CN115114227A - Electromagnetic transient real-time simulation device and system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The application discloses electromagnetism transient state real-time simulation device and system, the device includes the unit level, the simulation module of three level of station level and electric wire netting level, the little step real-time simulation below 5 microseconds can be realized to the first FPGA set of unit level simulation module, the simulation demand that novel electric power system becomes more meticulous has been satisfied, the big step real-time simulation above 20 microseconds can be realized to the first CPU set of station level simulation module, the little step real-time simulation below 5 microseconds can be realized to the second FPGA, novel electric power system scale and the simulation demand that becomes more meticulous have been compromise, the big step real-time simulation above 20 microseconds can be realized to the second CPU set of electric wire netting level simulation module, novel electric power system scale simulation demand has been satisfied. Obviously, the simulation module that this application possesses unit level, station level and three level of electric wire netting level, big, little step length all have corresponding simulation module to simulate, have compromise the demand and the simulation precision demand of novel electric power system simulation scale simultaneously.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of electromagnetic transient real-time simulation technologies, and more particularly, to an electromagnetic transient real-time simulation apparatus and system.
Background
The real-time simulation of the power system is an effective means for recognizing the characteristics of the power system, supporting the research, planning, operation, production and equipment manufacture of the power system and ensuring the safe and reliable operation of the power system. Along with novel electric power system's construction, a large amount of new forms of energy and power electronic equipment scale access electric wire netting, system scale sharply increases, and the emulation step length is showing and is reducing, and prior art's defect is more and more obvious: firstly, the existing power system real-time simulation method aims at modeling a power grid with a voltage level of 220kV or above, but a large amount of new energy is connected into the power grid with a voltage level of 110kV, and the existing power system real-time simulation model cannot meet the requirement of simulation scale; secondly, the existing real-time simulation model of the power system does not perform refined modeling on new energy and power electronic equipment, and the requirement of refined simulation is difficult to meet.
How to consider both the simulation scale and the simulation precision of a novel power system on the premise of limited computational power is a problem which needs to be focused.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present application provides an electromagnetic transient real-time simulation apparatus and system, which are used for considering both the simulation scale and the simulation precision of a novel power system on the premise of limited computational power.
In order to achieve the above object, the following solutions are proposed:
an electromagnetic transient real-time simulation device comprises a power grid-level simulation module, a station-level simulation module and a unit-level simulation module;
the unit-level simulation module is formed based on a first FPGA set, the first FPGA set is composed of a plurality of first FPGA modules, each first FPGA module is composed of a plurality of interconnected FPGAs, and the first FPGA set is used for realizing real-time simulation with a small step length of less than 5 microseconds;
the field station level simulation module is composed of a first CPU set and a second FPGA set, the first CPU set is composed of a plurality of first CPUs, each first CPU is composed of a plurality of computing cores, the first CPU set is used for realizing large-step-size real-time simulation of more than 20 microseconds, the second FPGA set is composed of a plurality of second FPGA modules, each second FPGA module is composed of a plurality of interconnected FPGAs, the second FPGA is used for realizing small-step-size real-time simulation of less than 5 microseconds, and the first CPU and the second FPGA modules are interconnected;
the grid-level simulation module is formed on the basis of a second CPU set, the second CPU set is composed of a plurality of second CPUs, each second CPU is composed of a plurality of computing cores, and the second CPU set is used for realizing large-step-size real-time simulation of more than 20 microseconds.
Preferably, the simulation scale of the unit-level simulation module is the sum of the simulation scales of the FPGAs in the first FPGA set;
the calculation formula of the simulation scale of the unit-level simulation module is as follows:
wherein, C unit Is the simulation scale of the unit-level simulation module, n is the number of the first FPGA module, a unit-i The number of interconnected FPGAs in the ith first FPGA module, C FPGA The scale is simulated for a single FPGA.
Preferably, the simulation scale of the station-level simulation module is the sum of the simulation scale of each CPU in the first CPU set and the simulation scale of each FPGA in the first FPGA set;
the calculation formula of the simulation scale of the station-level simulation module is as follows:
wherein, C station For the simulation scale, m, of the station-level simulation module 1 The number of the CPUs in the first CPU set, b station-i The number of computing cores in the ith CPU in the first CPU set, C CPU For simulation scale, k, of a single computational core in a single CPU j The number of second FPGA modules interconnected with the jth CPU, a station-i The number of interconnected FPGAs in the ith second FPGA module, C FPGA The scale is simulated for a single FPGA.
Preferably, the simulation scale of the grid-level simulation module is the sum of the simulation scales of the CPUs in the second CPU set;
the calculation formula of the simulation scale of the power grid-level simulation module is as follows:
wherein, C grid Is the simulation scale, m, of the grid-level simulation module 2 The number of the CPUs in the second CPU set, b grid-i The number of computing cores in the ith CPU in the second CPU set, C CPU The simulation scale of a single compute core in a single CPU.
Preferably, the first CPU and the second FPGA module that are interconnected communicate with each other through PCIE.
Preferably, the step size of the real-time simulation of the first FPGA set is any step size in a range of 0.5 microseconds to 5 microseconds.
Preferably, the step size of the real-time simulation of the first CPU set is any step size in the range of 20 microseconds to 100 microseconds;
the step size of the real-time simulation of the second FPGA set is any step size within the range of 0.5 microsecond to 5 microseconds.
Preferably, the step size of the real-time simulation of the second CPU set is any step size in the range of 20 microseconds to 100 microseconds.
An electromagnetic transient real-time simulation system, comprising: the electromagnetic transient real-time simulation device, the monitoring module, the wave recording module, the waveform analysis module and the timing module;
the monitoring module is used for monitoring the target monitoring quantity specified by the user in the electromagnetic transient real-time simulation process;
the wave recording module is used for visually displaying the target monitoring quantity and storing the display result of the target monitoring quantity;
the waveform analysis module is used for reading the display result of the target monitoring quantity so as to analyze the display result of the target monitoring quantity according to a set condition by a user;
and the timing module is used for recording the time consumption of each link in the electromagnetic transient real-time simulation process and displaying and recording the time consumption.
Preferably, the simulation scale of the electromagnetic transient real-time simulation device is the sum of the simulation scales of a unit-level simulation module, a station-level simulation module and a grid-level simulation module of the device;
the calculation formula of the simulation scale of the electromagnetic transient real-time simulation device is as follows:
wherein, C total For the simulation scale of the electromagnetic transient real-time simulation device, C CPU For the simulation size, m, of individual computational cores in a single CPU 1 The number of CPU of the station level simulation module, m 2 Number of CPUs of a grid-level simulation module, b station-i For the number of cores in the i-th CPU of the station-level simulation module, b grid-i For the number of cores, C, in the ith CPU of the grid-level simulation module FPGA For a single FPGA simulation scale, k j Is interconnected with the jth CPU and is the FPGA module number in the field station level simulation module, a station-i The number of interconnected FPGAs in the ith FPGA module in the station level simulation module, n is the number of FPGA modules in the unit level simulation module, a unit-i The number of interconnected FPGAs in the ith FPGA module in the unit-level simulation module.
According to the scheme, the electromagnetic transient real-time simulation device comprises simulation modules of three levels of a unit level, a station level and a power grid level, the first FPGA set of the unit level simulation module can realize the small-step real-time simulation of less than 5 microseconds, the requirement for the fine simulation of a novel power system is met, the first CPU set of the station level simulation module can realize the large-step real-time simulation of more than 20 microseconds, the second FPGA can realize the small-step real-time simulation of less than 5 microseconds, the requirements for the large-scale and fine simulation of the novel power system are met, the second CPU set of the power grid level simulation module can realize the large-step real-time simulation of more than 20 microseconds, and the requirement for the large-scale simulation of the novel power system is met.
Obviously, the simulation module of three levels of unit level, station level and power grid level is possessed in this application, and big, little step length all have corresponding simulation module to simulate, have compromise the demand and the simulation accuracy demand of novel electric power system simulation scale simultaneously.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electromagnetic transient real-time simulation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electromagnetic transient real-time simulation apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present application, the apparatus includes a grid-level simulation module, a station-level simulation module, and a unit-level simulation module, and each simulation module is described below.
The unit-level simulation module is formed based on a first FPGA set, the first FPGA set is composed of a plurality of first FPGA modules, each first FPGA module is composed of a plurality of interconnected FPGAs, and the first FPGA set is used for realizing real-time simulation with small step length of less than 5 microseconds.
Further, the step size of the real-time simulation of the first FPGA set may be any step size in a range of 0.5 microseconds to 5 microseconds.
In addition, the FPGA in the unit-level simulation module can expand the simulation scale in an interconnection mode.
The simulation scale of the unit-level simulation module may be the sum of the simulation scales of the FPGAs in the first FPGA set, and the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein, C unit Can be the simulation scale of the unit-level simulation module, n can be the number of the first FPGA module, a unit-i The number of interconnected FPGAs in the ith first FPGA module can be C FPGA It can be a single FPGA simulation scale.
Because the unit-level simulation module can realize simulation of any step length within the range of 0.5 microsecond to 5 microseconds, the refined simulation requirement of a novel power system can be met. Thus, a unit-level real-time simulation model may be built based on unit-level simulation modules, examples being: a full-topology detailed model of new energy, a full-topology detailed model of power electronic equipment and the like, and other unit-level simulation models.
The unit-level real-time simulation model can be mainly used for small-step fine real-time simulation of new energy and power electronic equipment, simulates the characteristics of the new energy and the power electronic equipment, and provides support for grid-connected operation and control of the new energy.
The field station level simulation module is composed of a first CPU set and a second FPGA set, the first CPU set is composed of a plurality of first CPUs, each first CPU is composed of a plurality of computing cores, the first CPU set is used for realizing large-step-size real-time simulation of more than 20 microseconds, the second FPGA set is composed of a plurality of second FPGA modules, each second FPGA module is composed of a plurality of interconnected FPGAs, and the second FPGA is used for realizing small-step-size real-time simulation of less than 5 microseconds.
Further, the step size of the real-time simulation of the first CPU set may be any step size in the range of 20 microseconds to 100 microseconds, and the step size of the real-time simulation of the second FPGA set may be any step size in the range of 0.5 microseconds to 5 microseconds.
In order to enlarge the simulation scale, the first CPU and the second FPGA module can be interconnected, and the interconnected first CPU and the second FPGA module can be communicated through PCIE.
The simulation scale of the station-level simulation module may be the sum of the simulation scale of each CPU in the first CPU set and the simulation scale of each FPGA in the first FPGA set, and the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein, C station Can be the simulation scale of the station level simulation module, m 1 May be the number of CPUs in the first set of CPUs, b station-i May be the number of computational cores in the ith CPU in the first set of CPUs, C CPU For simulation scale, k, of a single computational core in a single CPU j The number of the second FPGA module which is interconnected with the jth CPU can be a station-i The number of interconnected FPGAs in the ith second FPGA module can be C FPGA It can be a single FPGA simulation scale.
As the station-level simulation module can realize simulation of any step length within the range of 0.5 microsecond to 5 microseconds and any step length within the range of 20 microseconds to 100 microseconds, the fine simulation requirement and the large-scale simulation requirement of the novel power system can be considered. Thus, a site-level real-time simulation model may be built based on site-level simulation modules, such as: the system comprises a line model, a generator model, a transformer model, a load model, a new energy source, a power electronic equipment model and the like, wherein the new energy source and the power electronic equipment can adopt an equivalent model, and the equivalent model keeps the external characteristics of the new energy source and the power electronic equipment.
The station-level real-time simulation model can be mainly used for real-time simulation of a local power grid, simulation of the operation characteristics of the local power grid, optimization of a system control operation strategy, development of accident analysis and formulation of a countermeasure.
The grid-level simulation module is formed on the basis of a second CPU set, the second CPU set is composed of a plurality of second CPUs, each second CPU is composed of a plurality of computing cores, and the second CPU set is used for realizing large-step-size real-time simulation of more than 20 microseconds.
Further, the step size for the real-time simulation of the second set of CPUs may be any step size in the range of 20 microseconds to 100 microseconds.
In addition, the simulation scale can be enlarged by interconnecting the second CPUs.
The simulation scale of the grid-level simulation module may be the sum of the simulation scales of the CPUs in the second CPU set, and the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein, C grid Can be the simulation scale of the power grid-level simulation module, m 2 May be the number of CPUs in the second set of CPUs, b grid-i May be the number of computational cores in the ith CPU in the second set of CPUs, C CPU May be the simulation size of a single compute core in a single CPU.
Because the power grid-level simulation module can realize any step length within the range of 20 microseconds to 100 microseconds, the large-scale simulation requirement of a novel power system can be met. Thus, a grid-level real-time simulation model may be built based on the grid-level simulation modules, examples being: the voltage classes of 110kV and above comprise line models with different voltage classes, equivalent station models with different voltage classes, load models with different voltage classes, new energy equivalent models and the like. The equivalent station models with different voltage levels can be a plurality of equivalent station models respectively equivalent to line models, generator models, transformer models, load models, new energy, power electronic equipment equivalent models and the like contained in the real-time station level simulation models according to actual requirements.
The power grid level model can be mainly used for carrying out real-time simulation on the whole power system, simulating the running characteristics of the whole power grid, guiding direct-current engineering construction, supporting large power grid running decision, optimizing system control operation strategies, carrying out accident analysis and making corresponding measures.
The application provides a multi-level electromagnetic transient real-time simulation device for a novel power system, which comprises a power grid-station-unit three-level simulation module and can meet the requirements of simulation scale and simulation precision of the novel power system. In addition, simulation scale calculation formulas of the power grid-level simulation module, the station-level simulation module and the unit-level simulation module are provided, and the simulation scale can be effectively evaluated and the simulation calculation power can be reasonably distributed based on the simulation scale calculation formulas.
The present application further provides an electromagnetic transient real-time simulation system, which may include: the electromagnetic transient real-time simulation device comprises a monitoring module, a wave recording module, a waveform analysis module and a timing module.
Specifically, the components of each module and the description of each module of the electromagnetic transient real-time simulation apparatus can refer to the above description, and are not described herein again.
And the monitoring module can be used for monitoring the target monitoring amount specified by the user in the electromagnetic transient real-time simulation process.
Specifically, the monitoring module may monitor the target amount specified by the user in the simulation process, for example: the voltage, current, etc. set the monitoring points so that the user can visually read the monitoring points.
Because the simulation process is essentially calculation and involves extremely huge data volume, users generally only care about extremely small quantity of the data volume, and in order to enable the users to know about the monitoring volume, monitoring points can be set for extracting and storing the data of interest, so that the users can conveniently check and analyze the data.
And the wave recording module can be used for visually displaying the target monitoring amount and storing the display result of the target monitoring amount.
Specifically, the wave recording module may show, for example, a target monitoring amount specified by a user in the simulation process: and storing the voltage, the current and the like in real time, and carrying out visual display so that a user can observe the concerned simulation quantity in real time.
The visual display of the target monitoring amount may be a graphical, numerical, or waveform display of the target monitoring amount.
And the waveform analysis module can be used for reading the display result of the target monitoring quantity so as to analyze the display result of the target monitoring quantity according to the set condition by a user.
Specifically, the waveform analysis module may read data stored by the wave recording module, according to a theorem or a method related to the power system, for example: ohm's theorem, park's transformation, symmetry component method, etc. to process the stored data for the user to carry out high-level analysis.
And the timing module can be used for recording the time consumption of each link in the electromagnetic transient real-time simulation process and displaying and recording the time consumption.
Specifically, the timing module may record the time consumption of each link in the simulation process through a high-precision clock, and the links in the simulation process may include: historical current solving, node admittance matrix solving, node voltage solving, secondary control solving, communication delay, system jitter and the like, and the recorded time of each link is visually displayed for a user to refer and position faults and make related counter measures according to the faults.
Next, the simulation scale of the electromagnetic transient real-time simulation device of the above system will be described.
The simulation scale of the electromagnetic transient real-time simulation device of the above system may be the sum of the simulation scales of the unit-level simulation module, the station-level simulation module and the grid-level simulation module of the device, and the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein, C total Can be the simulation scale of the electromagnetic transient real-time simulation device, C CPU Can be the simulation scale, m, of each computational core in a single CPU 1 The number of CPUs which can be the station level simulation module, m 2 Number of CPUs which may be a grid-level simulation module, b station-i The number of computational cores in the i-th CPU, which may be a site-level simulation module, b grid-i The number of computational cores in the ith CPU, which may be a grid-level simulation module, C FPGA Can be a single FPGA simulation scale, k j Can be interconnected with the jth CPU and is the FPGA module number in the field station level simulation module, a station-i The number of interconnected FPGAs in the ith FPGA module in the station level simulation module can be used, n can be the number of FPGA modules in the unit level simulation module, and a unit-i The number of interconnected FPGAs in the ith FPGA module in the unit-level simulation module can be increased.
The invention provides an electromagnetic transient real-time simulation system which has the real-time simulation functions of three levels of a power grid, a station and a unit, and also has multiple functions of monitoring, wave recording, waveform analysis, timing and the like, and can support the development and construction of a novel power system.
Finally, it should also be noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. An electromagnetic transient real-time simulation device is characterized by comprising a power grid-level simulation module, a station-level simulation module and a unit-level simulation module;
the unit-level simulation module is formed based on a first FPGA set, the first FPGA set is composed of a plurality of first FPGA modules, each first FPGA module is composed of a plurality of interconnected FPGAs, and the first FPGA set is used for realizing real-time simulation with a small step length of less than 5 microseconds;
the field station level simulation module is composed of a first CPU set and a second FPGA set, the first CPU set is composed of a plurality of first CPUs, each first CPU is composed of a plurality of computing cores, the first CPU set is used for realizing large-step-size real-time simulation of more than 20 microseconds, the second FPGA set is composed of a plurality of second FPGA modules, each second FPGA module is composed of a plurality of interconnected FPGAs, the second FPGA is used for realizing small-step-size real-time simulation of less than 5 microseconds, and the first CPU and the second FPGA modules are interconnected;
the grid-level simulation module is formed on the basis of a second CPU set, the second CPU set is composed of a plurality of second CPUs, each second CPU is composed of a plurality of computing cores, and the second CPU set is used for realizing large-step-size real-time simulation of more than 20 microseconds.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the simulation size of the unit-level simulation module is a sum of the simulation sizes of the FPGAs in the first set of FPGAs;
the calculation formula of the simulation scale of the unit-level simulation module is as follows:
wherein, C unit Is the simulation scale of the unit-level simulation module, n is the number of the first FPGA module, a unit-i The number of interconnected FPGAs in the ith first FPGA module, C FPGA The simulation scale is a single FPGA.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the simulation size of the site-level simulation module is a sum of the simulation size of each CPU in the first set of CPUs and the simulation size of each FPGA in the first set of FPGAs;
the calculation formula of the simulation scale of the station level simulation module is as follows:
wherein, C station For the simulation scale, m, of the station-level simulation module 1 The number of the CPUs in the first CPU set, b station-i The number of computing cores in the ith CPU in the first CPU set, C CPU For simulation scale, k, of a single computational core in a single CPU j The number of second FPGA modules interconnected with the jth CPU, a station-i The number of interconnected FPGAs in the ith second FPGA module, C FPGA The scale is simulated for a single FPGA.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the simulation size of the grid-level simulation module is a sum of the simulation sizes of the CPUs of the second CPU set;
the calculation formula of the simulation scale of the power grid-level simulation module is as follows:
wherein, C grid Is the simulation scale, m, of the grid-level simulation module 2 The number of the CPUs in the second CPU set, b grid-i The number of computing cores in the ith CPU in the second CPU set, C CPU The simulation scale of a single compute core in a single CPU.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first CPU and the second FPGA module that are interconnected communicate with each other via PCIE.
6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the step size for the first set of FPGAs real-time emulation is any step size in the range of 0.5 microseconds to 5 microseconds.
7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the step size of the real-time simulation of the first CPU set is any step size in a range of 20 microseconds to 100 microseconds;
the step size of the real-time simulation of the second FPGA set is any step size within the range of 0.5 microsecond to 5 microseconds.
8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the step size for real-time emulation by the second set of CPUs is any step size in the range of 20 microseconds to 100 microseconds.
9. An electromagnetic transient real-time simulation system, comprising: the electromagnetic transient real-time simulation device of any one of claims 1-8, the monitoring module, the wave recording module, the waveform analysis module, the timing module;
the monitoring module is used for monitoring a target monitoring amount specified by a user in the electromagnetic transient real-time simulation process;
the wave recording module is used for visually displaying the target monitoring quantity and storing the display result of the target monitoring quantity;
the waveform analysis module is used for reading the display result of the target monitoring quantity so as to analyze the display result of the target monitoring quantity according to a set condition by a user;
and the timing module is used for recording the time consumption of each link in the electromagnetic transient real-time simulation process and displaying and recording the time consumption.
10. The system of claim 9, wherein the simulation scale of the electromagnetic transient real-time simulation device is the sum of the simulation scales of the unit-level simulation module, the site-level simulation module, and the grid-level simulation module of the device;
the calculation formula of the simulation scale of the electromagnetic transient real-time simulation device is as follows:
wherein, C total For the simulation scale of the electromagnetic transient real-time simulation device, C CPU For the simulation size, m, of a single computational core in a single CPU 1 The number of CPU of the station level simulation module, m 2 Number of CPUs of a grid-level simulation module, b station-i For the number of cores in the i-th CPU of the station-level simulation module, b grid-i For the number of cores in the ith CPU of the grid-level simulation module, C FPGA For a single FPGA simulation scale, k j Is interconnected with the jth CPU and is the FPGA module number in the field station level simulation module, a station-i The number of interconnected FPGAs in the ith FPGA module in the station level simulation module, n is the number of FPGA modules in the unit level simulation module, a unit-i The number of the interconnected FPGAs in the ith FPGA module in the unit-level simulation module.
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