CN115132555A - Four-gap high-power repetition frequency output cavity for extracting outer-side electrons through middle microwave - Google Patents

Four-gap high-power repetition frequency output cavity for extracting outer-side electrons through middle microwave Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN115132555A
CN115132555A CN202210785607.XA CN202210785607A CN115132555A CN 115132555 A CN115132555 A CN 115132555A CN 202210785607 A CN202210785607 A CN 202210785607A CN 115132555 A CN115132555 A CN 115132555A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
cavity
extraction
conductor
drift tube
radius
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN202210785607.XA
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN115132555B (en
Inventor
党方超
邓如金
阳福香
池航
葛行军
巨金川
张威
李嵩
贺军涛
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
National University of Defense Technology
Original Assignee
National University of Defense Technology
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by National University of Defense Technology filed Critical National University of Defense Technology
Priority to CN202210785607.XA priority Critical patent/CN115132555B/en
Publication of CN115132555A publication Critical patent/CN115132555A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN115132555B publication Critical patent/CN115132555B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
    • H01J25/02—Tubes with electron stream modulated in velocity or density in a modulator zone and thereafter giving up energy in an inducing zone, the zones being associated with one or more resonators
    • H01J25/10—Klystrons, i.e. tubes having two or more resonators, without reflection of the electron stream, and in which the stream is modulated mainly by velocity in the zone of the input resonator
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
    • H01J23/12—Vessels; Containers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/10—Nuclear fusion reactors

Landscapes

  • Microwave Tubes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a coaxial microwave output cavity in the technical field of high-power microwaves, in particular to a four-gap high-power repetition frequency output cavity for extracting electrons from the outer side of middle microwaves and collecting electrons, which comprises an outer conductor, an inner conductor, a first drift tube, a reflection cavity consisting of an outer cavity of the reflection cavity and an inner cavity of the reflection cavity, a second drift tube, an extraction cavity consisting of an outer cavity of the extraction cavity and an inner cavity of the extraction cavity, a third drift tube, a collector, a coaxial output waveguide, a first supporting rod and a second supporting rod, wherein the first drift tube is connected with the outer cavity of the extraction cavity; the whole structure is rotationally symmetrical about a central axis, the left end of the first drift tube is connected with an electron beam modulation structure of the coaxial HPM device, and the right end of the coaxial output waveguide is connected with the mode converter and the antenna. By reasonably designing the electromagnetic structure, the invention overcomes the problems of low power capacity and high possibility of ablation during repeated frequency operation, and realizes the repeated frequency operation of the HPM source.

Description

Four-gap high-power repetition frequency output cavity for extracting outer-side electrons through middle microwave
Technical Field
The invention relates to a coaxial microwave output cavity in the technical field of high-power microwaves, in particular to a four-gap high-power repetition frequency output cavity for extracting intermediate microwaves and collecting electrons at the outer side.
Background
High-Power Microwave (HPM) is generally defined as an electromagnetic wave with a Power peak value of over 100MW and a wavelength of 1mm to 1m (i.e., a frequency of 300MHz to 300 GHz). In the seventies of the last century, pulse power technology has been rapidly developed, and a strong current relativistic electron beam with hundreds of kilovolts of voltage and tens of kiloamperes of current is generated, so that the high-power pulse generation device is applied to a traditional vacuum electronic microwave device, and the generation of HPM with power exceeding hundreds of megawatts is possible. Meanwhile, with the intensive research on the disciplines of relativistic vacuum electronics, plasma physics and the like, theoretical support is provided for the generation of HPM. In the last fifty years, the HPM technology has made great progress, driven by the application of national defense and industrial sectors.
The HPM device refers to a device in the HPM system which converts the energy of a high-current relativistic electron beam into the energy of a microwave field, and is usually an electric vacuum device. A Klystron Amplifier (RKA) is one of ideal HPM devices for spatially coherent power synthesis because it has the advantages of high power, high efficiency, stable phase and amplitude, and has attracted much attention of researchers. The output cavity is an important component of the RKA, the beam-wave action generated in the output cavity directly influences the power conversion efficiency of the device, but when the frequency is increased and the power is increased, the output cavity of the RKA is easy to generate radio frequency breakdown and is not beneficial to the repeated frequency operation of the coaxial HPM device, and therefore the improvement of the power capacity of the output cavity has important practical significance.
At present, the research aspect of the output cavity of the RKA mainly comprises the following related works:
fig. 1 shows the conventional output cavity structure of RKA [ chiffon, X-band three-axis klystron amplifier research [ D ], institute of optoelectronic science and engineering, Changsha, national defense science and technology university, 2015 ]. (hereinafter referred to as prior art 1 for short, as shown in FIG. 1). The structure consists of five parts: the device comprises a reflection cavity, an extraction cavity, an electron collector, an output waveguide and an output port adjusting block, wherein the whole device is rotationally symmetrical about the center. The reflecting cavity is a generally rectangular vacuum cavity and is used for reflecting microwaves so as to isolate the output cavity from the electromagnetic structure in front of the output cavity; the extraction cavity is usually a multi-gap cascade rectangular resonant cavity, and beam wave action is generated in the cavity to generate HPM; the electron beams after the beam wave action enter an electron collector to be collected; and the resulting HPM is transported out via the output waveguide; the output port adjusting block can reflect partial microwaves and finely adjust the Q value of the output cavity, and is favorable for improving the beam acting-acting efficiency. This type of output cavity is widely used in RKA because of its higher beam conversion efficiency, but the surface field strength of the device will increase further as the output microwave power increases. Moreover, the electron beam collector is arranged on the inner conductor, cooling liquid is difficult to be introduced into the collector of the inner conductor, the collector is easy to be ablated when the device operates at a repeated frequency, harmful plasma is generated, and the harmful plasma is reversely diffused to a beam-wave action area to influence the normal work of the device.
In 2019, Zunwei of the university of defense science and technology researches a coaxial output cavity of an inner microwave extraction and outer electron collection type in doctor's paper (Zunwei X-band high-power high-efficiency relativistic triaxial klystron [ D ]. frontier interdisciplinary science and technology institute, Changsha: the university of defense science and technology, 2019). (hereinafter referred to as prior art 2 for short, as shown in FIG. 2). The structure consists of five parts: the device comprises a reflection cavity, an extraction cavity, an electron collector, an output waveguide and an output port adjusting block, wherein the whole device is rotationally symmetrical about the center. According to the scheme, on the basis of the traditional coaxial output cavity scheme, the outer side of the extraction cavity is changed into the inner side of the extraction cavity, and meanwhile, the opening of the electron collector is changed into the opening of the outer conductor, so that direct water cooling of the electron beam at high frequency is facilitated. However, the extraction cavity of the scheme only adopts two gaps, electron energy is extracted rapidly in a short distance, the power capacity is low, and when the output power of the device is increased, radio frequency breakdown is easily caused. In order to ensure a larger Q value of the extraction cavity, the slit of the output port of the device is narrower (as shown by an oval frame in FIG. 2), so that the field intensity at the position is concentrated, the power capacity is low, radio frequency breakdown is easy to occur, and the stable operation of the device is not facilitated.
It can be seen that the current RKA output cavity still faces the problems of low power capacity and high ablation probability in repeated frequency operation collection, and an output cavity with high power capacity and capable of repeated frequency operation needs to be researched to realize the repeated frequency operation of the HPM source.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the invention provides a four-gap high-power repetition frequency output cavity for extracting electrons from the outer side of middle microwave, which overcomes the problems of low power capacity and high possibility of ablation of collection during repetition frequency operation by reasonably designing an electromagnetic structure and realizes the repetition frequency operation of an HPM source.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a four-gap high-power repetition frequency output cavity for extracting outer side electrons from intermediate microwaves comprises an outer conductor 301, an inner conductor 302, a first drift tube 303, a reflection cavity consisting of a reflection cavity outer cavity 304a and a reflection cavity inner cavity 304b, a second drift tube 305, an extraction cavity consisting of an extraction cavity outer cavity 306a and an extraction cavity inner cavity 306b, a third drift tube 307, a collector 308, a coaxial output waveguide 309, a first support rod 310a and a second support rod 310 b. The entire structure is rotationally symmetric about the central axis. The left end of the first drift tube 303 is connected to the electron beam modulation structure of the coaxial HPM device and the right end of the coaxial output waveguide 309 is connected to the mode converter and the antenna.
The outer conductor 301 is a cylindrical barrel of varying diameter with various cavities on its inner surface. The inner conductor 302 is a cylinder with different radiuses, various cavities are formed in the outer surface of the inner conductor 302, the cavities in the inner surface of the outer conductor 301 correspond to the cavities in the outer surface of the inner conductor 302 one by one, and a four-gap high-power repetition frequency output cavity for extracting intermediate microwaves and collecting electrons at the outer side is formed together. The first drift tube 303 has an inner radius of R 1 And an outer radius of R 2 Length is L 1 Of annular cavity R 2 ＞R 1 ，R 1 And R 2 The difference between the two is less than one half of the working wavelength lambda and more than 8mm to avoid collision of the electron beam with the conductor wall; l is 1 It needs to be optimized according to the electron beam modulation structure of the in-line HPM device, and is generally 0.2-0.4 times of the working wavelength lambda. The external cavity 304a is an external radius R on the outer conductor 301 3 Of annular cavity R 3 ＞R 2 (ii) a Length L 2 ，L 2 Typically 0.2 to 0.6 times the operating wavelength lambda. The inner cavity 304b is an inner conductor 302 having an inner radius R corresponding to the outer cavity 304a 4 Of annular cavity R 3 ＞R 2 ＞R 1 ＞R 4 The reflective cavity outer cavity 304a and the reflective cavity inner cavity 304b together form a reflective cavity. The second drift tube 305 has an outer radius of R 5 Inner radius of R 6 Length is L 3 Of annular cavity R 5 ＝R 2 ＞R 6 ＝R 1 ；L 3 It needs to be optimized according to the electron beam modulation structure of the in-line HPM device, and is generally 0.2-0.5 times of the working wavelength lambda. The extraction cavity outer cavity 306a is a four-period annular cavity on the outer conductor 301, and the outer radius of each annular cavity is R 7 All inner radii are R 5 ，R 3 ＞R 7 (ii) a All have a length of L 4 ，L 4 Generally 0.2 to 0.5 times the operating wavelength λ; the interval between adjacent circular ring-shaped cavities is L 5 ，L 5 Typically 0.1 to 0.3 times the operating wavelength lambda. The inner cavity 306b is a circular ring-shaped cavity with a peripheral period corresponding to the outer cavity 306a of the extraction cavity on the inner conductor 302, and the inner radius of each circular ring-shaped cavity is R 8 And the outer radii are both R 6 ，R 8 ＞R 4 . The third drift tube 307 is composed of two circular cavities with right-angled triangle and rectangle cross sections, and the vertex radius of the right-angled triangle is equal to R 8 The radius of the bottom side is R 9 ，R 9 ＞R 8 (ii) a Length of bottom side L 6 ，L 6 Typically less than 0.2 times the operating wavelength λ; the inner and outer radii of the rectangle are R respectively 9 、R 10 ，R 10 ＝R 5 ，R 9 ＞R 8 (ii) a Is long asL 7 +L 8 ，L 7 +L 8 Typically 0.6 to 1.5 times the operating wavelength lambda. The collector 308 is a circular cavity with a parallelogram cross section dug on the outer conductor 301, the lower bottom edge of the cavity is flush with the upper bottom edge of the rectangular cross section of the third drift tube 307, and the radius of the upper bottom edge is R 11 ，R 11 ＞R 7 (ii) a Length of bottom edge L 8 Bottom margin extraction cavity outer cavity 306a last gap length L 7 The last gap length L between the upper and lower base edges and the outer cavity 306a of the extraction cavity 9 ，L 7 Generally 0.2-0.8 times the working wavelength, L 8 Typically 0.4-1 times the operating wavelength, L 9 Typically 0.8 to 1.6 times the operating wavelength. The coaxial output waveguide 309 is a circular ring shaped cavity between the outer conductor 301 and the inner conductor 302 with an outer radius R 12 Inner radius of R 9 Length is L 10 ，R 11 ＞R 12 ，R 12 And R 9 Is greater than one quarter of the operating wavelength lambda; l is 10 Typically 2-3 times the operating wavelength. The distance between the first support rod 310a and the third drift tube 307 is L 11 The distance between the second support bar 310b and the first support bar 310a is L 12 ，L 11 Typically 1.5-2 times the operating wavelength λ, L 12 Typically 0.2 to 0.6 times the operating wavelength lambda.
The working process of the invention is as follows: the clustered electron beams excite a radio frequency electric field in the four-gap extraction cavity, the electric field decelerates the electron beams, the kinetic energy of the electrons is converted into electromagnetic energy of microwaves, and the generated HPM radiates outwards from the coaxial output waveguide 309 through the third drift tube 307; the reflection cavity has a good reflection effect on the generated HPM, and can effectively isolate the output cavity of the coaxial HPM device from the modulation cavity; the transduced electron beam enters the collector 308 through the third drift tube 307 and bombards the outer conductor.
Compared with the prior art, the invention can achieve the following technical effects:
1. according to the four-gap high-power repetition frequency output cavity for extracting the outer-side electrons by the intermediate microwaves and collecting the outer-side electrons, the collector 308 is arranged on the outer conductor 301, electron beams can directly bombard the outer conductor, and external cooling liquid is directly introduced to the position where the electron beams bombard the collector, so that the collector is physically cooled, the phenomenon that the collector is ablated to generate harmful plasma when a device runs for a long time is avoided, and the repetition frequency operation of an HPM device is facilitated.
2. The four-gap high-power repetition frequency output cavity for extracting the electrons at the outer side of the middle microwave provided by the invention outputs the microwaves at the middle position of the extraction cavity, removes the slits of the traditional output cavity, increases the radial width of the output port, is beneficial to improving the power capacity of the output port and realizes the microwave output with higher power.
3. The four-gap high-power repetition frequency output cavity for extracting the electrons collected at the outer side by the middle microwave adopts the four-gap extraction cavity, extracts the energy of an electron beam step by increasing the number of gaps, homogenizes a decelerating electric field, reduces the surface field intensity of the position of the extraction cavity, improves the power capacity of the extraction cavity, and is beneficial to realizing the microwave output of a high power level by an HPM device.
The foregoing and other aspects of the invention will be apparent from the following description of various embodiments, particularly pointed out in connection with a four-gap high power re-frequency output cavity with intermediate microwave extraction outer electron collection in accordance with the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional output chamber disclosed in prior art 1 of the background;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an inside microwave extraction outside electron collection type coaxial output cavity disclosed in prior art 3 of the background introduction;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view A-A of a preferred embodiment of a four-gap high power re-frequency output cavity for intermediate microwave extraction outer side electron collection provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional perspective view A-A of a preferred embodiment of a four-gap high power repetition frequency output cavity with intermediate microwave extraction and outer electron collection provided by the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a Q-value versus plot of the improved front and back extraction cavities of a preferred embodiment of a four-gap high power repetition frequency output cavity for intermediate microwave extraction outer side electron collection provided by the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph of the relationship between radial width and power capacity of a coaxial output port of a preferred embodiment of a four-gap high power repetition frequency output cavity with intermediate microwave extraction and outer electron collection provided by the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph comparing the energy extraction of electron beams in a dual gap and a four gap preferred embodiment of a four gap high power repetition frequency output cavity for intermediate microwave extraction outer side electron collection provided by the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a comparison graph of the deceleration field strength of the dual-gap and four-gap extraction cavities of the preferred embodiment of the four-gap high power repetition frequency output cavity for intermediate microwave extraction and outer electron collection provided by the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a graph of the output microwave power for a preferred embodiment of a four-gap high power re-frequency output cavity with intermediate microwave extraction and outer electron collection as applied to an X-band RKA output cavity, in accordance with the present invention.
Detailed Description
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a four-gap high-power repetition frequency output cavity for extracting electrons from the outer side of the microwave extraction in the middle of the invention, which is applied to an X-band RKA, and fig. 5 is a perspective view of the embodiment.
The invention comprises the following steps: an outer conductor 301, an inner conductor 302, a first drift tube 303, a reflective cavity outer cavity 304a, a reflective cavity inner cavity 304b, a second drift tube 305, an extraction cavity outer cavity 306a, an extraction cavity inner cavity 306b, a third drift tube 307, a collector 308, a coaxial output waveguide 309, a first support rod 310a, a second support rod 310 b. The entire structure is rotationally symmetric about the central axis. The outer conductor 301 and the inner conductor 302 are metal conductors. The first drift tube 303, the reflective cavity outer cavity 304a, the reflective cavity inner cavity 304b, the second drift tube 305, the extraction cavity outer cavity 306a, the extraction cavity inner cavity 306b, the third drift tube 307, the collector 308, and the coaxial output waveguide 309 are vacuum cavities between the outer conductor 301 and the inner conductor 302. The first support bar 310a and the second support bar 310b connect the outer conductor 301 and the inner conductor 302. The left end of the first drift tube is connected with the modulation structure of the RKA, and the right end of the coaxial output waveguide is connected with the mode converter and the radiation antenna.
The outer conductor 301, the inner conductor 302, the first support bar 310a, and the second support bar 310b are typically made of non-magnetic stainless steel, oxygen-free copper, or titanium.
When the invention is operated, the clustered electron beams excite a radio frequency electric field in the extraction cavity, the electric field can decelerate the electron beams, the kinetic energy of the electrons is converted into electromagnetic energy of microwaves, and the generated HPM radiates outwards from the coaxial output waveguide 309 through the third drift tube 307; the reflection cavity has a good reflection effect on the generated HPM, and the output cavity of the coaxial HPM device and the modulation cavity are effectively isolated; the converted electron beam enters the collector 308 through the third drift tube 307 and finally bombards the outer conductor.
This embodiment implements a four-gap high power re-frequency output cavity (correspondingly dimensioned: R) for intermediate microwave extraction outer electron collection for X-band RKA (center frequency 8.4GHz, corresponding microwave wavelength λ ═ 3.57cm) 1 ＝75mm，R 2 ＝85mm，R 3 ＝97mm，R 4 ＝62mm，R 5 ＝85mm，R 6 ＝75mm，R 7 ＝92mm，R 8 ＝69mm，R 9 ＝74mm，R 10 ＝85mm，R 11 ＝98mm，R 12 ＝81mm，L 1 ＝13mm，L 2 ＝19.5mm，L 3 ＝15mm，L 4 ＝12mm，L 5 ＝4mm，L 6 ＝4.5mm，L 7 ＝18mm，L 8 ＝24mm，L 9 ＝46mm，L 10 ＝72mm，L 11 ＝60mm，L 12 7mm) the input voltage current of RKA was 800kV and 16kA, respectively.
According to the invention, the four-gap high-power repetition frequency output cavity for extracting the outside electrons by using the intermediate microwave and collecting the outside electrons collects the electrons at the outside, namely, the collector is arranged on the outer conductor, so that the electron beams bombard the collector on the outer conductor under the constraint of a guide magnetic field, and the external cooling liquid can be directly introduced to the electron beam bombardment position to physically cool the collector, thereby effectively solving the problem of collector ablation when the device runs for a long time, inhibiting the generation of harmful plasma, and being beneficial to the long-time repetition frequency operation of the device.
Fig. 5 compares the resonance characteristics of the extraction cavity extracted by the inner microwave extraction of the technique 2 and the intermediate microwave extraction of the present invention, and it can be known that the wide output port extracted by the intermediate microwave does not substantially change the parameters such as the resonance frequency and the Q value of the extraction cavity, and the microwave extraction capability of the extraction cavity is effectively ensured to be unchanged.
Fig. 6 shows power capacities of different output port widths, and it can be seen that the power capacity of the microwave output device can be effectively improved by adopting intermediate microwave extraction and increasing the output port width, and microwave output with higher power level is realized.
Fig. 7 compares the extraction conditions of the two-gap and four-gap extraction cavities for the electron beam energy after the device works stably, and it can be known that the four-gap extraction cavity extracts the electron beam energy for multiple times, which is beneficial to the homogenization of the decelerating electric field (i.e. the decelerating electric field of each gap is weaker, the energy of the extracted electron beam is less, but the energy extracted by the four gaps is more in total), and finally the power of the electron beam is reduced by 5.1GW in the four-gap extraction cavity, and reduced by 4.6GW in the two-gap extraction cavity, which indicates that the power capacity of the four-gap extraction cavity is higher.
Fig. 8 compares the decelerating electric fields of the two-gap extracting cavity and the four-gap extracting cavity after the device works stably, and it can be known that the decelerating field intensity is smaller when the four-gap extracting cavity outputs higher power microwaves, which further illustrates that the four-gap extracting cavity has higher power capacity and can realize higher power level microwave output.
Fig. 9 is a graph of the output microwave power of the output cavity applied to the X-band RKA, which shows that the output cavity can output X-band 5.1GW microwaves, the conversion efficiency is about 40%, and the microwave output of the HPM device with higher power can be realized.
Of course, in the preferred embodiment, other connection manners may be adopted between the components, and the device structure may also be processed by using other materials, which are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any technical solutions that fall under the spirit of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
It will be clear to a person skilled in the art that the scope of the present invention is not limited to the examples discussed in the foregoing, but that several amendments and modifications thereof are possible without deviating from the scope of the present invention as defined in the attached claims. While the invention has been illustrated and described in detail in the drawings and the description, such illustration and description are to be considered illustrative or exemplary and not restrictive. The invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments.
Variations to the disclosed embodiments can be understood and effected by those skilled in the art in practicing the claimed invention, from a study of the drawings, the disclosure, and the appended claims. In the claims, the term "comprising" does not exclude other steps or elements. The mere fact that certain measures are recited in mutually different dependent claims does not indicate that a combination of these measures cannot be used to advantage. Any reference signs in the claims shall not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

Claims (3)

1. A middle microwave extraction outer electron collection four-gap high-power repetition frequency output cavity is characterized in that: the device comprises an outer conductor (301), an inner conductor (302), a first drift tube (303), a reflection cavity consisting of a reflection cavity outer cavity (304a) and a reflection cavity inner cavity (304b), a second drift tube (305), an extraction cavity consisting of an extraction cavity outer cavity (306a) and an extraction cavity inner cavity (306b), a third drift tube (307), a collector (308), a coaxial output waveguide (309), a first support rod (310a) and a second support rod (310 b); the whole structure is rotationally symmetrical about a central axis, the left end of the first drift tube (303) is connected with an electron beam modulation structure of a coaxial HPM device, and the right end of the coaxial output waveguide (309) is connected with a mode converter and an antenna;
the outer conductor (301) is a cylindrical cylinder with different radiuses, and various cavities are formed in the inner surface of the outer conductor; the inner conductor (302) is a cylinder with different radiuses, various cavities are formed in the outer surface of the inner conductor (302), the cavities in the inner surface of the outer conductor (301) correspond to the cavities in the outer surface of the inner conductor (302) one by one, and a four-gap high-power repetition frequency output cavity for extracting electrons outside the middle microwave is formed together; the first drift tube (303) has an inner radius of R 1 And an outer radius of R 2 Length is L 1 Of annular cavity R 2 ＞R 1 ，R 1 And R 2 The difference between them is less than one half of the operating wavelength lambda and greater than 8mm to avoid collision of the electron beam with the conductor wall, L 1 Root of needThe optimization is carried out according to the electron beam modulation structure of the coaxial HPM device, and the wavelength is generally 0.2-0.4 times of the working wavelength lambda; the external cavity (304a) of the reflection cavity is an external radius R on the external conductor (301) 3 Annular cavity of R 3 ＞R 2 (ii) a Length L 2 ，L 2 Is generally 0.2-0.6 times of the working wavelength lambda, and the inner cavity (304b) of the reflection cavity is an inner radius R corresponding to the outer cavity (304a) of the reflection cavity on the inner conductor (302) 4 Annular cavity of R 3 ＞R 2 ＞R 1 ＞R 4 The outer cavity (304a) of the reflection cavity and the inner cavity (304b) of the reflection cavity jointly form a reflection cavity; the second drift tube (305) has an outer radius R 5 Inner radius of R 6 Length is L 3 Of annular cavity R 5 ＝R 2 ＞R 6 ＝R 1 ，L 3 Needs to be optimized according to the electron beam modulation structure of the coaxial HPM device, and is generally 0.2-0.5 times of the working wavelength lambda; the external extraction cavity (306a) is a four-period annular cavity on the outer conductor (301), and the outer radius of each annular cavity is R 7 All inner radii are R 5 ，R 3 ＞R 7 (ii) a All have a length of L 4 ，L 4 Generally 0.2 to 0.5 times the operating wavelength λ; the interval between adjacent circular ring-shaped cavities is L 5 ，L 5 Is generally 0.1-0.3 times of the working wavelength lambda, the inner cavity (306b) of the extraction cavity is a circular ring cavity with the peripheral period corresponding to the outer cavity (306a) of the extraction cavity on the inner conductor (302), and the radius of the inner cavity of each circular ring cavity is R 8 And the outer radii are both R 6 ，R 8 ＞R 4 (ii) a The third drift tube (307) is composed of two circular cavities with right-angled triangles and rectangular cross sections, and the radius of the vertex of the right-angled triangle is equal to R 8 The radius of the bottom side is R 9 ，R 9 ＞R 8 (ii) a Length of bottom side L 6 ，L 6 Typically less than 0.2 times the operating wavelength λ; the inner and outer radii of the rectangle are R respectively 9 、R 10 ，R 10 ＝R 5 ，R 9 ＞R 8 (ii) a Length of L 7 +L 8 ，L 7 +L 8 Typically 0.6 to 1.5 times the operating wavelength λ; the collector (308) is a cross section cut out of the outer conductor (301)The surface of the annular cavity is a parallelogram, the lower bottom edge of the annular cavity is flush with the upper bottom edge of the rectangular section of the third drift tube (307), and the radius of the upper bottom edge is R 11 ，R 11 ＞R 7 (ii) a Length of bottom edge L 8 Bottom margin extraction cavity outer cavity 306a last gap length L 7 The distance between the top and bottom edges and the last gap of the outer cavity 306a 9 ，L 7 Generally 0.2-0.8 times the working wavelength, L 8 Typically 0.4-1 times the operating wavelength, L 9 Generally 0.8-1.6 times the operating wavelength; the coaxial output waveguide (309) is a circular ring-shaped cavity between the outer conductor (301) and the inner conductor (302), and the outer radius is R 12 Inner radius of R 9 Length is L 10 ，R 11 ＞R 12 ，R 12 And R 9 Is greater than one quarter of the operating wavelength lambda; l is 10 Typically 2-3 times the operating wavelength; the distance between the first support rod (310a) and the third drift tube (307) is L 11 The distance between the second supporting rod (310b) and the first supporting rod (310a) is L 12 ，L 11 Typically 1.5-2 times the operating wavelength λ, L 12 Typically 0.2 to 0.6 times the operating wavelength lambda.
2. A four-gap high power re-frequency output cavity for intermediate microwave extraction outer electron collection according to claim 1, wherein: the outer conductor (301), the inner conductor (302), the first supporting rod (310a) and the second supporting rod (310b) are made of nonmagnetic stainless steel, oxygen-free copper or titanium and the like.
3. A four-gap high power re-frequency output cavity for intermediate microwave extraction outer electron collection according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the center frequency is 8.4GHz, and the corresponding size of a four-gap high-power repetition frequency output cavity corresponding to the microwave wavelength lambda being 3.57cm is designed as follows: r 1 ＝75mm，R 2 ＝85mm，R 3 ＝97mm，R 4 ＝62mm，R 5 ＝85mm，R 6 ＝75mm，R 7 ＝92mm，R 8 ＝69mm，R 9 ＝74mm，R 10 ＝85mm，R 11 ＝98mm，R 12 ＝81mm，L 1 ＝13mm，L 2 ＝19.5mm，L 3 ＝15mm，L 4 ＝12mm，L 5 ＝4mm，L 6 ＝4.5mm，L 7 ＝18mm，L 8 ＝24mm，L 9 ＝46mm，L 10 ＝72mm，L 11 ＝60mm，L 12 ＝7mm。
CN202210785607.XA 2022-07-04 2022-07-04 Four-gap high-power repetition frequency output cavity for extracting middle microwave and collecting outer electrons Active CN115132555B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210785607.XA CN115132555B (en) 2022-07-04 2022-07-04 Four-gap high-power repetition frequency output cavity for extracting middle microwave and collecting outer electrons

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210785607.XA CN115132555B (en) 2022-07-04 2022-07-04 Four-gap high-power repetition frequency output cavity for extracting middle microwave and collecting outer electrons

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN115132555A true CN115132555A (en) 2022-09-30
CN115132555B CN115132555B (en) 2023-04-04

Family

ID=83381998

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202210785607.XA Active CN115132555B (en) 2022-07-04 2022-07-04 Four-gap high-power repetition frequency output cavity for extracting middle microwave and collecting outer electrons

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN115132555B (en)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111081507A (en) * 2020-01-08 2020-04-28 深圳市思博克科技有限公司 High-efficiency low-magnetic-field high-power microwave device for forced parking of vehicles and ships
CN112885680A (en) * 2021-01-27 2021-06-01 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 Coaxial output cavity of inboard microwave extraction outside electron collection type high order mode

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112769024B (en) * 2021-01-27 2021-11-19 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 C-band relativistic Cerenkov oscillator with coaxial collector

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111081507A (en) * 2020-01-08 2020-04-28 深圳市思博克科技有限公司 High-efficiency low-magnetic-field high-power microwave device for forced parking of vehicles and ships
CN112885680A (en) * 2021-01-27 2021-06-01 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 Coaxial output cavity of inboard microwave extraction outside electron collection type high order mode

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN115132555B (en) 2023-04-04

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN109599316B (en) X-waveband high-gain high-efficiency triaxial relativistic klystron amplifier
CN109192640A (en) X, Ka-waveband-crossing frequency-adjustable relativistic backward wave oscillator
CN112885681B (en) Relativistic magnetron with double-end emission cathode structure
CN112885680B (en) Coaxial output cavity of inboard microwave extraction outside electron collection type high order mode
US20090261925A1 (en) Slow wave structures and electron sheet beam-based amplifiers including same
EP0934599A1 (en) Multi-stage depressed collector for small orbit gyrotrons
CN115295380B (en) Four-stage modulation high-efficiency compact coaxial relativistic klystron amplifier
US4096409A (en) Multistage depressed collector
CN111584330B (en) Cerenkov microwave generator with frequency converted in C, X wave band
CN105261541A (en) High power radial line relativistic klystron amplifier
CN115132555B (en) Four-gap high-power repetition frequency output cavity for extracting middle microwave and collecting outer electrons
CN115064429B (en) Coaxial relativistic klystron oscillator with two-stage modulation
CN114883162B (en) L-band high-power long-pulse RBWO based on large-radius annular electron beam
CN116453920A (en) K-band transit time oscillator based on two-stage modulation and distributed extraction
CN115241719A (en) Cross-four-band relativity Cerenkov oscillator based on magnetic field tuning
EP0975002B1 (en) Transverse field collector
CN115148566B (en) Phase-locked weak magnetic field coaxial transition radiation oscillator with injection cavity
Gong et al. A high order mode sheet-beam extended interaction oscillator at Ka-band
CA1222563A (en) Emitron: microwave diode
Fan et al. Theoretical and experimental researches on C-band three-cavity transit-time effect oscillator
Liu et al. A Compact High-Gain Ku-Band Multibeam Relativistic Klystron Amplifier With Low Guiding Magnetic Field
CN114783848B (en) Axial cascade relativistic magnetron based on ridge waveguide coupling structure frequency locking and phase locking
RU2337426C1 (en) Relativistic magnetron with external channels of resonators communication
RU2388101C1 (en) Relativistic magnetron with resonator waveguide channels
Konrad High efficiency, CW, high power klystrons for storage ring applications

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant