CN109532517A - The management control method of vehicle-mounted composite power source energy - Google Patents
The management control method of vehicle-mounted composite power source energy Download PDFInfo
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- CN109532517A CN109532517A CN201811229770.8A CN201811229770A CN109532517A CN 109532517 A CN109532517 A CN 109532517A CN 201811229770 A CN201811229770 A CN 201811229770A CN 109532517 A CN109532517 A CN 109532517A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of management control methods of vehicle-mounted composite power source energy, comprising: S10 establishes system working model according to the management control system of vehicle-mounted composite power source energy；Wherein, vehicle-mounted composite power source includes, for providing the fuel cell of energy and for providing the supercapacitor of power；The One Buck-Boost converter body for including the Boost being connect with fuel cell series in management control system and being connected in series with supercapacitor；Include the first control switch in Boost, includes the second control switch and third control switch in One Buck-Boost converter body；S20 obtains load current when electric car operation in real time；S30 controls the on-off of the first control switch, the second control switch and third control switch according to load current and system working model, realizes the management to fuel cell side output energy and the management of super capacitor side output power.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to battery technology field more particularly to a kind of management control methods of vehicle-mounted composite power source energy.
Background technique
The whole world pays close attention to energy conservation with environmental protection growing, brings the rise of electric car.Currently, many
Automobile has that generating efficiency is high, environmental pollution is small, energy density is big and low noise etc. all using fuel cell as main energy sources
Advantage, but occur fuel crunch problem in order to prevent, need to improve its performance and service life, just the electricity of necessary fuel cell
Thus rheology rate brings the slow problem of fuel cell dynamic response.
Use supercapacitor as supplementary energy, the slow technology of fuel cell dynamic response can be well solved and asked
Topic.Although two kinds of energy are combined, the advantage of the two can embody in composite power source, can pass through supercapacitor
Momentary high power is provided, but it cannot store too many energy, therefore how to the energy of fuel cell and supercapacitor into
Row distribution management becomes a stubborn problem.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of management controlling parties of vehicle-mounted composite power source energy
Method efficiently solves the technology that the power between fuel cell and supercapacitor and energy in the prior art are unable to reasonable distribution
Problem.
To achieve the goals above, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
A kind of management control method of vehicle-mounted composite power source energy, comprising:
S10 establishes system working model according to the management control system of vehicle-mounted composite power source energy；
Wherein, vehicle-mounted composite power source includes, for providing the fuel cell of energy and for providing the super capacitor of power
Device；In management control system include the Boost connecting with fuel cell series and is connected in series with supercapacitor
One Buck-Boost converter body；Include the first control switch in Boost, includes the second control in One Buck-Boost converter body
Switch and third control switch；
S20 obtains load current when electric car operation in real time；
S30 controls the first control switch, the second control switch and third according to load current and system working model and controls
It switches on-off, realizes the management to fuel cell side output energy and the management of super capacitor side output power.
In the management control method of vehicle-mounted composite power source energy provided by the invention, beneficial effect is:
1. by DC-DC (Direct Current, DC current) power inverter (including above-mentioned Boost
And One Buck-Boost converter body) Accurate Model, and then control switch pipe (including the first control switch in Boost,
The second control switch and third control switch in One Buck-Boost converter body) on-off realize fuel electricity in vehicle-mounted composite power source
The accurate management of energy between pond and supercapacitor, wherein Boost is based on fuel cell to the energy of electric car
State is controlled, and One Buck-Boost converter body is controlled based on power rating of the supercapacitor to electric car；
2. the foundation of system working model ensures the constant of DC bus-bar voltage, DC-DC power inverter is not being influenced
Under the premise of output voltage performance, this method ensure that good dynamic property between drive system and vehicle-mounted composite power source；?
Electric car loads in continually changing situation, ensure that the energy and power demand of electric car and drive system；
3. can further obtain vehicle-mounted composite power source power, DC-DC converter electricity according to the system working model of foundation
The relationship of pressure and vehicle driving distance, and then can predict the power shape of vehicle-mounted composite power source under the conditions of electric car state of cyclic operation
State lays the foundation for the control and power management of electric car.
Detailed description of the invention
In conjunction with attached drawing, and by reference to following detailed description, it will more easily have more complete understanding to the present invention
And its adjoint advantage and feature is more easily to understand, in which:
Fig. 1 is the management control method flow diagram of vehicle-mounted composite power source energy in the present invention；
Fig. 2 is vehicle-mounted composite power source topology diagram in the present invention；
Fig. 3 is supercapacitor equivalent model figure in the present invention.
Specific embodiment
To keep the contents of the present invention more clear and easy to understand, below in conjunction with Figure of description, the contents of the present invention are made into one
Walk explanation.Certainly the invention is not limited to the specific embodiment, general replacement known to those skilled in the art
It is included within the scope of protection of the present invention.
It is as shown in Figure 1 the management control method flow diagram of vehicle-mounted composite power source energy provided by the invention, from figure
In as can be seen that include: in the management control method
S10 establishes system working model according to the management control system of vehicle-mounted composite power source energy；
Wherein, the vehicle-mounted composite power source includes, for providing the fuel cell of energy and for providing the super of power
Capacitor；Include in the management control system Boost being connect with fuel cell series and with supercapacitor string
Join the One Buck-Boost converter body of connection；It include the first control switch in the Boost, the Buck-Boost transformation
It include the second control switch and third control switch in device；
S20 obtains load current when electric car operation in real time；
S30 controls the first control switch, the second control switch and third according to load current and system working model and controls
It switches on-off, realizes the management to fuel cell side output energy and the management of super capacitor side output power.
Specifically, Boost is used to the voltage of fuel cell rising to DC bus-bar voltage；One Buck-Boost converter body
For reversible transducer, output voltage can (input voltage be the electricity of supercapacitor in the present invention than the input voltage of battery
Pressure) it is high or low, output voltage polarity is identical as the polarity of input voltage, can work in boost mode or decompression mode, wherein
When its power flows to high side pressure by the low-pressure side of supercapacitor, referred to as boost mode；When bearing power is to super capacitor
When device flow measurement moves, referred to as decompression mode.In step s 30, output energy in fuel cell side refers specifically to Boost pair
The energy of the energy exported after the boost in voltage of fuel cell, i.e. Boost output；Supercapacitor side output power
One Buck-Boost converter body is referred specifically to the power exported after supercapacitor step-up/down, the i.e. function of Boost output
Rate.
As shown in Fig. 2, including the first filter inductance L in Boost1, the first control switch T1And first diode
D1, wherein the first filter inductance L1One end and the anode connection of fuel cell, the other end and first diode D1Anode even
It connects；First diode D1Cathode and motor direct-flow input end connect；First control switch T1Collector and the one or two pole
Pipe D1Anode connection, emitter ground connection, base stage be on-off control terminal.In addition, as shown, one filter capacitor C of settingfIt is in parallel
At fuel cell both ends, specifically, filter capacitor CfOne end and first diode D1Cathode connection, the other end ground connection, prevent from firing
There is over-voltage under high power state in material battery.
It include the second control switch T in One Buck-Boost converter body2, third control switch T3, the second filter inductance L2,
Two diode D2And third diode D3, wherein the second filter inductance L2One end and supercapacitor anode connection, it is another
End and third control switch T3Emitter connection；Third control switch T3Collector and motor direct-flow input end connection,
Base stage is on-off control terminal；Second control switch T2Collector and third control switch T3Emitter connection, emitter connects
Ground, base stage are on-off control terminal；Second diode D2It is connected in parallel on the second control switch T2Both ends, and anode and the second control switch
T2Emitter connection, cathode and collector connect；Third diode D3It is connected in parallel on third control switch T3Both ends, and anode with
Third control switch T3Emitter connection, cathode and collector connect.
It is established in system working model in step S10 according to the management control system of vehicle-mounted composite power source energy based on this
Further comprise:
S11 establishes working model to fuel cell and supercapacitor respectively；
During being modeled to fuel cell, battery cell is modeled first, voltage VcellExpression
Formula such as formula (1):
Wherein, E is monomer reciprocal circuit voltage, E=1.2V；R is all-in resistance, and I is electric current, and m and n are due to concentration loss
Two constants for causing battery cell voltage to decline, m=3 × 10-5V, n=8 × 10-3cm2mA-1；i0At battery cell cathode
Exchange current density (greater than the exchange current density at anode), i0=0.04mA/cm2；inIt is close for battery cell internal current
Degree (migration for being equivalent to hydrogen molecule inside battery cell)；A is Ta Feier coefficient, A=0.06V.
Ignoring charge transfer phenomenon only can just occur when being more than certain current value, be simplified to obtain to formula (1)
Formula (2):
Vcell=E-Rcell·Icell-A·ln(a·Icell+b) (2)
Wherein, IcellFor the leakage current of battery cell；RcellFor the ohmic loss of battery cell,ΔIcell
For IcellVariable quantity between 40A to 60A；A and b is two constants, by solving by two difference IcellThe equation that value obtains
Group is calculated.
Based on this, ignore the resistance connected between battery cell, it is (series-parallel by multiple battery cells to obtain fuel cell
Battery pack) total voltage, such as formula (3):
Wherein, IpacFor battery pack parallel-current.
In addition, the total voltage of fuel cell can be indicated such as formula (4) again:
Wherein, For series-connected cell number, EcellFor the limitation voltage of battery cell, Ecell=
0.53V；VDCFor DC bus-bar voltage.Obtain series-connected cell numberLater, according toObtain parallel connection
Battery numberWherein,For the maximum power of fuel cell,For the maximum power of battery cell.
What is modeled to supercapacitor (as supplementary energy, accelerate in electric car and power in transient process)
In the process, as shown in figure 3, supercapacitor monomer can be equivalent to RC circuit model, the charge stored in supercapacitor monomer
QSC cellSuch as formula (5):
QSC cell=CSC cell·VSC cell (5)
Wherein, CSC cellFor the rated capacity of supercapacitor monomer, VSC cellFor the initial electricity of supercapacitor monomer
Pressure.
The electric current I of supercapacitor monomerSC cellSuch as formula (6):
The voltage U of supercapacitor monomerSC cellSuch as formula (7):
USC cell=VSC cell-RSC cell·ISC cell (7)
Wherein, RSC cellFor the equal series resistance of supercapacitor monomer.
The maximum power of supercapacitor supply electric carSuch as formula (8):
Wherein, M is the gross mass of electric car, taFor the acceleration time, V is the speed of electric car.
In general,I.e. when supercapacitor monomer existsWithBetween discharge
When, consume 75% storage energy, the ceiling capacity of supercapacitor transmissionSuch as formula (9):
Wherein,WithThe respectively minimum and maximum voltage of supercapacitor monomer, NeleFor super capacitor
The sum of device monomer,NpFor the quantity of serial connected super capacitor monomer, NSIt is in parallel super
The quantity of capacitor monomer；CeleFor the gross rated capacity of supercapacitor,For the maximum voltage of supercapacitor.
The working model of S12 fuel cell and supercapacitor establishes Boost and Buck- respectively
The working model of Boost work management control system under boost mode and decompression mode, wherein work as Buck-Boost
It is boost mode when the power of converter flows to high side pressure by the low-pressure side of supercapacitor, when bearing power is to supercapacitor
It is decompression mode when flow measurement is dynamic；
When One Buck-Boost converter body work in boost mode, working model (the i.e. shape of system of management control system
State equation) such as formula (10):
When One Buck-Boost converter body work in decompression mode, the working model of management control system such as formula (11):
S13 is established under boost mode and decompression mode according to Boost and One Buck-Boost converter body work
Working model further establish system working model, such as formula (12):
Wherein, k is binary variable, when One Buck-Boost converter body work is under boost mode, k=1；Work is being dropped
When under die pressing type, k=0.UFCFor the total voltage of fuel cell, IFCFor the electric current of fuel cell, VDCIt is female for preset direct current
Line voltage, USCFor the output voltage of supercapacitor, ISCFor the output electric current of supercapacitor, IDCFor DC bus current, IDC
=I0=I1+I2, wherein I1For the output electric current of Boost, I2For the output electric current of One Buck-Boost converter body, I0For
The electric current of inflow motor；ILoadFor load current, CfFor the capacity of filter capacitor；u1For the first control switch T1Control letter
Number, wherein u1It is connected when=1, u1It is disconnected when=0；u2For the second control switch T2Control signal, wherein u2It is connected when=1,
u2It is disconnected when=0；u3For third control switch T3Control signal, wherein u3It is connected when=1, u3It is disconnected when=0.
fc1、fc2And fc3Respectively first diode D1, the second diode D2And third diode D3State variable, it is assumed that
Boost and One Buck-Boost converter body work are in discrete state, to fc1、fc2And fc3As formula (13) define:
Wherein, IFC> 0 indicates IFCDirection and identical, I in Fig. 2 (direction of fuel cell output current)FC≤ 0 indicates
IFCDirection it is opposite with Fig. 2；ISC> 0 indicates ISCWith identical, I in Fig. 3 (current direction when supercapacitor is discharged)SC≤0
Indicate ISCDirection it is opposite with Fig. 3.
Load current ILoadDepending on the speed V of electric car, the overall power requirement P of electric carLoadSuch as formula (14):
Load current I under the output powerLoadSuch as formula (15):
Wherein, S is electric car front face area, CXFor coefficient of air resistance, ρaFor atmospheric density, frIt is normal for rolling resistance
Number, g are acceleration of gravity, and V is the speed of electric car；M is the gross mass of electric car, the quality including vehicle-mounted composite power source
And the quality of DC-DC power inverter (Boost and One Buck-Boost converter body).
Based on the system working model established using above step, during the work time, first determine whether that Buck-Boost becomes
The operating mode of parallel operation (is boosting when the power of One Buck-Boost converter body flows to high side pressure by the low-pressure side of supercapacitor
Mode is decompression mode when bearing power is dynamic to supercapacitor flow measurement), if its work gives k=1, obtains in boost mode
To the system working model of such as formula (10)；If its work gives k=0, obtains the system Working mould such as formula (11) in decompression mode
Type；Later, according to the load current I obtained in real timeLoad, given DC bus-bar voltage VDCAnd system working model control first
Control switch T1, the second control switch T2And third control switch T3On-off, realize in vehicle-mounted composite power source fuel cell and super
The accurate management of energy between grade capacitor.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of management control method of vehicle-mounted composite power source energy characterized by comprising
S10 establishes system working model according to the management control system of vehicle-mounted composite power source energy；
Wherein, the vehicle-mounted composite power source includes, for providing the fuel cell of energy and for providing the super capacitor of power
Device；In the management control system include the Boost connecting with fuel cell series and company of connecting with supercapacitor
The One Buck-Boost converter body connect；It include the first control switch in the Boost, in the One Buck-Boost converter body
Including the second control switch and third control switch；
S20 obtains load current when electric car operation in real time；
S30 controls the first control switch, the second control switch and third control switch according to load current and system working model
On-off, realize to fuel cell side output energy management and super capacitor side output power management.
2. management control method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that step S10, according to vehicle-mounted composite power source energy
Management control system establishes system working model:
S11 establishes working model to fuel cell and supercapacitor respectively；
The working model of S12 fuel cell and supercapacitor, establishes Boost respectively and Buck-Boost becomes
The working model of parallel operation work management control system under boost mode and decompression mode, wherein work as One Buck-Boost converter body
Power be boost mode when flowing to high side pressure by the low-pressure side of supercapacitor, when bearing power is dynamic to supercapacitor flow measurement
When be decompression mode；
The work that S13 is established under boost mode and decompression mode according to Boost and One Buck-Boost converter body work
Make model and further establishes system working model.
3. management control method as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that include the first filtering in the Boost
Inductance L1, the first control switch T1With first diode D1, wherein the first filter inductance L1One end and fuel cell anode
Connection, the other end and first diode D1Anode connection；First diode D1Cathode and motor direct-flow input end connect
It connects；First control switch T1Collector and first diode D1Anode connection, emitter ground connection, base stage be on-off control terminal.
4. management control method as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that include second in the One Buck-Boost converter body
Control switch T2, third control switch T3, the second filter inductance L2, the second diode D2And third diode D3, wherein the second filter
Wave inductance L2One end and the anode connection of supercapacitor, the other end and third control switch T3Emitter connection；Third control
Make switch T3Collector and motor direct-flow input end connection, base stage be on-off control terminal；Second control switch T2Current collection
Pole and third control switch T3Emitter connection, emitter ground connection, base stage be on-off control terminal；Second diode D2It is connected in parallel on
Second control switch T2Both ends, and anode and the second control switch T2Emitter connection, cathode and collector connect；Three or two
Pole pipe D3It is connected in parallel on third control switch T3Both ends, and anode and third control switch T3Emitter connection, cathode and collector
Connection.
5. management control method as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that in step S12, when One Buck-Boost converter body work
Make the working model of management control system in boost mode are as follows:
Wherein, UFCFor the total voltage of fuel cell, IFCFor the electric current of fuel cell, VDCFor DC bus-bar voltage, USCFor super electricity
The output voltage of container, ISCFor the output electric current of supercapacitor, IDCFor DC bus current, ILoadFor load current, CfFor
The capacity of filter capacitor；u1For the first control switch T1Control signal, wherein u1It is connected when=1, u1It is disconnected when=0；u2It is
Two control switch T2Control signal, wherein u2It is connected when=1, u2It is disconnected when=0；fc1And fc2Respectively first diode D1With
Second diode D2State variable, wherein
6. management control method as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that in step S12, when One Buck-Boost converter body work
Make the working model of management control system in decompression mode are as follows:
Wherein, u3For third control switch T3Control signal, wherein u3It is connected when=1, u3It is disconnected when=0；fc3It is the three or two
Pole pipe D3State variable,
7. management control method as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that in step S14, according to One Buck-Boost converter body
The system working model that the working model established under boost mode and decompression mode that works is established are as follows:
Wherein, k is binary variable, when One Buck-Boost converter body work is under boost mode, k=1；Work is in decompression mould
When under formula, k=0.
8. the management control method as described in claim 5-7 any one, which is characterized in that the load current on output power
ILoadAre as follows:
Wherein, S is electric car front face area, CXFor coefficient of air resistance, ρaFor atmospheric density, frFor rolling resistance constant, g
For acceleration of gravity, V is the speed of electric car, and M is the gross mass of electric car.
9. the management control method as described in claim 2-6 any one, which is characterized in that step S11, the work of fuel cell
Make model are as follows:
Wherein, UFCFor the total voltage of fuel cell, the fuel cell is the battery pack series-parallel by multiple battery cells, Vcell
The voltage of battery cell, E are monomer reciprocal circuit voltage, RcellFor the ohmic loss of battery cell, IpacFor battery pack electricity in parallel
Stream, A are Ta Feier coefficient, IcellFor the leakage current of battery cell；
In the fuel cell, series-connected cell numberAre as follows:
Wherein, VDCFor DC bus-bar voltage, EcellFor the limitation voltage of battery cell；
Batteries in parallel connection numberAre as follows:
Wherein,For the maximum power of fuel cell,For the maximum power of battery cell.
10. the management control method as described in claim 2-6 any one, which is characterized in that step S11, supercapacitor
Working model are as follows:
Wherein,The maximum power of electric car is supplied for supercapacitor, M is the gross mass of electric car, taWhen to accelerate
Between, V is the speed of electric car；
Supercapacitor monomer existsWithBetween when discharging, the ceiling capacity of supercapacitor transmissionAre as follows:
Wherein,WithThe respectively minimum and maximum voltage of supercapacitor monomer, andNeleFor the sum of supercapacitor monomer, CeleFor the gross rated capacity of supercapacitor,For
The maximum voltage of supercapacitor；
The total N of supercapacitor monomereleAre as follows:
Wherein, NpFor the quantity of serial connected super capacitor monomer, NSFor the quantity of super capacitors in parallel monomer.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115117973A (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2022-09-27 | 首凯汽车零部件（江苏）有限公司 | Voltage superposition type composite power supply system |
| CN115117973B (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2023-09-26 | 首凯高科技(江苏)有限公司 | Voltage superposition type composite power supply system |
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| CN109532517B (en) | 2020-09-15 |
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