CN115103850B - 2-甲氧基雌二醇衍生物及其医学用途 - Google Patents
2-甲氧基雌二醇衍生物及其医学用途 Download PDFInfo
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- CN115103850B CN115103850B CN202080086810.7A CN202080086810A CN115103850B CN 115103850 B CN115103850 B CN 115103850B CN 202080086810 A CN202080086810 A CN 202080086810A CN 115103850 B CN115103850 B CN 115103850B
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Abstract
本发明涉及新颖的2‑甲氧基雌二醇衍生物及其医学用途。特别地,本发明的新颖的衍生物用于治疗或预防肝或肺纤维化。因此,本发明还提供了本发明的2‑甲氧基雌二醇衍生物的医学用途。本发明还提供了一种治疗或预防肝或肺纤维化的方法,该方法包括给药有效量的本发明的2‑甲氧基雌二醇衍生物。
Description
技术领域
本申请要求于2019年10月15日在大韩民国提交的韩国专利申请号10-2019-0127951的优先权,其全部内容通过援引并入本文。
本公开涉及用于治疗或预防肝或肺纤维化的一组化合物。
背景技术
纤维化是在修复或反应过程中在器官或组织中形成过多的纤维结缔组织。在纤维化中,肝或肺纤维化是一种急切需要得到良好治疗的疾病。
肝纤维化是由严重的炎症和ECM蛋白过度积累引起的。由于晚期肝纤维化导致肝硬化,其直接与肝硬化的高死亡率相关。由于肝移植可能是晚期肝纤维化和肝硬化的唯一治疗选项,因此强烈期待抗纤维化剂。尽管肝纤维化是非常普遍的疾病,但仍然没有经批准的治疗方法,原因是肝纤维化有许多病因和并发症。肝纤维化的主要病因是慢性肝炎病毒感染、酗酒、药物性肝损伤(DILI)、胆汁淤积和NASH等。
肺纤维化是指肺内纤维结缔组织增生,导致正常肺结构破坏以及使肺组织硬化和衰退的病症。特别地,特发性肺纤维化是一种慢性炎症细胞侵入肺泡壁,引起各种变化使肺硬化,引起肺组织发生严重的结构变化,以及使肺功能逐渐衰退的疾病。目前还没有有效的治疗。此外,放疗常用于无法切除NSCLC肿瘤的患者;然而,其常导致辐射诱发的肺纤维化(RIPF)。迄今为止,已知Roche的Esbriet(活性成分:吡非尼酮(pirfenidone))和Boehringer Ingelheim的Ofev(活性成分:尼达尼布(nintedanib))治疗或改善这些肺纤维化,但这些药物只是延缓肺功能的减退。因此,需要找到更佳的药物。
本发明的公开内容
技术问题
因此,本公开的一个目的是提供一种用于治疗或预防包括肝和肺纤维化的纤维化的化合物、包括该化合物作为活性成分(有效剂)的药物组合物及其用于治疗或预防纤维化的医学用途。
本公开的其他目的是提供一种用于治疗或减轻包括肝和肺纤维化的纤维化的方法,该方法包括向需要治疗、减轻或预防纤维化的受试者给药根据本公开的化合物。
问题的解决方案
发明内容
为了实现该目的,在一种实施方式中,提供了一种化学式1的化合物:
或其药学上可接受的盐,
在化学式1中,
n为0、1、2或3
A是选自由以下组成的组的部分:苯基、萘基、吡啶基和嘧啶基,其中A未被取代或任选地被选自由以下组成的组的至少一个取代基取代:卤素、NO2、-O-C1-4烷基、OH、CN、NH2、COOH、-C1-4烷基、-卤代-C1-4烷基、-C1-4卤代烷氧基、苯基、吡咯基和吡咯烷基,
B是H、-S(O)2-R1、-C(O)-R1或-OC(O)-R1,以及
R1是苯基、-C1-4烷基、萘基、NH2、OH或CN,其中R1的苯基、烷基和萘基未被取代或任选地被选自由以下组成的组的至少一个取代基取代:卤素、NO2、-O-C1-4烷基、OH、CN、NH2、COOH、苯基、-C1-4烷基、-卤代-C1-4烷基和-C1-4卤代烷氧基。
在其他实施方式中,提供了一种药物组合物,其包括化学式1的化合物或药学上可接受的盐,以及药学上可接受的载体或添加剂。
在又其他实施方式中,提供了一种用于治疗纤维化的方法,其包括向受试者给药治疗有效量的化学式1的化合物或药学上可接受的盐。纤维化包括但不限于肝纤维化或肺纤维化。根据本公开的化学式的化合物或药学上可接受的盐也用于治疗或预防纤维化。即,提供了化学式1的化合物或药学上可接受的盐用于治疗纤维化诸如肝纤维化或肺纤维化的医学用途。
在下面的详细描述中对上述化合物、药物组合物及其医学用途进行了更充分的描述。
具体实施方式
以下描述本质上仅是示例性的,并不旨在限制本公开、应用或用途。
定义
为清楚起见,在此对本公开中使用的通用术语作出定义。
本说明书可互换地使用术语“取代基”、“自由基”、“基团”、“部分(moiety)”和“片段”。
如本文所用,术语“烷基”意指具有1至10个碳原子的饱和直链或支链非环状烃,除非上下文另有明确规定。“低级烷基”意指具有1至4个碳原子的烷基。代表性的饱和直链烷基包括-甲基、-乙基、-正丙基、-正丁基、-正戊基、-正己基、-正庚基、-正辛基、-正壬基和-正癸基;而饱和支链烷基包括-异丙基、-仲丁基、-异丁基、-叔丁基、-异戊基、2-甲基丁基、3-甲基丁基、2-甲基戊基、3-甲基戊基、4-甲基戊基、2-甲基己基、3-甲基己基、4-甲基己基、5-甲基己基、2,3-二甲基丁基、2,3-二甲基戊基、2,4-二甲基戊基、2,3-二甲基己基、2,4-二甲基己基、2,5-二甲基己基、2,2-二甲基戊基、2,2-二甲基己基、3,3-二甲基戊基、3,3-二甲基己基、4,4-二甲基己基、2-乙基戊基、3-乙基戊基、2-乙基己基、3-乙基己基、4-乙基己基、2-甲基-2-乙基戊基、2-甲基-3-乙基戊基、2-甲基-4-乙基戊基、2-甲基-2-乙基己基、2-甲基-3-乙基己基、2-甲基-4-乙基己基、2,2-二乙基戊基、3,3-二乙基己基、2,2-二乙基己基、3,3-二乙基己基等。
如本文所用,如果使用术语“C1-C6”,则它意指碳原子数为1至6。例如,C1-C6烷基意指碳数为1至6的任何整数的烷基。
术语“卤素”和“卤代”意指氟、氯、溴或碘。
如本文所用,术语“卤代烷基”、“卤代烷氧基”、“卤代烯基”或“卤代炔基”分别意指烷基、烷氧基、烯基或炔基基团,其中一个或多个氢原子被卤素原子取代。例如,卤代烷基包括-CF3、-CHF2、-CH2F、-CBr3、-CHBr2、-CH2Br、-CC13、-CHC12、-CH2CI、-CI3、-CHI2、-CH2I、-CH2-CF3、-CH2-CHF2、-CH2-CH2F、-CH2-CBr3、-CH2-CHBr2、-CH2-CH2Br、-CH2-CC13、-CH2-CHC12、-CH2-CH2CI、-CH2-CI3、-CH2-CHI2、-CH2-CH2I等,其中烷基和卤素如上文所述。
术语“羟基烷基”意指具有的一个或多个氢原子被羟基取代的烷基,其中烷基如上文所定义,包括-CH2OH、-CH2CHOH、-(CH)CHOH、-(CH2)3CH2OH、-(CH2)4CH2OH、-(CH2)5CH2OH、-CH(OH)-CH3、-CH2CH(OH)CH3等。
如本文所用,术语“取代的”意指其中被取代的部分的至少一个氢原子被取代基替代的任何上述基团(即烷基、芳基、杂芳基、杂环或环烷基)。在一种实施方式中,被取代的基团的每个碳原子被不超过两个取代基取代。在其他实施方式中,被取代的基团的每个碳原子被不超过一个取代基取代。在酮基取代基的情况下,两个氢原子被氧替代,氧通过双键连接至碳。除非明确定义,否则取代基包括卤素、羟基、(低级)烷基、卤代烷基、单或二烷基氨基、芳基、杂环、-NO2、-NRaRb、-NRaC(=O)Rb、-NRaC(=O)NRaRb、-NRaC(=O)ORb、-NRaSO2Rb、-ORa、-CN、-C(=O)Ra、-C(=O)ORa、-C(=O)NRaRb、-OC(=O)Ra、-OC(=O)ORa、-OC(=O)NRaRb、-NRaSO2Rb、-PO3Ra、-PO(ORa)(ORb)、-SO2Ra、-S(O)Ra、-SO(N)Ra(例如,亚砜亚胺)、-(Ra)S=NRb(例如,硫亚胺)和-SRa,其中Ra和Rb相同或不同并且独立地为氢、卤素、氨基、烷基、卤代烷基、芳基或杂环,或者其中Ra和Rb与它们所连接的氮原子一起形成杂环。Ra和Rb可以是基于它们所连接的原子的复数形式。
如本文所用,术语“患者”意指动物,优选哺乳动物,诸如非灵长类动物(例如,牛、马、羊、猪、鸡、火鸡、鹌鹑、猫、狗、小鼠、大鼠、兔或豚鼠)或灵长类动物(例如,猴和人),最优选人。
如本文所用,术语“一种或多种药学上可接受的盐”是指由根据本公开的活性化合物与相对于活性化合物相对无毒的酸或碱制备的盐,这取决于那些化合物的具体取代基。当化合物具有相对酸性的基团时,可以通过使中性化合物与足量的所需碱和纯的或惰性的溶剂接触来获得碱加成盐。合适的药学上可接受的碱加成盐包括但不限于钠、氢氧化钠、钾、氢氧化钾、钙、氢氧化钙、铝、有机氨基、镁、氢氧化镁、氢氧化锌、氨、精氨酸、苯乙苄胺、苄星(benzathine)、胆碱、二甲基乙醇胺、二乙胺、乙醇胺、乙二胺、葡糖胺、哈胺(hydrabamine)、咪唑、赖氨酸、吗啉、哌嗪、吡咯烷、仲胺、三甲胺、氨丁三醇盐等。当化合物具有相对碱性的基团时,可以通过使中性化合物与足量的所需酸和纯的或惰性的溶剂接触来获得酸加成盐。合适的药学上可接受的酸加成盐包括衍生自无毒的有机酸和无毒的无机酸的盐,这些无毒的有机酸包括但不限于乙酸、丙酸、异丁酸、草酸、马来酸、丙二酸、苯甲酸、琥珀酸、辛二酸、富马酸、扁桃酸、邻苯二甲酸、苯磺酸、对甲苯基磺酸、柠檬酸、酒石酸、甲烷磺酸等,这些无毒的无机酸包括但不限于盐酸、氢溴酸、硝酸、碳酸、一氢碳酸、磷酸、一氢磷酸、二氢磷酸、硫酸、一氢硫酸、碘化氢、亚磷酸等。它还包括氨基酸的盐诸如精氨酸盐或其类似物,并且它还包括有机酸诸如葡萄糖醛酸或半乳糖醛酸的类似物。本公开的一些特定化合物具有碱性官能度和酸性官能度两者,用于转化化合物具有碱性或酸性部分(加成)盐。
如本文所用,术语“有效量”包括足以破坏、修饰、控制或去除器官或组织像肝或肺中过量纤维结缔组织的形成;延迟或最小化过量纤维结缔组织的扩散;或者在治疗或管理纤维化中提供治疗益处的本公开化合物的量。如本文所用,术语“预防有效量”是指足以在患者中预防过量纤维结缔组织复发或扩散或者出现过量纤维结缔组织的化合物的量。
如本文所用,术语“预防”包括在患者中预防过量纤维结缔组织的复发、扩散或发作。
如本文所用,术语“治疗”包括根除、去除、修饰或控制过量的纤维结缔组织;以及将过量纤维结缔组织的扩散最小化或者延迟过量纤维结缔组织的扩散。
如本文所用,短语“一种或多种本公开的化合物”包括一种或多种化学式1的任何化合物或药学上可接受的盐,及其笼合物、水合物、溶剂化物或多晶型物。并且,即使术语“一种或多种本公开的化合物”未提及其药学上可接受的盐,该术语也包括其盐。在一种实施方式中,本公开的化合物包括立体化学纯的化合物,例如,基本上不含(例如,大于85%ee、大于90%ee、大于95%ee、大于97%ee或大于99%ee)其他立体异构体的那些。
如本文所用,术语“多晶型物”是指本公开的化合物或其络合物的固体结晶形式。同一化合物的不同多晶型物可以表现出不同的物理、化学和/或光谱特性。不同的物理特性包括但不限于稳定性(例如,对热或光)、可压缩性和密度(在制剂和产品制造中重要)以及溶出速率(其可影响生物利用度)。稳定性的差异可能是由于化学反应性(例如,不同的氧化,使得由一种多晶型物构成的剂型比由另一种多晶型物构成的剂型变色更快)或机械特征(例如,片剂在储存时因在动力学上有利的多晶型物转变为在热力学上更稳定的多晶型物而破碎)或两者(例如,一种多晶型物的片剂在高湿度下更易于分解)的变化。多晶型物的不同物理特性会影响它们的加工。例如,由于例如其颗粒的形状或尺寸分布,一种多晶型物可能比另一种多晶型物更可能形成溶剂化物,或者可能更难以过滤或洗涤没有杂质。
如本文所用,术语“溶剂化物”意指进一步包括化学计量或非化学计量的量的通过非共价分子间力结合的溶剂的根据本公开的化合物或其盐。优选的溶剂是挥发性的、无毒的和/或就以痕量给药于人而言是可接受的。
如本文所用,术语“水合物”意指进一步包括化学计量或非化学计量的量的通过非共价分子间力结合的水的根据本公开的化合物或其盐。
如本文所用,术语“笼合物”意指晶格形式的化合物或其盐,该晶格包括具有客体分子(例如,溶剂或水)被捕获其中的空间(例如,通道)。
如本文所用,术语“纯化的”意指当分离时,分离物纯度大于90%,在一种实施方式中纯度大于95%,在其他实施方式中纯度大于99%以及在其他实施方式中纯度大于99.9%。
术语“药学上可接受的”意指适用于药物制备,通常被认为对于这样的用途而言是安全的,由国家或州政府的监管机构正式批准用于这样的用途,或登记于韩国或美国药典或其他公认的用于动物以及更特别是人的药典中。
本公开的化合物
提供了化学式1的化合物:
[化学式1]
或其药学上可接受的盐,
在化学式1中,
n为0、1、2或3
A是选自由以下组成的组的部分:苯基、萘基、吡啶基和嘧啶基,其中A未被取代或任选地被选自由以下组成的组的至少一个取代基取代:卤素、NO2、-O-C1-4烷基、OH、CN、NH2、COOH、-C1-4烷基、-卤代-C1-4烷基、-C1-4卤代烷氧基、苯基、吡咯基和吡咯烷基,
B是H、-S(O)2-R1、-C(O)-R1或-OC(O)-R1,以及
R1是苯基、-C1-4烷基、萘基、NH2、OH或CN,其中R1的苯基、烷基和萘基未被取代或任选地被选自由以下组成的组的至少一个取代基取代:卤素、NO2、-O-C1-4烷基、OH、CN、NH2、COOH、苯基、-C1-4烷基、-卤代-C1-4烷基和-C1-4卤代烷氧基。
在其他实施方式中,在化学式1中,
n为0、1或2,
A是选自由以下组成的组的部分:苯基、萘基和吡啶基,其中A未被取代或任选地被选自由以下组成的组的至少一个取代基取代:卤素、NO2、-O-C1-4烷基、OH、CN、NH2、COOH、-C1-4烷基、-卤代-C1-4烷基、苯基、吡咯基和吡咯烷基,
B是H、-S(O)2-R1或-C(O)-R1,以及
R1是苯基、-C1-4烷基、萘基、NH2、OH或CN,其中R1的苯基、烷基和萘基未被取代或任选地被选自由以下组成的组的至少一个取代基取代:卤素、NO2、-O-C1-4烷基、OH、CN、NH2、COOH、-C1-4烷基和-卤代-C1-4烷基。
优选地,在又其他实施方式中,在化学式1中,
n为0、1或2,
A是苯基或萘基,其中A未被取代或任选地被选自由以下组成的组的至少一个取代基取代:卤素、NO2、-O-C1-4烷基和OH,
B是H、-S(O)2-R1或-C(O)-R1,以及
R1是苯基、-C1-4烷基、萘基或NH2,其中R1的苯基、烷基和萘基未被取代或任选地被至少一个卤素取代。
发明人已经合成并评价了许多化合物以找出用于治疗或预防纤维化的化合物。最后,本公开的化合物被鉴定为适用于本公开的目的。本公开的化合物对预防、抑制或缓解肺或肝纤维化具有非常好的作用。
本公开的化合物的非限制性实例包括下表1的化合物及其药学上可接受的盐。
[表1]
优选地,在又其他实施方式中,本公开提供了
(13S,17S)-17-羟基-2-甲氧基-13-甲基-7,8,9,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-十氢-6H-环戊二烯并[a]菲-3-基苯磺酸酯,
(13S,17S)-2-甲氧基-13-甲基-7,8,9,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-十氢-6H-环戊二烯并[a]菲-3,17-二基二苯磺酸酯,
(13S,17S)-2-甲氧基-13-甲基-17-((甲基磺酰基)氧基)-7,8,9,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-十氢-6H-环戊二烯并[a]菲-3-基苯磺酸酯,
(13S,17S)-2-甲氧基-13-甲基-7,8,9,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-十氢-6H-环戊二烯并[a]菲-3,17-二基双(萘-2-磺酸酯),或其药学上可接受的盐。
上述四种化合物及其药学上可接受的盐非常适合本公开的目的。
在又其他实施方式中,提供了一种药物组合物,其包括治疗有效量的化学式1的化合物或药学上可接受的盐,以及药学上可接受的载体。
在其他实施方式中,提供了一种用于治疗或预防纤维化的方法,其包括向有此需要的受试者给药治疗有效量的化学式1的化合物或药学上可接受的盐。纤维化包括但不限于肝纤维化或肺纤维化。肝纤维化包括但不限于由慢性肝炎病毒感染、酗酒、药物性肝损伤(DILI)、胆汁淤积或NASH(非酒精性脂肪性肝炎)引起的纤维化。肺纤维化包括但不限于辐射诱发的肺纤维化或特发性肺纤维化。在其他实施方式中,受试者是人。
即,提供了化学式1或其药学上可接受的盐的医学用途,其中将化学式1或其药学上可接受的盐用作有效剂。在一种实施方式中,医学用途是用于治疗或预防上述纤维化。
还提供了一种用于治疗或预防上述纤维化的方法,其包括向有此需要的受试者给药治疗有效量的化学式1的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐。
本公开的化合物通常以治疗有效量给药。
本公开的化合物可以通过任何合适的途径以适合这样的途径的药物组合物的形式并且以对预期治疗有效的剂量给药。有效剂量通常在约0.001至约100mg/kg体重/天的范围内,优选约0.01至约50mg/kg/天,以单次或分次剂量。根据年龄、物种和所治疗的疾病或病症,低于该范围下限的剂量水平可能是合适的。在其他情况下,可以使用还更大的剂量而没有有害的副作用。较大的剂量也可以分成几个较小的剂量,用于全天给药。用于确定合适剂量的方法在本公开所属领域中是公知的。
药物组合物、剂型和给药途径
为了治疗上述疾病或病症,可以如下给药本文所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐:
口服给药
本公开的化合物可以口服给药,包括通过吞咽,使得化合物进入胃肠道,或者直接从口腔吸收到血流中(例如,口或舌下给药)。
适合口服给药的组合物包括固体、液体、凝胶或粉末制剂,并且具有剂型诸如片剂、锭剂、胶囊、颗粒剂或散剂。
用于口服给药的组合物可配制成即释或改良释放,包括延迟或持续释放,任选地带有肠溶包衣。
液体制剂可以包括溶液、糖浆剂和混悬剂,它们可以用于软胶囊或硬胶囊。这样的制剂可以包括药学上可接受的载体,例如水、乙醇、聚乙二醇、纤维素或油。该制剂还可以包括一种或多种乳化剂和/或助悬剂。
在片剂剂型中,存在的药物量可以为剂型的按重量计约0.05%至约95%,更通常为按重量计约2%至约50%。此外,片剂可包含崩解剂,占剂型的按重量约0.5%至约35%,更通常为约2%至约25%。崩解剂的实例包括但不限于乳糖、淀粉、羟基乙酸淀粉钠、交联聚维酮、交联羧甲基纤维素钠、麦芽糊精或其混合物。
适用于片剂的润滑剂可以以按重量计约0.1%至约5%的量存在,并且包括但不限于滑石、二氧化硅、硬脂酸、硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸锌或硬脂酸镁、硬脂酰醇富马酸钠等。
适用于片剂的粘结剂包括但不限于明胶、聚乙二醇、糖、胶、淀粉、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、羟丙基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素等。适用于片剂的稀释剂包括但不限于甘露醇、木糖醇、乳糖、右旋糖、蔗糖、山梨糖醇、微晶纤维素和淀粉。
适用于片剂的增溶剂可以以按重量计约0.1%至约3%的量存在,并且包括但不限于聚山梨醇酯、月桂基硫酸钠、十二烷基硫酸钠、碳酸亚丙酯、二乙二醇单乙醚、异山梨醇二甲醚、聚乙二醇(天然的或氢化的)蓖麻油、HCORTM(Nikkol)、油烯基酯、GelucireTM、辛酸/辛酸甘油单酯/甘油二酯、山梨聚糖脂肪酸酯和Solutol HSTM。
肠胃外给药
本公开的化合物可以直接给药到血流、肌肉或内部器官中。适用于肠胃外给药的方式包括静脉内、肌肉内、皮下动脉内、腹腔内、鞘内、颅内等。适用于肠胃外给药的装置包括注射器(包括针和无针注射器)和输注方法。
用于肠胃外给药的组合物可以配制成即释或改良释放,包括延迟或持续释放。
大多数肠胃外制剂是包含赋形剂的水性溶液,包括盐、缓冲剂和等渗剂。
肠胃外制剂也可以制备成脱水形式(例如,通过冻干)或无菌非水性溶液。这些制剂可以与合适的负载体诸如无菌水一起使用。溶解度增强剂也可用于制备肠胃外溶液。
局部给药
本公开的化合物可以局部给药至皮肤或经皮给药。用于该局部给药的制剂可以包括洗剂、溶液、乳膏、凝胶、水凝胶、软膏、泡沫、植入物、贴剂等。用于局部给药制剂的药学上可接受的载体可以包括水、醇、矿物油、甘油、聚乙二醇等。局部给药也可以通过电穿孔、离子电渗疗法、超声透入疗法等进行。
用于局部给药的组合物可以配制成即释或改良释放,包括延迟或持续释放。
用于制备药物组合物的参考文献
用于制备用于治疗或预防疾病或病症的药物组合物的方法在本公开内容所属领域中是公知的。例如,基于Remington:the science and practice of pharmacy(22nd ed.,Pharmaceutical Press 2013),可以选择药学上可接受的赋形剂、载体、添加剂等,以及然后与本公开的化合物混合以制造药物组合物。
本发明的有利作用
本公开提供了用于治疗或预防纤维化的化合物、具有该化合物作为有效剂的药物组合物、该化合物的医学用途,特别是用于治疗或预防纤维化的医学用途,以及包括将该化合物给药于需要这样的治疗或预防的受试者的治疗方法。
附图说明
图1和图2示出了2-ME衍生物对RIPF的体内功效的验证结果。示出经苏木精和伊红染色的来自照射后2周的小鼠的肺切片的代表性图像。用Masson三色染色对肺切片进行染色以可视化蓝色胶原沉积,并确定对胶原沉积程度的定量评估(*p<0.05,**p<0.01,***p<0.001,****p<0.0001,ns与负载体相比不显著)。
图3至图6示出了2-ME衍生物对肝纤维化的体内功效的验证结果。
在图1至图6中,编号(No.)意指表3和表4中列出的化合物的编号。
发明方式
在下文中,通过实施例对本公开进行相当详细的描述,以帮助本领域技术人员理解本公开。然而,以下实施例以说明的方式提供,并不旨在限制本发明的范围。显然,可以在不背离本发明的精神和范围或牺牲其所有重要优势的情况下进行各种改变。
本文使用的缩写和符号与化学和生物领域的技术人员对这样的缩写和符号的常用用法一致。特别地,以下缩写可用于实施例及整个说明书中。
RIPF(辐射诱发的肺纤维化)
NASH(非酒精性脂肪性肝炎)
ECM(细胞外基质)
2-ME(2-甲氧基雌二醇)
EndMT(内皮-至-间充质转化)
HUVEC(人脐静脉内皮细胞)
g(克)mg(毫克)
kg(千克)μg(微克)
L(升)mL(毫升)
μL(微升)rt(室温)
M(摩尔)mM(毫摩尔)
μM(微摩尔)nM(纳摩尔)
mol(摩尔)mmol(毫摩尔)
min(分钟)h(小时)
MeOH(甲醇)EtOH(乙醇)
DCM(二氯甲烷)THF(四氢呋喃)
EtOAc(乙酸乙酯)Ac2O(乙酸酐)
TEA(三乙胺)K2CO3(碳酸钾)
Pd/C(钯碳)BnBr(苄基溴)
DMAP(4-二甲基氨基吡啶)KI(碘化钾)
Na2CO3(碳酸钠)Na2SO4(硫酸钠)
本公开化合物的制备
在下文中,描述了本公开的一些化合物的说明性合成实施例,并且可以通过与下文描述的方法类似的方法用不同的起始材料或反应材料制备其他化合物。
方案1
合成A的通用程序
向2-甲氧基雌二醇(0.99mmol)在吡啶(2mL)中的搅拌溶液中添加苯磺酰氯(4.96mmol),并将混合物在室温下搅拌6小时。反应完成后,将反应混合物倒入水中,以及然后用EtOAc(15mL)萃取数次。将合并的有机层用盐水(10mL)洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并真空浓缩。通过快速柱色谱法纯化所得粗残余物,得到A。
方案2
合成B的通用程序
向2-甲氧基雌二醇(0.99mmol)在无水DCM(2mL)中的搅拌溶液中添加TEA(9.92mmol)、苯磺酰氯(4.96mmol),并将混合物在室温下搅拌16小时。反应完成后,将反应混合物倒入水中,以及然后用DCM(15mL)萃取数次。将合并的有机层用盐水(10mL)洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并真空浓缩。通过快速柱色谱法纯化所得粗残余物,得到B。
方案3
合成C的通用程序
向B(0.45mmol)在无水DCM(5mL)中的搅拌溶液中添加三甲胺(1.36mmol)、甲磺酰氯(0.90mmol),并将混合物在室温下搅拌16小时。反应完成后,将反应混合物倒入水中,以及然后用DCM(15mL)萃取数次。将合并的有机层用盐水(10mL)洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并真空浓缩。通过快速柱色谱法纯化所得粗残余物,得到C。
方案4
合成D1的通用程序
向2-甲氧基雌二醇(16.53mmol)在EtOH(100mL)中的搅拌溶液中添加碳酸钾(49.60mmol)、BnBr(49.60mmol),并将混合物在室温下搅拌16小时。反应完成后,将反应混合物浓缩,以及然后在EtOAc中溶解。将有机溶液用Na2CO3水溶液(饱和100mL)和盐水(10mL)洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并真空浓缩。通过快速柱色谱法纯化所得粗残余物,得到D1。
淡黄色固体;1H NMR(400MHz,丙酮-d6)δ7.48(d,J=7.6Hz,2H),7.39(t,J=2.8Hz,2H),7.33-7.29(m,1H),6.90(s,1H),5.06(s,2H),3.79(s,1H),3.75-3.65(m,1H),3.56(d,J=5.2Hz,1H);LCMS(ESI)m/z 583(M+H)+。
合成D2的通用程序
向D1(1.27mmol)在吡啶(5ml)中的搅拌溶液中添加Ac2O(6.37mmol),并将混合物在室温下搅拌16小时。反应完成后,将反应混合物倒入水中,以及然后用EtOAc(15mL)萃取数次。将合并的有机层用盐水(10mL)洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并真空浓缩。通过快速柱色谱法纯化所得粗残余物,得到D2。
白色固体;1H NMR(400MHz,丙酮-d6)δ7.48(d,J=7.2Hz,2H),7.38(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),7.37-7.29(m,1H),6.89(s,1H),6.73(s,1H),5.06(s,2H),4.67(t,J=7.6Hz,1H),3.80(s,3H),2.89-2.73(m,3H),2.38-2.30(m,1H),2.27-2.12(m.2H),1.97(s,3H),1.91-1.83(m,2H),1.80-1.71(m,1H),1.60-1.51(m,1H),1.50-1.39(m,5H),1.38-1.28(m,3H),0.86(s,3H);LCMS(ESI)m/z435(M+H)+。
合成D3的通用程序
向D2(0.83mmol)在EtOAc和MeOH(比率为3:1,4mL)的混合物中的搅拌溶液中添加10%Pd/C(30mg),并将所得溶液在H2下在室温下4小时。反应完成后,通过二氧化硅过滤出钯,真空浓缩滤液。通过快速柱色谱法纯化所得粗残余物,得到D3。
淡黄色固体;1H NMR(400MHz,丙酮-d6)δ7.19(brs,1H),6.85(s,1H),6.52(s,1H),4.66(t,J=8.4Hz,1H),3.80(s,3H),2.77-2.60(m,2H),2.47-2.28(m,1H),2.26-2.12(m.2H),2.00(s,3H),1.92-1.83(m,2H),1.81-1.73(m,1H),1.60-1.52(m,1H),1.50-1.40(m,4H),1.38-1.26(m,3H),0.86(s,3H);LCMS(ESI)m/z 345(M+H)+。
合成D4的通用程序
向D3(0.17mmol)在无水DCM(2mL)中的搅拌溶液中添加TEA(0.52mmol)、苯磺酰氯(0.348mmol),并将混合物在室温下搅拌16小时。反应完成后,将反应混合物倒入水中,以及然后用DCM(15mL)萃取数次。将合并的有机层用盐水(10mL)洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并真空浓缩。通过快速柱色谱法纯化所得粗残余物,得到D4。
白色固体;1H NMR(400MHz,丙酮-d6)δ7.87(d,J=7.6Hz,2H),7.79(t,J=7.2Hz,1H),7.66(t,J=7.6Hz,2H),6.90(s,1H),6.83(s,1H),4.66(t,J=8.4Hz,1H),3.50(s,3H),2.76-2.70(m,2H),2.60-2.30(m,1H),2.20-2.15(m,2H),1.99(s,3H),1.87-1.83(m,2H),1.77-1.73(m,1H),1.55-1.30(m 9H),0.86(s,3H);LCMS(ESI)m/z 485(M+H)+。
根据本公开和一些比较例的化合物的结构和特征写入下表2中。
[表2]
化合物评价
对2-甲氧基雌二醇(2-ME)衍生物作为用于辐射诱发的肺纤维化(RIPF)的治疗剂的评价
RIPF引发生理异常。EndMT是内皮细胞向成纤维细胞样细胞的表型转化,并参与RIPF。
我们建立了一个表型(phenomic)筛选平台来测量辐射诱发的应力纤维,并优化了使用HUVEC细胞进行高通量筛选的条件,以开发靶向RIPF的化合物。筛选结果表明2-ME衍生物减少了辐射诱发的纤维化,如通过细胞大小的放大和肌动蛋白应力纤维和α-平滑肌肌动蛋白表达的增加来证明。
制备了2-ME衍生物,并在体外[表3]和体内小鼠模型[图1和2]中对其抗纤维化活性进行了测试。总合成化合物中的一些化合物对RIPF示出较高的抗纤维化活性。在该测试中,在辐射前1小时用2-ME衍生物对HUVEC进行预处理,并用10Gy照射。48小时后,用鬼笔环肽和Hoechst对HUVEC进行染色以评估形态变化
表3示出了2-ME衍生物对RIPF的体外功效的验证结果[表3]
*细胞数:O(与IR(对照)处理组相比,细胞数没有变化),X(与IR(对照)处理组相比,细胞数变化超过10%)
*应力纤维:O(与IR(对照)处理组相比,应力纤维减少超过20%),X(与IR(对照)处理组相比,应力纤维没有减少)
[材料和方法]
使用HCS系统验证2-ME衍生物作为辐射诱发的EndMT的调节剂
在70%乙醇中稀释1型胶原蛋白(BD Collagen I,354236,Thermo FisherScientific),以及然后将胶原蛋白溶液(400μg/ml)分配到每个384孔板(6007550,PerkinElmer,马萨诸塞州(MA),美国)。在室温下温育1小时后,用Dulbecco磷酸盐缓冲盐水冲洗孔两次。将HUVEC以每孔7×102个细胞的密度接种到涂覆有胶原蛋白的384孔板上,并使附着在完全生长培养基中。然后使细胞在室温下暴露于10Gy辐射。照射后,将细胞再温育3小时。使用自动化液体处理系统(Hummingbird,Analytik Jena,耶拿(Jena),德国(DE))以10μM的终浓度在0.5%二甲基亚砜(DMSO;v/v)中测试化合物。处理48小时后,用4%多聚甲醛(w/v)固定细胞。采用直接免疫荧光染色通过用488-鬼笔环肽(1:100,MOP-A7466,Thermo FisherScientific)温育来确定肌动蛋白丝的表达。在室温下使用Hoechst 33342(1:1000,MOP-H3570,Thermo Fisher Scientific)对细胞核进行染色。为了测定验证,进行了对照运行。低对照由三个包含经照射细胞的384孔板组成,并且高对照由三个包含未经照射细胞的384孔板组成。为了检测和可视化纤维状肌动蛋白(F-肌动蛋白)和细胞核,使用具有20X放大物镜的自动化高内涵成像系统(Operetta,PerkinElmer)收集图像。使用内部软件工具和Harmony高内涵成像(Harmony,PerkinElmer)对获取的图像进行分析,以分割细胞。
验证2-ME衍生物对RIPF的体内功效
使用X-RAD 320平台(精密X射线)递送辐射。使用4-mm直径的场以90Gy照射8周龄雄性C57BL/6小鼠的左主支气管以模拟消融剂量。照射前1小时,腹腔内注射2-ME和2-ME衍生物(每组5个)。2-ME和2-ME衍生物以30mg/kg的浓度给药2周(每周3次)。照射2周后,获取肺组织并在10%(v/v)中性福尔马林缓冲液中固定,然后制备石蜡切片。将石蜡包埋切片脱蜡,以及用苏木精和伊红(H&E;Sigma-Aldrich)染色,并使用Masson三色染色试剂盒(Sigma-Aldrich)检测胶原蛋白。使用Zeiss显微镜获得图像。每个切片获取至少五张图像用于量化,并使用ImageJ软件评价阳性染色区域。肺纤维化根据以下标准以0至8级别评分:等级0,正常肺;等级1,肺泡或细支气管壁的最小纤维增厚;等级2-3,壁中度增厚,肺结构无明显损伤;等级4-5,纤维化增加,肺结构清晰损伤以及形成纤维带或小纤维团;等级6-7,结构严重变形,以及纤维面积大;等级8,全场纤维性闭塞。
对2-甲氧基雌二醇(2-ME)衍生物作为肝纤维化的治疗剂的评价
尽管肝纤维化是非常普遍的疾病,但仍然没有经批准的治疗方法,原因是肝纤维化有许多病因和并发症。肝纤维化的主要病因是慢性肝炎病毒感染、酗酒、药物性肝损伤(DILI)、胆汁淤积和NASH等。
我们通过基于多细胞肝球状体(MCHS)模型的表型筛选[表4]和体内小鼠模型[图3至图6]对2-ME衍生物作为肝纤维化的抑制剂的活性进行了评价。总合成化合物中的一些化合物对肝示出较高的抗纤维化活性。
表4示出了使用MCHS对2-ME衍生物对肝纤维化的体外功效的验证结果。
[表4]
*抗纤维化活性:O(与2-ME(对照)相比,直径或大小增加),X(与2-ME(对照)相比,直径或大小没有变化)
[材料和方法]
在3D纤维化模型中验证2-ME及其衍生物的体外功效
将Huh7(肝细胞癌细胞)、LX2(肝星状细胞)、WI38(成纤维细胞)和HUVEC(内皮细胞)以5.5:1.5:1.5:1.5的比率以6,000个细胞/孔的密度接种在96孔ULA U底板(Corning,7007)上。将球状体培养3天,并且将2-ME或2-ME衍生物以10uM到39nM的浓度再处理2天(9个点,从10uM开始2倍稀释)。温育2天后,使用具有10x放大物镜的自动化高内涵成像系统(Operetta,PerkinElmer)捕获球状体。使用内部软件工具和Harmony高内涵成像(Harmony,PerkinElmer)分析球状体的大小,以分割细胞。选择与0.5%DMSO相比直径增加的球状体作为命中化合物。
肝纤维化的CCl4模型
向9周龄C57BL/6雄性小鼠(CentralLab)给药1mg/kg CCl4(Sigma)稀释的橄榄油8次,持续共4周。以30mg/kg(三次)或60mg/kg(两次)的浓度腹腔内注射2-ME、MC-011或MC-015,持续2周。注射2周后,获取肝组织并在10%(v/v)中性福尔马林缓冲液中固定,然后制备石蜡切片。将石蜡包埋切片脱蜡,以及用苏木精和伊红(H&E;Sigma-Aldrich)染色,并使用Masson三色染色试剂盒(Sigma-aldrich)检测胶原蛋白。使用Zeiss显微镜获得图像。每个切片获取至少五张图像用于量化,并使用ImageJ软件评价阳性染色区域。
全部提及的文件都通过援引并入,如同写入在本文中一样。当介绍本发明的要素或一种或多种其示例性实施方式时,冠词“一个/种(a)”、“一个/种(an)”、“该/所述(the)”和“所述(said)”旨在意指存在一个或多个要素。术语“包括(comprising)”、“包括(including)”和“具有(having)”旨在为包括在内的,并意指可存在除所列举要素之外的另外要素。尽管已针对特定实施方式对本发明进行了描述,但这些实施方式的细节不应被解释为限制。
Claims (5)
1.一种选自由以下组成的组的化合物:(13S,17S)-17-羟基-2-甲氧基-13-甲基-7,8,9,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-十氢-6H-环戊二烯并[a]菲-3-基苯磺酸酯、(13S,17S)-2-甲氧基-13-甲基-7,8,9,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-十氢-6H-环戊二烯并[a]菲-3,17-二基二苯磺酸酯、(13S,17S)-2-甲氧基-13-甲基-17-((甲基磺酰基)氧基)-7,8,9,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-十氢-6H-环戊二烯并[a]菲-3-基苯磺酸酯和(13S,17S)-2-甲氧基-13-甲基-7,8,9,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-十氢-6H-环戊二烯并[a]菲-3,17-二基双(萘-2-磺酸酯),或其药学上可接受的盐。
2.一种组合物,包括权利要求1所述的化合物或药学上可接受的盐和药学上可接受的载体。
3.权利要求1所述的化合物或药学上可接受的盐作为有效剂在制备用于治疗或预防纤维化的药物组合物中的用途。
4.根据权利要求3所述的用途,其中,所述纤维化是肝纤维化或肺纤维化。
5.根据权利要求4所述的用途,其中,所述肝纤维化是由慢性肝炎病毒感染、酗酒、药物性肝损伤(DILI)、胆汁淤积或NASH(非酒精性脂肪性肝炎)引起的纤维化。
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