CN115108599B - Device and method for treating brackish water by natural freezing method - Google Patents
Device and method for treating brackish water by natural freezing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115108599B CN115108599B CN202210716483.XA CN202210716483A CN115108599B CN 115108599 B CN115108599 B CN 115108599B CN 202210716483 A CN202210716483 A CN 202210716483A CN 115108599 B CN115108599 B CN 115108599B
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- retaining wall
- water
- ice layer
- brackish water
- strong brine
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 2
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010011469 Crying Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/22—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by freezing
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a method for treating brackish water by a natural freezing method, wherein the device for treating brackish water by the natural freezing method comprises a retaining wall enclosed in the brackish water, a plurality of vertical rods and a plurality of submersible pumps, wherein the vertical rods and the submersible pumps are inserted into an area enclosed by the retaining wall; at least one part of the vertical rod is of a hollow structure, a heating mechanism is arranged in the hollow structure, a plurality of buckles are arranged on the peripheral wall of the vertical rod from top to bottom, and the buckles are configured to be folded under the action of downward pressure; the outlet of the water outlet pipe of the submersible pump is positioned above the water surface of the area surrounded by the retaining wall. The invention can realize the separation of ice cubes and strong brine by means of natural freezing and intermittent operation of the submersible pump so as to realize the desalination of brackish water, and has lower cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of brackish water treatment, in particular to a device and a method for treating crying salt water by a natural freezing method.
Background
The bitter salt water is a popular method, and the salt content is 1-10 g/L. The water resources occupied by people in China are about 30% of the average world level, and the water resources are short and unevenly distributed. Due to factors such as landform, hydrogeology, climate environment and the like and pollution influence of three wastes, drought and rain are less in northwest areas, and surface water is bitter salty water with different degrees, so that the problem of water shortage is particularly remarkable. The statistics show that the mining amount of bitter water in northwest regions is 46.9 hundred million cubic meters, and the mining amount is mainly distributed in Gansu, xinjiang, ningxia and inner Mongolia western regions. At present, most of brackish water desalination devices utilize the principle of reverse osmosis technology, and are water treatment devices produced by combining microcomputer technology and electromechanical integration technology. The desalination of brackish water is essentially salt water desalination, so that the salt water is desalted or treated to reach the standard of drinking water or agricultural water.
The existing desalination method for brackish water adopts fossil fuel to provide power, is used for large-scale engineering to consume energy, and generates gas and wastewater in the process, so that the environmental hazard is large; secondly, the treated water and salt, in order to remove the harmful elements therein, also need to be treated again, which increases the cost and time of the subsequent operations. The difficulty of wastewater treatment is increased.
The temperature in winter in northwest areas is low, and corresponding convenience conditions are improved for natural freezing and desalting of brackish water.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a device for treating brackish water by a natural freezing method, which can realize separation of ice cubes and strong brine by means of natural freezing and intermittent operation of a submersible pump so as to realize desalination of the brackish water and has lower cost.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: an apparatus for treating brackish water by natural freezing, comprising:
the electric heating device comprises a retaining wall which is enclosed in a brackish water area, wherein an electric heating module is arranged in the circumferential direction of the retaining wall, which is close to the water surface, and a plurality of perforations are arranged at different heights of the portion of the retaining wall, which is below the water surface;
the retaining wall comprises a retaining wall and a plurality of vertical rods, wherein the vertical rods are inserted into an area surrounded by the retaining wall, at least one part of each vertical rod is of a hollow structure, a heating mechanism is arranged in each hollow structure, a plurality of buckles are arranged on the peripheral wall of each vertical rod from top to bottom, and the buckles are configured to be folded under the action of downward pressure;
the outlet of the water outlet pipe of the submersible pump is positioned above the water surface of the area surrounded by the retaining wall.
Further, the buckle is provided with at least two elastic sheets which are arranged along the circumferential direction of the vertical rod, and the elastic sheets incline outwards from top to bottom.
Further, the upright rod is made of stainless steel, and the heating mechanism is an electromagnetic heating mechanism.
The invention also provides a method for treating brackish water by using the natural freezing method, which is based on a device for treating brackish water by using the natural freezing method;
the method comprises the following steps:
step S1: paving a layer of floatable nylon net on the water surface in the area surrounded by the retaining wall, and heating the ice layer in the retaining wall through the electric heating module and the heating mechanism after the ice layer frozen on the water surface reaches 10-15 cm in thickness, so that the ice layer in the retaining wall can float freely;
step S2: starting a submersible pump, pouring water below the outer ice layer of the retaining wall above the inner ice layer of the retaining wall, pressing the inner ice layer of the retaining wall downwards, enabling the water below the inner ice layer of the retaining wall to flow outwards to the retaining wall through the through holes, enabling the inner ice layer of the retaining wall to move downwards, enabling the inner ice layer of the retaining wall not to move upwards due to the effect of the buckle, and finally fixing the inner ice layer of the retaining wall at the bottom of water;
step S3: closing the submersible pump, and returning to the step S1 until the temperature rises back and can not be frozen;
step S4: the strong brine which cannot be frozen is separated from the ice cubes in the retaining wall, and the ice cubes in the retaining wall can be directly used for agriculture after being melted.
Further, the separation of the strong brine incapable of icing from the ice cubes in the retaining wall comprises:
firstly, all the perforations are plugged, and the strong brine which cannot be frozen is fully pumped into the upper part of ice cubes in the retaining wall by using a submersible pump;
then, waterproof cloth is paved outside the retaining wall;
and then opening the perforations above the ice layer in the retaining wall, so that the strong brine flows from the opened perforations to the waterproof cloth.
Further, step S4 further includes:
evaporating the separated strong brine to obtain salt crystals.
Further, the evaporation is natural evaporation in spring, summer and autumn.
Further, step S4 further includes:
sprinkling wheat or rice straw on the surface of the separated strong brine; wherein the length of the straw is 15-20 cm, the middle is sheared, and the two ends are carbonized.
By adopting the technical scheme, the ice cubes and the strong brine can be separated by matching the natural freezing with the submersible pump, so that the investment is small, the device structure is simple, and the energy is saved; the whole device can be reused, after the treatment is completed and the agricultural water is obtained, if new brackish water is input, the device can be used for continuously completing the desalination task in winter; the device has simple operation process, and can be heated by the electric heating module and the heating mechanism at proper time only by switching on or switching off the power supply of the submersible pump.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an apparatus for treating brackish water by the natural freezing method of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a plan view of an apparatus for treating brackish water by the natural freezing method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that the invention may be more readily understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments that are illustrated in the appended drawings.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, an apparatus for treating brackish water by a natural freezing method, comprising:
a retaining wall 1 enclosed in brackish water, wherein the retaining wall 1 is arranged near the water surface height, a circle of electric heating modules 2 can be arranged at the position of +/-15 cm, a plurality of perforations 3 are arranged at different heights of the portion of the retaining wall 1 below the water surface, the water area can be a pool, a pond or a small lake, and the like, the perforations 3 are arranged more densely below the retaining wall 1, and more sparsely above the retaining wall;
the upper end parts of the vertical rods 5, namely, the parts which start to be upwards from 25cm below the water surface, are hollow structures, heating mechanisms 6 are arranged in the hollow structures, a plurality of buckles 7 are arranged on the peripheral walls of the vertical rods 5 from top to bottom, and the buckles 7 are configured to be folded under the action of downward pressure;
the inlet of the water inlet pipe of the submersible pump 4 is positioned in brackish water outside the retaining wall 1, and the outlet of the water outlet pipe of the submersible pump 4 is positioned above the water surface of the area surrounded by the retaining wall 1.
In this embodiment, the upright 5 is fixed at the water bottom.
As shown in fig. 1, the buckle 7 is provided with at least two elastic pieces 8 which are arranged along the circumference of the upright 5, and the elastic pieces 8 incline outwards from top to bottom.
In this embodiment, the upright 5 is made of stainless steel, and the heating mechanism 6 is an electromagnetic heating mechanism.
Specifically, the ice cube and the strong brine can be separated through the cooperation of natural freezing and the submersible pump 4, so that the investment is small, the device structure is simple, and the energy is saved; the whole device can be reused, after the treatment is completed and the agricultural water is obtained, if new brackish water is input, the device can be used for continuously completing the desalination task in winter; the operation process of the device is simple, and the submersible pump 4 is only required to be powered on or powered off, and the electric heating module 2 and the heating mechanism 6 are used for heating at proper time.
Example two
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a method for treating brackish water by a natural freezing method is based on the device for treating brackish water by a natural freezing method according to the first embodiment; the method comprises the following steps:
before severe winter comes to water surface ice, a layer of floatable nylon net is paved on the water surface in the area surrounded by the retaining wall 1, after the air temperature is reduced and the water surface ice is frozen for 3-5 days, the ice layer reaches 10-15 cm thick, the electric heating module 2 and the heating mechanism 6 are connected for 6-10 min, so that the ice layer in the area surrounded by the retaining wall 1 can float freely, then all submersible pumps 4 are started, water below the ice layer outside the retaining wall 1 can be quickly poured above the ice layer in the area surrounded by the retaining wall 1, the water above the ice layer in the area surrounded by the retaining wall 1 presses the ice layer downwards due to the relatively high flowing speed of the water below the retaining wall 1, the ice layer cannot move upwards due to the effect of a buckle 7, and finally the ice layer is fixed at the water bottom; then turning off the power supply of the submersible pump 4, paving a layer of floatable nylon net on the water surface in the area surrounded by the retaining wall 1, continuing to freeze for 3-5 days until the water surface is frozen, turning on the electric heating module 2 and the heating mechanism 6 again for 6-10 min again until the ice layer reaches 10-15 cm thick, enabling the ice layer to float freely, starting all the submersible pumps 4, turning off the power supply of the submersible pump 4 after the ice layer is fixed to the bottom layer again, and repeating the process for a plurality of times until the temperature rises again and cannot freeze; at this time, all the perforations 3 are plugged by plugs, the strong brine which cannot be frozen is fully pumped into the upper parts of ice cubes in the retaining wall 1 by the submersible pump 4, waterproof cloth is paved outside the retaining wall 1, then the plugs of the perforations 3 above the ice layers in the retaining wall 1 are pulled out, the strong brine is put into plastic cloth, the strong brine can be stored for a long time, the TDS of the water after the ice cubes in the retaining wall 1 are melted is 0.93g/L along with the rise of the temperature in spring and summer, the strong brine can be directly used for agriculture, the strong brine outside the retaining wall 1 is evaporated in spring, summer and autumn, finally salt crystals are collected, 98.2% of the crystals are sodium chloride through analysis, and a small amount of potassium chloride and magnesium chloride are additionally arranged, so that the strong brine can be directly sold as chemical raw materials.
In this embodiment, the floating nylon net floats on the net, and then freezes with water to form an ice skeleton, in case the ice breaks due to brittleness, the net can still be clamped by the buckle 7, the buckle 7 is a one-way buckle, and the ice blocks can slide from top to bottom but cannot slide from bottom to top when sleeved on the upright 5.
In this embodiment, in order to increase the evaporation rate of the strong brine outside the retaining wall 1, wheat or rice straw may be scattered on the surface of the strong brine; wherein, the straw is cut into 15cm to 20cm long, the middle part is cut, but the straw is not cut, and the two end parts of the straw are burnt into charcoal for carbonization.
The above-described preferred embodiments according to the present invention are intended to suggest that, from the above description, various changes and modifications can be made by the worker in question without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the description, but must be determined according to the scope of claims.
Claims (6)
1. A method for treating brackish water by a natural freezing method is characterized in that,
the device for treating brackish water based on a natural freezing method comprises:
the electric heating device comprises a retaining wall (1) which is enclosed in a brackish water area, wherein an electric heating module (2) is arranged in the circumferential direction of the retaining wall (1) close to the water surface, and a plurality of perforations (3) are arranged at different heights of the portion of the retaining wall (1) below the water surface;
the retaining wall comprises a retaining wall (1) and a plurality of vertical rods (5) inserted into an area surrounded by the retaining wall, wherein at least one part of the vertical rods (5) is of a hollow structure, a heating mechanism (6) is arranged in the hollow structure, a plurality of buckles (7) are arranged on the peripheral wall of the vertical rods (5) from top to bottom, and the buckles (7) are configured to be folded under the action of downward pressure;
the water outlet pipes of the submersible pumps (4) are positioned above the water surface of the area surrounded by the retaining wall (1);
the buckle (7) is provided with at least two elastic sheets (8) which are arranged along the circumference of the vertical rod (5), and the elastic sheets (8) incline outwards from top to bottom;
the method comprises the following steps:
step S1: paving a layer of floatable nylon net on the water surface in the area surrounded by the retaining wall (1), and heating the ice layer in the retaining wall (1) through the electric heating module (2) and the heating mechanism (6) after the ice layer frozen on the water surface reaches 10-15 cm in thickness, so that the ice layer in the retaining wall (1) can float freely;
step S2: starting a submersible pump (4), pouring water below the outer ice layer of the retaining wall (1) above the inner ice layer of the retaining wall (1), downwards pressing the inner ice layer of the retaining wall (1), enabling the water below the inner ice layer of the retaining wall (1) to flow outwards to the retaining wall (1) through the through holes (3), enabling the inner ice layer of the retaining wall (1) to move downwards, enabling the inner ice layer of the retaining wall (1) to be incapable of moving upwards due to the action of the buckle (7), and finally fixing the inner ice layer of the retaining wall (1) at the bottom of water;
step S3: closing the submersible pump (4), and returning to the step S1 until the temperature rises and cannot be frozen;
step S4: the strong brine which cannot be frozen is separated from the ice cubes in the retaining wall (1), and the ice cubes in the retaining wall (1) can be directly used for agriculture after being melted.
2. The method for treating brackish water by natural freezing method according to claim 1, wherein,
the upright (5) is made of stainless steel, and the heating mechanism (6) is an electromagnetic heating mechanism.
3. The method for treating brackish water by natural freezing method according to claim 1, wherein,
the strong brine which cannot be frozen is separated from ice cubes in the retaining wall (1), and the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, all the perforations (3) are plugged, and the strong brine which cannot be frozen is fully driven into the upper part of ice cubes in the retaining wall (1) by using the submersible pump (4);
then, waterproof cloth is paved outside the retaining wall (1);
and then opening the perforations (3) above the ice layer in the retaining wall (1) to enable the strong brine to flow from the opened perforations (3) to the waterproof cloth.
4. The method for treating brackish water by natural freezing method according to claim 1, wherein,
the step S4 further includes:
evaporating the separated strong brine to obtain salt crystals.
5. The method for treating brackish water according to claim 4, wherein,
the evaporation is natural evaporation in spring, summer and autumn.
6. The method for treating brackish water according to claim 5, wherein,
the step S4 further includes:
sprinkling wheat or rice straw on the surface of the separated strong brine; the length of the straw is 15-20 cm, the middle of the straw is sheared, and the two ends of the straw are carbonized.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210716483.XA CN115108599B (en) | 2022-06-23 | 2022-06-23 | Device and method for treating brackish water by natural freezing method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210716483.XA CN115108599B (en) | 2022-06-23 | 2022-06-23 | Device and method for treating brackish water by natural freezing method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN115108599A CN115108599A (en) | 2022-09-27 |
| CN115108599B true CN115108599B (en) | 2024-01-23 |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102015224191A1 (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2017-06-08 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Apparatus and method for freeze-desalination of salt water |
| CN113816454A (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2021-12-21 | 常州大学 | Brackish water evaporation desalting device |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20180354813A1 (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2018-12-13 | Jai H. Rho | Apparatus and methods for relocating ice produced by desalination and mineral reduction of water resources by vertical freezing |
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- 2022-06-23 CN CN202210716483.XA patent/CN115108599B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102015224191A1 (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2017-06-08 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Apparatus and method for freeze-desalination of salt water |
| CN113816454A (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2021-12-21 | 常州大学 | Brackish water evaporation desalting device |
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