CN115101930B

CN115101930B - Dual-frequency satellite navigation antenna with edge-loaded resonant branches

Info

Publication number: CN115101930B
Application number: CN202210828657.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李锐雄; 林福民
Original assignee: Guangdong University of Technology
Current assignee: Guangdong University of Technology
Priority date: 2022-07-15
Filing date: 2022-07-15
Publication date: 2022-11-15
Anticipated expiration: 2042-07-15
Also published as: CN115101930A

Abstract

The invention discloses a dual-frequency satellite navigation antenna with an edge-loaded resonant branch. The invention comprises a dielectric substrate, a feed probe group, a reflective metal plate, a grounding plate, a metal resonance branch knot and a radiation metal sheet; the medium substrate is in a three-dimensional shape which is symmetrical around the axis of the medium substrate; the feed probe group consists of a plurality of feed probes; the plurality of feed probes are arranged inside the dielectric substrate and are symmetrically arranged in the vertical direction around the central axis of the dielectric substrate; the metal resonance branch is electrically connected with the grounding plate; the ground plate is used as a ground plane of the antenna and is electrically insulated from the feed probe; the reflecting metal plate is electrically insulated from the feed probe and the metal resonance branch; the radiation metal sheet is electrically connected with the feed probe; the radiation metal sheet is used for radiating circularly polarized electromagnetic waves. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of wider bandwidth, higher gain, better circular polarization performance, simpler structure, suitability for various satellite navigation systems and low cost.

Description

Dual-frequency satellite navigation antenna with edge-loaded resonant branches

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of antennas, and particularly relates to a dual-frequency satellite navigation antenna with an edge-loaded resonant branch.

Background

At present, a satellite navigation positioning antenna in the prior art generally adopts a narrow bandwidth, and one antenna structure can only work in one or two satellite navigation positioning systems, such as only work in a GPS, or can work in two satellite navigation positioning systems at the same time, but has poor performances such as gain and the like, unsatisfactory circular polarization performance, and high manufacturing cost.

In addition, the satellite navigation positioning antenna in the prior art has a structure that multi-frequency radiation is realized by adopting multiple layers of metal radiation sheets, but separate feeding is needed, so that the feeding network has a complex structure and high cost and is difficult to manufacture.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome one or more defects and shortcomings in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the dual-frequency satellite navigation antenna with the edge loaded with the resonant branch so as to expand the bandwidth, improve the gain and improve the circular polarization performance.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical means.

A dual-frequency satellite navigation antenna with an edge loaded with a resonance branch comprises a dielectric substrate, a feed probe set, a reflective metal plate, a ground plate, a metal resonance branch and a radiation metal sheet;

the medium substrate is in a three-dimensional shape which is symmetrical around the axis of the medium substrate;

the feed probe group consists of a plurality of feed probes; the plurality of feed probes are arranged inside the dielectric substrate and are symmetrically arranged in the vertical direction around the central axis of the dielectric substrate;

the metal resonance branch knot is arranged on the side surface of the dielectric substrate and is electrically connected with the grounding plate;

the ground plate is used as a ground plane of the antenna and is electrically insulated from the feed probe;

the reflecting metal plate is arranged on one side opposite to the bottom surface of the dielectric substrate and is electrically insulated from the feed probe and the metal resonance branch knot;

the radiation metal sheet is arranged on one side opposite to the top surface of the medium substrate and is electrically connected with the feed probe; the radiation metal sheet is used for radiating circularly polarized electromagnetic waves.

Preferably, the feed probe set comprises four feed probes;

the four feeding probes are respectively used for transmitting four feeding signals with the phase difference of 90 degrees in sequence.

Preferably, the radiating metal sheet is a layer of metal copper which is arranged on the top surface of the dielectric substrate and is symmetrical around the central axis of the dielectric substrate.

Preferably, the grounding plate is a layer of metal copper which is connected with the bottom surface of the dielectric substrate and is symmetrical around the central axis of the dielectric substrate;

the grounding plate is electrically connected with the metal resonance branch.

Preferably, four metal resonance branches are provided;

the four metal resonance branches are respectively metal copper sheets attached to the side faces of the medium substrate;

the four metal resonance branches are symmetrically arranged around the central axis of the medium substrate.

Preferably, the dielectric substrate is composed of an upper dielectric substrate and a lower dielectric substrate;

the size of the upper dielectric substrate is smaller than that of the lower dielectric substrate, and the upper dielectric substrate and the lower dielectric substrate form a step shape at the joint;

the metal resonance branch knot is arranged on the side surface of the lower-layer medium substrate;

or the dielectric substrate is made of a single-layer dielectric material, and the metal resonance branch is arranged on the side face of the single-layer dielectric material.

Preferably, the reflecting metal plate is a metal copper plate symmetrically arranged around the central axis of the dielectric substrate;

the size of the upper surface of the reflecting metal plate is larger than the size of the top surface and the size of the bottom surface of the dielectric substrate.

Preferably, the dual-frequency satellite navigation antenna with the edge-loaded resonant branch further comprises a feed network circuit;

the feed network circuit is electrically connected with the feed probe and used for outputting feed signals.

Further, the feed network circuit is printed on the feed board;

the feed board is arranged on one side of the bottom surface of the lower-layer dielectric substrate and is electrically insulated from the ground plate, the reflection metal plate and the metal resonance branch knot.

Preferably, the feed network circuit is configured to divide power of the input signal into four, and form four feed signals with phases different by 90 ° in sequence for output;

and the four feeding signals with the phase difference of 90 degrees are output to the four feeding probes respectively.

Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the existing patch antenna adopts a laminated type, and multi-frequency radiation is realized by overlapping and feeding multiple layers of metal radiation sheets respectively, but the circular polarization performance is realized by only using one feeding probe group, one radiation metal sheet and a metal resonance branch. Compared with single feed or double feed, the feed probe arrangement of the feed probe group is more symmetrical in space structure, the whole antenna main body part adopts a symmetrical shape, the phase center stability is better, and the horizontal plane angle performance is closer. The dual-frequency satellite navigation system can work in a dual-frequency mode, and the effect of large bandwidth is achieved by the medium substrate in the shape of the ladder, so that most working frequency points of the existing four satellite navigation systems can be covered. The invention utilizes the characteristic that the grounding plate also has high-frequency current to enable the metal resonance branch to directly radiate after obtaining the current from the grounding plate, does not need to use a large number of feed probes like the traditional patch antenna, has simple integral structure, greatly reduces the manufacturing cost and the production complexity, and also reduces the design difficulty and the cost of a feed network circuit.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a dual-band satellite navigation antenna with edge-loaded resonant stubs according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a front view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 taken along a longitudinal plane of the circular central axis parallel to the front view;

fig. 5 is a structural longitudinal cut view of the first feeding board in fig. 1;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the feed network circuit in FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a graph of low frequency gain versus frequency;

FIG. 8 is a graph of high frequency gain versus frequency;

FIG. 9 is a graph of gain as a function of pitch angle θ;

FIG. 10 is a graph of axial ratio as a function of pitch angle θ;

FIG. 11 is a graph of the input return loss parameter S11 of FIG. 1;

FIG. 12 is a perspective view of another dual-band satellite navigation antenna with edge-loaded resonant stubs of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a top view of FIG. 12;

FIG. 14 is a front elevational view of FIG. 12;

in the figure: 1-a first reflective metal plate, 2-a first feed plate, 3-a first lower dielectric substrate, 4-pi type metal resonance branch, 5-a first upper dielectric substrate, 6-a first radiation metal sheet, 7-a first feed probe group, 8-a first grounding plate, 9-a second feed plate, 10-a second dielectric substrate, 11-F type metal resonance branch, 12-a coupling feed seam, 13-a second radiation metal sheet, 14-a second feed probe group, 15-a second reflective metal plate, 16-a second grounding plate, 17-a copper-coated upper surface and 18-a communication hole.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments thereof. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 to 11, the dual-band satellite navigation antenna with edge-loaded resonant branches of the present embodiment includes a first reflective metal plate 1, a first feeding plate 2, a first lower dielectric substrate 3, pi-shaped metal resonant branches 4, a first upper dielectric substrate 5, a first radiating metal sheet 6, a first feeding probe set 7, and a first ground plate 8.

The first feeding probe group 7 includes four feeding probes arranged at intervals of a central angle of 90 ° from each other on the same circumference. Through holes for passing through four feeding probes are reserved on the first lower-layer dielectric substrate 3, the first upper-layer dielectric substrate 5, the first radiating metal sheet 6 and the first grounding plate 8, and the through holes on the first grounding plate 8 are preferably larger than the diameter of the feeding probes in size, so that the feeding probes are not connected with the first grounding plate 8, and electrical insulation is formed between the feeding probes and the first grounding plate 8. The top ends of the four feed probes are respectively electrically connected with the first radiation metal sheet 6, so that the first radiation metal sheet 6 is utilized to radiate electromagnetic waves. The high-frequency signals transmitted among the four feeding probes have a phase difference of 90 degrees in sequence.

The first feeding board 2 is provided with a feeding network circuit. In this embodiment, the reflective metal plate 1, the pi-shaped metal resonant branch 4, the first radiating metal plate 6, the first feeding probe group 7, and the first ground plate 8 are preferably made of copper.

The reflective metal plate 1 is a thin sheet-shaped disc, which serves as the lowermost part of the antenna. The reflective metal plate 1 is used to reflect downward energy of electromagnetic waves and thus increase the upward energy of electromagnetic waves. When the reflection metal plate 1 is not provided, a larger part of electromagnetic wave energy radiates below the antenna, and the original downward radiation energy can be reflected to enable more upward radiation energy after the reflection metal plate 1 is added, so that the forward gain is improved, the backward gain is reduced, and the front-to-back ratio of antenna radiation is also improved.

The first feeding board 2 is a disc-shaped PCB printed with a feeding network circuit, and in this embodiment, the material of the PCB is preferably FR4. The circular central axis of the first feeding plate 2 is in the same straight line with the circular central axis of the reflecting metal plate 1. In the present embodiment, the lower surface of the first feeding plate 2 and the upper surface of the reflective metal plate 1 are preferably connected in an electrically insulated manner. In this embodiment, the circular diameter of the first feeding plate 2 is preferably smaller than that of the reflective metal plate 1, and in other embodiments, the circular diameter of the first feeding plate 2 may be set to be the same as that of the reflective metal plate 1. The lower surface of the first feed board 2 is printed with a partial circuit structure of a feed network circuit for generating four paths of equal-power high-frequency signals, the upper surface of the first feed board 2 is a copper-clad upper surface 17, and the copper-clad upper surface 17 is used as a ground plane of the feed network circuit. In this embodiment, the lower surface of the first feeding board 2 is preferably coated with an insulating material on the circuit to be electrically insulated from the reflective metal plate 1, and in another embodiment, a gap may be left between the lower surface of the first feeding board 2 and the reflective metal plate 1 to achieve the effect of electrical insulation. Four communication holes 18 electrically connected with the bottom ends of the four feed probes of the first feed probe group 7 are arranged between the upper surface and the lower surface of the first feed plate 2, and the four communication holes 18 are electrically connected with the output end of the feed network circuit respectively and are used for connecting the four feed probes of the first feed probe group 7 with the output end of the feed network circuit. In this embodiment, it is preferable that four feeding probes are connected to the four through holes 18 by soldering. The copper-clad upper surface 17 is provided with a gap which has an electrical insulation effect with the communication hole 18, and the gap is not covered with any conductive material.

The preferred feed network circuit of this embodiment has a structure comprising a plurality of resistors, a plurality of microstrip line elements MLIN, and a plurality of 3dB bridges of Hybrid 90. In this embodiment, preferably, four feeding probes respectively transmit four feeding signals with equal power and sequentially different phases by 90 °, so that the feeding network circuit needs to implement a power-to-four and phase shift function. The feed network circuit adopts the principle that a 3dB electric bridge and a microstrip line are combined to build a broadband phase shifter.

As shown IN fig. 6, the entire antenna connects the signal to be transmitted to the IN pin of HYB1, the ISO pin of HYB1 passing through the resistor R1 ground plane. After the input signal is processed by the HYB1, one-to-two power division is realized, and two paths of signals with the phase difference of 90 degrees with the input signal are respectively realized at a pin of 0 degree and a pin of 90 degrees of the HYB 1. The 0-degree pin of HYB1 is connected with one end of MLIN1, MLIN3 and MLIN5 respectively. The other end of MLIN3 terminates the ground plane. The other end of the MLIN5 is connected with the MLIN2 and the MLIN4 respectively, and the other end of the MLIN4 is connected with the ground plane. The 90 ° leg of HYB1 is connected to one end of MLIN 6. The MLIN1-MLIN6 form a 90-degree phase shift circuit structure, so that the upper and lower signals form a 180-degree phase difference. The other end of the MLIN6 is connected with an IN pin of HYB3, and an ISO pin of the HYB3 passes through a resistor R3 ground plane. The next path of signal continues to have one-to-two power after passing through HYB3, two paths of output signals with-180-degree and-270-degree phase differences are formed between the pin 0 degree and the pin 90 degree of the HYB3 and the input signals respectively, and the two paths of output signals are connected to a feed probe respectively. The other end of MLIN5 is also connected to the IN pin of HYB 2. The ISO leg of HYB2 is grounded through a resistor R2. The signal of the upper path is continuously divided into two by one in power after passing through the HYB2, two paths of output signals with 0-degree phase difference and-90-degree phase difference are respectively formed between the pin 0 degree and the pin 90 degree of the HYB2 and the input signal, and the two paths of output signals are respectively connected to one feed probe.

The first ground plate 8 is in the shape of a thin disc and the one-piece first ground plate 8 is made of metallic copper. The first ground plate 8 is in line with the circular axis of the reflective metal plate 1. The first grounding plate 8 and the copper-clad upper surface 17 of the first feed plate 2 are in close contact with each other, so that the electrical connection between the two is realized. The edge of the first grounding plate 8 extends with a pi-shaped metal resonance branch 4. The pi-shaped metal resonance branch 4 is vertical to the plane of the first grounding plate 8. The pi-shaped metal resonance branch 4 is connected to the first grounding plate 8 through the bottom end of the pi-shaped metal resonance branch. In this embodiment, preferably, there are four pi-type metal resonance branches 4, and the four pi-type metal resonance branches are respectively arranged on the circumference of the edge of the first ground plate 8 at intervals of a central angle of 90 degrees. In this embodiment, the pi-type metal resonant branch 4 is preferably formed by coating a layer of metal copper material with a sufficient thickness, and the pi-type metal resonant branch 4 is tightly attached to the side surface of the first lower dielectric substrate 3. The height of the pi-type metal resonant branch 4 in this embodiment is preferably the same as the height of the first lower dielectric substrate 3. The pi-shaped metal resonance branch 4 can be equivalent to an RLC resonance circuit, can resonate at a required frequency point by adjusting each parameter of the pi-shaped metal resonance branch 4 so as to adapt to various satellite navigation systems, and meanwhile, as the pi-shaped metal resonance branch 4 is connected with the first grounding plate 8, current is provided by the first grounding plate 8, the pi-shaped metal resonance branch 4 can realize the effect of high-frequency radiation. The pi-type metal resonance branch 4 can lead the current of the first grounding plate 8 away, and then the pi-type metal resonance branch 4 generates radiation, and the current density at the pi-type metal resonance branch 4 can be guaranteed because the current density at a common sudden change position is larger, so that electromagnetic waves can be effectively radiated. In addition, four pi-shaped metal resonance branches 4 are symmetrically distributed on the side face of the first lower-layer dielectric substrate 3, and because the signals of the four feed probes are distributed according to equal power and 90-degree phase difference in sequence, the four corresponding pi-shaped metal resonance branches 4 connected to the ground plane can also radiate circularly polarized waves. In addition, the pi-type metal resonant branches 4 are distributed on the side face of the first lower-layer dielectric substrate 3, so that the low elevation radiation performance of the substrate is better. For high-frequency electromagnetic waves which easily scatter energy to the back, the four pi-shaped metal resonance branches 4 are combined with the structure of the reflection metal plate 1, so that the electromagnetic wave energy can be radiated above the horizon as much as possible, and the energy radiated to the back originally is reflected above the horizon, thereby improving the gain. In other embodiments, the metal resonant branches with symmetrical structures, the number of which is a multiple of 2 and is more than four, and the shapes of which are other types can be selected.

The first lower dielectric substrate 3 is a cylinder, and the circular central axis thereof is in the same line with the circular central axis of the reflective metal plate 1. The lower surface of the first lower-layer dielectric substrate 3 is connected with a first grounding plate 8, and the pi-shaped metal resonance branch 4 is tightly attached to the side face of the cylinder. The circular diameter of the first ground plate 8 is preferably the same as the circular diameter of the first underlying dielectric substrate 3.

The first upper dielectric substrate 5 is a cylinder, and the circular central axis thereof is in the same line with the circular central axis of the reflective metal plate 1. The circular lower surface of the first upper dielectric substrate 5 is connected with the upper surface of the first lower dielectric substrate 3. In this embodiment, the circular diameter of the first upper dielectric substrate 5 is preferably smaller than the circular diameter of the first lower dielectric substrate 3, so that a step-shaped structure is formed at the joint of the first upper dielectric substrate 5 and the first lower dielectric substrate 3, and the first upper dielectric substrate 5 and the first lower dielectric substrate 3 form one dielectric substrate. The resonant frequency of the patch antenna is reduced along with the increase of the size of the medium substrate, the patch antenna consisting of a medium without gradual change or mutation is an RLC parallel resonant circuit seen from an equivalent circuit, and the resonant frequency is determined by the circuit; in this embodiment, the sizes of the first upper dielectric substrate 5 and the first lower dielectric substrate 3 are different, and it can be seen that two parallel resonant circuits are connected together on an equivalent circuit, so as to achieve the effect of expanding the bandwidth. From the perspective of cavity mode theory, the superposition of the first upper dielectric substrate 5 and the first lower dielectric substrate 3 is equivalent to the increase of the dielectric thickness, the Q value of the antenna is reduced, the stored electromagnetic energy is relatively reduced, the radiated energy is relatively increased, and therefore the gain is also improved. In addition, the bandwidth of the patch antenna and the Q value are in a negative correlation relationship, so that the Q value is reduced, and the bandwidth is greatly expanded. In this embodiment, the first lower dielectric substrate 3 and the first upper dielectric substrate 5 are preferably made of ppo material, and have an upper dielectric constant of 4.4 and a lower dielectric constant of 6.0.

The upper surface of the first upper dielectric substrate 5 is connected with the first radiating metal sheet 6. The first radiation metal sheet 6 is in the shape of a thin disc, and the circular center axis of the first radiation metal sheet is aligned with the circular center axis of the reflection metal plate 1. The four feed probes are symmetrically distributed around the circular central axis of the first radiating patch 6.

The whole antenna is simulated, and the simulation experiment result shows that the whole antenna realizes effective radiation in both high and low frequency bands; the simulation result that the low-frequency band satisfies the frequency band range of Gain >3dBi is 1141MHz-1331MHz, namely the Gain bandwidth of the low-frequency band >3dBi is 120MHz; the simulation result that the high frequency band satisfies the frequency band range of Gain >3dBi is 1555MHz-1612MHz, namely the Gain bandwidth of the high frequency band >3dBi is 64MHz; the gains of working frequency points (B1, B2, B3, B1c and B2a of the big Dipper, L1, L2 and L5 of the GPS, L1, L2 and L3 of the Glonass and E1, E5a, E5B and E6 of the Galileo) of the existing four-large satellite navigation and positioning system are all more than 4dBic.

As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the forward gain of the present embodiment is good. As shown in fig. 11, the present embodiment has a low input return loss at the operating frequency point.

Compared with the prior art, the dual-frequency satellite navigation antenna with the edge loaded with the resonance branches has the beneficial effects that:

(1) The traditional dual-frequency circularly polarized patch antenna adopts a laminated mode (two single-layer patches with different frequencies are stacked), 2-frequency x 4 feed =8 feed pins are generally needed, 6 3dB couplers are needed for a feed network (the cost of the couplers in the feed network design accounts for a considerable proportion), and multiple layers of metal radiating sheets are needed to be stacked to realize multi-frequency radiation, but the dual-frequency circularly polarized patch antenna has a simple structure and lower design, debugging difficulty and processing cost; the present embodiment uses four feed probes to work in dual frequency bands to achieve good circular polarization performance: the feeding probe arrangement of the first feeding probe group 7 is more symmetrical in space structure compared with single feeding or double feeding, the whole antenna main body part adopts a more symmetrical circle compared with other shapes, the phase center stability is better, and the horizontal plane angle performance is closer;

(2) As shown in fig. 9 and 10, it can be seen that the θ range of the low band axial ratio <3dB is about ± 100 °, and the θ range of the high band axial ratio <3dB is ± 60 °, which is enough to indicate that the circular polarization performance is excellent;

(3) Can double-frequency resonance; when the stepped dielectric substrate structure is used, the larger bandwidth can be expanded, and the bandwidth is enough to cover most working frequency points of the existing four satellite navigation systems;

(4) The position design of the first radiation metal sheet 6 and the four pi-shaped metal resonance branches 4 and the combination with the feeding mode are adopted, the first radiation metal sheet 6 is used for feeding directly through the feeding probe, the characteristic that the first grounding plate 8 also has high-frequency current is utilized, the four pi-shaped metal resonance branches 4 are introduced to radiate after obtaining current directly from the first grounding plate 8, the number of the feeding probes does not need to be increased like the existing patch antenna, the whole structure is simple, and the manufacturing cost and the production complexity are greatly reduced.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 12 to 14, the dual-band satellite navigation antenna with an edge-loaded resonant stub of the present embodiment includes a second feeding plate 9, a second dielectric substrate 10, an F-shaped metal resonant stub 11, a second radiating metal sheet 13, a second feeding probe set 14, a second reflective metal plate 15, and a second ground plate 16.

The second feeding probe group 14 includes four feeding probes arranged at intervals of a central angle of 90 ° from each other on the same circumference. Through holes for passing through four feeding probes are reserved on the second dielectric substrate 10, the second radiating metal sheet 13, the second ground plate 16 and the second reflecting metal plate 15, and the through holes on the second ground plate 16 and the second reflecting metal plate 15 are preferably larger than the diameter of the feeding probes in size in this embodiment, so that the feeding probes are not connected with the second ground plate 16 and the second reflecting metal plate 15, and thus, electrical insulation is formed between the feeding probes and the second ground plate 16 and the second reflecting metal plate 15. The top ends of the four feed probes are respectively electrically connected with the second radiation metal sheet 13, so that the electromagnetic waves are transmitted by using the second radiation metal sheet 13. Four feed probes are connected with the second radiation metal sheet 13 in a capacitive coupling feed mode, and a coupling feed slit 12 which is not covered with metal copper is respectively arranged at the joint of the top end of each feed probe and the second radiation metal sheet 13; the coupling feed slit 12 is a slit having a width sufficient to allow the contact point of the feed probe with the second radiating metal plate 13 to form a capacitive coupling structure on the main portion of the second radiating metal plate 13. The present embodiment preferably has a phase difference of 90 ° between the high-frequency signals transmitted between the four feed probes.

The second feeding board 9 is a square PCB printed with a feeding network circuit having the same structure as that of embodiment 1. The lower surface of the second feeding board 9 is printed with a part of circuit structure of the feeding network circuit for generating electromagnetic wave signals, the upper surface of the second feeding board 9 is covered with a layer of metal copper as a ground plane of the feeding network circuit, and the layer of metal copper also serves as the second reflective metal plate 15 of this embodiment. Four connecting holes electrically connected with the bottom ends of the four feeding probes of the second feeding probe group 14 are arranged between the upper surface and the lower surface of the second feeding plate 9, and the four connecting holes are electrically connected with the output end of the feeding network circuit respectively and are used for connecting the four feeding probes of the second feeding probe group 14 with the output end of the feeding network circuit.

The second ground plate 16 is a square structure coated on the lower surface of the second feeding plate 9 and made of a thin metal copper material, and the size of the square structure is smaller than that of the second feeding plate 9. The one-piece second ground plate 16 is made of metallic copper. The second ground plate 16 is in line with the central axis of the second feeding plate 9. A second ground plate 16 is attached above the second reflective metal plate 15, and the lower surface of the second ground plate 16 is electrically insulated from the second reflective metal plate 15 by being coated with green oil. The four side edges of the second ground plate 16 are symmetrically provided with F-shaped metal resonance branches 11. The plane of the F-shaped metal resonant stub 11 and the plane of the second ground plate 16 are perpendicular to each other. The F-type metal resonance stub 11 is connected to the second ground plate 16 by two lateral stubs of the F-type metal resonance stub facing downward. In this embodiment, it is preferable that the F-shaped metal resonant branch 11 is made of a metal copper material with a certain thickness, and the F-shaped metal resonant branch 11 is embedded on the side surface of the second dielectric substrate 10. In this embodiment, the height of the F-shaped metal resonant branch 11 is preferably the same as the height of the first lower dielectric substrate 3, but in other embodiments, the height of the F-shaped metal resonant branch 11 may be selected to be lower than the height of the first lower dielectric substrate 3.

The second dielectric substrate 10 is a cube, and the central axis thereof is aligned with the central axis of the second feed plate 9. The lower surface of the second dielectric substrate 10 is connected to the second ground plate 16. The present embodiment preferably has the upper surface of the second ground plate 16 coinciding with the lower surface of the second dielectric substrate 10.

The upper surface of the second dielectric substrate 10 is connected to the second radiation metal plate 13. The second radiating metal sheet 13 is a square copper metal patch with a sufficiently thin thickness, and the central axis of the second radiating metal sheet is aligned with the central axis of the second feeding board 9. The four feed probes are symmetrically distributed around the central axis of the second radiating patch 13.

compared with the prior art, the dual-frequency dual-polarization-band antenna has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, good circular polarization performance, capability of dual-frequency resonance and suitability for various satellite navigation systems.

The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. A dual-frequency satellite navigation antenna with an edge loaded with a resonance branch is characterized by comprising a dielectric substrate, a feed probe set, a reflective metal plate, a ground plate, a metal resonance branch and a radiation metal sheet;

the medium substrate is in a three-dimensional shape which is symmetrical around a self central axis;

the dielectric substrate consists of an upper dielectric substrate and a lower dielectric substrate;

the metal resonance branch knot is arranged on the side surface of the lower-layer medium substrate; the ground plate is used as a ground plane of the antenna, and the ground plate is electrically insulated from the feed probe;

the radiation metal sheet is arranged on one side opposite to the top surface of the dielectric substrate and is electrically connected with the feed probe; the radiation metal sheet is used for radiating circularly polarized electromagnetic waves.

2. The dual-band satellite navigation antenna with edge-loaded resonant stubs of claim 1, wherein the feed probe set comprises four feed probes;

the four feed probes are respectively used for transmitting four feed signals with the phase difference of 90 degrees in sequence.

3. The dual-band satellite navigation antenna with an edge-loaded resonant stub as claimed in claim 1, wherein the radiating metal plate is a layer of copper metal disposed on the top surface of the dielectric substrate and symmetrically disposed around the central axis of the dielectric substrate.

4. The dual-band satellite navigation antenna with an edge-loaded resonant stub as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ground plane is a layer of copper connected to the bottom surface of the dielectric substrate and symmetrically disposed around the central axis of the dielectric substrate;

the grounding plate is electrically connected with the metal resonance branch.

5. The dual-band satellite navigation antenna with edge-loaded resonant stubs of claim 1, wherein there are four metallic resonant stubs;

the four metal resonance branches are respectively metal copper sheets adhered to the side surfaces of the medium substrate;

6. The dual-band satellite navigation antenna with an edge-loaded resonant stub as claimed in claim 1, wherein the reflective metal plate is a copper metal plate disposed symmetrically about the central axis of the dielectric substrate;

7. The dual-band satellite navigation antenna with an edge-loaded resonant stub as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the dual-band satellite navigation antenna with an edge-loaded resonant stub further comprises a feed network circuit;

the feed network circuit is electrically connected with the feed probe and used for outputting a feed signal.

8. The dual-frequency satellite navigation antenna with the edge-loaded resonant branch according to claim 7, wherein the feed network circuit is printed on the feed board;

9. The dual-band satellite navigation antenna with the edge-loaded resonant stub as claimed in claim 7, wherein the feed network circuit is configured to divide the power of the input signal into four and form four feed signals with phases different by 90 ° in sequence for output;