CN115097090B - Hydrologic tower-based measurement system and measurement method - Google Patents
Hydrologic tower-based measurement system and measurement method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a measurement system and a measurement method based on a hydrologic tower. The hydrodynamic force measurement assembly comprises an intelligent water gauge, a rain gauge, a millimeter wave radar level gauge and a camera, wherein the intelligent water gauge, the rain gauge, the millimeter wave radar level gauge and the camera are arranged on the hydrologic tower body. The water ecology measurement system component comprises a spectrum water quality monitor. Wisdom water gauge, rain gauge, millimeter wave radar level gauge, camera, spectrum water quality monitor all are connected with the control module electricity, and control module communicates with remote terminal through wireless communication subassembly. According to the invention, the hydrologic full-element integrated real-time online monitoring is carried out by arranging the plurality of measuring assemblies on the hydrologic tower, key information such as hydrologic quality and the like is accurately mastered, full-period automatic monitoring is realized, and the hydrologic full-element integrated real-time online monitoring has important significance in improving flood control and disaster relief, protecting water environment safety and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrologic towers, and particularly relates to a hydrologic tower-based measurement system and a hydrologic tower-based measurement method.
Background
The hydrologic monitoring is an important component of hydrologic work, and has important significance for water conservancy planning, water engineering construction management, flood prevention, early-stage resistance, water resource management and protection in China. However, hydrologic stations are mostly remote and the working environment is relatively poor. There is a potential safety hazard that can not be invited in hydrologic monitoring process. Like traditional survey ship one anchor multithread flow monitoring mode, not only waste time and consume energy, also seriously threaten staff's safety simultaneously. In recent years, with the development of new technologies such as communication technology, artificial intelligence technology and the like, and implementation of serious projects such as national small river hydrologic monitoring system engineering, national hydrologic infrastructure construction planning and the like, the hydrologic water resource monitoring capability of China is remarkably improved. Wherein, the automatic collection and reporting of the water level, rainfall and other factors are realized in most areas of China.
However, for some special river channels or special weather conditions, full-automatic monitoring is difficult to realize, and when extreme hydrologic events such as flood disasters, mountain torrents and the like occur, hydrologic data collection still needs to be carried out by adopting a manual measuring and reporting mode.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a measuring system and a measuring method based on a hydrologic tower, which solve the technical problems that in the prior art, aiming at some special river channels or special weather conditions, full-automatic monitoring is difficult to realize, and when extreme hydrologic events such as flood disasters, mountain torrents and the like occur, a manual measuring and reporting mode is still needed to collect hydrologic data.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following scheme:
measurement system based on hydrologic tower is including setting up hydrodynamic force measurement subassembly, aquatic attitude measurement subassembly, energy supply subassembly, control module and the communication subassembly on the hydrologic tower body to and remote terminal.
The hydrodynamic force measurement assembly comprises an intelligent water gauge, a rain gauge, a millimeter wave radar level gauge and a camera, wherein the intelligent water gauge, the rain gauge, the millimeter wave radar level gauge and the camera are arranged on the hydrologic tower body.
The water ecology measurement system component comprises a spectrum water quality monitor.
The intelligent water gauge, the rain gauge, the millimeter wave radar level gauge, the camera and the spectrum water quality monitor are all electrically connected with the control module, and the control module is communicated with the remote terminal through the wireless communication assembly.
The energy supply assembly supplies power for the intelligent water gauge, the rain gauge, the millimeter wave radar level gauge, the camera, the spectrum water quality monitor and the control module.
According to the invention, the intelligent water gauge, the rain gauge, the millimeter wave radar liquid level gauge, the camera and the spectrum water quality monitor are arranged on the hydrologic tower, so that hydrologic full-element integrated real-time on-line monitoring is carried out, key information such as hydrologic water quality and the like is accurately mastered, full-period automatic monitoring is realized, and the method has important significance in improving flood control and disaster reduction, protecting water environment safety and the like.
Further improved, the remote terminal comprises a terminal server, a display and an early warning module. When the dangerous situation occurs or the dangerous situation is predicted to occur, the early warning module gives an alarm, and the server generates a message from the dangerous situation information and sends the message to a hydrologic management worker and nearby residents to timely avoid the danger and carry out necessary rescue work.
Further improved, the energy supply assembly comprises a solar module, a wind power generation assembly and an energy storage battery, wherein the solar module, the wind power generation assembly and the energy storage battery are electrically connected, and solar energy and wind energy are converted into electric energy to be stored in the battery. By arranging the solar module and the wind power generation assembly, external power supply is not needed, and the self-sufficient energy supply is realized, so that the energy is saved, and the environment is protected.
Further improved, the communication assembly is RTU private network communication or 5G network communication, keeps communication smooth, and provides powerful guarantee for hydrologic acquisition data transmission.
Further improved, the system also comprises a Beidou emergency communication system. When a dangerous situation occurs, the conventional communication equipment is damaged, and the communication task cannot be completed. The Beidou emergency communication system is not affected by natural disasters, and under emergency conditions, the Beidou RDSS satellite communication function is used for constructing a communication system, so that one-to-one or one-to-many communication is realized, information is timely sent, and the Beidou emergency communication system has practical significance for timeliness of dangerous information transmission.
The measuring method based on the hydrological tower measuring system comprises the following steps:
S1: setting a reference water level as H 0, measuring the outline of the river bed below the reference water level by using a sonar detector to obtain the section area S 0 of the river bed below the reference water level, measuring the corresponding river channel widths W i,Hi and W i at different heights H i above the reference water level as a one-to-one mapping relation, fitting the measured H i and W i data into a function f (H i)→Wi, storing the data in a database of a server, and storing contact phones of hydrologic management workers and nearby residents in the database;
s2: establishing a hydrodynamic model according to the parameters in the step S1, wherein the river bed end surface areas correspond to different heights
S3: the river water level H t is monitored in real time by utilizing a millimeter wave radar liquid level meter, the flow speed V t is calculated by utilizing a video image shot by a camera, the water flow cross-section area S t corresponding to the water level at the moment is calculated according to the hydrodynamic model in the step S2, the cross-section flow Q t＝Vt·St is obtained, and an alarm is sent out when the cross-section flow Q t exceeds a set threshold value Q 0;
s4: the spectral water quality monitor monitors water quality and periodically sends monitoring results to a server through a communication component, and the server sends water quality analysis results, rainfall measured by a rain gauge in real time, and predicted flood peak flow and flood peak arrival time generation messages to water management workers and nearby residents.
In the step S3, the outlines of the river channel, the river levee and the river bank are extracted from the video image shot by the camera in real time, and a reference surface and a reference line are determined;
Extracting the height of pixels of pedestrians passing through the reference surface in the shot video image;
Calculating the average pixel height of an effective pedestrian passing through the reference surface, and determining the actual length delta L of unit pixels on the reference surface;
measuring and calculating relative pixel displacement L t of floaters near the reference line on the river surface between two frames of images in the monitoring video image; and calculating the flow velocity V t＝Lt delta L/delta t of the river at the moment by utilizing the interval delta t of the two frames of images and combining the relative pixel displacement L t and the actual length delta L of the unit pixel.
Because the height of the hydrologic tower is high, the flow rate of water cannot be directly measured by the flowmeter. According to the invention, the camera is adopted to shoot video images of the image river channel and the surrounding, the video images are sent to the controller, the image processing module of the controller extracts the outlines of the river channel, the river levee and the river bank from the images, the reference surface and the reference line are determined, the flow velocity is calculated through comparison, and the flow velocity is transmitted to the remote terminal through the communication group, so that the calculation precision is high, and the efficiency is high.
In step S3, the millimeter wave radar level gauge monitors the river water level H t in real time and sends the monitored river water level H t to the server through the communication component, the server compares the received H t with the values in the set of the height H i indicated in the database, when the same data are found, the area S i of the end face of the river bed corresponding to the value of the height is queried, at this time, the area S i is the water flow cross section area S t corresponding to the water level, and then S t＝Si obtains the one-to-one correspondence of H t→St.
Further improved, in the step S4, the spectrum water quality monitor performs non-contact in-situ monitoring with a spectrum band of 400-1000nm and a spectrum resolution of 1nm, performs artificial intelligence inversion algorithm training, and monitors a plurality of ecological indexes including chlorophyll, total nitrogen TN, total phosphorus T afraid, transparency, COD, turbidity, ammonia nitrogen NH3-N and suspended matter concentration.
In step S4, the method for predicting the peak flow and the peak arrival time starts to calculate when the water level exceeds the set value H c, calculates the section flow Q t once every fixed period until the section flow Q t exceeds the set threshold value Q 0, calculates M section flow values altogether, fits the M section flow values into a curve, measures the rain value according to the curve trend and the section flow Q t as the set threshold value Q 0 by using the rain gauge, and judges the peak flow and the peak arrival time.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, the intelligent water gauge, the rain gauge, the millimeter wave radar liquid level gauge, the camera and the spectrum water quality monitor are arranged on the hydrologic tower, so that hydrologic full-element integrated real-time on-line monitoring is carried out, key information such as hydrologic water quality and the like is accurately mastered, full-period automatic monitoring is realized, and the method has important significance in improving flood control and disaster reduction, protecting water environment safety and the like.
2. According to the invention, by arranging the Beidou emergency communication system, when dangerous situations occur and conventional communication equipment is damaged, the Beidou RDSS satellite communication function constructs the communication system, so that one-to-one or one-to-many communication is realized, information is timely sent, and the method has practical significance for timeliness of dangerous information transmission.
3. According to the invention, the camera is adopted to shoot video images of the image river channel and the surrounding, the video images are sent to the controller, the image processing module of the controller extracts the outlines of the river channel, the river levee and the river bank from the images, the reference surface and the reference line are determined, the flow velocity is calculated through comparison, and the flow velocity is transmitted to the remote terminal through the communication group, so that the calculation precision is high, and the efficiency is high.
4. According to the invention, the solar module and the wind power generation assembly are arranged, so that external power supply is not needed, self-sufficient energy supply is realized, energy is saved, and the environment is protected.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a system block diagram of a hydrographic tower based measurement system according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of the measurement method according to the invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Embodiment one:
As shown in fig. 1, the hydrographic tower-based measurement system includes a hydrodynamic measurement assembly, an energy supply assembly, a control module, and a communication assembly disposed on a hydrographic tower body, and a remote terminal.
The hydrodynamic force measurement assembly comprises an intelligent water gauge, a rain gauge, a millimeter wave radar level gauge and a camera, wherein the intelligent water gauge, the rain gauge, the millimeter wave radar level gauge and the camera are arranged on the hydrologic tower body.
The water ecology measurement system component comprises a spectrum water quality monitor.
The intelligent water gauge, the rain gauge, the millimeter wave radar level gauge, the camera and the spectrum water quality monitor are all electrically connected with the control module, and the control module is communicated with the remote terminal through the wireless communication assembly.
The energy supply assembly supplies power for the intelligent water gauge, the rain gauge, the millimeter wave radar level gauge, the camera, the spectrum water quality monitor and the control module.
According to the invention, the intelligent water gauge, the rain gauge, the millimeter wave radar liquid level gauge, the camera and the spectrum water quality monitor are arranged on the hydrologic tower, so that hydrologic full-element integrated real-time on-line monitoring is carried out, key information such as hydrologic water quality and the like is accurately mastered, full-period automatic monitoring is realized, and the method has important significance in improving flood control and disaster reduction, protecting water environment safety and the like.
In this embodiment, the remote terminal includes a terminal server, a display, and an early warning module. When the dangerous situation occurs or the dangerous situation is predicted to occur, the early warning module gives an alarm, and the server generates a message from the dangerous situation information and sends the message to a hydrologic management worker and nearby residents to timely avoid the danger and carry out necessary rescue work.
In this embodiment, the energy supply assembly includes a solar module, a wind power generation assembly and an energy storage battery, and the solar module, the wind power generation assembly and the energy storage battery are electrically connected to convert solar energy and wind energy into electric energy and store the electric energy in the battery. By arranging the solar module and the wind power generation assembly, external power supply is not needed, and the self-sufficient energy supply is realized, so that the energy is saved, and the environment is protected.
In other embodiments, the energy supply assembly may be a solar module or a wind power generation assembly, as desired.
In this embodiment, the communication component is a 5G network communication system and a beidou emergency communication system. Keep communication smooth and provide powerful guarantee for hydrologic acquisition data transmission. When a dangerous situation occurs, the conventional communication equipment is damaged, and the communication task cannot be completed. The Beidou emergency communication system is not affected by natural disasters, and under emergency conditions, the Beidou RDSS satellite communication function is used for constructing a communication system, so that one-to-one or one-to-many communication is realized, information is timely sent, and the Beidou emergency communication system has practical significance for timeliness of dangerous information transmission.
In other embodiments, the communication component is an RTU private network communication.
Embodiment two:
as shown in fig. 2, the measurement method based on the hydrographic tower measurement system comprises the following steps:
S1: setting a reference water level as H 0, measuring the outline of the river bed below the reference water level by using a sonar detector, measuring the corresponding widths of the river bed at different depths of water to obtain the section area S 0 of the river bed below the reference water level, and measuring the corresponding mapping relation f (H i)→Wi) of the river channel widths W i,Hi and W i at different heights H i above the reference water level, wherein the data are stored in a database of a server, and the database is also stored with contact phones of hydrologic management workers and nearby residents;
s2: establishing a hydrodynamic model according to the parameters in the step S1, wherein the river bed end surface areas correspond to different heights
S3: the river water level H t is monitored in real time by utilizing a millimeter wave radar liquid level meter, the flow speed V t is calculated by utilizing a video image shot by a camera, the water flow cross-section area S t corresponding to the water level at the moment is calculated according to the hydrodynamic model in the step S2, the cross-section flow Q t＝Vt·St is obtained, and an alarm is sent out when the cross-section flow Q t exceeds a set threshold value Q 0;
s4: the spectral water quality monitor monitors water quality and periodically sends monitoring results to a server through a communication component, and the server sends water quality analysis results, rainfall measured by a rain gauge in real time, and predicted flood peak flow and flood peak arrival time generation messages to water management workers and nearby residents.
In this embodiment, in the step S3, contours of the river channel, the river levee and the river bank are extracted from the video image captured by the camera in real time, and a reference plane and a reference line are determined;
Extracting the height of pixels of pedestrians passing through the reference surface in the shot video image;
Calculating the average pixel height of an effective pedestrian passing through the reference surface, and determining the actual length delta L of unit pixels on the reference surface;
measuring and calculating relative pixel displacement L t of floaters near the reference line on the river surface between two frames of images in the monitoring video image; and calculating the flow velocity V t＝Lt delta L/delta t of the river at the moment by utilizing the interval delta t of the two frames of images and combining the relative pixel displacement L t and the actual length delta L of the unit pixel.
Because the height of the hydrologic tower is high, the flow rate of water cannot be directly measured by the flowmeter. According to the invention, the camera is adopted to shoot video images of the image river channel and the surrounding, the video images are sent to the controller, the image processing module of the controller extracts the outlines of the river channel, the river levee and the river bank from the images, the reference surface and the reference line are determined, the flow velocity is calculated through comparison, and the flow velocity is transmitted to the remote terminal through the communication group, so that the calculation precision is high, and the efficiency is high.
In this embodiment, in step S3, the millimeter wave radar level gauge monitors the river water level H t in real time and sends the monitored river water level H t to the server through the communication component, the server compares the received H t with the values in the set of the height H i in the database, and when the same data is found, the area S i of the end face of the river bed corresponding to the value of the height value is queried, at this time, the area S i is the water flow cross-section area S t corresponding to the water level, and then S t＝Si obtains the one-to-one correspondence of H t→St.
In this embodiment, in step S4, the spectral water quality monitor is a hyperspectral water quality monitor, the spectral band is 400-1000nm, the spectral resolution is 1nm, the non-contact in-situ monitoring is performed, no chemical reagent is needed, the artificial intelligent inversion algorithm training is performed on the areas needing to monitor water quality, such as the river channel, a plurality of ecological indexes including chlorophyll, total nitrogen TN, total phosphorus T afraid, transparency, COD, turbidity, ammonia nitrogen NH3-N and suspended matter concentration are monitored, the monitoring interval time can be set to a second level, and the on-site visible light video and picture information can be synchronously recorded.
In this embodiment, in the step S4, in the method for predicting the peak flow rate and the peak arrival time, when the water level exceeds the set value H c, calculating the cross-sectional flow rate Q t every 5 minutes until the cross-sectional flow rate Q t exceeds the set threshold value Q 0, calculating M cross-sectional flow rate values altogether, fitting the M cross-sectional flow rate values into a curve, measuring the rain value according to the curve trend and the rainfall at the moment when the cross-sectional flow rate Q t is the set threshold value Q 0, and judging the peak flow rate and the peak arrival time.
In the several embodiments provided by the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices, and methods may be implemented in other manners. The above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, for example, the division of the units is merely a logical function division, and there may be other manners of division in actual implementation, and for example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not performed.
With the above-described preferred embodiments according to the present invention as an illustration, the above-described descriptions can be used by persons skilled in the relevant art to make various changes and modifications without departing from the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the description, but must be determined according to the scope of claims.
Claims (5)
1. The hydrologic tower-based measuring system is characterized by comprising a hydrodynamic measuring assembly, a water ecological measuring assembly, an energy supply assembly, a control module, a communication assembly and a remote terminal, wherein the hydrodynamic measuring assembly, the water ecological measuring assembly, the energy supply assembly, the control module and the communication assembly are arranged on a hydrologic tower body;
The hydrodynamic force measuring assembly comprises an intelligent water gauge, a rain gauge, a millimeter wave radar level gauge and a camera which are arranged on the hydrological tower body;
The water ecology measurement assembly comprises a spectrum water quality monitor;
The intelligent water gauge, the rain gauge, the millimeter wave radar level gauge, the camera and the spectrum water quality monitor are all electrically connected with the control module, and the control module is communicated with the remote terminal through the wireless communication assembly;
the energy supply assembly supplies power to the intelligent water gauge, the rain gauge, the millimeter wave radar liquid level gauge, the camera, the spectrum water quality monitor and the control module;
A method of measuring a hydrographic tower metering system comprising the steps of:
S1: setting a reference water level as H 0, measuring the outline of the river bed below the reference water level by using a sonar detector to obtain the section area S 0 of the river bed below the reference water level, measuring the corresponding river channel widths W i,Hi and W i at different heights H i above the reference water level as a one-to-one mapping relation, fitting the measured H i and W i data into a function f (H i）→Wi, storing the data in a database of a server, and storing contact phones of hydrologic management workers and nearby residents in the database;
s2: establishing a hydrodynamic model according to the parameters in the step S1, wherein the river bed end surface areas correspond to different heights ；
S3: the river water level H t is monitored in real time by utilizing the millimeter wave radar liquid level meter, the flow velocity V t is calculated by utilizing the video image shot by the camera, the water flow cross-section area S t corresponding to the water level at the moment is calculated according to the hydrodynamic model in the step S2, and the cross-section flow is obtainedWhen the section flow rate Q t exceeds the set threshold value Q 0, an alarm is sent out;
The millimeter wave radar level gauge monitors the river water level H t in real time and sends the river water level H t to a server through a communication component, the server compares the received H t with the numerical value in the collection of the height H i shown in the database, when the same data are found, the area of the end face of the river bed corresponding to the numerical value of the height value is inquired, the area is the water flow cross-section area S t corresponding to the water level at the moment, and S t= is carried out to obtain the one-to-one correspondence of H t→St;
S4: the spectral water quality monitor monitors water quality and periodically sends monitoring results to a server through a communication component, the server measures the water quality analysis results and rainfall in real time, and predicted flood peak flow and flood peak reaching time generate messages, and the messages are sent to hydrologic management workers and nearby residents;
Calculating the flow rate of the flood peak and the arrival time of the flood peak at fixed intervals when the water level exceeds a set value H c, calculating the flow rate of the cross section Q t once every fixed period until the flow rate of the cross section Q t exceeds a set threshold value Q 0, calculating M cross section flow rate values altogether, fitting the M cross section flow rate values into a curve, measuring the rain value according to the curve trend and the rainfall at the moment when the flow rate of the cross section Q t is the set threshold value Q 0, and judging the flow rate of the flood peak and the arrival time of the flood peak;
in the step S3, the outlines of the river channel, the river levee and the river bank are extracted from video images shot by the camera in real time, and a reference surface and a reference line are determined;
Extracting the height of pixels of pedestrians passing through the reference surface in the shot video image;
Calculating the average pixel height of an effective pedestrian passing through the reference surface, and determining the actual length delta L of unit pixels on the reference surface;
measuring and calculating relative pixel displacement L t of floaters near the reference line on the river surface between two frames of images in the monitoring video image; calculating the flow velocity V t=Lt delta L/delta t of the river at the moment by utilizing the interval time delta t of the two frames of images and combining the relative pixel displacement L t and the actual length delta L of the unit pixel;
the spectrum water quality monitor has a spectrum band of 400-1000nm, a spectrum resolution of 1nm and non-contact in-situ monitoring, performs artificial intelligent inversion algorithm training, and monitors a plurality of ecological indexes including chlorophyll, total nitrogen TN, total phosphorus TP, transparency, COD, turbidity, ammonia nitrogen NH3-N and suspended matter concentration.
2. The hydrographic tower based measurement system according to claim 1, wherein the remote terminal includes a terminal server, a display and an early warning module.
3. The hydrographic tower based measurement system according to claim 2, wherein the energy supply assembly includes a solar module, a wind power generation assembly, and an energy storage battery, the solar module, the wind power generation assembly being electrically connected to the energy storage battery to convert solar energy and wind energy into electrical energy for storage in the battery.
4. A hydrographic tower based measurement system according to claim 3, wherein the communication component is an RTU private network communication or a 5G network communication.
5. The hydrographic tower based measurement system according to claim 4, further comprising a Beidou emergency communication system.
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