CN115101361A - Automatic load distribution switch for low-voltage line - Google Patents
Automatic load distribution switch for low-voltage line Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115101361A CN115101361A CN202210704474.9A CN202210704474A CN115101361A CN 115101361 A CN115101361 A CN 115101361A CN 202210704474 A CN202210704474 A CN 202210704474A CN 115101361 A CN115101361 A CN 115101361A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- low
- rod
- rotating plate
- return spring
- sliding
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
- H01H3/32—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts
- H01H3/40—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts using friction, toothed, or screw-and-nut gearing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
- H01H3/32—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts
- H01H3/50—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts with indexing or locating means, e.g. indexing by ball and spring
- H01H3/503—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts with indexing or locating means, e.g. indexing by ball and spring making use of electromagnets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/26—Arrangements for eliminating or reducing asymmetry in polyphase networks
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/50—Arrangements for eliminating or reducing asymmetry in polyphase networks
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a three-phase load adjusting and balancing device for a low-voltage power supply network of a power supply system, and particularly discloses an automatic load distribution switch for a low-voltage line. The phase switching mechanism comprises a stationary contact, a movable contact, a phase switching mechanism and an electromagnet, wherein the phase switching mechanism comprises a contact gear and a transmission gear which are coaxial, a one-way rotating mechanism is arranged on the contact gear, a guide rod of the electromagnet is connected with a sliding rod, a sliding rack and a positioning plate are arranged on the sliding rod, a positioning block and a rotating plate are arranged in front of the positioning plate, a return spring is arranged at one end of the rotating plate, and the other end of the rotating plate is hinged with a locking rod. The invention can detect the three-phase load balance state in real time, and can automatically adjust the three-phase distribution balance state of the load on the circuit in the same area if serious unbalance occurs, thereby greatly reducing the labor intensity of workers, quickly leading the circuit to enter an ideal running state, reducing the circuit loss, improving the power supply quality and ensuring the normal running of the circuit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a three-phase load adjusting and balancing device for a low-voltage power supply network of a power supply system, in particular to an automatic load distribution switch for a low-voltage line.
Background
The low-voltage power supply lines of the power supply system in China are all in a three-phase four-wire system mode, the phenomenon of unbalanced power supply load is easy to occur, the power supply quality is reduced, the line voltage of a heavier phase line is too low and is easy to burn out to cause accidents, the normal power supply is influenced, meanwhile, unnecessary power loss is increased, and the benefit of the power supply system is influenced. In recent years, the national power grid carries out technical transformation on part of low-voltage power supply lines, solves some practical problems, but with the improvement of urban and rural living standard, the heavy-load household appliances are increased dramatically, the phenomenon of three-phase load unbalance still exists, the three-phase load balance is adjusted manually, and because the household appliances are not continuous in power utilization, the installation is not reasonable on line, and the like, the effect is not ideal, and the ideal three-phase load balance state cannot be achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up for the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the automatic load distribution switch of the low-voltage line, which can quickly enable the line to enter an ideal running state, reduce the line loss, improve the power supply quality and ensure the normal running of the line.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a low-voltage line automatic load distribution switch comprises a box body, six stationary contacts, two movable contacts connected through a lead, a phase switching mechanism and an electromagnet, and is characterized in that the phase switching mechanism comprises a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is fixedly provided with a contact gear and is rotatably connected with a transmission gear, the diameter of the contact gear is larger than that of the transmission gear, the contact gear is provided with a one-way rotating mechanism, the six stationary contacts are uniformly distributed around the contact gear, the movable contacts are arranged at two ends of one diameter of the transmission gear, a guide rod of the electromagnet is connected with a sliding rod, the sliding rod is provided with a sliding rack, the outer end part of the sliding rod is provided with a positioning plate, a positioning block and a rotating plate are arranged in front of the positioning plate, a fixed point of the rotating plate is positioned in the middle of the positioning plate, and the positioning plate firstly touches the rotating plate to rotate in the advancing process, then, the positioning block can be touched; the device comprises a box body, a positioning plate, a rotating plate, a return spring, a locking rod and a reset spring, wherein the rotating plate is arranged at one end close to the positioning plate, the other end of the rotating plate is hinged with the locking rod, the box body is provided with a locking guide cylinder, the reset spring is arranged in the locking guide cylinder, the locking rod penetrates through the reset spring, one end of the reset spring is fixed on the locking guide cylinder, the other end of the reset spring is fixed on the locking rod, and the locking rod is positioned on a diameter extension line of a contact gear.
The electromagnet is arranged on one side of the outgoing line terminal.
The sliding rack is sleeved on the sliding rod, the sliding rods at two ends of the sliding rack are respectively provided with a baffle, and a buffer spring is arranged between the baffle and the sliding rack.
The return spring is positioned on one side close to the contact gear.
A guide cylinder is arranged in the box body and sleeved on the sliding rod.
The one-way rotation mechanism comprises a pawl and a pawl rebound spring.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention can detect the three-phase load balance state in real time, and can automatically adjust the three-phase distribution balance state of the load on the line in the same area if serious unbalance occurs, thereby greatly reducing the labor intensity of workers, quickly leading the line to enter an ideal running state, reducing the line loss, improving the power supply quality and ensuring the normal running of the line.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of the switch cover of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a connection structure of a rotating shaft, a contact gear and a transmission gear;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a sliding rack;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at A in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion of the locking bar of FIG. 1;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the control circuit.
In the figure, 1 a box body, 2 a static contact, 3 a lead, 4 a movable contact, 5 an electromagnet, 51 a guide rod, 6 an outlet terminal, 7 an inlet terminal, 8 a sliding rod, 9 a positioning plate, 10 a sliding rack, 11 a baffle, 12 a buffer spring, 13 a guide cylinder, 14 a rotating shaft, 15 a contact gear, 16 a transmission gear, 17 a pawl, 18 a pawl rebound spring, 19 a positioning block, 20 a rotating plate, 21 a return spring, 22 a locking rod, 23 a locking guide cylinder and 24 a return spring.
Detailed Description
The drawings illustrate specific embodiments of the invention. As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the automatic load distribution switch for low voltage lines comprises a control circuit, a box body 1, six stationary contacts 2, two movable contacts 4 connected by a conducting wire 3, a phase switching mechanism and an electromagnet 5, wherein: six fixed contacts 2, two movable contacts 4 connected by a lead 3, a phase switching mechanism and an electromagnet 5 are all arranged in the box body 1, as shown in fig. 1, the electromagnet 5 is arranged on the side of the outlet terminal 6 (left side in fig. 1) of the installation box body 1, the guide rod 51 of the electromagnet 5 points to the side of the inlet terminal 7, the guide rod 51 of the electromagnet 5 is fixedly connected with a slide rod 8, the end of the slide rod 8 is a positioning plate 9, the positioning plate 9 and the slide rod 8 are in a t shape, a sliding rack 10 is sleeved on the sliding rod 8, the teeth face downwards, a baffle plate 11 is fixedly installed on the sliding rod 8 at two ends of the sliding rack 10 respectively, a buffer spring 12 is sleeved on the sliding rod 8 between the baffle plate 11 and the sliding rack 10, two ends of the buffer spring 12 can be fixed on the baffle plate 11 and the sliding rack 10 respectively, a guide cylinder 13 is installed on the box body 1, and the guide cylinder 13 is sleeved on the sliding rod 8; the phase switching mechanism includes: a rotating shaft 14 is fixedly arranged below the sliding rod 8, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a contact gear 15 is fixed on the rotating shaft 14, six static contacts 2 are evenly distributed around the contact gear 15, a transmission gear 16 capable of rotating around the rotating shaft 14 is arranged on the rotating shaft 14, the diameter of the transmission gear 16 is smaller than that of the contact gear 15, the transmission gear 16 is positioned below the sliding rack 10 and is in meshed connection with the sliding rack 10, a one-way rotating mechanism is arranged on the contact gear 15 and comprises a pawl 17 and a pawl rebounding spring 18, the pawl 17 is positioned between teeth of the transmission gear 16 under the action of the pawl rebounding spring 18, when the transmission gear 16 rotates clockwise under the action of the pawl 17, the contact gear 15 rotates clockwise, when the transmission gear 16 rotates counterclockwise, the contact gear 15 does not rotate, two movable contacts 4 are arranged on one diameter of the contact gear 15, the movable contact 4 and the fixed contact 2 can be contacted in the rotating process, and the two movable contacts 4 are connected through a lead 3; as shown in fig. 1, a positioning block 19 is fixedly installed on the case 1 in front of (i.e., to the right of) the positioning plate 9, the positioning block 19 corresponds to the upper half portion of the positioning plate 9, a rotating plate 20 is installed to the left and below of the positioning block 19, the fixing point of the rotating plate 20 is located at the middle of the rotating plate 20, the upper half portion of the rotating plate 20 corresponds to the lower half portion of the positioning plate 9, a return spring 21 is connected to the upper half portion of the rotating plate 20, the return spring 21 is located to the left of the rotating plate 20, one end of the return spring is fixed to the case 1, one end of the return spring is fixed to the rotating plate 20, the lower half portion of the rotating plate 20 is hinged to a locking lever 22, the locking lever 22 is located to the left of the rotating plate 20 and located on the horizontal diameter extension line of the contact gear 15, a locking guide 23 is installed on the case 1 to the left of the rotating plate 20, the locking guide 23 is left and right, a return spring 24 is installed in the locking guide 23, one end of the return spring 24 is fixed to the inner wall of the lock guide 23, and the other end is fixed to the lock lever 22.
The working process is as follows:
the control circuit is the prior art, and is mainly shown in fig. 4: m 1 、M 2 、M 3 The voltage input of the transformer is respectively taken from the three-phase voltage of the low-voltage line A, B, C and is reduced to the working voltage which can be detected by the circuit (when the three phases have serious load unbalance, the unbalanced one-phase voltage is obviously lower than the other-phase voltage) through M 1 、M 2 、M 3 Reduced detection standard voltage, respectively D 1 、D 2 、D 3 The direct current is rectified, the direct current enters a singlechip circuit IC1 for real-time detection after filtering, and when the singlechip circuit IC1 detects that the relative phase voltage has serious deviation, the serious load imbalance condition in the circuit is shown. The single chip IC1 circuit is analyzed and determined, working instruction signals are sent to the IC2 buffering delay circuit through pins 01, 02 and 03, after buffering delay of the IC2, high voltage is output by 3 pins, a switch triode T is conducted through a R3 current-limiting resistor, and a relay J works. Meanwhile, the relay J transmits working voltage to the electromagnet, the electromagnet 5 works, the guide rod 51 drives the sliding rod 8 to move rightwards under the action of magnetic force, the magnetic force of the electromagnet 5 is very small at the beginning, and the advancing speed of the sliding rack 10 is very low, so the sliding rack 10 is driven to move rightwards under the action of the force of the buffer spring 12 at the moment, but the time is very short, generally, zero seconds are zero, the magnetic force reaches a peak value, at the moment, the magnetic force continuously drives the sliding rod 8 and the sliding rack 10 to move rightwards at normal speed, and the positioning plate 9 pushes the rotating plate 20 and then drives the rotating plate 20 to rotate until the positioning plate 9 touches the positioning block 19; during the process that the sliding rack 10 moves rightwards, the sliding rack 10 drives the transmission gear 16 to rotate clockwise, and under the combined action of the pawl 17 and the pawl rebound spring 18, the contact gear 15 and the transmission gear 16 rotate clockwise together, and simultaneously drives the two movable contacts 4 to rotate clockwise together. When the movable contact installed on the edge of the contact gear is transferred from one group of corresponding fixed contacts to the other group of corresponding fixed contacts 2 and is in closed connection with the same, the positioning plate 9 at the right end of the sliding rod 8 is propped against the positioning block 19And the contact gear 15 is positioned by the locking rod 22 and does not rotate any more when the left end of the locking rod 22 is matched with the teeth of the contact gear, so that the stroke of the sliding rod 8 is limited to a certain extent. This completes the switching operation of the movable contact 4 mounted on the edge of the contact gear 15 from one set of the corresponding stationary contacts 2 to the other set of the corresponding stationary contacts 2. The corresponding stationary contact is a phase voltage. I.e. a commutation is completed. This switches the outgoing terminal 6 of the switch and the associated load to the other phase. The load on the other phase before the original commutation is reduced. Thereby achieving the purpose of automatically changing phases and balancing loads. After finishing the commutation, the electromagnet 5 is powered off and stops working, the guide rod 51 restores the state before working, waits for the next instruction, repeats the commutation working process, in the process of restoring the state of the guide rod 51, the sliding rack 10 moves leftwards, the transmission gear 16 is driven to rotate anticlockwise through the meshing of the teeth, the one-way rotating mechanism does not work at the moment, therefore, the contact gear 15 does not rotate, and the transmission gear 16 can only idle.
Other technical features than those described in the specification are known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (6)
1. The automatic load distribution switch for the low-voltage line comprises a box body (1), six stationary contacts (2), two movable contacts (4) connected through a lead (3), a phase switching mechanism and an electromagnet (5), and is characterized in that the phase switching mechanism comprises a rotating shaft (14), the rotating shaft (14) is fixedly provided with a contact gear (15) and is rotatably connected with a transmission gear (16), the diameter of the contact gear (15) is larger than that of the transmission gear (16), the contact gear (15) is provided with a one-way rotating mechanism, the six stationary contacts (2) are uniformly distributed around the contact gear (15), the movable contacts (4) are arranged at two ends of one diameter of the transmission gear (16), a guide rod (51) of the electromagnet (5) is connected with a sliding rod (8), the sliding rod (8) is provided with a sliding rack (10), and the outer end part of the sliding rod (8) is provided with a positioning plate (9), a positioning block (19) and a rotating plate (20) are arranged in front of the positioning plate (9), a fixing point of the rotating plate (20) is located in the middle of the positioning plate, and in the advancing process of the positioning plate (9), the positioning plate firstly touches the rotating plate (20) to rotate and then can touch the positioning block (19); one end of the rotating plate (20) close to the positioning plate (9) is provided with a return spring (21), the other end of the rotating plate is hinged with a locking rod (22), a locking guide cylinder (23) is arranged on the box body (1), a return spring (24) is arranged in the locking guide cylinder (23), the locking rod (22) penetrates through the return spring (24), one end of the return spring (24) is fixed on the locking guide cylinder (23), one end of the return spring is fixed on the locking rod (22), and the locking rod (22) is located on a diameter extension line of the contact gear (15).
2. The automatic load distribution switch for low-voltage lines according to claim 1, characterized in that said electromagnet (5) is mounted on the side of the outlet terminal (6).
3. The automatic load distribution switch for the low-voltage line according to claim 1, wherein the sliding rack (10) is sleeved on the sliding rod (8), the sliding rods (8) at two ends of the sliding rack (10) are respectively provided with a baffle (11), and a buffer spring (12) is arranged between the baffle (11) and the sliding rack (10).
4. The low-voltage line automatic load distributing switch of claim 1, characterized in that said return spring (21) is located on the side close to the contact gear (15).
5. The automatic load distribution switch for low-voltage lines according to claim 1, characterized in that a guide cylinder (13) is arranged in said box body (1), said guide cylinder (13) being fitted over the sliding rod (8).
6. The low voltage line automatic load distributing switch of claim 1, wherein said one-way rotation mechanism comprises a pawl (17) and a pawl rebound spring (18).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210704474.9A CN115101361B (en) | 2022-06-21 | 2022-06-21 | Automatic load distribution switch for low-voltage line |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210704474.9A CN115101361B (en) | 2022-06-21 | 2022-06-21 | Automatic load distribution switch for low-voltage line |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115101361A true CN115101361A (en) | 2022-09-23 |
| CN115101361B CN115101361B (en) | 2023-07-18 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210704474.9A Active CN115101361B (en) | 2022-06-21 | 2022-06-21 | Automatic load distribution switch for low-voltage line |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN115101361B (en) |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB289287A (en) * | 1926-11-19 | 1928-04-19 | Fritz Aldendorff | Improvements in electromechanically controlled switches for automatic telephone exchanges and the like |
| GB1473663A (en) * | 1974-05-09 | 1977-05-18 | Amf Inc | Electric switches |
| CN101017745A (en) * | 2007-02-15 | 2007-08-15 | 冯保明 | Universal operating mechanism of the load switch |
| CN102496492A (en) * | 2011-12-03 | 2012-06-13 | 山东卓尔电气有限公司 | Remote control phase-change switch |
| CN105097314A (en) * | 2014-05-07 | 2015-11-25 | 南京日新科技有限公司 | Built-in load switch for intelligent electric meter |
| CN205960659U (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2017-02-15 | 蔺兰忠 | Automatic phase modifier of low pressure three -phase unbalanced load |
| CN109411253A (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2019-03-01 | 国网山东省电力公司平度市供电公司 | A kind of the switching control device and working method of double-bus power supply line |
| WO2022125255A1 (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2022-06-16 | S&C Electric Company | Phase balancing and lv mesh switching |
-
2022
- 2022-06-21 CN CN202210704474.9A patent/CN115101361B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB289287A (en) * | 1926-11-19 | 1928-04-19 | Fritz Aldendorff | Improvements in electromechanically controlled switches for automatic telephone exchanges and the like |
| GB1473663A (en) * | 1974-05-09 | 1977-05-18 | Amf Inc | Electric switches |
| CN101017745A (en) * | 2007-02-15 | 2007-08-15 | 冯保明 | Universal operating mechanism of the load switch |
| CN102496492A (en) * | 2011-12-03 | 2012-06-13 | 山东卓尔电气有限公司 | Remote control phase-change switch |
| CN105097314A (en) * | 2014-05-07 | 2015-11-25 | 南京日新科技有限公司 | Built-in load switch for intelligent electric meter |
| CN205960659U (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2017-02-15 | 蔺兰忠 | Automatic phase modifier of low pressure three -phase unbalanced load |
| CN109411253A (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2019-03-01 | 国网山东省电力公司平度市供电公司 | A kind of the switching control device and working method of double-bus power supply line |
| WO2022125255A1 (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2022-06-16 | S&C Electric Company | Phase balancing and lv mesh switching |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN115101361B (en) | 2023-07-18 |
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