CN115117973B - Voltage superposition type composite power supply system - Google Patents

Voltage superposition type composite power supply system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115117973B
CN115117973B CN202210832117.0A CN202210832117A CN115117973B CN 115117973 B CN115117973 B CN 115117973B CN 202210832117 A CN202210832117 A CN 202210832117A CN 115117973 B CN115117973 B CN 115117973B
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China
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voltage
switching element
detection module
lithium battery
power supply
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CN115117973A (en
Inventor
倪立
王斌
严亦哲
肖纯武
周洋
朱仲文
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Shoukai High Tech Jiangsu Co ltd
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Shoukai High Tech Jiangsu Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00032—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
    • H02J7/00036—Charger exchanging data with battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0031—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using battery or load disconnect circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0036—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using connection detecting circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0063—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0068—Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/007188—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/007188—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters
    • H02J7/007192—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters in response to temperature
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

The application discloses a voltage superposition type composite power supply system, which comprises: the boost converter uses a fuel cell as an input power source; the cathode of the lithium battery is connected with the anode of the fuel battery through a first switching element; the two ends of the first switching element are connected across the first freewheeling diode; a second freewheeling diode is connected between the anode of the lithium battery and the anode of the fuel battery in a bridging way; the voltage detection module is used for detecting the voltage of the lithium battery in real time; the temperature detection module is used for detecting the ambient temperature in real time; the control module is used for responding to the voltage detected by the voltage detection module and the ambient temperature detected by the temperature detection module to output a group of switch signals so as to control the voltage superposition type composite power supply system to work in different modes. The application is a composite power circuit structure with simple structure and ingenious design, and can meet the explosive power requirement of special equipment such as electric racing cars and the like in low-temperature scenes.

Description

Voltage superposition type composite power supply system
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of power supply systems, and particularly relates to a voltage superposition type composite power supply system.
Background
The development of new energy technology promotes the development of related industry chains, wherein a new energy battery is an important development direction, and the new energy battery is widely applied to special equipment such as electric racing vehicles.
Since the performance deterioration of the battery is serious in a low temperature scenario, if the equipment has an explosive power demand in a low temperature scenario, a sufficiently large current may not be mobilized to be supplied to the output terminal due to the reduced battery performance, resulting in failure of the equipment. The batteries are connected in parallel to realize current addition, so that larger power output can be realized, and the explosive power requirement of equipment in a low-temperature scene is met. If more power supplies are connected in parallel to cope with the problem that the current possibly existing in the equipment in the low-temperature scene is insufficient, the current on the direct-current bus of the output end in the non-low-temperature scene is possibly too high, and the current carrying capacity of the motor internal winding and the motor controller of the back-end equipment is exceeded.
Therefore, how to meet the power requirement in a non-low temperature scene and the explosive power requirement of special equipment such as electric racing car in a low temperature scene is a technical problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the application provides a voltage superposition type composite power supply system. The technical problems to be solved by the application are realized by the following technical scheme:
the application provides a voltage superposition type composite power supply system, which comprises:
a boost converter; the boost converter uses a fuel cell as an input power source;
a lithium battery; the negative electrode of the lithium battery is connected with the positive electrode of the fuel battery through a first switching element; the two ends of the first switching element are connected across the first freewheeling diode; a second freewheel diode is connected between the positive electrode of the lithium battery and the positive electrode of the fuel battery in a bridging way;
a voltage detection module; the voltage detection module is connected with the lithium battery and used for detecting the voltage of the lithium battery in real time;
a temperature detection module; the temperature detection module is used for detecting the ambient temperature in real time;
a control module; the control module is connected with the voltage detection module and the temperature detection module; the control module is used for responding to the voltage detected by the voltage detection module and the environment temperature detected by the temperature detection module to output a group of switch signals so as to control the voltage superposition type composite power supply system to work in different modes; wherein the set of switching signals comprises: a switching signal of the first switching element and a switching signal of the second switching element; the second switching element is a switching element of the boost converter;
the modes include: a first output mode in which the fuel cell directly outputs a voltage to a load terminal; a second output mode in which the fuel cell outputs a voltage to a load terminal through the boost converter and charges the lithium battery; a third output mode in which the lithium battery and the fuel battery output a superimposed voltage to a load terminal;
the first output mode is effective when the ambient temperature is not lower than a preset low temperature lower limit; the second output mode is effective when the ambient temperature is lower than the low temperature lower limit and the voltage output by the lithium battery does not reach a preset voltage reference value; the third output mode is effective when an ambient temperature is lower than the low temperature lower limit and a voltage output by the lithium battery reaches a preset voltage reference value.
In one embodiment of the present application, the implementation process of the first output mode includes:
when the ambient temperature detected by the temperature detection module is not lower than a preset low temperature lower limit, the control module outputs a switching signal corresponding to the first switching element and a switching signal corresponding to the second switching element at the moment according to the temperature detection result so as to control the first switching element and the second switching element to be turned off.
In one embodiment of the present application, the implementation process of the second output mode includes:
when the ambient temperature detected by the temperature detection module is lower than a preset low temperature lower limit and the voltage detected by the voltage detection module does not reach a preset voltage reference value, the control module outputs a switching signal corresponding to the first switching element and a switching signal corresponding to the second switching element at the moment according to the temperature detection result and the voltage detection result so as to control the first switching element to be turned off and simultaneously control the second switching element to be turned on and off at high frequency.
In one embodiment of the present application, the implementation process of the third output mode includes:
when the ambient temperature detected by the temperature detection module is lower than a preset low temperature lower limit and the voltage detected by the voltage detection module reaches a preset voltage reference value, the control module outputs a switching signal corresponding to the first switching element and a switching signal corresponding to the second switching element at the moment according to the temperature detection result and the voltage detection result so as to control the first switching element to be turned on and control the second switching element to be turned off.
In one embodiment of the present application, the implementation process of the third output mode further includes:
when the voltage detected by the voltage detection module is lower than the preset lower voltage limit, the voltage superposition type composite power supply system works in a second output mode that the fuel cell boosts and outputs to the load end through the boost converter and charges the lithium battery again until the voltage detected by the voltage detection module reaches a preset voltage reference value, and works in a third output mode that the lithium battery and the fuel cell output superposition voltage to the load end again.
In one embodiment of the present application, further comprising:
a third switching element; both ends of the third switching element are connected across the fuel cell;
a brake signal detection module; the brake signal detection is used for detecting a brake signal;
the control module is also connected with the brake signal detection module and is also used for: outputting the set of switch signals in response to the voltage detected by the voltage detection module, the ambient temperature detected by the temperature detection module and the braking signal detected by the braking signal detection module, so as to control the voltage superposition type composite power supply system to work in different modes;
the set of switching signals further includes: a switching signal of the third switching element;
the modes further include: a lithium battery single reverse charge mode; the independent reverse charging mode of the lithium battery is effective when the braking signal detection module detects a braking signal and the voltage output by the lithium battery does not reach a preset voltage reference value;
and the third switching element is turned off in the implementation process of the first output mode, the second output mode and the third output mode.
In one embodiment of the present application, the implementation process of the lithium battery in the single reverse charging mode includes:
when the brake signal detection module detects a brake signal and the voltage detected by the voltage detection module does not reach a preset voltage reference value, the control module outputs a switch signal corresponding to the first switch element, a switch signal corresponding to the second switch element and a switch signal corresponding to the third switch element at the moment according to a brake signal detection result and a voltage detection result so as to control the first switch element and the second switch element to be turned off and simultaneously control the third switch element to be turned on.
In one embodiment of the present application, further comprising:
a third switching element; both ends of the third switching element are connected across the fuel cell;
a load power detection module; the load power detection module is connected with a load and is used for detecting power at two ends of the load;
the control module is also connected with the load power detection module and is also used for: outputting the set of switching signals in response to the voltage detected by the voltage detection module, the ambient temperature detected by the temperature detection module and the power detected by the load power detection module, so as to control the voltage superposition type composite power supply system to work in different modes;
the set of switching signals further includes: a switching signal of the third switching element;
the modes further include: a lithium battery single reverse charge mode; the independent reverse charging mode of the lithium battery is effective when the detected power of the load power detection module is smaller than 0 and the voltage output by the lithium battery does not reach a preset voltage reference value;
and the third switching element is turned off in the implementation process of the first output mode, the second output mode and the third output mode.
In one embodiment of the present application, the implementation process of the lithium battery in the single reverse charging mode includes:
when the detected power of the load power detection module is smaller than 0 and the voltage detected by the voltage detection module does not reach a preset voltage reference value, the control module outputs a switching signal corresponding to the first switching element, a switching signal corresponding to the second switching element and a switching signal corresponding to the third switching element at the moment according to the power detection result and the voltage detection result so as to control the first switching element and the second switching element to be turned off and simultaneously control the third switching element to be turned on.
In one embodiment of the present application, the voltage superposition type composite power system start-up phase operates in the first output mode.
The application has the beneficial effects that:
the voltage superposition type composite power supply system provided by the application is a composite power supply circuit structure with simple structure and ingenious design, and can meet the explosive power requirements of special equipment such as electric racing vehicles and the like in low-temperature scenes, and specifically comprises a power supply circuit structure with simple structure and ingenious design: in the composite power supply circuit structure, a strategy of controlling the turning-off and the turning-on of the first switching element and the second switching element is designed, so that a first output mode of directly outputting voltage to a load end by the fuel cell, a second output mode of boosting and outputting voltage to the load end by the fuel cell through the boost converter and charging the lithium cell, a third output mode of outputting superimposed voltage to the load end by the lithium cell and the fuel cell and other modes can be quickly switched, the composite power supply system can work in a mode of directly outputting voltage to the load end by the fuel cell under a non-low temperature scene, and can work in a mode of outputting superimposed voltage to the load end by the lithium cell and the fuel cell under a low temperature scene so as to meet the explosive scene requirement under the low temperature scene; meanwhile, the mode is switched rapidly, so that the composite power supply system can work stably, and the power supply performance of the composite power supply system is improved.
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a voltage superposition type composite power supply system according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 (a) to fig. 2 (c) are schematic circuit operation structures corresponding to several output modes in the voltage superposition type composite power supply system according to the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another voltage superposition type composite power supply system according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a circuit operation structure corresponding to a reverse charging mode in another voltage superposition type composite power supply system according to the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another voltage superposition type composite power supply system according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, but embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.
In order to meet the explosive power demand of special equipment such as electric racing car in low-temperature scenario, please refer to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present application provides a voltage superposition type composite power supply system, which includes:
a boost converter; the boost converter uses a fuel cell as an input power source;
a lithium battery; the cathode of the lithium battery passes through the first switching element Q 1 Connecting the anode of the fuel cell; first switching element Q 1 Across the first freewheeling diode D 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the A second flywheel diode D is connected between the anode of the lithium battery and the anode of the fuel battery in a bridging way 2 ；
A voltage detection module; the voltage detection module is connected with the lithium battery and used for detecting the voltage of the lithium battery in real time;
a temperature detection module; the temperature detection module is used for detecting the ambient temperature in real time;
a control module; the control module is connected with the voltage detection module and the temperature detection module; the control module is used for responding to the voltage detectionThe voltage detected by the detection module and the ambient temperature detected by the temperature detection module output a group of switch signals to control the voltage superposition type composite power supply system to work in different modes; wherein, a set of switching signals includes: first switching element Q 1 Switch signal S of (2) 1 Second switching element Q 2 Switch signal S of (2) 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Second switching element Q 2 A switching element that is a boost converter;
the modes include: a first output mode in which the fuel cell directly outputs a voltage to the load terminal; a second output mode in which the fuel cell outputs a voltage to the load side through the voltage boost converter and charges the lithium battery; a third output mode in which the lithium battery and the fuel battery output a superimposed voltage to the load terminal;
the first output mode is effective when the ambient temperature is not lower than a preset low temperature lower limit; the second output mode is effective when the ambient temperature is lower than the low temperature lower limit and the voltage output by the lithium battery does not reach a preset voltage reference value; the third output mode is effective when the ambient temperature is lower than the low temperature lower limit and the voltage output by the lithium battery reaches a preset voltage reference value.
In the embodiment of the application, the first switching element Q 1 And a second switching element Q 2 A Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor (MOSFET) which may be an N-type or P-type channel, an insulated gate bipolar transistor (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor, IGBT) and other switches which may be replaced with the same type of switch.
In the embodiment of the application, the rated voltage of the fuel cell is equal to the maximum voltage of the lithium battery, and the maximum voltage of the fuel cell is higher than the rated voltage of the fuel cell, so that the lithium battery can be ensured to be charged to the maximum voltage when the fuel cell works in a boosting way.
In the embodiment of the application, the specific circuit structures of the temperature detection module and the voltage detection module are not limited, and the circuits for realizing the detection of the ambient temperature and the detection of the voltage can be realized.
In the embodiment of the application, the control module can be an ARM controller, and the ARM controller is used for controlling the temperature according to the temperatureThe environment temperature detected by the temperature detection module and the voltage detected by the voltage detection module output a group of switch signals to control the voltage superposition type composite power supply system to work in different modes. Wherein each switching signal can be a high level or a low level signal, and the first switching element Q is controlled by such a group of high level or low level signals 1 And a second switching element Q 2 The voltage superposition type composite power supply system is controlled to work in different modes by a group of output switch signals, and detailed description is provided later.
In the embodiment of the application, the specific circuit structure of the boost converter is not limited, and the boost converter comprises the second switching element Q by controlling the turn-off and turn-on of the switching element in the boost converter 2 By controlling the second switching element Q 2 The circuit for realizing the boost function in the second output mode can be used for realizing the non-operation of the boost converter in the first output mode and the second output mode.
For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the boost converter of the present embodiment includes an inductor L, a third freewheeling diode D 3 And a second switching element Q 2 First switching element Q 1 And a second switching element Q 2 The specific circuit connection relations of the voltage superposition type composite power supply system shown in fig. 1 are described as follows:
the cathode of the lithium battery is connected with the first switching element Q 1 Source of (a) first freewheeling diode D 1 The anode of the lithium battery is connected with a second flywheel diode D 2 Negative electrode of (D), third freewheeling diode D 3 The negative electrode of the lithium battery and the positive electrode of the load, the two ends of the lithium battery are also connected with a voltage detection module in a bridging way, the input end of the control module is respectively connected with the output end of the temperature detection module and the output end of the voltage detection module, and the switch signal S of the control module 1 Is a switching signal S 2 The output ends of (a) are respectively connected with the first switch element Q 1 Gate of (2) and second switching element Q 2 Gate of (1), first switch elementPiece Q 1 The drain electrode of (a) is connected with the first freewheeling diode D 1 Anode of fuel cell, second flywheel diode D 2 And one end of the inductor L is connected with the third flywheel diode D 3 Positive electrode of (a) and second switching element Q 2 A drain electrode of the fuel cell is connected with the second switching element Q 2 And the negative electrode of the load.
Correspondingly, the control module outputs a group of switch signals S according to the ambient temperature detected by the temperature detection module and the voltage detected by the voltage detection module 1 And S is 2 By the set of switch signals S 1 And S is 2 First switch element Q in control voltage superposition type composite power supply system 1 And a second switching element Q 2 To control the voltage superposition type composite power supply system to work in: a first output mode in which the fuel cell directly outputs a voltage to the load terminal; a second output mode in which the fuel cell outputs a voltage to the load side through the voltage boost converter and charges the lithium battery; and a third output mode in which the lithium battery and the fuel battery output the superimposed voltage to the load terminal. Referring to fig. 2 (a) to 2 (c), fig. 2 (a) to 2 (c) show the power flow path and direction corresponding to the current output mode by using black straight lines with arrows, and the rest of the parts, irrelevant to the power flow path and direction, in the corresponding graph are indicated by gray lines, and the implementation process of each output mode in the embodiment of the present application is as follows:
the implementation process for the first output mode of the fuel cell for directly outputting voltage to the load terminal comprises the following steps:
when the ambient temperature detected by the temperature detection module is not lower than the preset low temperature lower limit, the control module outputs the first switching element Q according to the temperature detection result 1 Corresponding switch signal S 1 Second switching element Q 2 Corresponding switch signal S 2 To control the first switching element Q 1 And a second switching element Q 2 All are turned off, so that the composite power supply system operates in a mode in which the fuel cell as shown in fig. 2 (a) directly outputs a voltage to the load terminal.
The implementation process of the second output mode of boosting output of the fuel cell to the load end through the boost converter and charging of the lithium battery comprises the following steps:
when the ambient temperature detected by the temperature detection module is lower than a preset low temperature lower limit and the voltage detected by the voltage detection module does not reach a preset voltage reference value, the control module outputs the first switching element Q according to the temperature detection result and the voltage detection result 1 Corresponding switch signal S 1 Second switching element Q 2 Corresponding switch signal S 2 To control the first switching element Q 1 Turn off and simultaneously control the second switching element Q 2 The high frequency is turned on and off so that the hybrid power supply system operates in a mode in which the fuel cell as shown in fig. 2 (b) is boosted to output to the load side by the boost converter and charged to the lithium battery. Wherein for the second switching element Q 2 The embodiment of the application adopts the high-low change level of 20-50 kHZ frequency to control the second switching element Q 2 Is turned off and on, and the second switching element Q is regulated according to the voltage of the lithium battery to be charged 2 For example, the embodiment of the application adopts the adjustment of the second switching element Q 2 The on duty ratio is 0.5, and a boost output of 2 times the fuel cell voltage can be achieved. The fuel cell related to the subsequent circuit can boost and output to the load end through the boost converter, and the mode of charging the lithium battery can adopt the regulation of the second switching element Q 2 Is realized by the on duty cycle mode of the power supply.
The implementation process for the third output mode of the lithium battery and the fuel battery for outputting the superimposed voltage to the load terminal comprises the following steps:
when the ambient temperature detected by the temperature detection module is lower than a preset low temperature lower limit and the voltage detected by the voltage detection module reaches a preset voltage reference value, the control module outputs the first switching element Q according to the temperature detection result and the voltage detection result 1 Corresponding switch signal S 1 Second switching element Q 2 Corresponding switch signal S 2 To control the first switching element Q 1 Conducting while controlling the second switching element Q 2 Shut down, at this time the lithium battery andthe fuel cells are output in series, so that voltage superposition of the lithium battery and the fuel cells is realized, and the composite power supply system works in a mode that the lithium battery and the fuel cells output superposed voltage to a load end as shown in fig. 2 (c), thereby ensuring that the composite power supply system can still work in a high-power output state in a low-temperature scene, and can cope with explosive power requirements in the low-temperature scene at any time.
It should be noted that, the preset voltage reference value and the low temperature lower limit mentioned in the implementation process of the three output modes are all parameters preset according to actual requirements. Such as in the embodiments of the present application: the preset voltage reference value can be set to 90% -95% of the maximum voltage of the lithium battery; the preset low temperature lower limit may be set to 5 deg.c for the environment in which the lithium battery and the fuel cell operate.
Further, according to the analysis of the inventor, when the composite power supply system works in the third output mode, the lithium battery is in a discharge state, when the electric quantity of the lithium battery is exhausted before the fuel battery, if the forced discharge is continued, the whole composite power supply system is likely to be damaged or even exploded, and in order to ensure the safe reliability of the power supply of the composite power supply system, the implementation process of the third output mode further comprises the following steps:
when the voltage detected by the voltage detection module is lower than the preset lower voltage limit, the voltage superposition type composite power supply system works in the second output mode that the fuel cell outputs the voltage to the load end in a boosting way through the boost converter and charges the lithium battery again, namely the first switching element Q is controlled 1 Turn off and simultaneously control the second switching element Q 2 The high frequency is conducted and cut off until the voltage detected by the voltage detection module reaches a preset voltage reference value, the voltage superposition type composite power supply system works in a third output mode that the lithium battery and the fuel battery output superposition voltage to the load end again, namely the first switching element Q is controlled 1 Conducting while controlling the second switching element Q 2 And (5) switching off.
It should be noted that, the preset lower voltage limit mentioned in the implementation process of the third output mode is a parameter preset according to the actual requirement. For example, in the embodiment of the present application, the preset lower voltage limit may be set to 10% to 20% of the maximum voltage of the lithium battery.
Further, based on the voltage superposition type composite power supply system shown in fig. 1 provided by the embodiment of the present application, a corresponding energy feedback circuit scheme is also provided, please refer to fig. 3, and based on fig. 1, the corresponding voltage superposition type composite power supply system further includes:
third switching element Q 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Third switching element Q 3 Is connected across the fuel cell;
a brake signal detection module; the brake signal detection is used for detecting a brake signal;
the control module is also connected with the brake signal detection module and is also used for: responding to the voltage detected by the voltage detection module, the ambient temperature detected by the temperature detection module and the braking signal detected by the braking signal detection module, outputting a group of switching signals to control the voltage superposition type composite power supply system to work in different modes;
the set of switching signals further includes: third switching element Q 3 Switch signal S of (2) 3 ；
The modes further include: a lithium battery single reverse charge mode; the independent reverse charging mode of the lithium battery is effective when the brake signal detection module detects a brake signal and the voltage output by the lithium battery does not reach a preset voltage reference value;
wherein the third switching element Q is in the implementation of the first, second and third output modes 3 Are all turned off.
In the embodiment of the application, the third switching element Q 3 The transistor can be an N-type or P-type channel MOSFET transistor, an IGBT transistor and other switches with the same function can be adopted for substitution.
In the embodiment of the application, the specific circuit structure of the brake signal detection module is not limited, and the circuits for realizing brake signal detection can be all used. For example, in the running process of the electric automobile, a braking signal can be generated during braking, and also can be generated during starting acceleration, and the braking signal detection module detects the braking signal and is used for judging whether the energy feedback requirement can be met at the moment.
The embodiment of the application adds a third switching element Q on the basis of the voltage superposition type composite power supply system shown in the figure 1 3 And a brake signal detection module. For example, a third switching element Q 3 The specific circuit connection of the IGBT switching tube and the corresponding voltage superposition type composite power supply system is described as follows: the connection relation of the voltage superposition type composite power supply system shown in fig. 1 is reserved, the input end of the control module is also connected with the output end of the brake signal detection module, and the switch signal S of the control module 3 The output end of (2) is connected with a third switching element Q 3 Gate of the third switching element Q 3 A source electrode of the third switching element Q is connected with the cathode of the fuel cell 3 Is connected with the anode of the fuel cell.
Correspondingly, the control module outputs a group of switch signals S according to the ambient temperature detected by the temperature detection module, the voltage detected by the voltage detection module and the braking signal detected by the braking signal detection module 1 、S 2 And S is 3 By the set of switch signals S 1 、S 2 And S is 3 First switch element Q in control voltage superposition type composite power supply system 1 Second switching element Q 2 And a third switching element Q 3 The turn-off and turn-on of the voltage superposition type composite power supply system provided by the embodiment of the application is controlled to work in the following modes: a first output mode in which the fuel cell directly outputs a voltage to the load terminal; a second output mode in which the fuel cell outputs a voltage to the load side through the voltage boost converter and charges the lithium battery; a third output mode in which the lithium battery and the fuel battery output a superimposed voltage to the load terminal; and a lithium battery single reverse charging mode.
Here, the implementation procedures of the first output mode, the second output mode and the third output mode are the same as those of the circuit shown in fig. 1, and will not be described here again, but it is to be noted that the third switching element Q is in the implementation procedures of the first output mode, the second output mode and the third output mode 3 All are always in the off state. Referring to fig. 4, the black straight line with an arrow in fig. 4 represents the lithium battery as in fig. 2 (a) to 2 (c)The power flow path and direction corresponding to the battery single reverse charging mode are shown by gray lines in the corresponding graph, and the implementation process of the lithium battery single reverse charging mode comprises the following steps:
when the brake signal detection module detects a brake signal and the voltage detected by the voltage detection module does not reach a preset voltage reference value, the control module outputs the first switching element Q according to the brake signal detection result and the voltage detection result 1 Corresponding switch signal S 1 Second switching element Q 2 Corresponding switch signal S 2 And a third switching element Q 3 Corresponding switch signal S 3 To control the first switching element Q 1 And a second switching element Q 2 All turn off and simultaneously control the third switching element Q 3 Conduction causes the composite power system to operate in the lithium battery single reverse charge mode as shown in fig. 4. The condition that the voltage detected by the voltage detection module reaches a preset voltage reference value indicates that the lithium battery is in a full state, and continuous charging is not needed.
The embodiment of the application provides another energy feedback circuit scheme, please refer to fig. 5, on the basis of fig. 1, the corresponding voltage superposition type composite power supply system further comprises:
third switching element Q 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Third switching element Q 3 Is connected across the fuel cell;
a load power detection module; the load power detection module is connected with the load and is used for detecting the power at two ends of the load;
the control module is also connected with the load power detection module and is also used for: outputting a group of switch signals to control the voltage superposition type composite power supply system to work in different modes in response to the voltage detected by the voltage detection module, the ambient temperature detected by the temperature detection module and the power detected by the load power detection module;
the set of switching signals further includes: third switching element Q 3 Switch signal S of (2) 3 ；
The modes further include: a lithium battery single reverse charge mode; the independent reverse charging mode of the lithium battery is effective when the power detected by the load power detection module is smaller than 0 and the voltage output by the lithium battery does not reach a preset voltage reference value.
Wherein the third switching element Q is in the implementation of the first, second and third output modes 3 Are all turned off.
In the embodiment of the application, the specific circuit structure of the load power detection module is not limited, and the circuits for realizing load power detection can be all realized.
Unlike the power feeding circuit scheme shown in fig. 3, when the embodiment of the application is used for realizing the power feeding requirement as shown in fig. 5, the control module outputs a group of switch signals S according to the ambient temperature detected by the temperature detection module, the voltage detected by the voltage detection module and the load power detected by the load power detection module 1 、S 2 And S is 3 In particular by means of the set of switching signals S 1 、S 2 And S is 3 First switch element Q in control voltage superposition type composite power supply system 1 Second switching element Q 2 And a third switching element Q 3 The turn-off and turn-on of the power supply system to control the operation mode of the composite power supply system is the same as that of fig. 3, and will not be described again. And the implementation process for the single reverse charging mode of the lithium battery comprises the following steps:
when the power detected by the load power detection module is smaller than 0 and the voltage detected by the voltage detection module does not reach the preset voltage reference value, the control module outputs the first switching element Q according to the power detection result and the voltage detection result 1 Corresponding switch signal S 1 Second switching element Q 2 Corresponding switch signal S 2 And a third switching element Q 3 Corresponding switch signal S 3 To control the first switching element Q 1 And a second switching element Q 2 All turn off and simultaneously control the third switching element Q 3 Conduction causes the composite power system to operate in the lithium battery single reverse charge mode as shown in fig. 4.
In addition, in any of the above-described voltage-superimposed composite power supply systems shown in fig. 1, 3, and 5, the fuel cell is operated in the first output mode, i.e., the voltage mode in which the fuel cell directly outputs a voltage to the load terminal, at the start-up stage of the composite power supply system.
In summary, the voltage superposition type composite power supply system provided by the embodiment of the application is a composite power supply circuit structure with simple structure and ingenious design, and can meet the explosive power requirements of special equipment such as electric racing vehicles and the like in low-temperature scenes, in particular: in the composite power circuit structure, the first switching element Q is controlled by design 1 And a second switching element Q 2 The strategy of turn-off and turn-on can realize the fast switching of multiple modes such as a first output mode that the fuel cell directly outputs voltage to the load end, a second output mode that the fuel cell outputs voltage to the load end in a boosting way through the boosting converter and charges the lithium battery, and a third output mode that the lithium battery and the fuel cell output superimposed voltage to the load end, so that the composite power supply system can work in the mode that the fuel cell directly outputs voltage to the load end in a non-low temperature scene, and can work in the mode that the lithium battery and the fuel cell output superimposed voltage to the load end in a low temperature scene so as to cope with the explosive scene demand existing in the low temperature scene; meanwhile, the mode is switched rapidly, so that the composite power supply system can work stably, and the power supply performance of the composite power supply system is improved.
Meanwhile, the first switching element Q is controlled by design in the composite power circuit structure 1 Second switching element Q 2 And a third switching element Q 3 The strategy of turn-off and turn-on can also realize the energy feedback requirement of the voltage superposition type composite power supply system provided by the embodiment of the application, thereby improving the utilization rate of the composite power supply system.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Further, one skilled in the art can engage and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification.
Although the application is described herein in connection with various embodiments, other variations to the disclosed embodiments can be understood and effected by those skilled in the art in practicing the claimed application, from a study of the drawings, the disclosure, and the appended claims.
The foregoing is a further detailed description of the application in connection with the preferred embodiments, and it is not intended that the application be limited to the specific embodiments described. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several simple deductions or substitutions may be made without departing from the spirit of the application, and these should be considered to be within the scope of the application.

Claims (10)

1. A voltage superposition type composite power supply system, comprising:
a boost converter; the boost converter uses a fuel cell as an input power source;
a lithium battery; the negative electrode of the lithium battery is connected with the positive electrode of the fuel battery through a first switching element; the two ends of the first switching element are connected across the first freewheeling diode; a second freewheel diode is connected between the positive electrode of the lithium battery and the positive electrode of the fuel battery in a bridging way;
a voltage detection module; the voltage detection module is connected with the lithium battery and used for detecting the voltage of the lithium battery in real time;
a temperature detection module; the temperature detection module is used for detecting the ambient temperature in real time;
a control module; the control module is connected with the voltage detection module and the temperature detection module; the control module is used for responding to the voltage detected by the voltage detection module and the environment temperature detected by the temperature detection module to output a group of switch signals so as to control the voltage superposition type composite power supply system to work in different modes; wherein the set of switching signals comprises: a switching signal of the first switching element and a switching signal of the second switching element; the second switching element is a switching element of the boost converter;
the modes include: a first output mode in which the fuel cell directly outputs a voltage to a load terminal; a second output mode in which the fuel cell outputs a voltage to a load terminal through the boost converter and charges the lithium battery; a third output mode in which the lithium battery and the fuel battery output a superimposed voltage to a load terminal;
the first output mode is effective when the ambient temperature is not lower than a preset low temperature lower limit; the second output mode is effective when the ambient temperature is lower than the low temperature lower limit and the voltage output by the lithium battery does not reach a preset voltage reference value; the third output mode is effective when an ambient temperature is lower than the low temperature lower limit and a voltage output by the lithium battery reaches a preset voltage reference value.
2. The voltage superposition type composite power supply system according to claim 1, wherein the implementation process of the first output mode comprises:
when the ambient temperature detected by the temperature detection module is not lower than a preset low temperature lower limit, the control module outputs a switching signal corresponding to the first switching element and a switching signal corresponding to the second switching element at the moment according to the temperature detection result so as to control the first switching element and the second switching element to be turned off.
3. The voltage superposition type composite power supply system according to claim 1, wherein the implementation process of the second output mode comprises:
when the ambient temperature detected by the temperature detection module is lower than a preset low temperature lower limit and the voltage detected by the voltage detection module does not reach a preset voltage reference value, the control module outputs a switching signal corresponding to the first switching element and a switching signal corresponding to the second switching element at the moment according to the temperature detection result and the voltage detection result so as to control the first switching element to be turned off and simultaneously control the second switching element to be turned on and off at high frequency.
4. The voltage superposition type composite power supply system according to claim 1, wherein the implementation process of the third output mode comprises:
when the ambient temperature detected by the temperature detection module is lower than a preset low temperature lower limit and the voltage detected by the voltage detection module reaches a preset voltage reference value, the control module outputs a switching signal corresponding to the first switching element and a switching signal corresponding to the second switching element at the moment according to the temperature detection result and the voltage detection result so as to control the first switching element to be turned on and control the second switching element to be turned off.
5. The voltage superposition type composite power supply system according to claim 1, wherein the implementation process of the third output mode further comprises:
when the voltage detected by the voltage detection module is lower than the preset lower voltage limit, the voltage superposition type composite power supply system works in a second output mode that the fuel cell boosts and outputs to the load end through the boost converter and charges the lithium battery again until the voltage detected by the voltage detection module reaches a preset voltage reference value, and works in a third output mode that the lithium battery and the fuel cell output superposition voltage to the load end again.
6. The voltage-superimposed composite power supply system according to claim 1, further comprising:
a third switching element; both ends of the third switching element are connected across the fuel cell;
a brake signal detection module; the brake signal detection is used for detecting a brake signal;
the control module is also connected with the brake signal detection module and is also used for: outputting the set of switch signals in response to the voltage detected by the voltage detection module, the ambient temperature detected by the temperature detection module and the braking signal detected by the braking signal detection module, so as to control the voltage superposition type composite power supply system to work in different modes;
the set of switching signals further includes: a switching signal of the third switching element;
the modes further include: a lithium battery single reverse charge mode; the independent reverse charging mode of the lithium battery is effective when the braking signal detection module detects a braking signal and the voltage output by the lithium battery does not reach a preset voltage reference value;
and the third switching element is turned off in the implementation process of the first output mode, the second output mode and the third output mode.
7. The voltage superposition type composite power supply system according to claim 6, wherein said implementation process of the lithium battery single reverse charging mode comprises:
when the brake signal detection module detects a brake signal and the voltage detected by the voltage detection module does not reach a preset voltage reference value, the control module outputs a switch signal corresponding to the first switch element, a switch signal corresponding to the second switch element and a switch signal corresponding to the third switch element at the moment according to a brake signal detection result and a voltage detection result so as to control the first switch element and the second switch element to be turned off and simultaneously control the third switch element to be turned on.
8. The voltage-superimposed composite power supply system according to claim 1, further comprising:
a third switching element; both ends of the third switching element are connected across the fuel cell;
a load power detection module; the load power detection module is connected with a load and is used for detecting power at two ends of the load;
the control module is also connected with the load power detection module and is also used for: outputting the set of switching signals in response to the voltage detected by the voltage detection module, the ambient temperature detected by the temperature detection module and the power detected by the load power detection module, so as to control the voltage superposition type composite power supply system to work in different modes;
the set of switching signals further includes: a switching signal of the third switching element;
the modes further include: a lithium battery single reverse charge mode; the independent reverse charging mode of the lithium battery is effective when the detected power of the load power detection module is smaller than 0 and the voltage output by the lithium battery does not reach a preset voltage reference value;
and the third switching element is turned off in the implementation process of the first output mode, the second output mode and the third output mode.
9. The voltage superposition type composite power supply system according to claim 8, wherein said implementation process of the lithium battery single reverse charging mode comprises:
when the detected power of the load power detection module is smaller than 0 and the voltage detected by the voltage detection module does not reach a preset voltage reference value, the control module outputs a switching signal corresponding to the first switching element, a switching signal corresponding to the second switching element and a switching signal corresponding to the third switching element at the moment according to the power detection result and the voltage detection result so as to control the first switching element and the second switching element to be turned off and simultaneously control the third switching element to be turned on.
10. The voltage-superimposed power supply system of claim 1, wherein the voltage-superimposed power supply system start-up phase operates in a first output mode.
CN202210832117.0A 2022-07-15 2022-07-15 Voltage superposition type composite power supply system Active CN115117973B (en)

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CN108093551A (en) * 2017-12-20 2018-05-29 西安交通大学 For encouraging the composite power supply unit for generating Uniform Discharge high activity plasma
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CN111347853A (en) * 2018-12-21 2020-06-30 比亚迪股份有限公司 Motor control circuit, charging and discharging method, heating method and vehicle
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CN108093551A (en) * 2017-12-20 2018-05-29 西安交通大学 For encouraging the composite power supply unit for generating Uniform Discharge high activity plasma
CN109532517A (en) * 2018-10-22 2019-03-29 江苏理工学院 The management control method of vehicle-mounted composite power source energy
CN111347853A (en) * 2018-12-21 2020-06-30 比亚迪股份有限公司 Motor control circuit, charging and discharging method, heating method and vehicle
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