CN115105463A - 一种用于修复皮肤损伤的软膏 - Google Patents
一种用于修复皮肤损伤的软膏 Download PDFInfo
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- CN115105463A CN115105463A CN202210894285.2A CN202210894285A CN115105463A CN 115105463 A CN115105463 A CN 115105463A CN 202210894285 A CN202210894285 A CN 202210894285A CN 115105463 A CN115105463 A CN 115105463A
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- ointment
- itaconic acid
- skin
- acid derivative
- oil
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种用于修复皮肤损伤的软膏,所述软膏含有衣康酸衍生物。本发明所提供的软膏能够修复烧伤、切割伤、表皮感染等皮肤损伤。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及医药制剂领域,具体涉及一种用于修复皮肤损伤的软膏。本发明还涉及试剂在制备用于修复皮肤损伤的软膏中的应用。
背景技术
衣康酸,化学式为C5H6O4,结构式如式I所示:
也称作亚甲基延胡索酸,是一种有机体产生的具有两个羧基基团的有机酸,其在机体的免疫系统和工业合成上都扮演着重要角色。由于衣康酸具有亚甲基基团,因此在工业上其对合成高分子材料具有重要价值。早在上世纪30年代就发现曲霉菌中能够产生衣康酸,其生化来源是,三羧酸循环中的中间产物顺乌头酸在顺乌头酸脱羧酶(cis-aconiticdecarboxylase,CAD)的催化下产生衣康酸。衣康酸的合成广泛存在于微生物中,以此为基础也建立了衣康酸的生物合成工业。
近年来发现哺乳动物中多种免疫细胞可以产生衣康酸,而其中催化衣康酸产生的代谢酶为顺乌头酸脱羧酶,又称为免疫响应基因1(IRG1,immune-responsive gene 1),其由CAD的同源基因Irg1编码。IRG1介导下游产生的衣康酸在机体抵抗病原体感染和调节免疫应答等方面具有重要功能。IRG1蛋白定位于线粒体,在炎症发生过程中,巨噬细胞的代谢流向糖酵解转换,而线粒体功能则随着耗氧量的降低而下降。琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDH)是三羧酸循环中的限速酶之一,其以琥珀酸为底物反应生成延胡索酸和苹果酸。而衣康酸的化学结构与琥珀酸以及SDH经典抑制剂二甲基丙二酸酯相接近,可竞争性抑制SDH介导的琥珀酸脱氢反应,阻断三羧酸循环的进程,造成琥珀酸的积累。在炎症状态下,细胞的氧化磷酸化高速进行,并伴随线粒体膜电势的提升和ROS的产生,以此介导了IL1、TNF等炎性因子的大量产生;而IRG1介导的衣康酸积累则在巨噬细胞的中引起琥珀酸积累,细胞产生ATP的途径由氧化呼吸链转向糖酵解途径,介导了炎症消退的发生。
此外,衣康酸可以作用于乙醛酸循环发挥抗菌活性。在于宿主长期的进化博弈过程中,细菌进化出了以乙醛酸循环为代表的特殊的代谢方式,使得其能够更好的利用宿主能量物质维持其生存,在葡萄糖匮乏的状态下,乙醛酸循环使细菌能够利用脂肪酸或胆固醇这类乙酰辅酶A来源的碳源保证能量的供应。乙醛酸循环中乙酰辅酶A不会会发生脱羧反应,而是在在异柠檬酸裂解酶(isocitrate lyase,ICL)的催化下,异柠檬酸转化为乙醛酸和琥珀酸。苹果酸合成酶则进一步将乙醛酸和另一个乙酰辅酶分子催化合成苹果酸。衣康酸能够与ICL的活性位点结合,从而对ICL的催化底物琥珀酸产生竞争性抑制效应,限制了下游代谢反应的进行,发挥抗感染的功能。
目前,治疗皮肤炎症性疾病或创伤一般使用外用抗生素或激素类药物。包括红霉素/氯霉素软膏为代表的的抗生素软膏,或含有糖皮质激素的软膏等。虽然这些药物可以部分缓解一些皮肤疾病,但均存在一定成的副作用。如糖皮质激素软膏会导致真菌引起的手足癣、体癣的快速进展,引起毛囊炎、脓疱疮、疖肿病情加重。长期使用抗生素类软膏用来治疗皮肤疾病,也会导致皮肤表面菌群失调,并使得痤疮丙酸杆菌和一些化脓菌获得耐药性,从而加重痤疮的病情。
发明内容
有鉴于现有技术的上述缺陷,本发明提供了一种用于修复皮肤损伤的软膏,要解决的技术问题是修复烧伤、切割伤、表皮感染等皮肤损伤。
为解决上述问题,本发明采取的技术方案是:一种用于修复皮肤损伤的软膏,所述软膏含有衣康酸衍生物。
优选地,所述衣康酸衍生物被配置为能穿过细胞膜并在细胞中转化为衣康酸;或者,所述衣康酸衍生物选自衣康酸二甲酯、4-辛基-衣康酸中一种或几种。
优选地,所述皮肤损伤包括烧伤、切割伤、表皮感染中的一种或几种。
优选地,所述表皮感染为金黄色葡萄球菌感染。
优选地,所述软膏的制备方法包括:
1)提供含有衣康酸衍生物的水相、油相、以及乳化剂;
2)将所述水相、油相、乳化剂进行混合得到所述的软膏。
优选地,在所述水相中,衣康酸衍生物的摩尔浓度为250mmol/L~500mmol/L。
优选地,所述油相包含甜杏仁油与霍霍巴油的混合物。
优选地,所述乳化剂为鲸蜡基聚乙二醇。
优选地,所述水相中还含有大叶海藻提取物、和/或葡聚糖、和/或透明质酸钠。
本发明还提供了试剂在制备用于修复皮肤损伤的软膏中的应用,所述试剂含有衣康酸衍生物。
本发明的有益效果为:
(1)本软膏的主要活性成分是衣康酸衍生物,衣康酸本身并不具有透过细胞膜的性质,本发明中使用了衣康酸衍生物,包括衣康酸二甲酯或4-辛基-衣康酸,优选的使用4-辛基-衣康酸,可以较好地穿过细胞膜并在细胞中转化为衣康酸。
(2)衣康酸介导炎症抑制效应具有一个特点,即其对IL6、IL1β和IL12等经典炎性因子作用明显,可以极大抑制LPS诱导的IκBζ以及以IL6为代表的相关下游基因的表达,但并不影响上游的IκBα-p65转录活动。通过以上机制,衣康酸能够抑制IκBζ的活化以及下游Defb4,S100a7a,Lcn2和S100a9等基因的表达,改善皮肤的炎性损伤。
(3)衣康酸除了可以抑制炎症,可以通过抑制乙醛酸循环发挥抑菌作用。
(4)使用鲸蜡基聚乙二醇作为乳化剂,形成的膏体是油包水型,既具有亲水基团又具有亲油基团,使得使膏体更细腻和滑润,相比油性乳化剂,涂抹皮肤后更加容易吸收。
(5)使用甜杏仁油与霍霍巴油替代传统的凡士林作为油相载体,可以加强透皮吸收,增加药效。
(6)透明质酸钠具有良好的保水性,涂抹在皮肤上可以保持皮肤湿润,使伤口部位的皮肤组织保持最佳状态,加速皮肤自身的修复能力,还能更好地保护皮肤,起到辅助治疗的作用。
(7)β-葡聚糖具有一定抗菌活性,并可以一定程度上辅助清除氧自由基,可以辅助皮肤愈合。
(8)大叶海藻提取物同时具有抗菌活性和保水性,可以辅助皮肤愈合。
(9)本发明的生产工艺简单易行,制造成本低廉,适用于大规模工业化生产,同时保证产品的质量均一性和稳定性更好。
(10)本发明作为局部外用制剂,直接作用于病变局部,将衣康酸衍生物直接作用于受损的皮肤黏膜,显著提高局部药物浓度,具有显著的治疗效果。
以下将结合附图对本发明的构思、具体结构及产生的技术效果作进一步说明,以充分地了解本发明的目的、特征和效果。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施1中烧伤模型的治疗效果的实验结果的示意图。其中,横坐标为术后天数,纵坐标为愈合率。
图2为本发明实施1中皮肤切割伤模型的治疗效果的实验结果的示意图。其中,横坐标为术后天数,纵坐标为愈合率。
图3为本发明实施1中皮肤感染模型的治疗效果的实验结果的示意图。其中,纵坐标为Log10均一化处理后的菌落数量(CFU/g)。
图4为本发明实施2中改良型衣康酸软膏的透皮效率检测示意图。其中,纵坐标为衣康酸含量(pg/1g组织)。
图5为本发明实施4中两种不同的衣康酸衍生物在烧伤模型(A)、皮肤切割伤模型(B)与感染模型(C)中的实验结果的示意图。
具体实施方式
除非另有描述,本发明的实施将采用分子生物学、微生物学、重组DNA和免疫学的常规技术,这些均是本领域技术人员所知的。这些技术在下列文献中有完整的描述:例如,Sambrook《分子克隆实验指南》第2版(1989);《DNA克隆》第I和II卷(D.N.Glover编辑1985);《寡核苷酸合成》(M.J.Gait编辑,1984);《核酸杂交》(B.D.Hames和S.J.Higgins编辑.1984);《蛋白质纯化:原理和实践》第2版(Springer-Verlag,N.Y.),以及《实验免疫学手册》I-IV卷(D.C.Weir和C.C.Blackwell编辑1986)。或者,可按照试剂生产商所提供的说明书进行。
除非另外说明,否则百分比和份数按重量计算。除非另行定义,文中所使用的所有专业与科学用语与本领域熟练人员所熟悉的意义相同。此外,任何与所记载内容相似或均等的方法及材料皆可应用于本发明中。文中所述的较佳实施方法与材料仅作示范之用。
实施例1
(1)含有衣康酸衍生物的软膏的制备
步骤一,水相配制。配置20mmol/L的L4-羟乙基哌嗪乙磺酸作为缓冲体系。称取4-辛基-衣康酸溶解于30mL的缓冲液中,使得4-辛基-衣康酸的摩尔浓度为500mmol/L。配置完成后,加入苯氧乙醇,使得苯氧乙醇的终浓度为1%。
步骤二,油相配制。玉米油按4:1的体积分数混合。配置完成后,加入苯氧乙醇,使得苯氧乙醇的终浓度为1%。将油相液体分别按照总体积的10%量取待用。
步骤三:膏体乳化。将真空均质乳化机的温度设为32℃,搅拌速度为25转/分。加入称量好的油相液体后,加入鲸蜡基聚乙二醇(赢创德固赛ABIL EM180油包水乳化剂)使得鲸蜡基聚乙二醇的浓度为2.5%。混合均匀后边搅拌边向乳化机中以1.25mL/min的速度加入已灭菌的水相。继续搅拌混合均匀,至膏体成型。
步骤四:装料。利用压缩空气将成型膏体从均质乳化机出料口转移至料罐。
(2)对照软膏的制备
步骤一,水相配制。配置20mmol/L的L4-羟乙基哌嗪乙磺酸作为缓冲体系。配置完成后,加入苯氧乙醇,使得苯氧乙醇的终浓度为1%。
步骤二,油相配制。玉米油按4:1的体积分数混合。配置完成后,加入苯氧乙醇,使得苯氧乙醇的终浓度为1%。将油相液体分别按照总体积的10%量取待用。
步骤三:膏体乳化。将真空均质乳化机的温度设为32℃,搅拌速度为25转/分。加入称量好的油相液体后,加入鲸蜡基聚乙二醇(油包水乳化剂)使得鲸蜡基聚乙二醇的浓度为2.5%。混合均匀后边搅拌边向乳化机中以1.25mL/min的速度加入已灭菌的水相。继续搅拌混合均匀,至膏体成型。
步骤四:装料。利用压缩空气将成型膏体从均质乳化机出料口转移至料罐。
(3)烧伤模型的治疗效果
实验方法:使用6周龄健康C57小鼠,用脱毛膏将小鼠后背部毛发去除干净后用碘伏对其进行彻底消毒。使用点状温热烫伤法建模,动物后麻醉,背部固定于烫板下,用点状烫伤器底端借助烫伤器自重,紧贴于实验动物拟烫伤区实施烫伤。点状烫伤器为一中空紫铜圆柱,高11.6cm,底端直径1.5cm,自重0.5kg,进水管接恒温水浴锅,恒温水(80℃±1℃)进入圆柱后,由侧管流出,不循环流转,圆柱外包裹石棉防止散热。使用80℃处理表皮20s造成III度烧伤。小鼠随机分为两组,每组5只。第一组(衣康酸组)采用上面制备的含有衣康酸衍生物的软膏进行治疗,第二组(对照组)采用上面制备的对照软膏进行治疗。分别将软膏(2日/次)局部施用小鼠的创伤部位,随后用伤口敷料覆盖伤口。术后每2天换药,并用数码相机拍摄小鼠伤口部位,使用ImageJ对伤口部位的面积进行缩放和计算。
愈合率=([伤口面积(手术日)-伤口面积(测量日)])/伤口面积(手术日)×100%每组5个伤口闭合率的结果取平均值。
实验结果如图1所示。结果表明,与对照软膏相比,含有衣康酸衍生物的软膏可以显著提高伤口的愈合速度。在烧伤后第7天开始,衣康酸组表现出了明显加速的愈合效果。在烧伤后第12天,衣康酸组的伤口闭合超过80%,显著高于对照组。
(4)皮肤切割伤模型的治疗效果
实验方法:使用6周龄C57,用脱毛膏将小鼠后背部毛发去除干净后用碘伏对其进行彻底消毒。在小鼠的背部区域上创建全厚度(D=5mm)切除皮肤伤口。小鼠随机分为两组,每组5只。第一组(衣康酸组)采用上面制备的含有衣康酸衍生物的软膏进行治疗,第二组(对照组)采用上面制备的对照软膏进行治疗。分别将软膏(2日/次)局部施用小鼠的创伤部位,随后用伤口敷料覆盖伤口。术后每2天换药,并用数码相机拍摄小鼠伤口部位,使用ImageJ对伤口部位的面积进行缩放和计算。
愈合率=([伤口面积(手术日)-伤口面积(测量日)])/伤口面积(手术日)×100%每组5个伤口闭合率的结果取平均值。
实验结果如图2所示。结果表明,与对照软膏相比,含有衣康酸衍生物的软膏可以显著提高伤口的愈合速度。在术后第9天开始,衣康酸组表现出了明显加速的愈合效果。在手术后第19天,衣康酸组伤口完全闭合,显著高于对照组。
(5)皮肤感染模型的治疗效果
动物建模:使用6周龄C57,用脱毛膏将小鼠后背部毛发去除干净后用碘伏对其进行彻底消毒后,用无菌生理盐水棉球擦拭5次去除残余碘伏。使用TAP法建模,造模前腹腔注射戊巴比妥麻醉,用基本相同的力度将医用胶带与脱毛处皮肤紧密粘贴,并用手指连续按压7次后撕脱,每一次粘贴-撕脱过程均更换胶带,连续多次以去除角质层,通过测定TEWL标定皮肤屏障的破坏程度,建模小鼠TEWL需大于70g/m2·h。
菌液制备及感染:金黄色葡萄球菌接种于含1.5%血清的M-H肉汤培养基中振荡培养1h后,调整菌量至7.5×106CFU/mL。于TAP皮损处接种相应的菌液;每只10μL,纱布封包;并于2h后作加强感染,每只20μL,从而得到金黄色葡萄球菌皮肤感染小鼠模型。
局部治疗给药:金黄色葡萄球菌皮肤感染小鼠随机分为两组,每组5只。第一组(衣康酸组)采用上面制备的含有衣康酸衍生物的软膏进行治疗,第二组(对照组)采用上面制备的对照软膏进行治疗,于局部感染病灶给予治疗。首次给药为术后3小时,间隔6小时后第二次给药。随后各组均每日给药两次,给药量为破损部位每次1mg软膏。
感染创面活菌量检查:小鼠于感染后第3天处死,取感染创面皮肤,称重后匀浆,适当稀释后涂于甘露醇氯化钠琼脂培养基,培养18-24h后进行菌落计数。
每组5个菌落数量的结果取平均值。
实验结果如图3所示。结果表明,与对照软膏相比,含有衣康酸衍生物的软膏可以显著抑制金黄色葡萄球菌在皮肤创面生长。
实施例2
(1)含有衣康酸衍生物的软膏的制备
步骤一,水相配制。配置20mmol/L的L4-羟乙基哌嗪乙磺酸作为缓冲体系。称取4-辛基-衣康酸溶解于30mL的缓冲液中,使得4-辛基-衣康酸的摩尔浓度为500mmol/L。充分溶解后,以此加入大叶海藻提取物15mL、2%β葡聚糖20mL、5%透明质酸钠20mL。配置完成后,加入苯氧乙醇,使得苯氧乙醇的终浓度为1%。
步骤二,油相配制。将甜杏仁油(通过甜杏仁果仁压榨获取)与霍霍巴油(又名荷荷巴油,通过Jojoba种子压榨获取)按4:1的体积分数混合。配置完成后,加入苯氧乙醇,使得苯氧乙醇的终浓度为1%。将油相液体分别按照总体积的10%量取待用。
步骤三:膏体乳化。将真空均质乳化机的温度设为32℃,搅拌速度为25转/分。加入称量好的油相液体后,加入鲸蜡基聚乙二醇(油包水乳化剂)使得鲸蜡基聚乙二醇的浓度为2.5%。混合均匀后边搅拌边向乳化机中以1.25mL/min的速度加入已灭菌的水相。继续搅拌混合均匀,至膏体成型。
步骤四:装料。利用压缩空气将成型膏体从均质乳化机出料口转移至料罐。
(2)改良型乳膏的透皮效果研究
使用6周龄健康C57小鼠,随机分为三组,每组5只。第一组(对照组)采用实施例1制备的对照软膏进行透皮效果实验,第二组(衣康酸软膏组)采用实施例1制备的含有衣康酸衍生物的软膏进行透皮效果实验,第二组(改良软膏组)采用本实施例制备的含有衣康酸衍生物的软膏进行透皮效果实验。透皮效果实验的方法如下。
取等量的软膏(0.5g),在裸鼠背部进行涂抹,2小时后使用湿润棉球擦拭涂抹面后,切取面积相近的皮肤组织,刮取真皮层组织,使用液相色谱-质谱对衣康酸含量进行定量。
每组5个含量的结果取平均值。
结果表明,本实施例制备的衣康酸衍生物软膏(改良软膏组)可以有效增加真皮层中衣康酸浓度,具有更好的透皮效果(图4)。
实施例3
(1)含有衣康酸衍生物的软膏的制备
步骤一,水相配制。配置10mmol/L的L4-羟乙基哌嗪乙磺酸作为缓冲体系。称取4-辛基-衣康酸溶解于30mL的缓冲液中,使得4-辛基-衣康酸的摩尔浓度为250mmol/L。充分溶解后,以此加入大叶海藻提取物10mL、2%β葡聚糖10mL、5%透明质酸钠10mL。配置完成后,加入苯氧乙醇,使得苯氧乙醇的终浓度为1%。
步骤二,油相配制。将甜杏仁油(通过甜杏仁果仁压榨获取)与霍霍巴油(又名荷荷巴油,通过Jojoba种子压榨获取)按3:1的体积分数混合。配置完成后,加入苯氧乙醇,使得苯氧乙醇的终浓度为1%。将油相液体分别按照总体积的8%量取待用。
步骤三:膏体乳化。将真空均质乳化机的温度设为32℃,搅拌速度为25转/分。加入称量好的油相液体后,加入鲸蜡基聚乙二醇(赢创德固赛ABIL EM180油包水乳化剂)使得鲸蜡基聚乙二醇的浓度为2%。混合均匀后边搅拌边向乳化机中以1.25mL/min的速度加入已灭菌的水相。继续搅拌混合均匀,至膏体成型。
步骤四:装料。利用压缩空气将成型膏体从均质乳化机出料口转移至料罐。
(2)皮肤损伤模型的治疗效果
采用上述制备的含有衣康酸衍生物的软膏对皮肤烧伤模型、皮肤切割伤模型、皮肤感染模型进行治疗,模型的制备方法及治疗方法与实施例1相同。
结果表明,相对于实施例2中的含有衣康酸衍生物的软膏,本实施例中的含有衣康酸衍生物的软膏的针对皮肤烧伤模型、皮肤切割伤模型、皮肤感染模型的治疗效果基本相同。
实施例4
(1)含有衣康酸衍生物的软膏的制备
步骤一,水相配制。配置20mmol/L的L4-羟乙基哌嗪乙磺酸作为缓冲体系。称取等摩尔量的衣康酸二甲酯(相对于实施1中的4-辛基-衣康酸)溶解于30mL的缓冲液中,使衣康酸衍生物终浓度达到500mmol/L。充分溶解后,以此加入大叶海藻提取物15mL、2%β葡聚糖20mL、5%透明质酸钠20mL。配置完成后,加入苯氧乙醇,使得苯氧乙醇的终浓度为1%。
步骤二,油相配制。将甜杏仁油(通过甜杏仁果仁压榨获取)与霍霍巴油(又名荷荷巴油,通过Jojoba种子压榨获取)按4:1的体积分数混合。配置完成后,加入苯氧乙醇,使得苯氧乙醇的终浓度为1%。将油相液体分别按照总体积的10%量取待用。
步骤三:膏体乳化。将真空均质乳化机的温度设为32℃,搅拌速度为25转/分。加入称量好的油相液体后,加入鲸蜡基聚乙二醇()使得鲸蜡基聚乙二醇的浓度为2.5%。混合均匀后边搅拌边向乳化机中以1.25mL/min的速度加入已灭菌的水相。继续搅拌混合均匀,至膏体成型。
步骤四:装料。利用压缩空气将成型膏体从均质乳化机出料口转移至料罐。
(2)皮肤损伤模型的治疗效果
采用上述制备的含有衣康酸衍生物的软膏对皮肤烧伤模型、皮肤切割伤模型、皮肤感染模型进行治疗,模型的制备方法及治疗方法与实施例1相同。
结果表明,相对于实施例2中的含有衣康酸衍生物的软膏,本实施例中的含有衣康酸衍生物衣康酸二甲酯的软膏的针对皮肤烧伤模型、皮肤切割伤模型、皮肤感染模型的治疗效果基本相同(图5)。
以上详细描述了本发明的较佳具体实施例。应当理解,本领域的普通技术人员无需创造性劳动就可以根据本发明的构思作出诸多修改和变化。因此,凡本技术领域中技术人员依本发明的构思在现有技术的基础上通过逻辑分析、推理或者有限的实验可以得到的技术方案,皆应在由权利要求书所确定的保护范围内。
Claims (10)
1.一种用于修复皮肤损伤的软膏,其特征在于,所述软膏含有衣康酸衍生物。
2.如权利要求1所述的软膏,其特征在于,所述衣康酸衍生物被配置为能穿过细胞膜并在细胞中转化为衣康酸;或者,所述衣康酸衍生物选自衣康酸二甲酯、4-辛基-衣康酸中一种或几种。
3.如权利要求1所述的软膏,其特征在于,所述皮肤损伤包括烧伤、切割伤、表皮感染中的一种或几种。
4.如权利要求3所述的软膏,其特征在于,所述表皮感染为金黄色葡萄球菌感染。
5.如权利要求1所述的软膏,其特征在于,所述软膏的制备方法包括:
1)提供含有衣康酸衍生物的水相、油相、以及乳化剂;
2)将所述水相、油相、乳化剂进行混合得到所述的软膏。
6.如权利要求5所述的软膏,其特征在于,在所述水相中,衣康酸衍生物的摩尔浓度为250mmol/L~500mmol/L。
7.如权利要求5所述的软膏,其特征在于,所述油相包含甜杏仁油与霍霍巴油的混合物。
8.如权利要求5所述的软膏,其特征在于,所述乳化剂为鲸蜡基聚乙二醇。
9.如权利要求5所述的软膏,其特征在于,所述水相中还含有大叶海藻提取物、和/或葡聚糖、和/或透明质酸钠。
10.试剂在制备用于修复皮肤损伤的软膏中的应用,其特征在于,所述试剂含有衣康酸衍生物。
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