CN115096487B - Pressure measuring device and method for soil - Google Patents

Pressure measuring device and method for soil Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN115096487B
CN115096487B CN202210691330.4A CN202210691330A CN115096487B CN 115096487 B CN115096487 B CN 115096487B CN 202210691330 A CN202210691330 A CN 202210691330A CN 115096487 B CN115096487 B CN 115096487B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
pressure
container
soil
hydraulic sensor
sensing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN202210691330.4A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN115096487A (en
Inventor
王俊刚
黄涛
徐大众
肖斌超
刘成
刘乃友
王璐
王朝阳
姚鑫
陈苗苗
郭含
王凯
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Qingdao Donghui Spring Technology Co ltd
Qingdao University of Technology
Original Assignee
Qingdao Donghui Spring Technology Co ltd
Qingdao University of Technology
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Qingdao Donghui Spring Technology Co ltd, Qingdao University of Technology filed Critical Qingdao Donghui Spring Technology Co ltd
Priority to CN202210691330.4A priority Critical patent/CN115096487B/en
Publication of CN115096487A publication Critical patent/CN115096487A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN115096487B publication Critical patent/CN115096487B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01LMEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L5/00Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01FMEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G01F23/14Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measurement of pressure

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a device and a method for measuring the pressure of soil, comprising a container, a hydraulic sensor, a sensing device, a protective shell and a signal acquisition and transmission system for acquiring the pressure signal of the hydraulic sensor; the two ends of the container are opened, a cavity is formed in the container, the hydraulic sensor and the sensing device are respectively arranged at the two opening ends of the cavity of the container, and the middle of the cavity is filled with liquid; the end of the hydraulic sensor is an inner measuring end, and the end of the sensing device is an outer sensing end; the hydraulic sensor is sealed in a sealed space by the protective shell, the inner measuring end is arranged in the protective shell, and the outer sensing end extends out of the protective shell; the method does not need to calculate the force through the deformation, can directly measure the force, and has high pressure measurement precision of the soil; the diaphragm or piston structure is adopted, so that the soil pressure can be measured; by adopting the structures of the diaphragm, the lantern ring and the filter screen, the pore pressure in the soil can be measured more accurately.

Description

一种用于土的压力测定装置及方法A pressure measuring device and method for soil

技术领域Technical field

本发明涉及压力检测领域,具体涉及一种用于土的压力测定装置及方法。The invention relates to the field of pressure detection, and in particular to a pressure measurement device and method for soil.

背景技术Background technique

目前在工程施工以及科研过程中均会涉及到土的特征参数的问题,比如:土压力、土孔隙压力、地下水位和地下水压等参数,现有技术中主要是通过采用变形量推算力的方式获得相关参数,但是通常伴随着使用工况与标定条件不一致的情况,比如当土层受压之后,土层发生连续变形,土的模量一直处于变化中,此时采用变形量推算土压力会产生误差,无法准确的测量土的压力。此外,现在有的土压传感器可以直接测得土的压力,但是不能测得孔隙压力。目前尚且没有能够实时准确的测量各类状态下的土的压力特征参数的装置。At present, in the process of engineering construction and scientific research, the characteristics of soil parameters are involved, such as: soil pressure, soil pore pressure, groundwater level, groundwater pressure and other parameters. In the existing technology, the force is mainly calculated by using the deformation amount. Obtain relevant parameters, but it is usually accompanied by situations where the operating conditions are inconsistent with the calibration conditions. For example, when the soil layer is under pressure, the soil layer undergoes continuous deformation, and the modulus of the soil is always changing. At this time, using the deformation amount to calculate the soil pressure will Error occurs and the soil pressure cannot be accurately measured. In addition, some earth pressure sensors now can directly measure soil pressure, but they cannot measure pore pressure. At present, there is no device that can accurately measure the pressure characteristic parameters of soil under various conditions in real time.

发明内容Contents of the invention

针对以上缺陷,本发明提出一种用于土的压力测定装置及方法,这种装置不需要变形转化,就能够测得土的压力特征参数,测量值不受土的变形模量影响,测量精度高。In view of the above defects, the present invention proposes a pressure measurement device and method for soil. This device can measure the pressure characteristic parameters of the soil without deformation transformation. The measured value is not affected by the deformation modulus of the soil and the measurement accuracy is high. high.

一种用于土的压力测定装置,包括容器、液压传感器、感应装置、保护壳和用于采集液压传感器的压力信号的信号采集传输系统,所述液压传感器与信号采集传输系统电性连接;A pressure measuring device for soil, including a container, a hydraulic sensor, a sensing device, a protective shell and a signal acquisition and transmission system for collecting pressure signals from the hydraulic sensor, where the hydraulic sensor is electrically connected to the signal acquisition and transmission system;

所述容器两端开口,内部形成有空腔,所述液压传感器和感应装置分别设置于容器的空腔的两个开口端,中间填充满液体;液压传感器所在一端为内测端,感应装置所在一端为外感端;所述液压传感器用于测定容器内的液体压力,所述感应装置用于感受外部压力并将压力通过空腔内填充的液体传向液压传感器;The container is open at both ends, and a cavity is formed inside. The hydraulic sensor and the sensing device are respectively arranged at the two open ends of the cavity of the container, and the middle is filled with liquid; the end where the hydraulic sensor is located is the inner measuring end, and the sensing device is located One end is the external sensing end; the hydraulic sensor is used to measure the liquid pressure in the container, and the sensing device is used to sense the external pressure and transmit the pressure to the hydraulic sensor through the liquid filled in the cavity;

所述保护壳用于将液压传感器封闭在一个密闭空间内,所述内测端及液压传感器设置于保护壳内,所述外感端伸出保护壳外;这样能够保证液压传感器仅能够与容器内的液体接触的一端受力,避免液压传感器出现周围受压的情况,从而保证了设备测量的准确性;The protective shell is used to seal the hydraulic sensor in a closed space, the inner sensing end and the hydraulic sensor are arranged in the protective shell, and the outer sensing end extends out of the protective shell; this ensures that the hydraulic sensor can only communicate with the inside of the container. The end in contact with the liquid is stressed to avoid pressure around the hydraulic sensor, thus ensuring the accuracy of equipment measurement;

测定土体压力时,所述容器、液压传感器、感应装置和保护壳均放置于待测土层内,所述信号采集传输系统设置于待测土层外,所述信号采集传输系统通过线路与液压传感器连接。When measuring soil pressure, the container, hydraulic sensor, induction device and protective shell are all placed in the soil layer to be measured, and the signal acquisition and transmission system is set outside the soil layer to be measured. The signal acquisition and transmission system communicates with the soil layer through lines. Hydraulic sensor connection.

这种结构当外界土体的压力作用于感应装置后,感应装置将相关压力传递至容器内的液体,由液压传感器直接测量液体压力的大小,不需要通过变形量推算力的方式获得力的相关参数,测量数据更准确。In this structure, when the pressure of the external soil acts on the sensing device, the sensing device transmits the relevant pressure to the liquid in the container, and the hydraulic sensor directly measures the liquid pressure. There is no need to calculate the force through deformation to obtain the correlation of the force. parameters, the measurement data is more accurate.

在基础上,为了能够测定不同方向的土力学参数,所述容器为直管或弯管。容器为直管结构时,可以将其设置于土体内的竖直方向,容器的内测端和外感端的端面均与水平面平行,从而用于测量来自土体上方的压力;容器为弯管结构时,容器的内测端的端面与水平面平行,外感端的端面朝向土体侧面,这种结构可以用于测量来自土体侧向的压力,此外,外感端端面的法向为压力测定方向,通过改变容器的埋置方向或者设置不同的弯管角度还可以测量其他方向上土的压力。Basically, in order to be able to measure soil mechanical parameters in different directions, the container is a straight pipe or a bent pipe. When the container is a straight pipe structure, it can be set in the vertical direction within the soil. The end faces of the inner and outer sensing ends of the container are parallel to the horizontal plane, so that it can be used to measure the pressure from above the soil; when the container is a curved pipe structure , the end face of the inner measuring end of the container is parallel to the horizontal plane, and the end face of the external sensing end faces the side of the soil. This structure can be used to measure the pressure from the side of the soil. In addition, the normal direction of the end face of the external sensing end is the direction of pressure measurement. By changing the container The embedding direction or different bend angles can also be used to measure the soil pressure in other directions.

在此基础上,所述容器可以为等径管或变径管。当所述容器为变径管时,变径管的内径连续变化,且外感端的端面面积大于内测端的端面面积。由于内测端连接的液压传感器为标准件,内测端的端面尺寸相对固定,如果外感端的面积太小容易受到边界摩擦、大粒径卡管等因素影响,因此,增大外感端面积有利于提高测量精度。On this basis, the container may be a constant-diameter pipe or a variable-diameter pipe. When the container is a reducing tube, the inner diameter of the reducing tube changes continuously, and the end surface area of the external sensing end is larger than the end surface area of the internal sensing end. Since the hydraulic sensor connected to the inner measuring end is a standard part, the size of the end face of the inner measuring end is relatively fixed. If the area of the external sensing end is too small, it will be easily affected by factors such as boundary friction and large particle diameter stuck pipes. Therefore, increasing the area of the external sensing end will help improve the efficiency of the system. measurement accuracy.

方案一:所述感应装置为允许孔隙水通过的第一滤网,所述第一滤网与容器在外感端处固定连接。该装置容器与外部连通,主要用于测定饱和土的孔隙水压力、非承压水土壤中的水位、以及承压水中的水压及其变化。Option 1: The sensing device is a first filter that allows pore water to pass through, and the first filter is fixedly connected to the external sensing end of the container. The device container is connected to the outside and is mainly used to measure the pore water pressure of saturated soil, the water level in non-confined soil, and the water pressure in pressurized water and its changes.

方案二:所述感应装置为膜片,所述膜片与容器在外感端处固定连接;且所述膜片、液压传感器与容器配合将容器内填充的液体封闭于容器的空腔内。该装置容器与外部不连通,在外部有压力传递到膜片上后,膜片会发生变形,从而挤压容器内的液体将压力传递到液压传感器上,从而测定对应的土压力。Option 2: The sensing device is a diaphragm, and the diaphragm is fixedly connected to the container at the external sensing end; and the diaphragm, the hydraulic sensor and the container cooperate to seal the liquid filled in the container into the cavity of the container. The container of this device is not connected to the outside. When external pressure is transmitted to the diaphragm, the diaphragm will deform, thereby squeezing the liquid in the container and transmitting the pressure to the hydraulic sensor, thereby measuring the corresponding earth pressure.

方案三:在方案二的基础上,所述感应装置为膜片,所述膜片远离液压传感器的一侧设置有用于向膜片传递孔隙压力的套环,所述套环与容器固定连接,所述套环内填充满沙;所述套环远离容器的一端依次设置有只允许液体和气体通过的第二滤网、承压板和铁网,所述第二滤网两侧分别为承压板和套环。所述铁网能够对土料进行阻挡,避免土料进入承压板的通孔对套环内的沙产生挤压作用,从而提高测量精度,所述承压板能够承受土的压力不变形,第二滤网能够将填充的沙料封闭在套环内,防止沙料外溢,并且将少量通过承压板的土料阻挡在套环外,使该装置可以准确测量土中的孔隙压力,这种孔隙压力可以为孔隙水压力及孔隙气压力。Option 3: Based on Option 2, the sensing device is a diaphragm. The side of the diaphragm away from the hydraulic sensor is provided with a collar for transmitting pore pressure to the diaphragm. The collar is fixedly connected to the container. The collar is filled with sand; the end of the collar away from the container is provided with a second filter screen, a pressure-bearing plate and an iron mesh that only allow liquids and gases to pass through. The two sides of the second filter screen are support bearings. Pressure plate and collar. The iron mesh can block the soil material and prevent the soil material from entering the through hole of the pressure-bearing plate and squeezing the sand in the collar, thereby improving the measurement accuracy. The pressure-bearing plate can withstand the pressure of the soil without deforming. The second filter can seal the filled sand in the collar to prevent the sand from overflowing, and block a small amount of soil that passes through the pressure-bearing plate outside the collar, so that the device can accurately measure the pore pressure in the soil. The pore pressure can be pore water pressure and pore air pressure.

方案四:所述感应装置为推进器,所述推进器包括壳体和设置于壳体内的活塞,所述活塞与壳体滑动连接,所述活塞将容器内的液体封闭在一个密闭空间。所述活塞远离液压传感器的一端承受待测土体的压力,承受压力后的活塞在壳体内滑动。这种活塞结构对于土压力的变化更为敏感,使测得的土压力具有实时性及动态特征,相对方案二而言具有更高的精度和灵敏度。Option 4: The induction device is a propeller. The propeller includes a housing and a piston arranged in the housing. The piston is slidingly connected to the housing. The piston seals the liquid in the container in a closed space. One end of the piston away from the hydraulic sensor bears the pressure of the soil to be measured, and the piston slides in the housing after bearing the pressure. This piston structure is more sensitive to changes in earth pressure, so that the measured earth pressure has real-time and dynamic characteristics, and has higher accuracy and sensitivity than the second option.

在此基础上,为了防止容器内的水分蒸发等损失,延长设备使用寿命,所述活塞与壳体之间还设置有防止容器内的水分流失的膜片,当设置膜片后,可抑制容器内的液体沿活塞缝隙挥发。On this basis, in order to prevent losses such as evaporation of water in the container and extend the service life of the equipment, a diaphragm is also provided between the piston and the shell to prevent the loss of water in the container. When the diaphragm is installed, the container can be inhibited from The liquid inside evaporates along the piston gap.

在此基础上,所述活塞远离液压传感器的一端设置有保护膜。设置保护膜能够防止土体进入壳体与活塞之间的空隙,避免堵塞活塞。On this basis, a protective film is provided at one end of the piston away from the hydraulic sensor. Setting up a protective film can prevent soil from entering the gap between the shell and the piston and blocking the piston.

一种土的压力测定方法,使用上述用于土的压力测定装置,具体方法为:A soil pressure measurement method, using the above-mentioned pressure measurement device for soil, the specific method is:

S1.将该压力测定装置按照安装角度静置于空气中,不施加载荷,信号采集传输系统采集液压传感器检测到的信号,即为初始压力值;S1. Place the pressure measuring device quietly in the air according to the installation angle without applying any load. The signal acquisition and transmission system collects the signal detected by the hydraulic sensor, which is the initial pressure value;

S2.将该压力测定装置按照S1中的角度放置于待测土体中;S2. Place the pressure measuring device in the soil to be measured according to the angle in S1;

其中,该装置的容器、液压传感器、感应装置和保护壳埋在待测土体内;Among them, the container, hydraulic sensor, induction device and protective shell of the device are buried in the soil to be measured;

S3.感应装置感受到待测土的压力并将压力通过空腔内填充的液体传向液压传感器;S3. The sensing device senses the pressure of the soil to be measured and transmits the pressure to the hydraulic sensor through the liquid filled in the cavity;

S4.信号采集传输系统采集液压传感器检测到的压力信号,即为实测压力值,从而得到土的压力值为实测压力值与初始压力值的差值。S4. The signal acquisition and transmission system collects the pressure signal detected by the hydraulic sensor, which is the measured pressure value, and the soil pressure value obtained is the difference between the measured pressure value and the initial pressure value.

本发明的有益之处在于:1.由于压力测量精度与膜片的等代模量有关,压实过程中土的模量处于变化中,土压力值匹配度差,本发明不需要通过变形量推算力,可以直接测得力的大小,土的压力测量精度高;2.本发明可以通过外感端的不同朝向测量不同方向的土体压力;3.本发明通过外感端仅安装滤网的方案,安装在非承压水土壤中可测定水位,安装在承压水中可测定土中水压及其变化,无需安装水位管,通过该装置可以实时获得水位信息;4.本发明通过外感端处安装膜片或活塞,可以测量土压力,且精度和灵敏度高;5.本发明通过外感端处安装膜片后,加装内填沙子的套环,可以测量土中的孔隙压力,精度高。The beneficial aspects of the present invention are: 1. Since the pressure measurement accuracy is related to the equivalent modulus of the diaphragm, the modulus of the soil is changing during the compaction process, and the matching degree of the earth pressure value is poor. The present invention does not need to pass the deformation amount. By calculating the force, the force can be measured directly, and the soil pressure measurement accuracy is high; 2. The present invention can measure the soil pressure in different directions through different orientations of the external sensing end; 3. The present invention only installs a filter at the external sensing end, and the installation The water level can be measured in non-pressurized water soil, and the water pressure and its changes in the soil can be measured when installed in pressurized water. There is no need to install a water level pipe. The water level information can be obtained in real time through this device; 4. The present invention installs a membrane at the external sensing end. The diaphragm or piston can be used to measure earth pressure with high accuracy and sensitivity; 5. In the present invention, after installing a diaphragm at the external sense end and adding a collar filled with sand, the pore pressure in the soil can be measured with high accuracy.

附图说明Description of the drawings

图1为实施例1中的用于土的压力测定装置的整体结构示意图;Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the pressure measuring device for soil in Embodiment 1;

图2为实施例1中所述的容器为变径管的结构示意图;Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the container described in Embodiment 1 being a reducer;

图3为实施例2中所述的感应装置的结构示意图;Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the sensing device described in Embodiment 2;

图4为实施例3中所述的感应装置的结构示意图;Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the sensing device described in Embodiment 3;

图5为实施例4中所述的感应装置的结构示意图;Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the sensing device described in Embodiment 4;

图6为实施例4中所述的承压板的结构示意图;Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the pressure-bearing plate described in Embodiment 4;

图7为实施例5中所述的感应装置的结构示意图;Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the sensing device described in Embodiment 5;

图8为实施例5中所述的推进器的结构示意图;Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the propeller described in Embodiment 5;

图9为实施例5中所述的感应装置与容器之间设置膜片的结构示意图。Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a diaphragm arranged between the sensing device and the container described in Embodiment 5.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

为更进一步阐述本发明为实现预定发明目的所采取的技术手段及功效,以下结合附图及较佳实施例,对依据本发明的具体实施方式、结构、特征及其功效,详细说明如后。In order to further elaborate on the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the intended inventive purpose, the specific implementation manner, structure, features and effects of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

实施例1Example 1

一种用于土的压力测定装置,如图1所示,包括容器1、液压传感器2、感应装置3、保护壳4和用于采集液压传感器2的压力信号的信号采集传输系统5;本发明中土的压力包括土压力和土中的孔隙压力。A pressure measuring device for soil, as shown in Figure 1, includes a container 1, a hydraulic sensor 2, a sensing device 3, a protective shell 4 and a signal acquisition and transmission system 5 for collecting the pressure signal of the hydraulic sensor 2; the present invention The pressure in the middle soil includes earth pressure and pore pressure in the soil.

具体的,所述容器1两端开口,内部形成有空腔1-1,所述液压传感器2和感应装置3分别设置于容器1的空腔1-1的两个开口端,中间填充满液体;所述液压传感器2和感应装置3可以通过螺纹、卡扣等方式与容器1固定;容器1内的液体可以为水或油,由于油可能存在环境污染的问题,优选的,本发明中采用的液体为水,液压传感器2为水压传感器,具体型号可以为XG-131压力变送器。Specifically, the container 1 is open at both ends, and a cavity 1-1 is formed inside. The hydraulic sensor 2 and the sensing device 3 are respectively arranged at the two open ends of the cavity 1-1 of the container 1, and the middle is filled with liquid. ; The hydraulic sensor 2 and the sensing device 3 can be fixed with the container 1 through threads, buckles, etc.; the liquid in the container 1 can be water or oil. Since oil may cause environmental pollution problems, it is preferred to use it in the present invention. The liquid is water, and the hydraulic sensor 2 is a water pressure sensor. The specific model can be XG-131 pressure transmitter.

所述液压传感器2所在一端为内测端1-2,感应装置3所在一端为外感端1-3;所述液压传感器2用于测定容器1内的液体压力,所述感应装置3用于感受外部压力并将压力通过空腔1-1内填充的液体传向液压传感器2;当外界土体的压力作用于感应装置3后,感应装置3将相关压力传递至容器1内的液体,由液压传感器2直接测量液体压力的大小,不需要通过变形量推算力的方式获得力的相关参数,测量数据更准确。The end where the hydraulic sensor 2 is located is the internal measuring end 1-2, and the end where the sensing device 3 is located is the external sensing end 1-3; the hydraulic sensor 2 is used to measure the liquid pressure in the container 1, and the sensing device 3 is used to sense The external pressure transmits the pressure to the hydraulic sensor 2 through the liquid filled in the cavity 1-1; when the pressure of the external soil acts on the sensing device 3, the sensing device 3 transmits the relevant pressure to the liquid in the container 1, which is controlled by the hydraulic pressure. The sensor 2 directly measures the liquid pressure and does not need to calculate the force through deformation to obtain force-related parameters, and the measurement data is more accurate.

优选的,所述液压传感器2与容器1内液体接触的一端水平放置,由于液压传感器2是通过容器1内液体的压力测得,不同高度的液体压力存在微小差别,接触液体压力的一端水平放置能够消除液体高度对压力测定准确性的影响。Preferably, the end of the hydraulic sensor 2 that is in contact with the liquid in the container 1 is placed horizontally. Since the hydraulic sensor 2 is measured by the pressure of the liquid in the container 1, and there are slight differences in the liquid pressure at different heights, the end that is in contact with the liquid pressure is placed horizontally. It can eliminate the influence of liquid height on the accuracy of pressure measurement.

所述保护壳4用于将液压传感器2封闭在一个密闭空间内,所述内测端1-2及液压传感器2设置于保护壳4内,所述外感端1-3伸出保护壳4外;为了准确的测量容器1内的液体压力,必须确保液压传感器2只有与容器1内的液体接触的一端受力,保护壳4将液压传感器2罩于封闭空间内,避免液压传感器2出现周围受压的情况,从而保证了设备测量的准确性;优选的,所述保护壳4采用防水材料,具有一定的防水功能,进而避免保护壳4周围的孔隙水可能对液压传感器2的影响;The protective shell 4 is used to seal the hydraulic sensor 2 in a closed space. The inner sensing end 1-2 and the hydraulic sensor 2 are arranged in the protective shell 4. The outer sensing end 1-3 extends out of the protective shell 4. ; In order to accurately measure the liquid pressure in the container 1, it must be ensured that only the end of the hydraulic sensor 2 that is in contact with the liquid in the container 1 is stressed. The protective shell 4 covers the hydraulic sensor 2 in a closed space to prevent the hydraulic sensor 2 from being affected by the surrounding pressure. pressure, thereby ensuring the accuracy of equipment measurement; preferably, the protective case 4 is made of waterproof material and has a certain waterproof function, thereby avoiding the possible impact of the pore water around the protective case 4 on the hydraulic sensor 2;

所述信号采集传输系统5包括电源5-1、采集及传输液压传感器2压力信号的传感器信息发射装置5-2和用于接收传感器信息发射装置5-2发出信息的信号接收装置5-3,所述电源5-1为传感器信息发射装置5-2和液压传感器2供电,所述液压传感器2的信号被传感器信息发射装置5-2采集后传输至信号接收装置5-3进行处理。优选的,本实施例中,传感器信息发射装置5-2可以为TP302 RTU发射装置,信号接收装置5-3可以为Tint物联网平台,其信息存储于网址https://www.tlink.io/index.htm的数据库中,用户登录网址https://www.tlink.io/index.htm,下载数据。The signal collection and transmission system 5 includes a power supply 5-1, a sensor information transmitting device 5-2 for collecting and transmitting the pressure signal of the hydraulic sensor 2, and a signal receiving device 5-3 for receiving information from the sensor information transmitting device 5-2. The power supply 5-1 supplies power to the sensor information transmitting device 5-2 and the hydraulic sensor 2. The signal of the hydraulic sensor 2 is collected by the sensor information transmitting device 5-2 and then transmitted to the signal receiving device 5-3 for processing. Preferably, in this embodiment, the sensor information transmitting device 5-2 can be a TP302 RTU transmitting device, and the signal receiving device 5-3 can be the Tint Internet of Things platform, and its information is stored at the website https://www.tlink.io/ In the database of index.htm, the user logs in to the URL https://www.tlink.io/index.htm to download the data.

此外,使用该装置测量土的压力时,所述容器1、液压传感器2、感应装置3和保护壳4均埋置于待测土层内,所述信号采集传输系统5设置于待测土层外。In addition, when using this device to measure soil pressure, the container 1, hydraulic sensor 2, sensing device 3 and protective shell 4 are all buried in the soil layer to be measured, and the signal acquisition and transmission system 5 is set in the soil layer to be measured. outside.

在此基础上,为了能够测定不同方向的土力学参数,所述容器1可以为直管或弯管。如图3中(a)、图4中(c)、图5中(e)和图7中(g)所示,容器1为直管结构,作为一种方式,所述直管设置于土体内的竖直方向,内测端1-2和外感端1-3的端面均与水平面平行,这种结构可以用于测量来自土体上方的压力;如图3中(b)、图4中(d)、图5中(f)和图7中(h)所示,容器1为弯管结构,作为一种方式,内测端1-2的端面与水平面平行,外感端1-3的端面朝向土体侧面,这种结构可以用于测量来自土体侧向的压力。此外,外感端端面的法向为压力测定方向,通过改变容器的埋置方向或者设置不同的弯管角度还可以测量其他方向上土的压力,也就是说任何方向土的压力可以通过埋置方向或容器弯转角度解决。On this basis, in order to be able to measure soil mechanical parameters in different directions, the container 1 can be a straight pipe or a bent pipe. As shown in Figure 3 (a), Figure 4 (c), Figure 5 (e) and Figure 7 (g), the container 1 has a straight pipe structure. As a way, the straight pipe is arranged in the soil. In the vertical direction of the body, the end surfaces of the internal sensing ends 1-2 and the external sensing ends 1-3 are parallel to the horizontal plane. This structure can be used to measure the pressure from above the soil body; as shown in Figure 3 (b) and Figure 4 (d), as shown in (f) in Figure 5 and (h) in Figure 7, the container 1 is an elbow structure. As a way, the end surface of the inner sensing end 1-2 is parallel to the horizontal plane, and the end surface of the outer sensing end 1-3 The end face faces the side of the soil, and this structure can be used to measure the pressure from the side of the soil. In addition, the normal direction of the external sense end face is the direction of pressure measurement. By changing the embedding direction of the container or setting different elbow angles, the soil pressure in other directions can also be measured. That is to say, the soil pressure in any direction can be measured in the embedding direction. Or the container bending angle can be solved.

在此基础上,所述容器1可以为等径管或变径管。其中,等径管指的是容器1的内径从内测端1-2端面开始直至外感端1-3端面处不发生变化,如图3-图5和图7所示;变径管指的是容器1的外感端1-3的端面面积大于内测端1-2的端面面积,且所述容器1的内径从内测端1-2端面开始直至外感端1-3端面处连续变化,如图2所示这种结构能够更好的适用于大粒径土层。由于内测端1-2连接的液压传感器2为标准件,内测端1-2的端面尺寸相对固定,如果外感端1-3的面积太小容易受到边界摩擦、大粒径卡管等因素影响,因此,增大外感端1-3面积有利于提高测量精度。On this basis, the container 1 may be a constant-diameter pipe or a variable-diameter pipe. Among them, the constant-diameter tube refers to the inner diameter of the container 1 that does not change from the end face of the inner sense end 1-2 to the end face of the outer sense end 1-3, as shown in Figures 3 to 5 and 7; the variable diameter pipe refers to The end surface area of the external sense end 1-3 of the container 1 is greater than the end surface area of the inner sense end 1-2, and the inner diameter of the container 1 changes continuously from the end face of the inner sense end 1-2 to the end face of the outer sense end 1-3, As shown in Figure 2, this structure can be better suitable for large-grained soil layers. Since the hydraulic sensor 2 connected to the inner sensing end 1-2 is a standard part, the end surface size of the inner sensing end 1-2 is relatively fixed. If the area of the external sensing end 1-3 is too small, it will be easily affected by boundary friction, large particle diameter stuck and other factors. Therefore, increasing the area of external sense terminals 1-3 is beneficial to improving measurement accuracy.

实施例2Example 2

在实施例1的基础上,本实施例中的感应装置3为第一滤网3-2,其他部件均不发生改变,下面仅对感应装置3进行详细阐述:On the basis of Embodiment 1, the sensing device 3 in this embodiment is the first filter 3-2, and other components remain unchanged. Only the sensing device 3 will be described in detail below:

如图3所示,所述感应装置3为第一滤网3-2,所述第一滤网3-2允许孔隙水通过,所述第一滤网3-2在容器1的外感端1-3处与容器1固定连接,使容器1与外部环境相连通,这种结构主要用于测定饱和土的孔隙水压力、非承压水土壤中的水位、以及承压水中的水压及其变化。当土层受压后,由于周围土层均处于饱和状态,孔隙水只能通过第一滤网3-2向容器1内传递,通过液压传感器2测得孔隙水作用前后的液体压力,计算得到饱和土的孔隙水压力。若将设置第一滤网3-2的外感端1-3安装在非承压水的土壤中可测定水位,若将其安装在承压水中可测定土中水压及其变化,非承压水的水位和承压水的水压变化均由水压力计算获得。此外,该结构测定水位时可以不用安装水位管,在不方便安装水位管的地方直接出一根电缆即可,对于不适合布设水位监测设施的工况,可通过该结构实时获得水位信息。As shown in Figure 3, the sensing device 3 is a first filter 3-2. The first filter 3-2 allows pore water to pass through. The first filter 3-2 is at the external sensing end 1 of the container 1. -3 is fixedly connected to the container 1 to connect the container 1 to the external environment. This structure is mainly used to measure the pore water pressure of saturated soil, the water level in non-pressurized soil, and the water pressure in pressurized water. Variety. When the soil layer is under pressure, since the surrounding soil layers are in a saturated state, the pore water can only be transferred to the container 1 through the first filter 3-2. The liquid pressure before and after the pore water acts is measured by the hydraulic sensor 2, and the calculation is Pore water pressure of saturated soil. If the external sense end 1-3 of the first filter 3-2 is installed in the soil of non-pressure water, the water level can be measured. If it is installed in the pressure-bearing water, the water pressure and its changes in the soil can be measured. The non-pressure water level can be measured. The water level and pressure changes of the pressurized water are calculated from the water pressure. In addition, this structure does not need to install a water level pipe when measuring water level. A cable can be directly connected to a place where it is inconvenient to install a water level pipe. For working conditions that are not suitable for laying out water level monitoring facilities, water level information can be obtained in real time through this structure.

实施例3Example 3

在实施例1的基础上,本实施例中的感应装置3为膜片3-1,其他部件均不发生改变,下面仅对感应装置3进行详细阐述:On the basis of Embodiment 1, the sensing device 3 in this embodiment is the diaphragm 3-1, and other components remain unchanged. Only the sensing device 3 will be described in detail below:

如图4所示,所述感应装置3为膜片3-1,所述膜片3-1在容器1的外感端1-3处与容器1固定连接,所述膜片3-1、液压传感器2与容器1配合将容器1内填充的液体封闭于容器1内,不与外界环境连通。优选的,所述膜片3-1具有一定弹性,一定弹性指的是膜片3-1能够弯曲,且弯曲后可以恢复;所述膜片3-1能够承受土的压力,其硬度可以根据土的压力环境进行设计,确保在承受土的压力时不会损坏;所述膜片3-1可以为金属片。As shown in Figure 4, the sensing device 3 is a diaphragm 3-1. The diaphragm 3-1 is fixedly connected to the container 1 at the external sensing end 1-3 of the container 1. The diaphragm 3-1, hydraulic pressure The sensor 2 cooperates with the container 1 to seal the liquid filled in the container 1 within the container 1 and is not connected to the external environment. Preferably, the diaphragm 3-1 has a certain elasticity, which means that the diaphragm 3-1 can bend and recover after bending; the diaphragm 3-1 can withstand the pressure of the soil, and its hardness can be determined according to It is designed according to the soil pressure environment to ensure that it will not be damaged when it withstands the pressure of the soil; the diaphragm 3-1 can be a metal sheet.

当外部有压力传递到膜片3-1上,膜片3-1会发生变形,从而挤压容器1内的液体,进而将压力传递到液压传感器2上,通过液压传感器2测定的液体压力计算得到外部压力的大小。若是通过变形量推算力的方式得到压力参数,那么压力参数的精度土体以及膜片的等代模量有关,在压实过程中由于土的模量处于变化中,由此得到的压力值匹配度差、精度低,而本实施例的这种结构不需要通过变形转换就能直接测得力的大小,测力的过程中不受变形模量影响,压力测量精度高。When external pressure is transmitted to the diaphragm 3-1, the diaphragm 3-1 will deform, thereby squeezing the liquid in the container 1, and then transmit the pressure to the hydraulic sensor 2. The liquid pressure measured by the hydraulic sensor 2 is calculated. Get the magnitude of the external pressure. If the pressure parameter is obtained by calculating the force from the deformation, then the accuracy of the pressure parameter is related to the equivalent modulus of the soil and the diaphragm. During the compaction process, since the modulus of the soil is changing, the pressure value obtained thus matches The degree is poor and the accuracy is low. However, the structure of this embodiment can directly measure the force without deformation conversion. The force measurement process is not affected by the deformation modulus, and the pressure measurement accuracy is high.

具体的,将该装置置于土中,测定土压力时:加载前,液压传感器2的读数为容器1内的初始水压力值;加载后,液压传感器2读数为容器1内的实测水压力值,土压力的大小为容器1内的水压力的实测值减去初始值。这种结构能够准确测定土体作用前后的压力值,进而直接得到土压力的准确数值。这种结构测定的土体可以是含有孔隙水的饱和土体或非饱和土体,也可以是不含有孔隙水的土体。Specifically, the device is placed in the soil and when measuring the soil pressure: before loading, the reading of the hydraulic sensor 2 is the initial water pressure value in the container 1; after loading, the reading of the hydraulic sensor 2 is the actual measured water pressure value in the container 1. , the magnitude of the earth pressure is the measured value of the water pressure in container 1 minus the initial value. This structure can accurately measure the pressure value before and after the soil action, and then directly obtain the accurate value of the soil pressure. The soil for this structure measurement can be saturated soil or unsaturated soil containing pore water, or soil without pore water.

实施例4Example 4

在实施例3的基础上,为了能够准确的测量土中的孔隙压力,如图5所示,所述膜片3-1远离液压传感器2的一侧设置有用于向膜片3-1传递孔隙压力的套环3-3,所述套环3-3与容器1固定连接;所述套环3-3远离容器1的一端设置有承压板3-4和第二滤网3-5,所述承压板3-4和第二滤网3-5均固定于所述套环3-3上,所述第二滤网3-5两侧分别为套环3-3和承压板3-4,由膜片3-1、套环3-3、第二滤网3-5之间形成的腔体内填充满沙;其中,如图6所示,所述承压板3-4上设置有用于若干个用于气体和/或液体通过的通孔3-41,所述承压板3-4具有一定的硬度,能够承受外界土的压力而不产生变形,优选的,所述承压板3-4为多孔金属板;如图5所示,所述第二滤网3-5只允许液体和气体通过,不允许固体通过,也就是说本发明中的第二滤网3-5只允许孔隙水和空气通过,不允许土料通过,除此之外,第二滤网3-5还能够将填充的沙料封闭在套环3-3内,防止沙料外溢。On the basis of Embodiment 3, in order to accurately measure the pore pressure in the soil, as shown in Figure 5, the side of the diaphragm 3-1 away from the hydraulic sensor 2 is provided with a hole for transmitting pores to the diaphragm 3-1. The pressure collar 3-3 is fixedly connected to the container 1; the end of the collar 3-3 away from the container 1 is provided with a pressure-bearing plate 3-4 and a second filter screen 3-5. The pressure-bearing plate 3-4 and the second filter screen 3-5 are both fixed on the collar 3-3. The two sides of the second filter screen 3-5 are respectively the collar 3-3 and the pressure-bearing plate. 3-4, the cavity formed between the diaphragm 3-1, the collar 3-3, and the second filter 3-5 is filled with sand; wherein, as shown in Figure 6, the pressure-bearing plate 3-4 There are several through holes 3-41 for the passage of gas and/or liquid. The pressure-bearing plate 3-4 has a certain hardness and can withstand the pressure of external soil without deformation. Preferably, the The pressure-bearing plate 3-4 is a porous metal plate; as shown in Figure 5, the second filter screen 3-5 only allows liquids and gases to pass through, and does not allow solids to pass through. That is to say, the second filter screen 3 in the present invention -5 only allows pore water and air to pass through, and does not allow soil material to pass through. In addition, the second filter screen 3-5 can also seal the filled sand material in the collar 3-3 to prevent the sand material from overflowing.

在此基础上,如图5所示,所述承压板3-4远离套环3-3的一侧还设置有铁网3-8,所述铁网3-8能够对大部分土体进行止挡,少量通过铁网3-8的土体被承压板3-4进行第二次止挡,这样能够避免大量土体在承压板3-4的通孔3-41处聚集后向套环3-3内的沙子挤压,能够进一步的提高测量精度。On this basis, as shown in Figure 5, the side of the pressure-bearing plate 3-4 away from the collar 3-3 is also provided with an iron mesh 3-8. The iron mesh 3-8 can protect most of the soil. A small amount of soil passing through the iron mesh 3-8 is blocked for the second time by the pressure-bearing plate 3-4. This can prevent a large amount of soil from gathering at the through hole 3-41 of the pressure-bearing plate 3-4. Squeezing the sand in the collar 3-3 can further improve the measurement accuracy.

这种装置放置于土体后,孔隙水依次穿过铁网3-8、承压板3-4上的通孔3-41和第二滤网3-5进入套环3-3内,而铁网3-8和承压板3-4对土料进行了先后两次止挡,使大部分土料都被铁网3-8和承压板3-4隔绝在套环3-3外,有极少量的土料可能进入承压板3-4的通孔3-41内,也会被第二滤网3-5隔绝在套环3-3外,从而只允许孔隙水进入套环3-3内。进入套环3-3内的孔隙水填充于沙料内,进而作用于膜片3-1上,使膜片3-1产生变形,从而将力传递到容器1内的液体中,由液压传感器2测定压力大小,此时测定的压力仅与土体中的孔隙压力有关。此外,沙料选用标准砂,粒径统一且在套环3-3内均匀分布,当孔隙水和/或空气进入套环3-3后沿沙料的缝隙进行均匀分散,从而使孔隙压力匀匀作用于膜片3-1上,避免某处压力过大导致膜片3-1过度变形失效,从而保护膜片3-1。After this device is placed on the soil, the pore water sequentially passes through the iron mesh 3-8, the through hole 3-41 on the pressure-bearing plate 3-4 and the second filter screen 3-5 and enters the collar 3-3, and The iron mesh 3-8 and the pressure-bearing plate 3-4 stop the earth material twice, so that most of the earth material is isolated from the collar 3-3 by the iron mesh 3-8 and the pressure-bearing plate 3-4. , a very small amount of soil may enter the through hole 3-41 of the pressure-bearing plate 3-4, and will also be isolated from the collar 3-3 by the second filter 3-5, thereby only allowing pore water to enter the collar Within 3-3. The pore water entering the collar 3-3 fills the sand, and then acts on the diaphragm 3-1, causing the diaphragm 3-1 to deform, thereby transmitting force to the liquid in the container 1, and is controlled by the hydraulic sensor. 2. Measure the pressure. The pressure measured at this time is only related to the pore pressure in the soil. In addition, the sand material is standard sand with uniform particle size and evenly distributed in the collar 3-3. When the pore water and/or air enter the collar 3-3, they are evenly dispersed along the gaps of the sand material, so that the pore pressure is even. Act evenly on the diaphragm 3-1 to prevent excessive pressure somewhere from causing excessive deformation and failure of the diaphragm 3-1, thereby protecting the diaphragm 3-1.

优选的,本实施例中的膜片3-1能够隔绝容器1内的液体,且具有一定柔性,能够对微小的压力产生变形,可以采用乙烯、乳胶等材料。这种膜片对于压力的敏感度比较高,能够提高压力测量的精度。Preferably, the diaphragm 3-1 in this embodiment can isolate the liquid in the container 1, has a certain degree of flexibility, and can deform under slight pressure, and can be made of materials such as vinyl and latex. This kind of diaphragm is relatively sensitive to pressure and can improve the accuracy of pressure measurement.

与实施例2中的装置相比,这种结构能够明确测定的压力为孔隙压力,这种孔隙压力包括孔隙水压力和孔隙气压力,而且测量精度更高,效果更好。Compared with the device in Example 2, this structure can clearly measure the pressure as pore pressure, which includes pore water pressure and pore air pressure, and the measurement accuracy is higher and the effect is better.

实施例5Example 5

在实施例1的基础上,为了能够准确的测量土体中土的压力,如图7和图8所示,所述感应装置3为推进器3-6,所述推进器3-6包括壳体3-61和设置于壳体3-61内的活塞3-62,所述壳体3-61与容器1固定连接,所述活塞3-62插入壳体3-61内,所述活塞3-62远离液压传感器2的一端承受待测土体的压力,承受压力后的活塞3-62在壳体3-61内滑动,所述活塞3-62将容器1内的液体封闭在一个密闭空间。优选的,所述活塞3-62的外径和壳体3-61的内径相等。On the basis of Embodiment 1, in order to accurately measure the pressure of the soil in the soil, as shown in Figures 7 and 8, the sensing device 3 is a propeller 3-6, and the propeller 3-6 includes a shell. body 3-61 and a piston 3-62 arranged in the housing 3-61. The housing 3-61 is fixedly connected to the container 1. The piston 3-62 is inserted into the housing 3-61. The piston 3 The end of -62 away from the hydraulic sensor 2 bears the pressure of the soil to be measured. After bearing the pressure, the piston 3-62 slides in the housing 3-61. The piston 3-62 seals the liquid in the container 1 in a closed space. . Preferably, the outer diameter of the piston 3-62 is equal to the inner diameter of the housing 3-61.

当土的压力作用于活塞3-62后,所述活塞3-62远离液压传感器2的一端承受待测土的压力,承受压力后的活塞3-62在壳体3-61内滑动,活塞3-62向液压传感器2方向靠近,作用于容器1内的液体上,由液体传感器2测得液体压力,进而得到土压力。这种结构的待测土体可以是含有孔隙水的饱和土体或非饱和土体,也可以是不含有孔隙水的土体。When the pressure of the soil acts on the piston 3-62, the end of the piston 3-62 away from the hydraulic sensor 2 bears the pressure of the soil to be measured. After bearing the pressure, the piston 3-62 slides in the housing 3-61, and the piston 3 -62 approaches the direction of the hydraulic sensor 2 and acts on the liquid in the container 1. The liquid pressure is measured by the liquid sensor 2, and then the earth pressure is obtained. The soil to be tested in this structure can be saturated soil or unsaturated soil containing pore water, or soil without pore water.

在此基础上,如图9所示,为了减少容器1内的液体损失,所述推进器3-6和容器1之间设置有膜片3-1,所述膜片3-1和液压传感器2将容器1内填充的液体密封于容器1内,优选的,所述膜片3-1具有一定柔性,能够对微小的压力产生变形,可以采用乙烯、乳胶等材料。这种膜片3-1能够封闭容器1内的液体,防止装置长时间使用后容器1内的液体蒸发损失,从而延长设备使用寿命,确保装置使用精度。On this basis, as shown in Figure 9, in order to reduce the liquid loss in the container 1, a diaphragm 3-1 is provided between the propeller 3-6 and the container 1, the diaphragm 3-1 and the hydraulic sensor 2. Seal the liquid filled in the container 1 into the container 1. Preferably, the diaphragm 3-1 has a certain degree of flexibility and can deform under slight pressure, and can be made of materials such as ethylene, latex, etc. This diaphragm 3-1 can seal the liquid in the container 1 and prevent the evaporation loss of the liquid in the container 1 after the device is used for a long time, thereby extending the service life of the equipment and ensuring the accuracy of the device.

优选的,所述壳体3-61和活塞3-62可以采用工业缸体,具体型号可以为:SDA12X10。Preferably, the housing 3-61 and the piston 3-62 can be industrial cylinders, and the specific model can be: SDA12X10.

在此基础上,如图7所示,所述活塞3-62远离液压传感器2的一端设置有保护膜3-7,所述保护膜3-7可以包裹固定于壳体3-61的外壁上,也可以包裹固定于容器1的外壁上,所述保护膜3-7能够防止土体进入壳体3-61与活塞3-62之间的空隙,避免堵塞活塞3-62。On this basis, as shown in Figure 7, the end of the piston 3-62 away from the hydraulic sensor 2 is provided with a protective film 3-7. The protective film 3-7 can be wrapped and fixed on the outer wall of the housing 3-61 , or can be wrapped and fixed on the outer wall of the container 1. The protective film 3-7 can prevent soil from entering the gap between the housing 3-61 and the piston 3-62, and avoid blocking the piston 3-62.

本实施例的装置与实施例3相比,活塞3-62对于土压力的变化更为敏感,使测得的土压力具有实时性及动态特征,从而使设备具有更高的精度和灵敏度。Compared with the device of Embodiment 3, the piston 3-62 of the device of this embodiment is more sensitive to changes in earth pressure, so that the measured earth pressure has real-time and dynamic characteristics, so that the device has higher accuracy and sensitivity.

实施例6Example 6

一种土的压力测定方法,使用实施例1-实施例5中任一项所述的用于土的压力测定装置,具体方法为:A soil pressure measurement method, using the pressure measurement device for soil described in any one of Example 1 to Example 5, the specific method is:

S1.将用于土的压力测定装置按照安装角度静置于空气中,不施加载荷,信号采集传输系统5采集液压传感器2检测到的压力信号为初始压力值;S1. Place the pressure measuring device for soil in the air according to the installation angle without applying any load. The signal acquisition and transmission system 5 collects the pressure signal detected by the hydraulic sensor 2 as the initial pressure value;

这里安装角度指的是该装置在埋入测量待测土体后,安装时设置的角度。The installation angle here refers to the angle set during installation after the device is buried in the soil to be measured.

S2.将该压力测定装置按照S1中的角度放置于待测土体中;S2. Place the pressure measuring device in the soil to be measured according to the angle in S1;

其中该装置的容器1、液压传感器2、感应装置3和保护壳4埋置于待测土体内;The container 1, hydraulic sensor 2, sensing device 3 and protective shell 4 of the device are embedded in the soil to be measured;

S3.感应装置3感受到待测土体的压力并将压力通过空腔1-1内填充的液体传向液压传感器2;S3. The sensing device 3 senses the pressure of the soil to be measured and transmits the pressure to the hydraulic sensor 2 through the liquid filled in the cavity 1-1;

S4.信号采集传输系统5采集液压传感器2检测到的压力信号为实测压力值,从而得到土的压力值为实测压力值与初始压力值的差值。S4. The signal acquisition and transmission system 5 collects the pressure signal detected by the hydraulic sensor 2 as the actual measured pressure value, and thereby obtains the pressure value of the soil as the difference between the actual measured pressure value and the initial pressure value.

这种压力测定方法在检测过程中,直接得到力的大小,不需要经过变形量推算力,不受土体变形影响,测定的压力精度高。This pressure measurement method directly obtains the magnitude of the force during the detection process. It does not need to calculate the force through deformation. It is not affected by the deformation of the soil, and the measured pressure has high accuracy.

以上所述,仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已,并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制,虽然本发明已以较佳实施例揭示如上,然而并非用以限定本发明,任何本领域技术人员,在不脱离本发明技术方案范围内,当可利用上述揭示的技术内容做出些许更动或修饰为等同变化的等效实施例,但凡是未脱离本发明技术方案内容,依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简介修改、等同变化与修饰,均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围内。The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed above in preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone skilled in the art , without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, the technical contents disclosed above can be used to make some changes or modifications to equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes. However, without departing from the technical solution of the present invention, according to the technical solution of the present invention, In essence, any brief modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. The pressure measuring device for the soil is characterized by comprising a container (1), a hydraulic sensor (2), an induction device (3), a protective shell (4) and a signal acquisition and transmission system (5) for acquiring pressure signals of the hydraulic sensor (2);
the two ends of the container (1) are opened, a cavity (1-1) is formed in the container, the hydraulic sensor (2) and the sensing device (3) are respectively arranged at the two open ends of the cavity (1-1) of the container (1), and the middle of the container is filled with liquid; the end of the hydraulic sensor (2) is an inner measuring end (1-2), and the end of the sensing device (3) is an outer sensing end (1-3); the hydraulic sensor (2) is used for measuring the liquid pressure in the container (1), and the sensing device (3) is used for sensing the external pressure and transmitting the pressure to the hydraulic sensor (2) through the liquid filled in the cavity (1-1);
the protection shell (4) is used for sealing the hydraulic sensor (2) in a closed space, the inner measuring end (1-2) and the hydraulic sensor (2) are arranged in the protection shell (4), and the outer sensing end (1-3) extends out of the protection shell (4);
the induction device (3) is a diaphragm (3-1), and the diaphragm (3-1) is fixedly connected with the container (1) at the outer induction end (1-3); the diaphragm (3-1), the hydraulic sensor (2) and the container (1) are matched to seal the liquid filled in the container (1) in the cavity (1-1) of the container (1);
one side of the diaphragm (3-1) far away from the hydraulic sensor (2) is provided with a lantern ring (3-3) for transmitting pore pressure to the diaphragm (3-1), the lantern ring (3-3) is fixedly connected with the container (1), and the lantern ring (3-3) is filled with sand; the one end that container (1) was kept away from to lantern ring (3-3) is provided with bearing plate (3-4) and only allows second filter screen (3-5) of liquid and gaseous through, bearing plate (3-4) can bear the pressure of soil and do not warp, second filter screen (3-5) both sides are lantern ring (3-3) and bearing plate (3-4) respectively, bearing plate (3-4) and second filter screen (3-5) are all fixed connection on lantern ring (3-3).
2. The pressure measurement device for the earth according to claim 1, characterized in that the container (1) is a straight or curved tube.
3. The pressure measurement device for the earth according to claim 1, characterized in that the container (1) is an isopipe or reducer pipe; when the container (1) is a reducer pipe, the inner diameter of the reducer pipe is continuously changed, and the end surface area of the outer sensing end (1-3) is larger than the end surface area of the inner sensing end (1-2).
4. The soil pressure measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the sensing device (3) is a first filter screen (3-2), the first filter screen (3-2) being fixedly connected to the container (1) at the outer sensing end (1-3).
5. The pressure measuring device for the earth according to claim 1, characterized in that the side of the bearing plate (3-4) remote from the membrane (3-1) is further provided with an iron net (3-8) for blocking the passage of earth material.
6. A method for measuring the pressure of soil, characterized in that the device for measuring the pressure of soil according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is used, comprising the following steps:
s1, standing the pressure measuring device in air according to an installation angle, and acquiring a pressure signal detected by a hydraulic sensor (2) by a signal acquisition and transmission system (5) without applying a load, wherein the pressure signal is an initial pressure value;
s2, placing the pressure measuring device in a soil body to be measured according to the angle in the S1;
s3, sensing the pressure of the soil to be detected by the sensing device (3) and transmitting the pressure to the hydraulic sensor (2) through the liquid filled in the cavity (1-1);
s4, a signal acquisition and transmission system (5) acquires a pressure signal detected by the hydraulic sensor (2), namely an actual measurement pressure value, so that the pressure value of the soil is the difference value between the actual measurement pressure value and the initial pressure value.
CN202210691330.4A 2022-06-17 2022-06-17 Pressure measuring device and method for soil Active CN115096487B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210691330.4A CN115096487B (en) 2022-06-17 2022-06-17 Pressure measuring device and method for soil

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210691330.4A CN115096487B (en) 2022-06-17 2022-06-17 Pressure measuring device and method for soil

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN115096487A CN115096487A (en) 2022-09-23
CN115096487B true CN115096487B (en) 2024-02-20

Family

ID=83291188

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202210691330.4A Active CN115096487B (en) 2022-06-17 2022-06-17 Pressure measuring device and method for soil

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN115096487B (en)

Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1908891A1 (en) * 1968-02-23 1969-09-18 Stichting Waterbouwkundig Lab Pore water pressure meter
JPS539006A (en) * 1976-07-13 1978-01-27 Toyoda Machine Works Ltd Instruemnt for simultaneously measuring three factors* entire lateral earth pressure* effective pressure and pore water pressure at the same point
US4453401A (en) * 1982-03-12 1984-06-12 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Pressure sensor and soil stress isolation filter arrangement in a pore pressure probe
JPH10281905A (en) * 1997-04-03 1998-10-23 Oyo Corp Vibrating ground pore water pressure measuring device
JP2003149066A (en) * 2001-11-12 2003-05-21 Kajima Corp Penetration sensor for penetration test
CN104020096A (en) * 2014-06-20 2014-09-03 青岛理工大学 Device and method for detecting pore pressure by U-shaped pipe hydraulic differential rope method
CN107238461A (en) * 2017-07-17 2017-10-10 中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所 A kind of miniature positive/negative-pressure measurement pore water pressure sensor
CN108120645A (en) * 2017-12-22 2018-06-05 上海岩土工程勘察设计研究院有限公司 A kind of soil pressure in-situ testing device and its test method
CN108955979A (en) * 2018-07-09 2018-12-07 刘明亮 Device, Monitoring on Earth Pressure system and method for soil pressure detection
CN109596258A (en) * 2018-11-21 2019-04-09 河海大学 A kind of reversible formula earth pressure gauge
CN111877299A (en) * 2020-08-06 2020-11-03 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 A high-precision pore water pressure gauge based on a closed membrane
CN213209332U (en) * 2020-09-16 2021-05-14 成都地铁运营有限公司 Pore water pressure gauge and tunnel ballast bed water pressure monitoring device
CN113029417A (en) * 2021-03-09 2021-06-25 三峡大学 Small three-dimensional soil pressure cell suitable for soil deformation field test and model test

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4929435B2 (en) * 2001-07-31 2012-05-09 学校法人日本大学 Pressure transducer
CA2850866A1 (en) * 2013-04-29 2014-10-29 Mohammadali Kia Method and system for measuring pore-fluid pressure
CN105004395B (en) * 2015-06-08 2019-03-12 深圳麦开网络技术有限公司 Liquid volume measuring device, container and method in a kind of container based on pressure sensitive

Patent Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1908891A1 (en) * 1968-02-23 1969-09-18 Stichting Waterbouwkundig Lab Pore water pressure meter
JPS539006A (en) * 1976-07-13 1978-01-27 Toyoda Machine Works Ltd Instruemnt for simultaneously measuring three factors* entire lateral earth pressure* effective pressure and pore water pressure at the same point
US4453401A (en) * 1982-03-12 1984-06-12 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Pressure sensor and soil stress isolation filter arrangement in a pore pressure probe
JPH10281905A (en) * 1997-04-03 1998-10-23 Oyo Corp Vibrating ground pore water pressure measuring device
JP2003149066A (en) * 2001-11-12 2003-05-21 Kajima Corp Penetration sensor for penetration test
CN104020096A (en) * 2014-06-20 2014-09-03 青岛理工大学 Device and method for detecting pore pressure by U-shaped pipe hydraulic differential rope method
CN107238461A (en) * 2017-07-17 2017-10-10 中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所 A kind of miniature positive/negative-pressure measurement pore water pressure sensor
CN108120645A (en) * 2017-12-22 2018-06-05 上海岩土工程勘察设计研究院有限公司 A kind of soil pressure in-situ testing device and its test method
CN108955979A (en) * 2018-07-09 2018-12-07 刘明亮 Device, Monitoring on Earth Pressure system and method for soil pressure detection
CN109596258A (en) * 2018-11-21 2019-04-09 河海大学 A kind of reversible formula earth pressure gauge
CN111877299A (en) * 2020-08-06 2020-11-03 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 A high-precision pore water pressure gauge based on a closed membrane
CN213209332U (en) * 2020-09-16 2021-05-14 成都地铁运营有限公司 Pore water pressure gauge and tunnel ballast bed water pressure monitoring device
CN113029417A (en) * 2021-03-09 2021-06-25 三峡大学 Small three-dimensional soil pressure cell suitable for soil deformation field test and model test

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
真空联合堆载预压分析及土孔隙压力监测设备开发;于歆晨;《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库》;20190515;全文 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN115096487A (en) 2022-09-23

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN103868569A (en) Device and setting method for measuring underground water level of vacuum drainage prepressing sealing membrane
CN102121860A (en) Corrugated diaphragm type pipe external pressure sensor, oil-water well casing external pressure monitoring device and method
CN104976988B (en) Tunnel large-elevation-difference sedimentation measurement system
WO2009100084A1 (en) Methods and apparatus for detecting strain in structures
CN210532092U (en) Stress-strain nondestructive monitoring device for long-distance oil and gas pipeline
KR20230040195A (en) Forecasting system of preventing accidents by damage diagnosis of city gas supply facilities and forecasting method by the same
CN209069523U (en) A kind of pressure conduit soil's rigidity chamber
CN115130314A (en) A method for evaluating residual fatigue life of in-service non-bonded flexible risers
US2645128A (en) Apparatus for measuring water pressures in earth embankments
CN100392362C (en) A liquid level transmitter for a sealed oil tank
CN115096487B (en) Pressure measuring device and method for soil
CN103900756B (en) Fiber bragg grating pressure sensor and the method for testing of positive/negative-pressure monitoring can be realized
CN206683965U (en) A kind of non-adherent flexible pipe crush resistance measurement apparatus
CN113324114A (en) Pipe joint assembly for fluid multi-parameter measurement
CN109949951A (en) A double-shell type nuclear power plant shell concrete leakage rate measuring device
CN109282790B (en) Parallel deep multi-point static leveling system and method for pile foundation
CN205530202U (en) Weight moves, rams effort and rams real -time synchronization monitor of volume of sinking under water
CN211740996U (en) A salt-penetrating salt-washing test device for saline soil
CN109084728B (en) Multi-dimensional monitoring device and measuring method thereof
JP7105402B2 (en) Paddy water level measurement method
CN215335189U (en) Pipeline detection device drifting along with fluid
CN110411391B (en) Pipeline axial displacement detection device and method
CN112697059B (en) Optical fiber ground deformation sensor for underwater soft medium
CN105223084B (en) A kind of compressible foam material performance test evaluating apparatus
CN210774017U (en) A differential pressure static leveling device based on fiber grating

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant