CN115107930A - Semi-floating offshore wind power construction installation vessel and construction method - Google Patents
Semi-floating offshore wind power construction installation vessel and construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115107930A CN115107930A CN202210725055.3A CN202210725055A CN115107930A CN 115107930 A CN115107930 A CN 115107930A CN 202210725055 A CN202210725055 A CN 202210725055A CN 115107930 A CN115107930 A CN 115107930A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
- B63B21/50—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers
- B63B21/502—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers by means of tension legs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B13/00—Conduits for emptying or ballasting; Self-bailing equipment; Scuppers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
- B63B21/50—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B13/00—Conduits for emptying or ballasting; Self-bailing equipment; Scuppers
- B63B2013/005—Sea chests
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
- B63B21/50—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers
- B63B2021/505—Methods for installation or mooring of floating offshore platforms on site
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of offshore wind power construction, in particular to a semi-floating offshore wind power construction installation ship and a construction method. The semi-floating offshore wind power construction installation vessel provided by the invention has the advantages that the pile legs are abutted against a seabed mud surface and support the hull, the ballast water tank is suitable for storing at least part of seawater when the pile legs are in the support state, so that the ballast capacity of the hull is increased by means of the weight of the seawater, the pile legs are pressed under the seabed mud surface by means of overballast of the hull, the hull is changed into a stable hoisting platform, and 'static-to-static installation' is realized; the ship body does not need to be lifted off the sea level by virtue of the lifting mechanism, the requirement on the lifting capacity of the lifting mechanism is reduced, the cost is greatly reduced, and the method is suitable for the fan installation and transformation scheme of the existing large ship and is also suitable for the low-cost solution scheme that all large ships and marine equipment obtain relative static steady state in the sea wave environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of offshore wind power construction, in particular to a semi-floating offshore wind power construction installation ship and a construction method.
Background
Offshore wind power has huge development and utilization potential due to the factors of clean and low carbon, convenience in consumption of the power load side in coastal areas and the like. At present, a self-elevating installation vessel is mainly used for offshore wind power installation as mainstream wind power installation equipment, the equipment lifts a ship body off the water surface by means of a self-elevating lifting mechanism, and the ship body is changed into a stable hoisting platform by means of rooting of self-elevating pile legs on a seabed, so that 'static-to-static installation' is realized. However, the self-elevating installation vessel needs to lift the hull off the water, the requirement on the lifting capacity of the self-elevating lifting mechanism is high, cost needs to be increased every time one ton of lifting force is increased, the manufacturing cost is high, and the construction period is long.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defect that the requirement on lifting capacity of a self-elevating installation vessel in the prior art is high when the vessel body needs to be lifted away from the water surface, so that the semi-floating offshore wind power construction installation vessel capable of reducing the requirement on lifting capacity is provided.
The invention aims to solve another technical problem of overcoming the defect that the lifting capacity requirement of a self-elevating installation vessel needs to be lifted off the water surface in the prior art is higher, so that the semi-floating offshore wind power construction method capable of reducing the lifting capacity requirement is provided.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a semi-floating offshore wind power construction installation vessel, which comprises:
a hull;
the mounting part is arranged on the broadside of the ship body, and a guide hole penetrates through the mounting part;
the pile legs penetrate through the guide holes and are movably connected with the mounting part; the pile legs have a support state of abutting against a seabed mud surface and jacking up at least part of the ship body, and a retraction state of retracting to the bottom of the ship body.
Optionally, the semi-floating offshore wind power construction installation vessel further includes: a ballast tank disposed on the hull, the ballast tank adapted to store or discharge seawater; and the ballast water tanks are adapted to at least partially store seawater when the legs are in the support state.
Optionally, the semi-floating offshore wind power construction installation vessel further includes: and the lifting mechanism is arranged on the ship body and is suitable for driving the pile legs to move relative to the installation part.
Optionally, the semi-floating offshore wind power construction installation vessel further includes: and the fixing mechanism is arranged on the ship body and is suitable for fixing the pile legs so as to keep the relative positions of the pile legs and the ship body.
Optionally, a plurality of fixing holes are arranged along the length direction of the pile leg, and the fixing holes are suitable for being matched with the fixing mechanism to fix the pile leg.
Optionally, the broadside of hull encircles and is provided with four installations, every the installation corresponds and is provided with a spud leg.
The invention provides a semi-floating offshore wind power construction method, which is applied to the semi-floating offshore wind power construction installation ship, and comprises the following steps:
s1: putting down the pile leg to the seabed mud surface;
s2: locking the pile legs with the ship body;
s3: filling ballast water into the ballast water tank to press the pile legs into the position below the seabed mud surface, wherein the filling of the ballast water is stopped at least when the current support reaction force of the pile legs is larger than the rated support reaction force;
s4: the locking of the pile legs and the ship body is released, and ballast water in the ballast water tank is discharged, so that the ship body floats to a preset draught position;
s5: locking the pile legs and the ship body again, and pumping ballast water into the ballast water tank again, wherein the ballast water is injected again at least when the current pressure of the ship body on the seabed mud surface is larger than the minimum working pressure;
s6: and dynamically adjusting the injection amount of the ballast water based on the current stress state of the ship body.
Optionally, the step S3 includes:
determining rated support reaction force of the pile leg based on a wave angle of the ship body, an environmental load parameter and a hydrodynamic parameter of the ship body under a rated draft condition;
acquiring the current support reaction force of the seabed mud surface to the pile leg;
when the current thrust force is larger than the rated thrust force, the filling of the ballast water is stopped.
Optionally, the step S5 includes:
determining anti-slip parameter information and anti-overturning parameter information of the ship body based on the environmental load parameters and the rated parameters of the ship body;
determining the minimum working pressure of the ship body based on the anti-slip parameter information and the anti-overturning parameter information;
and stopping the filling of the ballast water when the current pressure of the ship body on the seabed mud surface is greater than the minimum working pressure.
Optionally, the step S6 includes:
acquiring the current pressure of a ship body on a seabed mud surface;
determining an injection amount or a discharge amount of ballast water based on a difference between the current pressure and the minimum working pressure;
controlling the discharge or injection of ballast water.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. the semi-floating offshore wind power construction installation vessel provided by the invention has the advantages that the pile legs are in contact with a seabed mud surface and in a supporting state for jacking at least part of the ship body, the ballast water tank is suitable for storing seawater at least partially when the pile legs are in the supporting state, so that the ballast capacity of the ship body is increased by means of the weight of the seawater, the pile legs are pressed under the seabed mud surface by means of overballast of the ship body, the ship body is changed into a stable hoisting platform, and 'static-to-static installation' is realized; the ship body does not need to be lifted off the sea level by virtue of the lifting mechanism, the requirement on the lifting capacity of the lifting mechanism is reduced, and the cost is reduced.
2. According to the semi-floating offshore wind power construction method provided by the invention, ballast water is injected into the ballast water tank, the ballast capacity of the ship body is increased by means of the weight of seawater, and the pile legs are pressed under the bottom mud surface by utilizing the overballast of the ship body, so that the ship body is changed into a stable hoisting platform, and the 'static-to-static installation' is realized; the ship body does not need to be lifted off the sea level by virtue of the lifting mechanism, the requirement on the lifting capacity of the lifting mechanism is reduced, and the cost is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a side view of a semi-floating offshore wind power construction installation vessel of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a left side view of the semi-floating offshore wind power construction installation vessel of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the semi-floating offshore wind power construction installation vessel of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an approach stage of the semi-floating offshore wind power construction installation vessel of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a stage of pile leg prepressing of the semi-floating offshore wind power construction installation vessel according to the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a stage of pressing the pile leg into the seabed of the semi-floating offshore wind power construction installation vessel of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the semi-floating state construction stage of the semi-floating state offshore wind power construction installation vessel of the invention.
Description of the reference numerals:
1-hull, 2-ballast water tank, 3-installation part, 4-spud leg, 41-fixing hole, 42-spud shoe, 5-lifting mechanism and 6-fixing mechanism.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1 to 7, the semi-floating offshore wind power construction installation vessel provided in this embodiment includes:
a mounting portion 3 provided on a side of the hull 1, the mounting portion 3 having a guide hole formed therethrough;
the pile leg 4 penetrates through the guide hole, and the pile leg 4 is movably connected with the mounting part 3; the legs 4 have a support state abutting against the bottom mud surface and jacking up at least part of the hull 1, and a retracted state retracted to the bottom of the hull 1.
Optionally, the semi-floating offshore wind power construction installation vessel provided by this embodiment may be formed by modifying a common removal barge or a deck barge in the market, and correspondingly, the installation part 3 may be fixed on the board side of the hull 1 in an additional installation manner, and further the spud legs 4 are arranged in the installation part 3, four self-elevating spud legs are installed at the ship board side, and meanwhile, the outward extending structure of the hull facility is connected with the spud legs, and the connection structure is provided with a pile fixing chamber.
Optionally, the end of the leg is provided with a shoe 42, and the shoe 42 is arranged to increase the contact area of the leg 4 and the seabed mud surface.
Specifically, semi-floating offshore wind power construction installation vessel still includes: a ballast water tank 2 disposed on the hull 1, the ballast water tank 2 being adapted to store or discharge seawater; and the ballast water tanks 2 are adapted to at least partly store water when the legs 4 are in the supporting condition.
In the semi-floating offshore wind power construction installation vessel provided by the embodiment, the pile legs 4 have a supporting state of abutting against a seabed mud surface and jacking at least part of the ship body 1, and the ballast water tank 2 is suitable for storing seawater at least part of the pile legs 4 in the supporting state, so that the ballast capacity of the ship body is increased by means of the weight of the seawater, the pile legs are pressed under the seabed mud surface by means of overballast of the ship body, the ship body is changed into a stable hoisting platform, and 'static-to-static installation' is realized; the ship body does not need to be lifted off the sea level by virtue of the lifting mechanism, the requirement on the lifting capacity of the lifting mechanism is reduced, and the cost is reduced.
Optionally, when the spud legs 4 are in the supporting state, the amount of seawater stored in the ballast water tank 2 may be reasonably determined according to the current pressure of the hull 1 on the seabed mud surface.
Although the semi-floating offshore wind power construction installation vessel provided by the embodiment is similar to the self-elevating offshore wind power installation vessel in structural form, the difference between the semi-floating offshore wind power construction installation vessel and the self-elevating offshore wind power construction installation vessel is as follows: the semi-floating offshore wind power construction installation vessel provided by the embodiment adopts a semi-floating construction operation mode, and during operation, only pile legs are required to be inserted into a seabed to obtain enough pre-pressure, and a ship body is not required to be lifted off the sea level. Therefore, the lifting capacity of the semi-floating offshore wind power construction installation vessel provided by the embodiment only needs 1/5 of the lifting capacity of the lifting mechanism of the traditional jack-up installation vessel, and the cost is about 1/6-1/8 of the lifting mechanism of the traditional jack-up installation vessel.
Specifically, semi-floating offshore wind power construction installation vessel still includes: and the lifting mechanism 5 is arranged on the ship body 1, and the lifting mechanism 5 is suitable for driving the pile legs 4 to move relative to the installation part 3.
As an alternative implementation form, the matching form of the lifting mechanism 5 and the pile leg 4 may be a rack and pinion type, and the lifting mechanism 5 may also be a cylinder type. Through setting up elevating system 5 and being connected with spud leg 4 to can drive spud leg 4 for installation department 3 removes, conveniently gets into seabed mud face with spud leg 4 ballast.
Specifically, semi-floating offshore wind power construction installation vessel still includes: and the fixing mechanism 6 is arranged on the ship body 1 and is suitable for fixing the pile leg 4 so as to maintain the relative position of the pile leg 4 and the ship body 1.
In particular, a plurality of fixing holes 41 are provided along the length of the leg 4, said fixing holes 41 being adapted to cooperate with the fixing means 6 to fix the leg 4. Alternatively, the fixing mechanism 6 may be in the form of a pin, which is inserted into the fixing hole 41 to fix the leg 4.
Specifically, the broadside of hull 1 encircles and is provided with four installation departments 3, every installation department 3 corresponds and is provided with a spud leg 4. By arranging the four pile legs, the self-elevating pile legs can be ensured to take root on the seabed so as to change the ship body into a stable hoisting platform, and the 'static-to-static installation' is conveniently realized.
Example two
Referring to fig. 4 to 7, the present embodiment provides a semi-floating offshore wind power construction method, which is applied to the semi-floating offshore wind power construction installation vessel according to the first embodiment, where the construction method includes:
s1: and (5) putting the pile legs 4 down to the seabed mud surface.
According to the preset installation position of the offshore wind power, firstly, enabling an installation vessel to enter the field, and combining with the schematic diagram shown in FIG. 4, the schematic diagram is a semi-floating offshore wind power construction installation vessel entering stage schematic diagram; and then, primarily fixing the installation ship by anchoring the anchor boat, and lowering the pile legs 4 to the seabed mud surface after anchoring.
Because the pile legs 4 are driven by the lifting mechanism, the lifting capacity of the semi-floating offshore wind power construction installation vessel in the embodiment is obviously smaller than that of the lifting mechanism of the traditional self-elevating installation vessel, the vessel body 1 cannot be lifted off the sea level, only the pile legs 4 can be partially inserted below the seabed mud surface, or the vessel body is properly lifted under the support of the seabed mud surface, so that the initial contact positioning of the pile legs 4 and the seabed mud surface is realized.
S2: locking the legs 4 to the hull 1.
After the pile legs 4 are lowered to the seabed mud surface, the pile legs 4 and the ship body 1 are locked, so that the relative stillness of the pile legs 4 and the ship body 1 is kept, and the ship body 1 is convenient to sink in the subsequent process to further press the pile legs 4.
Alternatively, the legs 4 and the hull 1 may be locked by a locking mechanism such as a pin of the lifting device.
S3: ballast water is injected into the ballast water tanks 2 to force the legs 4 into the bottom of the sea below the mud surface, wherein the injection of ballast water is stopped at least when the current reaction force of the legs 4 is greater than the rated reaction force.
The whole weight of the ship body 1 is increased by filling ballast water into the ballast water tank 2, so that the ship body 1 overcomes the buoyancy of seawater under the action of gravity to further sink the ship body 1, and meanwhile, as the pile legs 4 and the ship body 1 are in a locking state, the pile legs 4 are pressed into the position below the mud surface of the seabed in the sinking process of the ship body 1.
The current support reaction force of the pile leg 4 is the current pressure of the pile leg 4 to the ground, and the rated support reaction force is the rated preloading load of the pile leg, so that the rated pile leg insertion depth, namely the mud penetration depth of the pile leg, is obtained.
It should be noted that, because the four pile legs are synchronously pre-pressed, the pressure of the pile legs to the ground is inconsistent, so that the judgment standard for the pre-pressing reaching the standard is that the minimum pre-pressing force of the four pile legs reaches the rated pre-pressing load; the rated pre-pressing load of the pile leg is obtained by analyzing the construction operation of the ship body, and the comprehensive simulation analysis is carried out by analyzing and combining the sea condition, the geological characteristics and the construction operation content of the sea area.
Optionally, a foundation reaction monitoring system is installed on the spud leg 4, and the foundation reaction monitoring system is used for monitoring the reaction of the foundation or the seabed to the spud leg. When the support reaction force of the seabed to the pile leg reaches the set rated support reaction force, the support reaction force of the pile leg can meet the requirement of field operation, and the ballast water injection is stopped.
The rated support reaction force can be determined based on the wave direction angle of the ship body, the environmental load parameter and the hydrodynamic parameter of the ship body 1 under the rated draft working condition.
It should be noted that the setting of the wave direction angle of the ship body needs to be combined with the field flow direction distribution and the ship handling practice to plan the minimum allowable wave direction angle for operation. If the wave direction angle of the ship body is set to be too large, the required supporting reaction force of the ship body is too large, the requirement on the lifting mechanism is high, and if the wave direction angle of the ship body is set to be too small, the requirement on field operation can not be met, so that the offshore wind power installation is not smooth. The appropriate environmental load wave angle can be selected on the premise of on-site operation permission, and the rated support reaction force required by the pile leg is calculated reversely.
In this embodiment, the environmental load parameters may include wind parameters, wave height parameters, ocean current flow rate parameters, and the like in the current construction environment. In order to ensure the smooth construction, the parameters can be set according to the maximum allowable environment load parameters for construction.
Determining the hydrodynamic parameters of the ship body 1 under the rated draft working condition based on the maximum allowable environment load parameters for construction and the rated draft parameters of the ship body 1, and determining the rated support reaction force of the pile legs based on the hydrodynamic parameters of the ship body 1 under the rated draft working condition through reverse thrust.
Specifically, the step S3 includes:
determining the rated support reaction force of the pile leg 4 based on the wave angle of the ship body, the environmental load parameter and the hydrodynamic parameter of the ship body 1 under the rated draft working condition;
acquiring the current support reaction force of the seabed mud surface to the pile leg 4;
when the current thrust force is larger than the rated thrust force, the filling of the ballast water is stopped.
It is required to provide that the rated supporting reaction force of the pile leg is set on the premise of meeting the environmental load and the wave angle of the ship body.
The hull is given sufficient ballast capacity by injecting ballast water, and the legs are forced under the seabed by overballasting the hull. The overpressure load is an additional ground pressure load force after the ship body balances the current underwater buoyancy, and in the embodiment, the weight of the overpressure load water is the ground pressure of the installation ship.
Alternatively, in operation using ballast water to sink the legs, 4 legs are depressed simultaneously.
Compared with the prior art that the pile leg is directly pressed into the seabed by virtue of the capacity of the lifting mechanism, the pile leg is required to have enough pressing capacity, and the cost of the pile leg is correspondingly increased due to the enough pressing capacity. The semi-floating offshore wind power construction method provided by the embodiment can reduce the requirement on the pile leg pressing capability, and further reduce the cost of the pile leg.
S4: and (4) unlocking the pile legs 4 from the ship body 1, and discharging ballast water in the ballast water tank 2 so as to enable the ship body 1 to float to the preset draft position.
Through removing the locking of spud leg 4 and hull 1, discharge the ballast water in the ballast water tank 2 to can alleviate hull weight, make hull 1 come up to predetermineeing the draft position under the effect of sea water buoyancy, thereby reduce the buoyancy that the hull received, guarantee that seabed mud face has sufficient counter-force to spud leg 4, avoid the hull to rock.
Wherein the preset draft position is a design draft position or a position which is smaller than the design draft position in order to reduce the influence of waves on the ship body.
S5: and locking the pile legs 4 and the hull 1 again, and pumping ballast water into the ballast water tank 2 again, wherein the ballast water is injected again until the current pressure of the pile legs on the seabed mud surface is greater than the rated pre-pressing load.
Specifically, the step S5 includes:
determining anti-slip parameter information and anti-overturning parameter information of the ship body based on the environmental load parameters and the rated parameters of the ship body;
determining the minimum working pressure of the ship body 1 based on the anti-slip parameter information and the anti-overturning parameter information;
when the current pressure of the hull 1 against the bottom mud surface is greater than the minimum working pressure, the ballast water injection is stopped.
Once the legs 4 are again locked to the hull 1, the installation vessel must ballast enough excess pressure water to keep the hull at all times positive to ground pressure. The overpressure water-carrying is extra ballast water after the ship body is in sinking and floating balance, and the weight of the overpressure water-carrying is the ground pressure of the installation ship.
After the spud legs 4 and the ship body 1 are locked again, the state of the ship body is in a semi-floating state at the moment, the stability of the semi-floating state of the ship body is analyzed, anti-slip parameter information and anti-overturning parameter information of the ship body are determined based on environmental load parameters and rated parameters of the ship body, so that the minimum ground pressure is obtained after the risks of anti-slip and anti-overturning are considered, the current pressure of the ship body 1 on the seabed mud surface is greater than the minimum working pressure through the injection of ballast water, the stability of the ship body is ensured, and the risk of slip or overturning of the ship body is avoided.
Optionally, the environmental load parameter may include a wind parameter, a wave height parameter, a current flow velocity parameter, and the like in the current construction environment.
Alternatively, the rated parameters of the hull may include the total mass of the hull, the volume of the ballast water tank, the frontal area of the hull, the rated draft, and the like.
S6: based on the current stress state of the ship body 1, the injection amount of ballast water is dynamically adjusted, and the pressure of pile legs to the ground is always ensured to be larger than the rated pre-pressing load.
As the working environment of the ship body is sea, under the action of tide, the draft of the ship body changes along with the tide, and ballast water is dynamically discharged according to the change of the ground pressure of the pile legs in the tide fluctuation process, so that the ground pressure of the pile legs is kept within a safe and acceptable range.
Specifically, the step S6 includes:
acquiring the current pressure of the ship body 1 on the seabed mud surface;
determining an injection amount or a discharge amount of ballast water based on a difference between the current pressure and the minimum working pressure;
controlling the discharge or injection of ballast water.
According to the semi-floating offshore wind power construction method provided by the invention, the ballast capacity of the ship body is increased by means of the weight of seawater, and the pile legs are pressed under the seabed mud surface by means of overballast of the ship body, so that the ship body is changed into a stable hoisting platform, and static-to-static installation is realized; the ship body does not need to be lifted off the sea level by virtue of the lifting mechanism, the requirement on the lifting capacity of the lifting mechanism is reduced, and the cost is reduced.
It should be noted that if the capability of the selected hull hydraulic lifting mechanism can reach the rated preload by means of the self hydraulic lifting force, the steps S3 and S4 can be omitted, and the spud leg is directly put down to the spud leg to obtain the rated preload.
Two kinds of mainstream marine industry installation "quiet to quiet" solutions among the prior art are self-elevating type installation ship mode and sit end formula installation ship mode, and the semi-floating state offshore wind power construction method that this embodiment provided has following advantage as the third kind of installation mode outside two kinds of mainstream schemes:
1. the self-elevating lifting system has the advantage of low cost, and the self-elevating lifting system does not need to lift the ship body off the water surface, so that the lifting capacity is greatly saved, and the cost is greatly saved.
2. Self-elevating installation ship receives the elevating system cost, and it is less that general deck area is great to the construction operation restriction, and the scheme of this embodiment does not receive deck area to influence, can adopt large tracts of land deck boats and ships, increases the efficiency of construction.
3. The method of the embodiment can be used for reconstructing semi-submersible barges and deck barges with more market stocks, and resources are convenient and easy to obtain.
4. Compared with a bottom-sitting type wind power installation vessel, the method can greatly expand the applicable water depth of the wind power installation vessel, the construction cost is not required to be remarkably increased, the influence of seabed scouring is avoided, and the construction cannot be carried out due to the influence of an inclined seabed.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a half state offshore wind power construction installation ship that floats which characterized in that includes:
a hull (1);
the mounting part (3) is arranged on the side of the ship body (1), and a guide hole penetrates through the mounting part (3);
the pile leg (4) penetrates through the guide hole, and the pile leg (4) is movably connected with the mounting part (3); the pile legs (4) have a support state of abutting against a seabed mud surface and jacking up at least part of the hull (1), and a retracted state of being retracted to the bottom of the hull (1).
2. The semi-floating offshore wind power construction installation vessel of claim 1, further comprising: a ballast water tank (2) disposed on the hull (1), the ballast water tank (2) being adapted to store or discharge seawater; and the ballast water tanks (2) are adapted to at least partly store seawater when the legs (4) are in a supporting condition.
3. The semi-floating offshore wind power construction installation vessel of claim 1, further comprising: and the lifting mechanism (5) is arranged on the ship body (1), and the lifting mechanism (5) is suitable for driving the pile legs (4) to move relative to the mounting part (3).
4. The semi-floating offshore wind power construction installation vessel of claim 1, further comprising: the fixing mechanism (6) is arranged on the ship body (1) and is suitable for fixing the pile leg (4) so as to keep the relative position of the pile leg (4) and the ship body (1).
5. Semi-floating offshore wind power construction installation vessel according to claim 4, characterized in that a plurality of fixing holes (41) are provided along the length of the legs (4), said fixing holes (41) being adapted to cooperate with the fixing means (6) for fixing the legs (4).
6. Semi-floating offshore wind power construction installation vessel according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the hull (1) is provided with four mountings (3) around the side, each mounting (3) being provided with a corresponding leg (4).
7. A semi-floating offshore wind power construction method, which is applied to the semi-floating offshore wind power construction installation vessel of any one of the claims 1 to 6, and comprises the following steps:
s1: putting the pile leg (4) down to the seabed mud surface;
s2: the pile legs (4) are locked with the ship body (1);
s3: filling ballast water into the ballast water tank (2) to press the pile legs (4) into the bottom of the sea mud surface, wherein the filling of the ballast water is stopped at least when the current support reaction force of the pile legs (4) is larger than the rated support reaction force;
s4: the locking between the pile legs (4) and the ship body (1) is released, and ballast water in the ballast water tank (2) is discharged, so that the ship body (1) floats to a preset draft position;
s5: locking the pile legs (4) and the ship body (1) again, and pumping ballast water into the ballast water tank (2) again, wherein the ballast water is injected again until the current pressure of the pile legs (4) on the seabed mud surface is larger than the rated pre-pressing load;
s6: based on the current stress state of the ship body (1), the injection amount of ballast water is dynamically adjusted, and the pressure of pile legs to the ground is always ensured to be larger than the rated pre-pressing load.
8. The semi-floating offshore wind power construction method according to claim 7, wherein the step S3 comprises:
determining rated support reaction force of the pile leg (4) based on a wave angle of the ship body, an environmental load parameter and a hydrodynamic parameter of the ship body (1) under a rated draft working condition;
acquiring the current support reaction force of the seabed mud surface to the pile leg (4);
when the current reaction force is greater than the rated reaction force, the ballast water injection is stopped.
9. The semi-floating offshore wind power construction method according to claim 7, wherein the step S5 comprises:
determining anti-slip parameter information and anti-overturning parameter information of the ship body based on the environmental load parameters and the rated parameters of the ship body;
determining the minimum working pressure of the ship body (1) based on the anti-slip parameter information and the anti-overturning parameter information;
and stopping the injection of the ballast water when the current pressure of the ship body (1) on the seabed mud surface is greater than the minimum working pressure.
10. The semi-floating offshore wind power construction method according to claim 7, wherein the step S6 comprises:
acquiring the current pressure of the ship body (1) on the seabed mud surface;
determining an injection amount or a discharge amount of ballast water based on a difference between the current pressure and the minimum working pressure;
controlling the discharge or injection of ballast water.
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