than or equal to 2 within a certain time, the interference signal is judged to have no demodulation signal output.
The working states of the preamplifier and the high-speed comparator are controlled by the self-adaptive control module, and after the first pulse appears, the later pulse can obtain larger gain because the preamplifier and the high-speed comparator enter a high-current working mode.
As shown in fig. 3, the delay method pulse generating circuit is composed of a delay inverter 300 and a digital logic and gate 301, and can simply and reliably convert an edge signal into a pulse signal, and the multi-pulse signal generation can be realized by repeatedly using the circuit for many times. In addition, the circuit can reduce the power consumption to the maximum extent, when the edge signal is input, the delay method pulse generating circuit starts to work, and when the level signal is input, the delay method pulse generating circuit does not generate static power consumption.
Fig. 4 shows a specific implementation structure of the receiving module, wherein the preamplifier 427 receives the fully differential signal from the isolation capacitor, amplifies the fully differential signal and transmits the amplified fully differential signal to the high-speed comparator 428, and the high-speed comparator compares and restores the fully differential signal to a multi-pulse signal and transmits the multi-pulse signal to the counter 420; when the counter 420 receives a first pulse signal, the trigger 427 is triggered, and meanwhile, within a certain time range, the pulse number information detected by the counter is transmitted to the m-bit switch 422, the m-bit switch 422 is opened or closed according to the pulse number, when there is 1 pulse, a switch is opened, when there are m pulse types, the m-bit switch is opened, and thus the capacitance bit number of the access circuit is determined; the constant current source 421 is used to charge the multi-bit capacitor 423 to realize the self-adaptive timing function, when one capacitor is connected into the circuit, T time is needed to enable the output signal to be turned to high level through the inverter 425 and the inverter 426, and when m capacitors are connected into the circuit, mT time is needed to enable the output signal to be turned to high level through the inverter 425 and the inverter 426; a high level signal reset flip-flop 427 outputted from the inverter 426 turns on the switch tube 424 to change the voltage on the capacitor back to low level, and simultaneously, the reset counter; when flip-flop 427 is triggered to output a high level, preamplifier 428 and high speed comparator 429 change to a high current operating state with high speed comparator 429 flipping threshold up, and when flip-flop 427 is triggered to output a low level, preamplifier 428 and high speed comparator 429 change back to a low current operating state with high speed comparator 429 flipping threshold down.
The high speed comparator 429 sets a certain initial flipping threshold, so that the fixed output cannot cause output flipping due to tiny noise when no signal is input; the preamplifier 428 and the high-speed comparator 429 are in a low working current state, and the high-speed comparator 429 has a low turnover threshold, so that signals can be detected immediately; when the high-speed comparator 429 outputs the first pulse signal and is detected by the counter 420, the flip-flop 427 is triggered and lasts for T time, the preamplifier 428 and the high-speed comparator 429 enter a high-current working state, meanwhile, the turnover threshold of the high-speed comparator 429 is increased and lasts for T time, the pulse signal is compared more quickly and accurately, meanwhile, the phenomenon that the interference signal is detected by mistake to be a pulse is avoided, and the reliability of the isolator is improved.
The embodiments described above are presented to enable one of ordinary skill in the art to make and use the invention and are capable of modifications in various obvious respects, all without departing from the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art should make improvements and modifications to the present invention based on the disclosure of the present invention within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A low-power consumption high-reliability capacitive digital isolator based on multi-pulse modulation is characterized in that: the multi-pulse signal processing device comprises a signal transmitting module and a signal receiving module, wherein the signal transmitting module and the signal receiving module are connected through an isolation capacitor;
the signal transmitting module includes:
the edge multi-pulse modulation module is used for carrying out edge sampling on the input digital signal to obtain an edge signal and then modulating the edge signal into a multi-pulse signal by adopting a delay method;
the fully differential driving module is used for converting the multi-pulse signals into fully differential signals and transmitting the fully differential signals to the signal receiving module through the isolation capacitor;
the signal receiving module includes:
the pre-amplifier is used for amplifying the fully differential signal which is transmitted and attenuated by the isolation capacitor;
the high-speed comparator is used for comparing the amplified fully differential signals and then restoring to output a multi-pulse signal;
the pulse detection module is used for detecting the pulse number of the multi-pulse signal, demodulating the multi-pulse signal into an edge signal according to the pulse number and simultaneously starting the self-adaptive control module;
and the self-adaptive control module is used for controlling the working current of the preamplifier and controlling the working current of the high-speed comparator and the size of the turnover threshold value.
2. The low power high reliability capacitive digital isolator of claim 1, wherein: the edge multi-pulse modulation module comprises a delay method pulse generation circuit, and the circuit does not generate current loss when no signal is input; when a signal is input, the circuit delays and inverts the input signal and then performs AND logic with the original input signal, so that the edge signal is modulated into a pulse signal, and the operation is repeated to obtain a multi-pulse signal.
3. The low power high reliability capacitive digital isolator of claim 1, wherein: the control strategy of the self-adaptive control module is as follows:
when no digital signal is input into the signal transmitting module, the preamplifier and the high-speed comparator are in a low working current state, and the turnover threshold of the high-speed comparator is lower; when the high-speed comparator outputs a first pulse signal and is detected by the pulse detection module, the self-adaptive control module controls the working current of the preamplifier and the high-speed comparator to increase and then last for T seconds, and controls the turnover threshold of the high-speed comparator to increase and then last for T seconds; when the pulse detection module detects a pulse signal within the duration, the self-adaptive control module increases the working current of the preamplifier and the high-speed comparator once and prolongs the duration for T seconds, and increases the turnover threshold of the high-speed comparator once and prolongs the duration for T seconds, wherein T is a set time length; and the self-adaptive control module controls the preamplifier and the high-speed comparator to restore to a low working current state and simultaneously restores the overturning threshold of the high-speed comparator to a lower level.
4. The low power high reliability capacitive digital isolator of claim 1, wherein: the pulse detection module has a signal demodulation function, and can demodulate pulse signals with different numbers in a certain time period into a rising edge and a falling edge, and the specific demodulation strategy is as follows:
if the edge multi-pulse modulation module modulates the rising edge of the edge signal into m pulses, and modulates the falling edge into n pulses, wherein m and n are both natural numbers larger than 0;
if the number of the pulses detected by the pulse detection module is greater than or equal to (m + n)/2 within a certain time period, demodulating the pulses into a rising edge; if the detected number of pulses is more than n- (m-n)/2 and less than (m + n)/2, demodulating the pulses into falling edges; if the number of detected pulses is not more than n- (m-n)/2, it is determined as interference, and no demodulation signal is output.
5. The low power high reliability capacitive digital isolator of claim 1, wherein: an LEB front edge blanking circuit is arranged between the high-speed comparator and the pulse detection module and is used for carrying out noise shaping on the multi-pulse signal output by the high-speed comparator and then providing the multi-pulse signal to the pulse detection module.
6. The low power high reliability capacitive digital isolator of claim 1, wherein: the pulse detection module is realized by adopting a trigger and a counter, and is communicated with the self-adaptive control module through the trigger so as to control the working states of the preamplifier and the high-speed comparator, specifically: when a first pulse signal is detected, the pulse detection module controls the self-adaptive control module to start working for T seconds through the trigger, and in the working time, the counter is increased by 1 when the pulse detection module detects one pulse signal, and meanwhile, the working time of the self-adaptive control module is controlled to be prolonged by T seconds; when the pulse detection module detects the pulse number D in common, the counter outputs D, and controls the self-adaptive control module to work together for the duration of D × T seconds, wherein T is a set duration, and D is a natural number greater than 0; when the adaptive control module finishes working, a signal is sent out to reset the trigger, and after the trigger is reset, the counter is cleared.
7. The low power high reliability capacitive digital isolator of claim 6, wherein: the self-adaptive control module comprises a capacitor charging and discharging circuit and a current control circuit, when the value of a counter in the pulse detection module is 1, 1 capacitor in the capacitor charging and discharging circuit is opened, the capacitor is charged through the current control circuit, after the charging lasts for T seconds, the capacitor charging and discharging circuit outputs a high-level reset to a trigger in the pulse detection module, and meanwhile, a timer in the pulse detection module is reset; and when the charging lasts for D times T seconds, the capacitor charging and discharging circuit outputs a high level reset to a trigger in the pulse detection module, and simultaneously, a timer in the pulse detection module is cleared.
8. The low power high reliability capacitive digital isolator of claim 1, wherein: the working current of the preamplifier and the high-speed comparator and the turnover threshold of the high-speed comparator are controlled by the self-adaptive control module; when the preamplifier and the high-speed comparator are both in a low-current working state, the signal gain is lower, and meanwhile, the low turnover threshold of the high-speed comparator is matched; when the first pulse signal is detected, the preamplifier and the high-speed comparator are converted into a high-current working state, the signal gain is high, meanwhile, the interference signal is amplified to cause misjudgment, and therefore the high-speed comparator is matched with a high turnover threshold value, and misjudgment caused by the high-gain preamplifier is avoided.
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