CN115125588B - Electrolytic oxide reduction system - Google Patents
Electrolytic oxide reduction system Download PDFInfo
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- CN115125588B CN115125588B CN202210688912.7A CN202210688912A CN115125588B CN 115125588 B CN115125588 B CN 115125588B CN 202210688912 A CN202210688912 A CN 202210688912A CN 115125588 B CN115125588 B CN 115125588B
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- bottom plate
- false bottom
- shell
- filter screen
- fixedly connected
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- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 abstract description 41
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 39
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 abstract description 32
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 31
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 29
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 29
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 23
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 37
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 31
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 31
- 229960004643 cupric oxide Drugs 0.000 description 30
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 22
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 15
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PTVDYARBVCBHSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Cu] PTVDYARBVCBHSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 4
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001431 copper ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000366 copper(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N heavy water Substances [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C7/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells; Servicing or operating of cells
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C1/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions
- C25C1/12—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions of copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C7/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells; Servicing or operating of cells
- C25C7/06—Operating or servicing
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of oxide electrolysis, in particular to an electrolytic oxide reduction system, which comprises an electrolysis unit, a material conveying unit and a material discharging unit, wherein the electrolysis unit comprises a shell, a material conveying port, a direct-current power supply, a telescopic rod and a false bottom plate; according to the invention, the ejector rod, the roller, the filter screen, the false bottom plate, the spray holes, the reset spring and the mounting groove are arranged, the ejector rod drives the two ends of the false bottom plate to upwards extrude the reset spring in the mounting groove through the roller, when the bottom of the false bottom plate is not extruded, the reset spring drives the false bottom plate to restore to the original position, and along with the up-and-down vibration of the false bottom plate, electrolyte between the bottom in the shell and the false bottom plate is flushed to the filter screen through the spray holes and impacts the sediment on the upper surface of the false bottom plate, so that the sediment on the surface of the filter screen is cleaned, and meanwhile, the sediment accumulated on the upper surface of the false bottom plate is flushed into the electrolyte on the upper part, so that copper oxide in the sediment fully reacts with sulfuric acid, and the efficiency of the full reaction of copper oxide is further enhanced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oxide electrolysis, and particularly relates to an electrolytic oxide reduction system.
Background
Electrolysis is a process in which an electric current is passed through an electrolyte solution or a molten electrolyte to cause oxidation-reduction reactions at a cathode and an anode, and an electrochemical cell can undergo an electrolysis process when a direct current voltage is applied;
For example, electrolytic copper, using blister copper as an anode and pure copper as a cathode, and using a mixed solution of sulfuric acid and copper sulfate as an electrolyte; after the power is on, copper is dissolved into copper ions from the anode and moves to the cathode, electrons are obtained after the copper reaches the cathode, and pure copper is separated out from the cathode; the impurities in the anode blister copper, wherein iron, zinc and the like which are more active than copper are dissolved into ions along with copper, and gold, silver and the like which are more inactive than copper are precipitated at the bottom of the electrolytic tank; following the reaction of the electrolysis process, under the conditions of electrolysis: 2 CuSO4+2H2O=2Cu+O2 ++2H2SO4, water and copper sulfate in the electrolytic tank are continuously consumed, SO that the power consumption is increased and the speed is reduced in the copper electrolysis process; however, according to the reaction formula of cuo+h2so4=cuso4+h2o, copper oxide is added into the electrolytic tank, SO that the copper oxide consumes sulfuric acid and simultaneously generates copper sulfate and water, and the electrolyte is restored to the original state; meanwhile, when the bottom sediment of the electrolytic tank is excessive, the electrolytic reaction rate can be influenced, and gold and silver in anode mud also belong to precious materials, so that the bottom sediment of the electrolytic tank needs to be treated.
Currently, most manufacturers are facing the bottom sediment of the electrolytic tank to essentially directly remove the sediment, and the fact that unreacted complete substances may exist in the sediment is not considered, for example, in the oxidation-reduction process of electrolytic copper, copper oxide can be added into the electrolytic tank to react in order to restore the copper sulfate solution in the electrolyte to the original state, but a part of copper oxide fails to completely react with sulfuric acid in the electrolytic tank, and is directly deposited at the bottom of the electrolytic tank, and when the bottom of the electrolytic tank is cleaned, the copper oxide is possibly treated together with the sediment at the bottom of the electrolytic tank, so that the resource is wasted.
In view of this, the present invention proposes an electrolytic oxide reduction system that solves the above-mentioned problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up the deficiency of the prior art, solve the existing electrolytic oxide reduction system, in the course of electrolyzing copper, a part of cupric oxide fails to react with electrolyte in the electrolytic bath completely, cupric oxide will precipitate in the bottom of electrolytic bath, make cupric oxide possibly treated with the tank bottom precipitate, cause the problem of wasting of resources.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: the invention relates to an electrolytic oxide reduction system, which comprises an electrolysis unit, a material conveying unit and a material discharging unit, wherein the electrolysis unit comprises a shell, a material conveying port, a direct-current power supply, a telescopic rod and a false bottom plate; the upper end of the shell is provided with a top cover, the direct current power supply is fixedly connected to the middle part of the upper surface of the top cover, and the material conveying opening is formed in the middle part of the upper end of the top cover;
Connecting wires are fixedly connected to the surfaces of two ends of the direct current power supply, one end, far away from the direct current power supply, of the connecting wire on the left side extends into the shell and is fixedly connected with an anode plate, and the end, far away from the direct current power supply, of the connecting wire on the right side extends into the shell and is fixedly connected with a cathode plate;
The two ends of the false bottom plate are embedded into the mounting groove and are movably connected with the inner surface of the mounting groove through a reset spring;
the telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the outer side of the bottom of the shell, and the end part of the ejector rod on the telescopic rod stretches into the shell and contacts with the lower surface of the false bottom plate;
During operation, electrolyte configured by sulfuric acid and copper sulfate mixed solution is transported to the inside of the shell by the material conveying unit, then the top cover is combined with the bottom of the shell, the top cover drives the anode plate and the cathode plate to be inserted into the electrolyte in the shell through the direct current power supply device, the anode plate and the cathode plate are connected with two sides of the direct current power supply device through connecting wires, the anode plate is made of thick plate made of blister copper, the cathode plate is made of thin plate made of pure copper, the controller controls the direct current power supply device to start, after the power is on, copper is dissolved into copper ions from the anode to move to the cathode, electrons are obtained after reaching the cathode, and pure copper is separated out from the cathode, and the anode: cu-2e- =cu2+, cathode: cu2++ 2e=cu; the impurities in the anode blister copper, wherein iron, zinc and the like which are more noble than copper are dissolved into ions along with copper, and gold, silver and the like which are more inactive than copper are precipitated on the upper surface of the false bottom plate; under the electrolytic state, according to the reaction formula 2CuSO4+2H2O=2Cu+O2 ++2H2SO4 and CuO+H2SO4=CuSO4+H2O, the fact that copper sulfate and water in electrolyte in a shell are continuously consumed is known, and the reduction of the copper sulfate and the water possibly causes the increase of power consumption and the slow speed in the copper electrolysis process, and copper oxide is added into the electrolyte, SO that the copper oxide consumes sulfuric acid and generates copper sulfate and water at the same time, and the electrolyte is restored to the original state; therefore, copper oxide is added into the shell through the material conveying opening, along with the continuous reaction of copper oxide in the electrolyte, a part of copper oxide possibly fails to completely react and precipitate on the upper surface of the false bottom plate, the two ends of the false bottom plate are movably connected in the mounting groove, the two end surfaces of the false bottom plate are connected with the inner wall of the mounting groove through the reset spring, the controller intermittently starts the motor, and the motor drives the false bottom plate to shake up and down in the shell through the telescopic rod, so that the copper oxide which is not completely reacted on the surface of the false bottom plate returns to the electrolyte again, the efficiency of the full reaction of copper oxide and sulfuric acid is further improved, meanwhile, the false bottom plate can prevent precipitation and unreacted copper oxide from falling to the bottom of the shell, and the precipitation can be removed through replacing the false bottom plate, so that the subsequent generation of damage to the bottom surface of the shell during the cleaning precipitation is prevented, and finally the removed precipitation is transported to the next step through the discharging unit.
Preferably, the surface of the false bottom plate is uniformly provided with spray holes, the spray holes are conical, the small ends of the spray holes are positioned on the upper surface of the false bottom plate, and a filter screen is arranged at the position, above the spray holes, on the false bottom plate;
During operation, along with the vertical vibration of false bottom plate, make the electrolyte that is located in the shell bottom and between the false bottom plate wash out from the orifice, the shape of orifice is the toper, and orifice tip is located the false bottom plate upper surface, thereby make the electrolyte spray to the filter screen more rapidly through the orifice, clear up the precipitate on the filter screen surface, prevent the filter aperture on the filter screen of precipitate jam, thereby further guaranteed the effect of copper oxide and the abundant reaction of sulphuric acid in the shell inside, the filter screen prevents to deposit impurity entering false bottom plate below simultaneously, be unfavorable for later stage staff to clear up the precipitate impurity in shell bottom.
Preferably, the filter screen is in an inverted cone shape, and one end of the filter screen, which is far away from the false bottom plate, is fixedly connected with an arc plate;
When the electrolytic solution filter works, the bottoms of the two ends of the arc-shaped plate are connected with the upper ends of the filter screens on the two sides to form a semi-closed space, and compared with the filter screens which are transversely arranged, the inverted cone-shaped filter screens are more beneficial to preventing falling sediment from blocking the filter holes of the filter screens, so that the electrolytic solution is prevented from influencing the electrolytic solution to pass through the filter screens to the space between the bottom in the shell and the false bottom plate; when the sediment falls on the arc surface, along with the upward and downward vibration of the false bottom plate, the sediment on the arc surface slides down rapidly under the impact of electrolyte, and the curved outer surface is favorable to preventing sediment accumulation, thereby further preventing the sediment from sticking on the false bottom plate surface.
Preferably, an elastic filter screen is fixedly connected to the part, close to the inner wall of the shell, of the upper surface of the false bottom plate, and one end, far away from the false bottom plate, of the elastic filter screen is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell;
During operation, along with the vertical vibration of false bottom plate, the sediment in the electrolyte is probably moved to between bottom and the false bottom plate in the shell through the mounting groove under the drive of liquid velocity of flow, consequently avoid depositing to move to the mounting groove through the setting of elastic filter screen, also prevent simultaneously that the sediment card from between reset spring, avoid influencing the vertical vibration of false bottom plate, and elastic filter screen is along with the vertical vibration of false bottom plate and clear up the surface voluntarily, also prevent simultaneously that the sediment from dropping to the shell bottom through the mounting groove.
Preferably, the width of the false bottom plate is smaller than the interval between the opposite side walls of the mounting grooves at the two sides;
During operation, the upper and lower surfaces of the false bottom plate are fixedly connected with the reset spring, the vertical vibration amplitude of the false bottom plate is enhanced, the side surface of the false bottom plate is fixedly connected with the reset spring, the horizontal vibration amplitude of the false bottom plate is enhanced, meanwhile, the width of the false bottom plate is smaller than the width of the inner wall of the mounting groove, the vibration amplitude of the false bottom plate in the mounting groove is increased, and the sediment is not easy to accumulate on the surface of the false bottom plate along with the increase of the vertical vibration amplitude of the false bottom plate, so that the accumulation effect of the sediment on the upper surface of the false bottom plate is further avoided.
Preferably, the upper part of the ejector rod is rotatably connected with a roller, and the telescopic rod is obliquely arranged at the bottom of the shell;
Preferably, the surface of the roller is uniformly and fixedly connected with a blocking block, and the blocking block and the bottom of the false bottom plate are matched in the shell;
During operation, the ejector rod extrudes the bottom of the false bottom plate through the roller, so that the false bottom plate moves upwards in the mounting groove, when the false bottom plate loses the extrusion of the ejector rod, the false bottom plate is restored to the original position in the mounting groove under the action of the reset spring, therefore, the ejector rod drives the vertical vibration amplitude of the false bottom plate through the roller, the telescopic rod which is obliquely arranged simultaneously also strengthens the left and right vibration amplitude of the false bottom plate, the blocking block part is arranged on the surface of the roller and is not in repeated contact with the bottom of the false bottom plate respectively, and the blocking blocks uniformly arranged on the surface of the roller quicken the frequency of the vibration amplitude of the false bottom plate, so that the effect of preventing sediment from solidifying on the surface of the false bottom plate is further ensured.
Preferably, the elastic filter screen and the reset spring are made of corrosion-resistant and high-temperature-resistant materials, and the false bottom plate and the inner wall of the shell are made of the same materials;
During operation, through adopting corrosion-resistant, high temperature resistant material, prevent that elasticity filter screen, reset spring and false bottom plate from taking place the reaction with electrolyte or electrolytic reaction's material production in the shell, guaranteed electrolytic copper's reaction process on the one hand, on the other hand reduce elasticity filter screen, reset spring and false bottom plate surface corrosion damage to electrolytic copper's work efficiency has further been guaranteed.
Preferably, the bottom of the shell is provided with an air pipe, the left side of the air pipe penetrates through the bottom of the shell and is connected with the nitrogen providing device, the upper part of the air pipe is uniformly provided with nozzles, and the nozzles correspond to spray holes on the surface of the false floor;
When the false bottom plate moves downwards in the shell, the false bottom plate can carry electrolyte to generate a backflow phenomenon, and the backflow electrolyte can enable sediment to be accumulated on the upper surface of the false bottom plate again, so that nitrogen is introduced into the air pipe, a nozzle on the upper surface of the air pipe is positioned at the right lower end of the spray hole, the nitrogen is sprayed to the spray hole through the nozzle on the air pipe, and the nitrogen is flushed to the upper surface of the false bottom plate through the spray hole, so that the backflow phenomenon caused by downwards moving of the false bottom plate is eliminated by the nitrogen, and the reaction efficiency of copper oxide and sulfuric acid in sediment is further accelerated.
Preferably, the joint of the connecting wire and the top cover is provided with a sealing sleeve for connection;
During operation, the gas generated by copper electrolysis can accumulate at the upper end of the shell, and the sealing sleeve is additionally arranged at the joint part of the connecting wire and the top cover, so that the air tightness inside the shell is enhanced, and the gas generated by reaction or nitrogen is prevented from leaking outside.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. According to the electrolytic oxide reduction system, the ejector rods, the rollers, the filter screen, the dummy bottom plate, the spray holes, the reset springs and the mounting grooves are arranged, the ejector rods drive the two ends of the dummy bottom plate to upwards extrude the reset springs in the mounting grooves through the rollers, when the bottom of the dummy bottom plate is not extruded, the reset springs drive the dummy bottom plate to restore to the original position, electrolyte between the bottom in the shell and the dummy bottom plate is enabled to be flushed to the filter screen through the spray holes and is impacted to the sediment on the upper surface of the dummy bottom plate when the dummy bottom plate vibrates up and down, the sediment on the surface of the filter screen is cleaned, meanwhile, the sediment accumulated on the upper surface of the dummy bottom plate is flushed into the electrolyte on the upper portion, copper oxide in the sediment is enabled to fully react with sulfuric acid, and the efficiency of copper oxide full reaction is further enhanced.
2. According to the electrolytic oxide reduction system, the dummy bottom plate, the air pipe, the reset spring, the mounting groove and the spray holes are arranged, when the reset spring drives the two ends of the dummy bottom plate to move downwards in the mounting groove, the dummy bottom plate can carry electrolyte to generate a reflux phenomenon, the reflux electrolyte can enable sediment to be accumulated on the upper surface of the dummy bottom plate again, nitrogen is introduced into the air pipe, the nitrogen is sprayed to the spray holes through the spray nozzles on the air pipe, and the nitrogen is sprayed to the upper surface of the dummy bottom plate through the spray holes, so that the reflux phenomenon caused by the downward movement of the dummy bottom plate is eliminated, and the accumulation effect of sediment on the upper surface of the dummy bottom plate is further avoided.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2 at A;
FIG. 4 is a partial enlarged view at B in FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the filter screen structure of FIG. 1;
In the figure: 1. a housing; 2. a material conveying port; 3. a DC power supply; 31. a connecting wire; 32. an anode plate; 33. a cathode plate; 4. a telescopic rod; 41. a push rod; 411. a roller; 412. a blocking piece; 5. a dummy floor; 51. a mounting groove; 52. a return spring; 53. a spray hole; 54. a filter screen; 55. an arc-shaped plate; 56. an elastic filter screen; 6. an air pipe; 7. and (5) sealing the sleeve.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described in connection with the following detailed description in order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement of the purpose and the effect of the invention easy to understand.
Embodiment one:
as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the electrolytic oxide reduction system of the invention comprises an electrolysis unit, a material conveying unit and a material discharging unit, wherein the electrolysis unit comprises a shell 1, a material conveying port 2, a direct current power supply 3, a telescopic rod 4 and a false bottom plate 5; the upper end of the shell 1 is provided with a top cover, the direct current power supply 3 is fixedly connected to the middle part of the upper surface of the top cover, and the material conveying opening 2 is formed in the middle part of the upper end of the top cover;
Connecting wires 31 are fixedly connected to the surfaces of two ends of the direct current power supply 3, one end, far away from the direct current power supply 3, of the connecting wire 31 on the left side stretches into the shell 1 and is fixedly connected with an anode plate 32, and the end, far away from the direct current power supply 3, of the connecting wire 31 on the right side stretches into the shell 1 and is fixedly connected with a cathode plate 33;
The parts, close to the bottoms, of the inner walls of the two sides of the shell 1 are provided with mounting grooves 51, and the two ends of the false bottom plate 5 are embedded into the mounting grooves 51 and are movably connected with the inner surfaces of the mounting grooves 51 through reset springs 52;
The telescopic rod 4 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the bottom of the shell 1, and the end part of the ejector rod 41 on the telescopic rod 4 stretches into the shell 1 and contacts with the lower surface of the false bottom plate 5;
In this embodiment, firstly, an electrolyte configured by a trace amount of sulfuric acid and copper sulfate mixed solution is transported to the inside of a shell 1 by a material transporting unit, then a top cover is combined with the bottom of the shell 1, the top cover drives an anode plate 32 and a cathode plate 33 to be inserted into the electrolyte in the shell 1 by a direct current power supply device 3, the anode plate 32 and the cathode plate 33 are connected with two sides of the direct current power supply device 3 by connecting wires 31, the anode plate 32 is a thick plate made of blister copper and the cathode plate 33 is a thin plate made of pure copper, a controller controls the direct current power supply device 3 to start, after being electrified, copper is dissolved into copper ions from an anode to a cathode, electrons are obtained after reaching the cathode, and pure copper is precipitated at the cathode, and the anode: cu-2e- =cu2+, cathode: cu2++2e- =cu; the impurities in the anode blister copper, wherein iron, zinc and the like which are more noble than copper are dissolved into ions along with copper, and gold, silver and the like which are more noble than copper are precipitated on the upper surface of the false bottom plate 5; under the electrolytic state, according to the reaction formula 2CuSO4+2H2O=2Cu+O2 ++2H2SO 4 and CuO+H2SO4=CuSO4+H2O, the fact that copper sulfate and water in electrolyte in the shell 1 are continuously consumed is known, the reduction of the copper sulfate and the water possibly causes the increase of power consumption and the slow speed in the copper electrolysis process, and copper oxide is added into the electrolyte, SO that the copper oxide consumes sulfuric acid and generates copper sulfate and water at the same time, and the electrolyte is restored to the original state; therefore, copper oxide is added into the shell 1 through the feed port 2, along with the continuous reaction of copper oxide in the electrolyte, a part of copper oxide possibly fails to completely react and is deposited on the upper surface of the false bottom plate 5, two ends of the false bottom plate 5 are movably connected in the mounting groove 51, two end surfaces of the false bottom plate 5 are connected with the inner wall of the mounting groove 51 through the reset spring 52, the controller intermittently starts the telescopic rod 4, the telescopic rod 4 drives the false bottom plate 5 to shake up and down in the shell 1 through the ejector rod 41, so that the copper oxide which is not fully reacted on the surface of the false bottom plate 5 returns to the electrolyte again, the efficiency of the full reaction of copper oxide and sulfuric acid is further improved, meanwhile, the false bottom plate 5 can prevent the precipitate and the unreacted copper oxide from falling to the bottom of the shell 1, the precipitate can be removed through the replacement of the false bottom plate 5, the subsequent damage to the bottom surface of the shell 1 during the process of cleaning the precipitate is prevented, and finally the removed precipitate is transported to the next step through the discharging unit.
Meanwhile, the surface of the dummy base plate 5 is uniformly provided with spray holes 53, the spray holes 53 are conical holes, the small ends of the spray holes 53 are positioned on the upper surface of the dummy base plate 5, and a filter screen 54 is arranged on the dummy base plate 5 above the spray holes 53; along with the up-and-down vibration of the dummy plate 5, the electrolyte between the inner bottom of the shell 1 and the dummy plate 5 is flushed out from the spray holes 53, the spray holes 53 are conical in shape, and the small ends of the spray holes 53 are positioned on the upper surface of the dummy plate 5, so that the electrolyte is more rapidly sprayed to the filter screen 54 through the spray holes 53, precipitates on the surface of the filter screen 54 are cleaned, the filter holes on the filter screen 54 are prevented from being blocked by the precipitates, the effect of full reaction of copper oxide and sulfuric acid in the shell 1 is further ensured, and meanwhile, the filter screen 54 prevents precipitated impurities from entering the lower part of the dummy plate 5, so that the cleaning of the precipitated impurities at the bottom of the shell 1 by later staff is not facilitated.
The filter screen 54 is in an inverted cone shape, and an arc-shaped plate 55 is fixedly connected to the top end of the filter screen 54 far away from the false bottom plate 5; the bottoms of the two ends of the arc-shaped plate 55 are connected with the upper ends of the filter screens 54 on the two sides to form a semi-closed space, and compared with the filter screens 54 which are transversely arranged, the inverted cone-shaped filter screens 54 are more beneficial to preventing falling sediment from blocking filter holes of the filter screens 54, so that the electrolyte is prevented from influencing the electrolyte to pass through the filter screens 54 to the space between the bottom of the shell 1 and the false bottom plate 5; when the precipitate falls on the surface of the arc-shaped plate 55, the precipitate on the surface of the arc-shaped plate 55 slides down rapidly under the impact of the electrolyte as the dummy plate 5 vibrates up and down, and the arc-shaped outer surface of the arc-shaped plate 55 is favorable for preventing the precipitate from accumulating, thereby further preventing the precipitate from sticking to the surface of the dummy plate 5.
Embodiment two:
As shown in fig. 3, an elastic filter screen 56 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the dummy floor 5 near the inner wall of the housing 1, and one end of the elastic filter screen 56 far away from the dummy floor 5 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing 1;
In this embodiment, along with the vertical vibration of the dummy plate 5, the precipitate in the electrolyte may move between the bottom in the casing 1 and the dummy plate 5 through the mounting groove 51 under the driving of the liquid flow rate, so the setting of the elastic filter screen 56 prevents the precipitate from moving into the mounting groove 51, and simultaneously prevents the precipitate from being clamped between the return springs 52, thereby avoiding affecting the vertical vibration of the dummy plate 5, and the elastic filter screen 56 automatically cleans the surface along with the vertical vibration of the dummy plate 5, and simultaneously prevents the precipitate from falling to the bottom of the casing 1 through the mounting groove 51.
Meanwhile, the width of the false bottom plate 5 is smaller than the distance between the opposite side walls of the mounting grooves 51 at the two sides, the upper surface and the lower surface of the false bottom plate 5 are fixedly connected with the reset springs 52, the up-and-down vibration amplitude of the false bottom plate 5 can be enhanced, the side surface of the false bottom plate 5 is fixedly connected with the reset springs 52, the horizontal vibration amplitude of the false bottom plate 5 is enhanced, meanwhile, the width of the false bottom plate 5 is smaller than the width of the inner wall of the mounting groove 51, the vibration amplitude of the false bottom plate 5 in the mounting groove 51 is increased, and as the up-and-down vibration amplitude of the false bottom plate 5 is increased, sediment is not easy to accumulate on the surface of the false bottom plate 5, so that sediment accumulation on the upper surface of the false bottom plate 5 is further avoided;
Meanwhile, the elastic filter screen 56 and the reset spring 52 are made of corrosion-resistant and high-temperature-resistant materials, the dummy bottom plate 5 and the inner wall of the shell 1 are made of the same materials, and the elastic filter screen 56, the reset spring 52 and the dummy bottom plate 5 are prevented from reacting with electrolyte or substances produced by electrolytic reaction in the shell 1 by adopting the corrosion-resistant and high-temperature-resistant materials, so that the electrolytic copper reaction process is guaranteed, the corrosion damage of the surfaces of the elastic filter screen 56, the reset spring 52 and the dummy bottom plate 5 is reduced, and the electrolytic copper reaction working efficiency is further guaranteed.
Embodiment III:
as shown in fig. 4, the upper part of the ejector rod 41 is rotatably connected with a roller 411, the telescopic rod 4 is obliquely arranged at the bottom of the casing 1, a blocking block 412 is uniformly and fixedly connected to the surface of the roller 411, and the blocking block 412 is matched with the bottom of the false bottom plate 5 in the casing 1;
In this embodiment, the ejector rod 41 presses the bottom of the dummy plate 5 through the roller 411, so that the dummy plate 5 moves upward in the mounting groove 51, when the dummy plate 5 loses the pressing of the ejector rod 41, the dummy plate 5 is restored to the original position in the mounting groove 51 under the action of the return spring 52, so that the ejector rod 41 drives the dummy plate 5 to vibrate up and down through the roller 411, meanwhile, the telescopic rod 4 arranged obliquely also strengthens the left and right vibration amplitude of the dummy plate 5, and the part of the roller 411 provided with the blocking block 412 and the part not provided with the blocking block 412 are respectively contacted with the bottom of the dummy plate 4 repeatedly, so that the blocking blocks 412 uniformly arranged on the surface of the roller 411 quicken the frequency of the vibration amplitude of the dummy plate 5, thereby further ensuring the effect of preventing sedimentation from solidifying on the surface of the dummy plate 5.
Embodiment four:
As shown in fig. 2, the bottom of the casing 1 is provided with an air pipe 6, the left side of the air pipe 6 penetrates through the bottom of the casing 1 and is connected with a nitrogen supply device, the upper part of the air pipe 6 is uniformly provided with nozzles, and the nozzles correspond to spray holes 53 on the surface of the false floor;
In this embodiment, when the dummy plate 5 moves downward in the housing 1, the dummy plate 5 will carry the electrolyte to generate a backflow phenomenon, and the backflow electrolyte may cause the precipitate to be accumulated on the upper surface of the dummy plate 5 again, so by introducing nitrogen into the air pipe 6, the nozzle on the upper surface of the air pipe 6 is located at the right lower end of the nozzle 53, the nitrogen is sprayed to the nozzle 53 through the nozzle on the air pipe 6, and the nitrogen is sprayed to the upper surface of the dummy plate 5 through the nozzle 53, so that the backflow phenomenon caused by the downward movement of the dummy plate 5 is eliminated by the nitrogen, and the reaction efficiency of copper oxide and sulfuric acid in the precipitate is further accelerated.
As shown in fig. 1, the joint of the connecting wire 31 and the top cover is provided with the sealing sleeve 7, and the gas generated by the electrolytic copper can accumulate at the upper end of the shell 1, so that the sealing sleeve 7 is added at the joint of the connecting wire 31 and the top cover, the air tightness inside the shell 1 is enhanced, and the gas or nitrogen generated by the reaction is prevented from leaking outside.
Claims (2)
1. An electrolytic oxide reduction system, includes electrolysis unit, material conveying unit and ejection of compact unit, its characterized in that: the electrolysis unit comprises a shell (1), a material conveying port (2), a direct current power supply (3), a telescopic rod (4) and a false bottom plate (5); the upper end of the shell (1) is provided with a top cover, the direct current power supply (3) is fixedly connected to the middle part of the upper surface of the top cover, and the material conveying opening (2) is formed in the middle part of the upper end of the top cover; connecting wires (31) are fixedly connected to the surfaces of two ends of the direct current power supply (3), one end, far away from the direct current power supply (3), of the connecting wire (31) on the left side extends into the shell (1) and is fixedly connected with an anode plate (32), and the end, far away from the direct current power supply (3), of the connecting wire (31) on the right side, extending into the shell (1) is fixedly connected with a cathode plate (33); the two ends of the false bottom plate (5) are embedded into the mounting groove (51) and are movably connected with the inner surface of the mounting groove (51) through a reset spring (52); the telescopic rod (4) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the bottom of the shell (1), and the end part of the ejector rod (41) on the telescopic rod (4) stretches into the shell (1) and contacts with the lower surface of the false bottom plate (5);
The surface of the false bottom plate (5) is uniformly provided with spray holes (53), the spray holes (53) are conical holes, the small ends of the spray holes (53) are positioned on the upper surface of the false bottom plate (5), and a filter screen (54) is arranged on the false bottom plate (5) at the position above the spray holes (53);
the filter screen (54) is in an inverted cone shape, and an arc-shaped plate (55) is fixedly connected to the top end of the filter screen (54) far away from the false bottom plate (5);
An elastic filter screen (56) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the false bottom plate (5) close to the inner wall of the shell (1), and one end, far away from the false bottom plate (5), of the elastic filter screen (56) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell (1);
The width of the false bottom plate (5) is smaller than the distance between the opposite side walls of the mounting grooves (51) at the two sides;
The upper part of the ejector rod (41) is rotatably connected with a roller (411), and the telescopic rod (4) is obliquely arranged at the bottom of the shell (1);
The surface of the roller (411) is uniformly and fixedly connected with a blocking block (412), and the blocking block (412) is matched with the bottom of the false bottom plate (5) in the shell (1);
The elastic filter screen (56) and the reset spring (52) are made of corrosion-resistant and high-temperature-resistant materials, and the false bottom plate (5) and the inner wall of the shell (1) are made of the same materials;
The bottom of the shell (1) is provided with an air pipe (6), the left side of the air pipe (6) penetrates through the bottom of the shell (1) and is connected with a nitrogen supply device, the upper part of the air pipe (6) is uniformly provided with nozzles, and the nozzles correspond to spray holes (53) on the surface of the false floor.
2. An electrolytic oxide reduction system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the joint part of the connecting wire (31) and the top cover is provided with a sealing sleeve (7) to be connected.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210688912.7A CN115125588B (en) | 2022-06-16 | 2022-06-16 | Electrolytic oxide reduction system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210688912.7A CN115125588B (en) | 2022-06-16 | 2022-06-16 | Electrolytic oxide reduction system |
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| CN115125588A CN115125588A (en) | 2022-09-30 |
| CN115125588B true CN115125588B (en) | 2024-05-03 |
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