CN115095898B - Heat supply system economic operation analysis method based on exhaust steam condenser - Google Patents
Heat supply system economic operation analysis method based on exhaust steam condenser Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
- F24D11/002—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses water heating system
- F24D11/005—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses water heating system with recuperation of waste heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D19/00—Details
- F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
- F24D19/1009—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating
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Abstract
The invention provides a heating system economic operation analysis method based on a dead steam condenser, which comprises the following steps ofIn season, the flow Q of the heat supply circulating water passing through the exhaust steam condenser is adjusted 2 Wen Sheng t after the heat supply circulating water passes through the exhaust steam condenser, so that the coal saving quantity Q is maximum; the calculation formula of the coal saving quantity is Q=k×Q 1 ‑E*(P‑P s )*y*10 ‑3 . The invention can save energy to the maximum extent and realize benefit maximization on the premise of meeting the heat demand of users.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of economic operation analysis of a heating system of a coal-fired power plant, in particular to a method for analyzing the economic operation of the heating system based on a dead steam condenser.
Background
The heat supply network flow is that the heat source of the power plant is transmitted to the primary network after heat exchange through the heat supply long-distance network and the primary network is further subjected to heat exchange to the secondary network through the district heat exchange station, and finally enters the user. The flow chart is shown in fig. 1. And the pressure isolation station personnel set requirements for the temperature and flow parameters of the power plant according to the actual water supply and return temperature and operation experience in the district. The empirical adjustment method can not save energy to the maximum extent and can maximize the benefit of the power plant.
In a condensing steam turbine, steam is discharged into a condenser after the turbine performs work, and the steam reaching the condenser is called as exhaust steam. The main functions of the condenser are as follows:
1) The high vacuum is formed at the steam outlet of the steam turbine, so that the steam is expanded to the lowest pressure in the steam turbine, the usable enthalpy drop of the steam in the steam turbine is increased, and the circulating heat efficiency of the steam turbine is improved.
2) Condensing the exhaust steam of the steam turbine into water, and sending the water back to the boiler for circulation.
3) Various hydrophobes were pooled to reduce soda losses.
The back pressure heat supply unit has no cold source loss, the thermodynamic cycle efficiency can reach 80 percent, which is far higher than the heat efficiency of the pure condensing unit by about 40 percent, so the back pressure heat supply unit has an inherent advantage in the aspect of power generation and heat supply cost, but the characteristics of the back pressure heat supply unit also determine that the power generation load of the unit is limited by the heat supply load. The power generation load and the heat load of the extraction condensing unit can be flexibly switched, but due to the cold source loss, when the heat supply quantity is lower, the power generation coal consumption is higher, and taking a 300MW extraction condensing unit of a certain thermal power plant as an example, the total power heat supply working condition is 90 g/kW.h higher than the power supply coal consumption of the pure condensing working condition. In the current market environment with high coal price, the power generation cost under the pure condensation working condition is high. Therefore, when the load demand of the heat supply network is lower than the rated heat supply capacity of the thermal power plant, how to distribute the heat and electric loads of the back press and the extraction condenser has a great influence on the economy and profit of the whole plant.
In the prior art, hong Qing published in 2021 phase 5 of electric power system's electric power system equipment' on "economic analysis of heat supply distribution of back press and extraction condenser of thermal power plant", wherein, a 2X 300MW coal-fired extraction condenser heat supply unit is available for a thermoelectric enterprise in a large industrial accumulation area of Zhejiang, the rated heat supply amount is 2X 410t/h, and the rated heat supply amount is 4X 325t/h. When the load of the heat supply network is lower than the maximum heat supply capacity of the thermal power plant, the heat and electric load distribution modes of the extraction condensing unit and the back pressure unit of the thermal power plant can directly influence the coal consumption of the unit and the total profit of the whole plant. Aiming at the problem, a set of real-time calculation system for coal consumption and profit is established, and a thermoelectric load distribution scheme with guiding significance is obtained through theoretical analysis and unit adjustment tests.
The Chinese patent of application number 202110028723.2 discloses a method and a system for measuring, calculating and controlling economic operation of a power plant, and realizing accurate calculation of power generation cost of the power plant and generation of quotation strategies, wherein the method comprises a step of measuring and calculating cost electricity price and a step of selecting operation modes; when the maximum value of the benefit is negative and the sum of the maximum value and the starting cost is smaller than zero, the peak regulation mode is entered, otherwise, the continuous mode is entered. The system comprises an input interface for acquiring unit cost, unit income and power generation capacity of each unit, a pricing operation logic, a benefit calculation unit, a processing comparison unit and a mode selection unit for selecting a unit operation mode according to an output result of the processing comparison unit.
In summary, the problem of lack of simple and efficient analysis of economic operation of the heating system exists in the prior art, so that on the premise of meeting the heat demand of users, how to save energy to the greatest extent and realize benefit maximization is a direction needing urgent research.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides an economic operation analysis method of a heating system based on a steam exhaust condenser, which can save energy to the greatest extent and realize benefit maximization on the premise of meeting the heat demand of users.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: in the heating season, the flow Q of the heating circulating water passing through the exhaust steam condenser is adjusted 2 Wen Sheng t after the heat supply circulating water passes through the exhaust steam condenser, so that the coal saving quantity Q is maximum; the calculation formula of the coal saving quantity is Q=k×Q 1 -E*(P-P s )*y*10 -3 。
Further, in the coal saving amount calculation formula, Q is the coal saving amount, and the unit is t/h; k is the unit exhaust steam utilization amount, the coal amount is saved, and the unit is t/h; e is unit load, unit MW; p is the back pressure of the unit, and is unit kPa; p (P) s The unit kPa is the unit reference back pressure when the exhaust steam condenser is not put into; y is the variation quantity of the coal consumption of the power generation affected by the variation of the back pressure of 1Kpa, and the unit g/(kw.h); q (Q) 1 The unit of the waste steam utilization amount is t/h.
Further, exhaust steam Li Yongliang Q 1 The calculation formula of (2) is
Further, exhaust steam Li Yongliang Q 1 In the calculation formula of (1), delta t is the temperature rise of heat supply circulating water after passing through a dead steam condenser, and the temperature is in unit ℃; q (Q) 2 The unit is t/h for the flow of the heat supply circulating water passing through the exhaust steam condenser; ΔJ is the heat released by condensing the unit exhaust steam amount into water under the same back pressure, and the unit kJ/kg; c is the specific volume of water.
Further, the calculation formula of y is y=ax 2 +bx+c, x is the electrical load, unit MW; a. b and c are coefficients.
Further, a calculation formula of y is obtained through polynomial fitting.
Further, the heating system based on the exhaust steam condenser comprises a heat supply network head station and a pressure isolation station connected with the heat supply network head station, a water supply pipe and a water return pipe are arranged between the heat supply network head station and the pressure isolation station, the exhaust steam condenser is arranged on the water return pipe, and the exhaust steam condenser is further connected with a steam turbine steam exhaust device and a low-pressure cylinder.
Further, the low-pressure cylinder is connected with the exhaust steam condenser through a first exhaust steam pipeline, and the exhaust steam condenser is connected with the steam turbine exhaust steam device through an exhaust steam condenser drain pipeline; a second steam exhaust pipeline is connected between the low-pressure cylinder and the power plant air cooling device; an air cooling island drainage pipeline is connected between the power plant air cooling device and the steam turbine steam exhaust device.
Further, the water supply pipe and the water return pipe are long-distance transmission nets.
Further, the heat supply network head station is also connected with a steam extraction turbine.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
in the heating season, the energy saving can be achieved by adjusting the flow and the temperature of the heating circulating water to maximize the coal saving amount, and the purpose of maximizing the benefit is achieved as much as possible.
The invention uses the unit characteristics as theoretical support, combines actual operation data, establishes the coal saving quantity index, and is used for measuring the utilization rate of the exhaust steam condenser.
By analyzing and comparing the big data of past year operation, under the condition of the same heat demand, t when the Q is the maximum value is found Into (I) And the flow is used for guiding the adjustment of heating economy.
The invention can save energy to the maximum extent and realize benefit maximization on the premise of meeting the heat demand of users.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art heat exchange system connection;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the exhaust steam condenser-based heating system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the exhaust steam condenser, the heat supply network head station and the pressure isolation station of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the exhaust steam condenser, the low pressure cylinder and the power plant air cooling device.
In the drawing, a heat supply network head station 1, a water supply pipe 2, a pressure isolation station 3, a waste steam condenser 4, a low-pressure cylinder 5, an air cooling device of a power plant 6, a water return pipe 7, a first steam exhaust pipeline 8, a waste steam condenser drainage pipeline 9, a steam extraction turbine 10, a second steam exhaust pipeline 11, an air cooling island drainage pipeline 12 and a steam extraction device of a steam turbine 13.
Detailed Description
In order to further describe the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention for achieving the intended purpose, the following detailed description will refer to the specific implementation, structure, characteristics and effects according to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the application, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments herein without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present application.
It should be noted first that the discussion of any embodiment of the present invention is exemplary only, and is not intended to imply that the scope of the disclosure (including the claims) is limited to such examples; there are many other variations of the different aspects of the invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity. Accordingly, other embodiments are within the scope of the following claims.
In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to define the components, and are merely for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and unless otherwise stated, the terms have no special meaning, and thus should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present application.
In addition, the drawings described below are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort for those skilled in the art. Furthermore, the present invention should not be limited to the embodiments, but any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As will be appreciated with reference to fig. 2-4, the present embodiment provides a method for analyzing economic operation of a heating system based on a steam exhaust condenser.
When the power plant has two heat supply modes of steam turbine steam extraction heat supply and air cooling unit high back pressure heat supply, the high back pressure heat supply is utilized to the maximum extent, and when the high back pressure heat supply can not meet the temperature requirement, steam turbine steam extraction heat is put into, so that the optimal flow and temperature value are found on the premise of the same heat requirement, and the utilization rate of the exhaust steam condenser is the highest.
In order to maximize the utilization rate of the exhaust steam condenser, a coal saving quantity index is established, and only the coal saving quantity is maximized.
In the heating season, the flow Q of the heating circulating water passing through the exhaust steam condenser is adjusted 2 Wen Sheng t after the heat supply circulating water passes through the exhaust steam condenser, so that the coal saving quantity Q is maximum; the calculation formula of the coal saving quantity is Q=k×Q 1 -E*(P-P s )*y Q＝k*Q 1 -E*(P-P s )*y*10 -3 。
In the coal saving amount calculation formula, Q is the coal saving amount, and the unit is t/h; k is the unit exhaust steam utilization amount, the coal amount is saved, and the unitBits t/h; e is unit load, unit MW; p is the back pressure of the unit, and is unit kPa; p (P) s The unit kPa is the unit datum back pressure when the exhaust steam condenser is not put into, and can be set according to actual conditions; y is the variation quantity of the coal consumption of the power generation affected by the variation of the back pressure of 1Kpa, and the unit g/(kw.h); q (Q) 1 The unit of the waste steam utilization amount is t/h.
Exhaust steam Li Yongliang Q 1 The calculation formula of (2) is
Exhaust steam Li Yongliang Q 1 In the calculation formula of (1), delta t is the temperature rise of heat supply circulating water after passing through a dead steam condenser, and the temperature is in unit ℃; q (Q) 2 The unit is t/h for the flow of the heat supply circulating water passing through the exhaust steam condenser; ΔJ is the heat released by condensing the unit exhaust steam amount into water under the same back pressure, and the unit kJ/kg; c is the specific volume of water.
The back pressure change of 1Kpa affects the power generation coal consumption calculation formula: y=ax 2 +bx+c, which can be obtained by polynomial fitting of big data, where x is the electrical load, unit MW; a. b and c are coefficients.
And obtaining a calculation formula of y through polynomial fitting.
In the heating season, the energy can be saved by adjusting the flow and the temperature of the heating circulating water to maximize the coal saving amount, and the purpose of maximizing the benefit is achieved.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 2, the exhaust steam condenser-based heating system in the exhaust steam condenser-based heating system economic operation analysis method of the invention comprises a heating network head station 1, a pressure isolation station 3 connected with the heating network head station 1, a water supply pipe 2 and a water return pipe 7 are arranged between the heating network head station 1 and the pressure isolation station 3, and heating circulating water in the heating network head station 1 is input into the pressure isolation station 3 through the water supply pipe 2, and the heating circulating water after use flows into the heating network head station 1 from the pressure isolation station 3 through the water return pipe 7.
The exhaust steam condenser 4 is arranged on the water return pipe 7, and the exhaust steam condenser 4 is also connected with a steam turbine steam exhaust device 13 and a low-pressure cylinder 5.
The low-pressure cylinder 5 is connected with the exhaust steam condenser 4 through a first exhaust steam pipeline 8, and the exhaust steam condenser 4 is connected with a steam turbine exhaust device 13 through an exhaust steam condenser drain pipeline 9; a second steam exhaust pipeline 11 is connected between the low-pressure cylinder 5 and the power plant air cooling device 6; an air cooling island drainage pipeline 12 is connected between the power plant air cooling device 6 and a steam turbine steam exhaust device 13.
Exhaust steam of the low-pressure cylinder 5 enters the exhaust steam condenser 4 through a first exhaust steam pipeline 8, and exhaust steam from the exhaust steam condenser 4 enters a steam turbine exhaust steam device 13 through an exhaust steam condenser drainage pipeline 9.
The condensate water of the low-pressure cylinder 5 enters the power plant air cooling device 6 through the second steam exhaust pipeline 11, and the condensate water of the power plant air cooling device 6 enters the steam turbine steam exhaust device 13.
The water supply pipe 2 and the water return pipe 7 are long-distance transmission nets.
The heat supply network head station 1 is also connected with a steam extraction turbine 10.
The exhaust steam condenser is connected to the exhaust steam pipeline of the low pressure cylinder and is connected in parallel with an air cooling device (an air cooling device 6 of a power plant), the back pressure of the unit can be adjusted by adjusting the frequency of a fan of the air cooling device, and the temperature of the heat supply circulating water at the outlet of the corresponding exhaust steam condenser is changed accordingly. However, the back pressure of the unit cannot rise limitlessly, the temperature of the last-stage blade of the low-pressure cylinder cannot be exceeded, the back pressure of the unit is too low, the inlet and outlet temperature rise of the exhaust steam condenser is small, and the exhaust steam condenser cannot be fully utilized.
Example 3
The method of the present invention will be specifically described below.
By screening the past year data, the best operation data is obtained by using the method of the invention, and is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
The highest coal saving amount at different instantaneous heat supply amounts is given in table 1 with respect to temperature (c) and flow rate.
Such as instantaneous heat supply of 35-39×10 4 The highest coal saving amount under GJ/h has corresponding temperature of 70-72 deg.c and flow rate of 1.05-1.1X10 4 t/h。
The specific analytical process is as follows:
with instantaneous heat supply (35-39). Times.10 4 GJ/h is an example to illustrate the analytical procedure of the present invention.
The instantaneous heat supply amount is set according to the ambient temperature.
The experimental example sets the instantaneous heat supply quantity to be (35-39) multiplied by 10 4 GJ/h。
Firstly, calculating the utilization quantity Q of dead steam 1 ，
Delta t is the temperature rise of the heat supply circulating water after passing through the exhaust steam condenser, and the unit is the temperature; q (Q) 2 The unit is t/h for the flow of the heat supply circulating water passing through the exhaust steam condenser; ΔJ is the heat released by condensing the unit exhaust steam amount into water under the same back pressure, and the unit kJ/kg; c is the specific volume of water.
In the experimental example, constants C and DeltaJ are substituted, the specific volume C of water is a constant of 4.18, and DeltaJ can be obtained by checking a steam temperature enthalpy value table under different pressures and a water enthalpy value table corresponding to the temperature. For example, at 30KPa, the vapor enthalpy is 2625KJ/Kg, the temperature is 69 ℃, the enthalpy of water is 289KJ/Kg at 69 ℃, then Δj=2625-289=2336 KJ/Kg.
The calculation formula of y is y=ax 2 +bx+c, x is the electrical load, unit MW; a. b and c are coefficients. And obtaining a calculation formula of y through polynomial fitting. Polynomial fitting processes are well known. For example, the fitted formula is y= 0.00001120x 2 0.013655x+5.16381586, then when the unit load is 400MW and the unit back pressure is changed from 30KPa to 31KPa, the coal consumption change amount is 1.4954 after the unit back pressure is brought into a formula, namely the coal consumption is increased by 1.4954 g/(Kw.h).
The calculation formula of the coal-saving amount comprises the following steps: q=k×q 1 -E*(P-P s )*y*10 -3 Wherein Q is the coal saving amount, and the unit is t/h; k is the unit exhaust steamThe utilization amount saves the coal amount, and the unit is t/h; e is unit load, unit MW; p is the back pressure of the unit, and is unit kPa; p (P) s The unit kPa can be set according to actual conditions for the unit reference back pressure when the exhaust steam condenser is not put into.
For example, when P s With 10kpa, y still using the formula in the above example, the load is 400MW, the maximum back pressure is 35kpa, k is 0.052, then the formula is introduced
When the back pressure of the unit is 35Kpa, the outlet temperature of the corresponding exhaust steam condenser is 72 ℃, and the formula becomes: q= 0.0000928888 (72-t Into (I) )*Q 2 -14.954。
Wherein t is Into (I) Is the inlet temperature of the exhaust steam condenser.
Δt is the temperature rise of the heat supply circulating water after passing through the exhaust steam condenser, and is in unit of DEG C, and Δt=the outlet temperature of the exhaust steam condenser-the inlet temperature t of the exhaust steam condenser Into (I) 。
Through analysis and comparison of big data of past year operation, under the condition of the same heat demand, the inlet temperature t of the exhaust steam condenser when the Q is the maximum value is found Into (I) And the flow Q2 is used for further finding the outlet temperature of the heat supply first station corresponding to the inlet temperature of the exhaust steam condenser, and the operation adjustment guide card is manufactured by combining the heat supply flow and used for subsequent heat supply economical adjustment.
In the heating season, the energy saving can be achieved by adjusting the flow and the temperature of the heating circulating water to maximize the coal saving amount, and the purpose of maximizing the benefit is achieved as much as possible. As the thermodynamic cycle efficiency of the back pressure heat supply unit is far higher than that of the Yu Chunning unit, the utilization rate of the exhaust steam condenser should be improved as much as possible in order to maximize the coal saving amount. The invention uses the unit characteristics as theoretical support, combines actual operation data, establishes the coal saving quantity index, and is used for measuring the utilization rate of the exhaust steam condenser. Through analyzing and comparing the big data of the past year operation, under the condition of the same heat demand, the t input flow when the Q is the maximum value is found, and the operation adjustment guide card is manufactured and used for guiding the heating economy adjustment.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the invention, and all changes and modifications that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the structures, features and principles of the invention are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (8)
1. A heating system economic operation analysis method based on a dead steam condenser is characterized in that in a heating season, the flow Q of heating circulating water passing through the dead steam condenser is adjusted 2 Wen Sheng t after the heat supply circulating water passes through the exhaust steam condenser, so that the coal saving quantity Q is maximum; the calculation formula of the coal saving quantity is Q=k×Q 1 -E*(P-P s )*y*10 -3 ；
In the coal saving amount calculation formula, Q is the coal saving amount, and the unit is t/h; k is the unit exhaust steam utilization amount, the coal amount is saved, and the unit is t/h; e is unit load, unit MW; p is the back pressure of the unit, and is unit kPa; p (P) s The unit kPa is the unit reference back pressure when the exhaust steam condenser is not put into; y is the variation quantity of the coal consumption of the power generation affected by the variation of the back pressure of 1Kpa, and the unit g/(kw.h); q (Q) 1 The unit of the waste steam utilization amount is t/h.
2. The method for analyzing economic operation of heating system based on exhaust steam condenser as set forth in claim 1, wherein the exhaust steam Li Yongliang Q 1 The calculation formula of (2) is
Exhaust steam Li Yongliang Q 1 In the calculation formula of (1), delta t is the temperature rise of heat supply circulating water after passing through a dead steam condenser, and the temperature is in unit ℃; q (Q) 2 The unit is t/h for the flow of the heat supply circulating water passing through the exhaust steam condenser; ΔJ is the heat released by condensing the unit exhaust steam amount into water under the same back pressure, and the unit kJ/kg; c is the specific volume of water.
3. The method for analyzing economic operation of a heating system based on a dead steam condenser according to claim 1, wherein the calculation formula of y is y=ax 2 +bx+c, x is the electrical load, unit MW; a. b and c are coefficients.
4. The method for analyzing the economic operation of the heating system based on the exhaust steam condenser according to claim 3, wherein the calculation formula of y is obtained through polynomial fitting.
5. The economic operation analysis method of the heating system based on the exhaust steam condenser according to claim 1, wherein the heating system based on the exhaust steam condenser comprises a heat supply network head station (1), a pressure isolation station (3) connected with the heat supply network head station (1), a water supply pipe (2) and a water return pipe (7) are arranged between the heat supply network head station (1) and the pressure isolation station (3), the exhaust steam condenser (4) is arranged on the water return pipe (7), and the exhaust steam condenser (4) is further connected with a steam turbine steam exhaust device (13) and a low-pressure cylinder (5).
6. The economic operation analysis method of the heating system based on the exhaust steam condenser according to claim 5, wherein the low-pressure cylinder (5) is connected with the exhaust steam condenser (4) through a first exhaust steam pipeline (8), and the exhaust steam condenser (4) is connected with a steam turbine exhaust steam device (13) through an exhaust steam condenser drain pipeline (9); a second steam exhaust pipeline (11) is connected between the low-pressure cylinder (5) and the power plant air cooling device (6); an air cooling island drainage pipeline (12) is connected between the power plant air cooling device (6) and the steam turbine steam exhaust device (13).
7. The method for analyzing the economic operation of the heating system based on the exhaust steam condenser according to claim 5, wherein the water supply pipe (2) and the water return pipe (7) are long-distance transmission nets.
8. The method for analyzing the economic operation of the heating system based on the exhaust steam condenser according to claim 5, wherein the heat supply network head station (1) is also connected with a steam extraction turbine (10).
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