CN115110086A - 一种常温6061铝光亮酸洗液 - Google Patents
一种常温6061铝光亮酸洗液 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 229910001094 6061 aluminium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- -1 quaternary ammonium salt modified graphene Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-GPIVLXJGSA-N Inositol-hexakisphosphate Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)O[C@H]1[C@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H]1OP(O)(O)=O IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-GPIVLXJGSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phytic acid Natural products OP(O)(=O)OC1C(OP(O)(O)=O)C(OP(O)(O)=O)C(OP(O)(O)=O)C(OP(O)(O)=O)C1OP(O)(O)=O IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P ammonium molybdate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229940010552 ammonium molybdate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000018660 ammonium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011609 ammonium molybdate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- LNOPIUAQISRISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-hydroxy-2-propan-2-ylsulfonylethanimidamide Chemical compound CC(C)S(=O)(=O)CC(N)=NO LNOPIUAQISRISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000467 phytic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229940068041 phytic acid Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000002949 phytic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- JBIROUFYLSSYDX-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzododecinium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 JBIROUFYLSSYDX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 229940051841 polyoxyethylene ether Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000056 polyoxyethylene ether Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003109 Disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- ZGTMUACCHSMWAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L EDTA disodium salt (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OC(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC([O-])=O ZGTMUACCHSMWAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019301 disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylenetetramine Chemical compound C1N(C2)CN3CN1CN2C3 VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000643 oven drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nonylphenol Natural products CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012964 benzotriazole Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- OCBHHZMJRVXXQK-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzyl-dimethyl-tetradecylazanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 OCBHHZMJRVXXQK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- SXPWTBGAZSPLHA-UHFFFAOYSA-M cetalkonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 SXPWTBGAZSPLHA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960000228 cetalkonium chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010299 hexamethylene tetramine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZNCPFRVNHGOPAG-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium oxalate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O ZNCPFRVNHGOPAG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940039790 sodium oxalate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 22
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 4
- DUIOKRXOKLLURE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-octylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O DUIOKRXOKLLURE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical group [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005282 brightening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021110 pickles Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/02—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions
- C23G1/12—Light metals
- C23G1/125—Light metals aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/40—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing molybdates, tungstates or vanadates
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- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/02—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions
- C23G1/04—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions using inhibitors
- C23G1/06—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions using inhibitors organic inhibitors
- C23G1/063—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions using inhibitors organic inhibitors heterocyclic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/02—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions
- C23G1/04—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions using inhibitors
- C23G1/06—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions using inhibitors organic inhibitors
- C23G1/068—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions using inhibitors organic inhibitors compounds containing a C=C bond
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种常温6061铝光亮酸洗液,包括一次酸洗液和二次酸洗液;一次酸洗液包括下述重量百分比的组分:硝酸0.5‑1%、柠檬酸1‑2%、植酸0.3‑0.5%、光亮剂0.1‑0.3%、螯合剂0.1‑0.5%、表面活性剂0.1‑0.5%、余量为水;二次酸洗液包括下述重量百分比的组分:硝酸1.5‑3%、柠檬酸1‑2%、氨基磺酸0.3‑0.5%、钼酸铵0.3‑0.5%、光亮剂0.2‑0.5%、缓蚀剂0.1‑0.2%、季铵盐改性氧化石墨烯0.005‑0.1%、余量为水。采用本发明的酸洗液和酸洗方法对6061铝合金进行酸洗处理,使处理后的铝合金不仅具有优良的耐腐蚀性能,而且能够保有色泽均匀的外观效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及金属表面处理技术领域,尤其涉及一种常温6061铝光亮酸洗液。
背景技术
6061铝合金的主要合金元素是镁与硅,并以Mg2Si相为强化相,具有高韧性和极佳的加工性能,易于抛光、焊接、电镀,广泛应用于装饰、包装、建筑、运输、电子、航空、航天、兵器等各行各业,尤其适用于要求有一定强度和抗蚀性高的领域。但是,铝合金性质活泼,为了提高铝合金的使用性能和使用寿命,在加工成型之前,往往需要对其进行一定的表面处理,从而提高铝合金的耐腐蚀性能。酸洗工艺是常用的一种铝合金的表面处理方式,经过酸洗可以在铝合金表面形成具有致密的膜层,从而达到提高铝合金表面耐腐蚀性能的目的,但是,由于6061铝合金中的硅含量偏高,如果酸洗不充分,酸洗后的铝合金表面金属光泽较低,而且光泽均匀性较差,而过腐蚀酸洗后铝合金容易发黑发暗。因此,为了满足6061铝合金对外观效果和耐腐蚀性能的要求,需要开发一种适用于6061铝合金的常温光亮酸洗液。
发明内容
本发明目的就是为了弥补已有技术的缺陷,提供一种常温6061铝光亮酸洗液。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的:
一种常温6061铝光亮酸洗液,包括一次酸洗液和二次酸洗液;所述一次酸洗液包括下述重量百分比的组分:硝酸0.5-1%、柠檬酸1-2%、植酸0.3-0.5%、光亮剂0.1-0.3%、螯合剂0.1-0.5%、表面活性剂0.1-0.5%、余量为水;所述二次酸洗液包括下述重量百分比的组分:硝酸1.5-3%、柠檬酸1-2%、氨基磺酸0.3-0.5%、钼酸铵0.3-0.5%、光亮剂0.2-0.5%、缓蚀剂0.1-0.2%、季铵盐改性氧化石墨烯0.005-0.1%、余量为水。
优选地,所述季铵盐改性氧化石墨烯是以季铵盐对氧化石墨烯进行插层改性得到。
优选地,所述季铵盐为十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵、十四烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵、十六烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵中的一种或者多种。
优选地,所述季铵盐改性氧化石墨烯的制备方法为:将氧化石墨烯加入pH为8-9的氨水溶液中分散均匀,然后加入季铵盐搅拌反应,然后离心、干燥,即得。
优选地,所述搅拌反应的温度为20-30℃,时间为2-5h。
优选地,所述氧化石墨烯与季铵盐的重量比为1:(1-3),氧化石墨烯与氨水溶液的比例为1g:(100-200)mL。
优选地,所述光亮剂为丁炔二醇;所述螯合剂为乙二胺四乙酸二钠、草酸钠中的一种或者多种;所述表面活性剂为壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚、辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚、十二烷基硫酸钠中的一种或者多种;缓蚀剂为乌洛托品、苯并三氮唑中的一种或者多种。
一种6061铝合金的酸洗方法,采用所述的常温6061铝光亮酸洗液进行酸洗处理,具体步骤包括:
(1)将6061铝合金置于一次酸洗液中,在20-30℃下浸泡处理10-20min,然后取出,在水中超声清洗,烘干;
(2)将步骤(1)处理后的6061铝合金置于二次酸洗液中,在20-30℃下浸泡处理5-15min,然后取出,在水中超声清洗,烘干,即可。
本发明的优点是:
本发明采用二次酸洗法对6061铝合金进行酸洗,其中,一次酸洗液是以较低浓度的硝酸、柠檬酸和植酸作为混合酸,加入光亮剂以保持铝合金的光泽,螯合剂和表面活性剂以更好地去除铝合金表面的油污、氧化皮等残留杂质,一次酸洗由于浓度较低,其作用主要是对6061铝合金表面进行初步清洗以去除杂质,同时还能在铝合金表面形成疏松的保护层以保护其在二次酸洗中不因为腐蚀速率过快而发生过度腐蚀或者造成含硅组织偏析;二次酸洗是以较高浓度的硝酸、柠檬酸和氨基磺酸作为混合酸,其腐蚀效率高于一次酸洗,因此,为了使腐蚀反应更为稳定,在其中加入光亮剂以保持铝合金的光泽,加入钼酸铵和缓蚀剂以促进铝合金基体表面钝化膜的形成,还加入适量的季铵盐改性氧化石墨烯,由于氯化铵基团含氮原子,能够更好地吸附在基材表面,从而起到增强钝化膜的效果,避免腐蚀过快而导致含硅组织偏析使铝合金颜色发乌。因此,采用本发明的酸洗液和酸洗方法对6061铝合金进行酸洗处理,使处理后的铝合金不仅具有优良的耐腐蚀性能,而且能够保有色泽均匀的外观效果。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种常温6061铝光亮酸洗液,包括一次酸洗液和二次酸洗液;其中一次酸洗液包括下述重量百分比的组分:硝酸0.5%、柠檬酸1%、植酸0.5%、丁炔二醇0.1%、乙二胺四乙酸二钠0.1%、辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚0.1%、余量为水;所述二次酸洗液包括下述重量百分比的组分:硝酸1.5%、柠檬酸2%、氨基磺酸0.5%、钼酸铵0.3%、丁炔二醇0.2%、乌洛托品0.1%、季铵盐改性氧化石墨烯0.005%、余量为水。
其中,季铵盐改性氧化石墨烯的制备方法为:将氧化石墨烯加入pH为8-9的氨水溶液中分散均匀,然后加入十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵在20℃下搅拌反应2h,然后离心、干燥,即得,其中氧化石墨烯与十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵的重量比为1:1,氧化石墨烯与氨水溶液的比例为1g:100mL。
一种6061铝合金的酸洗方法,采用所述的常温6061铝光亮酸洗液进行酸洗处理,具体步骤包括:
(1)将6061铝合金置于一次酸洗液中,在20℃下浸泡处理10min,然后取出,在水中超声清洗,烘干;
(2)将步骤(1)处理后的6061铝合金置于二次酸洗液中,在20℃下浸泡处理5min,然后取出,在水中超声清洗,烘干,即可。
实施例2
一种常温6061铝光亮酸洗液,包括一次酸洗液和二次酸洗液;其中一次酸洗液包括下述重量百分比的组分:硝酸1%、柠檬酸2%、植酸0.3%、丁炔二醇0.3%、乙二胺四乙酸二钠0.5%、辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚0.5%、余量为水;所述二次酸洗液包括下述重量百分比的组分:硝酸3%、柠檬酸1%、氨基磺酸0.3%、钼酸铵0.5%、丁炔二醇0.5%、乌洛托品0.2%、季铵盐改性氧化石墨烯0.1%、余量为水。
其中,季铵盐改性氧化石墨烯的制备方法为:将氧化石墨烯加入pH为9的氨水溶液中分散均匀,然后加入十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵在30℃下搅拌反应5h,然后离心、干燥,即得,其中氧化石墨烯与十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵的重量比为1:3,氧化石墨烯与氨水溶液的比例为1g:200mL。
一种6061铝合金的酸洗方法,采用所述的常温6061铝光亮酸洗液进行酸洗处理,具体步骤包括:
(1)将6061铝合金置于一次酸洗液中,在30℃下浸泡处理20min,然后取出,在水中超声清洗,烘干;
(2)将步骤(1)处理后的6061铝合金置于二次酸洗液中,在30℃下浸泡处理15min,然后取出,在水中超声清洗,烘干,即可。
实施例3
一种常温6061铝光亮酸洗液,包括一次酸洗液和二次酸洗液;其中一次酸洗液包括下述重量百分比的组分:硝酸0.6%、柠檬酸1.5%、植酸0.4%、丁炔二醇0.2%、乙二胺四乙酸二钠0.3%、辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚0.3%、余量为水;所述二次酸洗液包括下述重量百分比的组分:硝酸2%、柠檬酸1.5%、氨基磺酸0.4%、钼酸铵0.4%、丁炔二醇0.3%、乌洛托品0.15%、季铵盐改性氧化石墨烯0.008%、余量为水。
其中,季铵盐改性氧化石墨烯的制备方法为:将氧化石墨烯加入pH为8.5的氨水溶液中分散均匀,然后加入十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵在25℃下搅拌反应3h,然后离心、干燥,即得,其中氧化石墨烯与十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵的重量比为1:2,氧化石墨烯与氨水溶液的比例为1g:150mL。
一种6061铝合金的酸洗方法,采用所述的常温6061铝光亮酸洗液进行酸洗处理,具体步骤包括:
(1)将6061铝合金置于一次酸洗液中,在25℃下浸泡处理15min,然后取出,在水中超声清洗,烘干;
(2)将步骤(1)处理后的6061铝合金置于二次酸洗液中,在25℃下浸泡处理10min,然后取出,在水中超声清洗,烘干,即可。
对比例1
一种常温6061铝光亮酸洗液,包括下述重量百分比的组分:硝酸0.6%、柠檬酸1.5%、植酸0.4%、丁炔二醇0.2%、乙二胺四乙酸二钠0.3%、辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚0.3%、余量为水。
一种6061铝合金的酸洗方法,采用上述的常温6061铝光亮酸洗液进行酸洗处理,具体步骤包括:将6061铝合金置于酸洗液中,在25℃下浸泡处理25min,然后取出,在水中超声清洗,烘干,即可。
对比例2
一种常温6061铝光亮酸洗液,包括下述重量百分比的组分:硝酸2%、柠檬酸1.5%、氨基磺酸0.4%、钼酸铵0.4%、丁炔二醇0.3%、乌洛托品0.15%、季铵盐改性氧化石墨烯0.008%、余量为水。
其中,季铵盐改性氧化石墨烯的制备方法为:将氧化石墨烯加入pH为8.5的氨水溶液中分散均匀,然后加入十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵在25℃下搅拌反应3h,然后离心、干燥,即得,其中氧化石墨烯与十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵的重量比为1:2,氧化石墨烯与氨水溶液的比例为1g:150mL。
一种6061铝合金的酸洗方法,采用上述的常温6061铝光亮酸洗液进行酸洗处理,具体步骤包括:将6061铝合金置于酸洗液中,在25℃下浸泡处理25min,然后取出,在水中超声清洗,烘干,即可。
试验例
分别采用实施例1-3和对比例1-2制得的光亮酸洗液和酸洗处理方法对材质为6061的铝合金样品进行浸泡酸洗处理,对酸洗处理后的样品进行观察和耐腐蚀性能测试,其中耐腐蚀性能测试为中性盐雾试验,具体参照GB 6458-1986。结果如表1所示:
表1
由此可见,采用本发明的光亮酸洗液以及相适配的酸洗处理方法对铝材进行酸洗处理后,铝合金能够保留银白色、有光泽和均匀的外观效果,并且耐腐蚀防护效果好;对比例1仅采用相当于本发明的一次酸洗液对铝合金进行处理,由于腐蚀效率不够,不能很好地腐蚀掉铝合金中的硅,导致颜色发暗,光泽差,外观效果不佳,并且其耐腐蚀性能较差;对比例2仅采用相当于本发明的二次酸洗液对铝合金进行处理,虽然酸液腐蚀性能更好,能很好地去除铝合金中的硅,但是由于没有经过预处理对铝合金表面进行初步保护,在酸洗中对铝合金的腐蚀过快,在铝材表面形成黑色的硅灰,使酸洗后的铝材表面发乌,外观效果不佳,且形成的钝化膜不均匀,其耐腐蚀性能也不及本发明。
Claims (8)
1.一种常温6061铝光亮酸洗液,其特征在于,包括一次酸洗液和二次酸洗液;所述一次酸洗液包括下述重量百分比的组分:硝酸0.5-1%、柠檬酸1-2%、植酸0.3-0.5%、光亮剂0.1-0.3%、螯合剂0.1-0.5%、表面活性剂0.1-0.5%、余量为水;所述二次酸洗液包括下述重量百分比的组分:硝酸1.5-3%、柠檬酸1-2%、氨基磺酸0.3-0.5%、钼酸铵0.3-0.5%、光亮剂0.2-0.5%、缓蚀剂0.1-0.2%、季铵盐改性氧化石墨烯0.005-0.1%、余量为水。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种常温6061铝光亮酸洗液,其特征在于,所述季铵盐改性氧化石墨烯是以季铵盐对氧化石墨烯进行插层改性得到。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种常温6061铝光亮酸洗液,其特征在于,所述季铵盐为十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵、十四烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵、十六烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵中的一种或者多种。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种常温6061铝光亮酸洗液,其特征在于,所述季铵盐改性氧化石墨烯的制备方法为:将氧化石墨烯加入pH为8-9的氨水溶液中分散均匀,然后加入季铵盐搅拌反应,然后离心、干燥,即得。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种常温6061铝光亮酸洗液,其特征在于,所述搅拌反应的温度为20-30℃,时间为2-5h。
6.根据权利要求4所述的一种常温6061铝光亮酸洗液,其特征在于,所述氧化石墨烯与季铵盐的重量比为1:(1-3),氧化石墨烯与氨水溶液的比例为1g:(100-200)mL。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种常温6061铝光亮酸洗液,其特征在于,所述光亮剂为丁炔二醇;所述螯合剂为乙二胺四乙酸二钠、草酸钠中的一种或者多种;所述表面活性剂为壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚、辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚、十二烷基硫酸钠中的一种或者多种;缓蚀剂为乌洛托品、苯并三氮唑中的一种或者多种。
8.一种6061铝合金的酸洗方法,其特征在于,采用权利要求1-7任一项所述的常温6061铝光亮酸洗液进行酸洗处理,具体步骤包括:
(1)将6061铝合金置于一次酸洗液中,在20-30℃下浸泡处理10-20min,然后取出,在水中超声清洗,烘干;
(2)将步骤(1)处理后的6061铝合金置于二次酸洗液中,在20-30℃下浸泡处理5-15min,然后取出,在水中超声清洗,烘干,即可。
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