CN106642278A - Heat pump and high back pressure combined heat supply system - Google Patents
Heat pump and high back pressure combined heat supply system Download PDFInfo
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- CN106642278A CN106642278A CN201610902418.0A CN201610902418A CN106642278A CN 106642278 A CN106642278 A CN 106642278A CN 201610902418 A CN201610902418 A CN 201610902418A CN 106642278 A CN106642278 A CN 106642278A
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- heat
- condenser
- back pressure
- heat supply
- heating
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
- F24D3/18—Hot-water central heating systems using heat pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
- F24D2200/12—Heat pump
- F24D2200/123—Compression type heat pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
- F24D2200/16—Waste heat
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of industrial heat supply, and particularly discloses a heat pump and high back pressure combined heat supply system. The heat pump and high back pressure combined heat supply system comprises a turbine unit, an air cooling island, a condenser, a heat pump unit, a heating network heater, pipelines and valves. The heat pump and high back pressure combined heat supply system is characterized in that according to the heat supply process, heating network return water passes through an evaporator at first, part of heat of the heating network return water is absorbed by the evaporator to do work, the temperature of the return water is decreased, then the return water is sent to the condenser for primary heating, the temperature of the return water is increased after absorbing heat of dead steam of turbines, then the return water is sent back to the condenser and sent to the heating network heater for tertiary heating after being heated by the condenser, and finally the water is sent to heat consumers through heating network pipes. Heat is recombined, dead steam condensation waste heat of thermal power plants is recovered, and the raw material consumption is obviously lowered; and by lowering the temperature of the return water entering the condenser, the steam exhaust back pressure of the turbines is lowered, and the back pressure range is 15-30 kPa, so that abrasion of blades of low-pressure cylinders of the turbines is reduced, equipment deprecition loss is lowered, and the unit operation is longer and more stable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of heat supply process, more particularly to the system that a kind of heat pump combines high back pressure heat supply.
Background technology
With developing rapidly for urban economy construction, the continuous improvement of living standards of the people, city winter heating thermic load
Demand also increasing rapidly.According to statistics, in recent years the annual central heating demand in city is more than actual heat capacity.Therefore,
Central heating demand is very urgent.
At present urban heat source is still Distributive Boilers and family expenses small coal, burnt gas wall hanging furnace etc..These pannikins
Stove tonnage is little, and layout is at random, and the thermal efficiency is low, and " low load with strong power " phenomenon is universal, and coal resources waste is serious.Meanwhile, small-sized pot
The universal efficiency of supporting cleaner of stove is low, and quite a few does not have regular deduster, and especially in Heating Season, atmosphere pollution is tight
Weight.As reconstruction of the old city town, new city are extended, dispersion arcola room is each built in each department, and repeated construction and investment cause energy profit
Low with rate, resource can not rationally be utilized, allocated.
Urban although existing central heating, but the raw material of central heating fire coal demand is huge, if it is possible to reclaim
Heat supply is preheated with water using industrial exhaust heat, then can substantially reduce raw materials requirement consumption, reduce operation cost, energy-conservation subtracts
Row.
After the steam drive Steam Turbine that thermal power plant boiler is produced generates electricity, the exhaust steam of turbine exhaust still contains big calorimetric
Amount.Generally, the exhaust steam that steam turbine is discharged is exhausted directly to Air-Cooling Island, and the minor heat in exhaust steam is circulated cold by steam power plant
But water conservancy is used, and most of heat is then lost to as a vapor in air, causes the huge waste of the energy.
High back pressure heat supply process and heat pump heat supply technology, are provided to reclaim turbine discharge condensation heat.
High back pressure heat supply process is the technical characterstic that can be run with high back pressure using Steam Turbine low pressure (LP) cylinder, and steam discharge directly adds
Heat supply network recirculated water, the most or all for realizing steam heat is utilized, and into heat supply heat, the low-temperature receiver of steam turbine is damaged change steam used heat
Mistake is greatly decreased, and greatly improves efficiency of energy utilization.But due to by factor shadows such as low, the heat supply network return water temperature height of heat supply phase back pressure
Ring, heat supply network recirculated water can not effectively take away exhausted spare heat when condenser, be to ensure heating demand, it is necessary to improve steamer
Machine back pressure, reduction heat supply network recirculated water return water temperature etc., so as to the abrasion for easily causing turbine blade aggravates, the heat supply network heating of needs
The device amount of drawing gas increases.
Heat pump heat supply technology is referred in Heating Season, with condenser cooling circulating water as evaporimeter thermal source, with steam to drive
Thermal source drives compressor work, and heat supply network recirculated water absorbs heat by heat pump condenser, so as to be heated to uniform temperature, Ran Houzai
By heat exchangers for district heating, drawn gas with unit and do two grades of heating.Exhausted spare heat is reclaimed separately through heat pump techniques, substantial amounts of taking out is needed
Vapour easily causes the results such as heat supply phase generated energy deficiency as driving heat source.
The content of the invention
The present invention is exactly to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of heat pump reasonable in design, efficient energy-saving and height
Back pressure combining heating system.
The present invention adopt scheme be：
The system that a kind of heat pump combines high back pressure heat supply, including steam turbine, condenser, evaporimeter, compressor, condenser, throttling
Device, heat exchangers for district heating, Air-Cooling Island and valve A, B, C, D, the high temperature and high pressure steam from boiler is by jet chimney and vapour
Turbine is connected, and the outlet of the low pressure (LP) cylinder of steam turbine is provided by the pipeline of valve B and is connected with condenser, the condensation that condenser is exported
Water is sent to boiler blow-down water Jing after processing；Heat supply network backwater delivers to evaporimeter by heat supply network return pipe, and evaporimeter is connected with condenser, coagulates
Vapour device is connected with condenser, and condenser is connected with heat exchangers for district heating；The pipe of valve C is provided by between steam turbine and Air-Cooling Island
Road connects, and the condensate of Air-Cooling Island outlet sends boiler blow-down water back to Jing after processing；Compressor is provided by valve D's with steam turbine
Pipeline is connected, and compressor is connected with heat exchangers for district heating；Valve A control heat supply networks return water stream；Steam turbine includes at least one steam discharge
Pressure limit 7 ~ 30kPa steam turbine, in non-heating period, the low back pressure operation of steam turbine, back pressure ranges are 7-10kPa, supply
Warm period, steam turbine high back pressure operation, back pressure ranges are 15-30kPa, and Back-pressure steam temperature is 54 ~ 70 DEG C.
The high temperature and high pressure steam Jing jet chimneys from boiler deliver to Steam Turbine and drive steam turbine operating to generate electricity, vapour
Turbine discharge is changed into saturation condensate Jing after condenser or Air-Cooling Island cooling, and saturation condensate is sent to boiler blow-down water Jing after processing.
The pipeline that valve is provided by between described steam turbine and condenser, Air-Cooling Island switches over connection.
Described exhaust steam in steam turbine is exchanged heat therewith from condenser in Heating Period by heat supply network recirculated water, in non-heating period
From the cooling of Direct Air-Cooled island.
Described heat supply network backwater（Heat supply network recirculated water）Evaporator with heat pump, evaporimeter and condenser are delivered to by heat supply network return pipe
It is connected, condenser is connected with heat pump condenser, and condenser is connected with heat exchangers for district heating.
Described heat supplying process first passes around evaporator with heat pump for heat supply network backwater, and by evaporimeter partial heat acting is absorbed,
Return water temperature is reduced, delivering to turbine condenser by evaporimeter heat supply network backwater out carries out first time heating, absorbs steam turbine
Temperature is improved after exhaust steam heat, after send heat pump condenser back to, deliver to heat exchangers for district heating Jing after heat pump condenser second is heated and enter
Row third time is heated, and finally delivers to heat user via pipe network, secondary heat exchange station, a secondary network.
Described source pump includes evaporimeter, compressor, condenser and throttling arrangement.Its principle is inverse Carnot cycle
Process.
Described heat pump compressor is provided by the pipeline and steam turbine high pressure cylinders of valve, compressor steam discharge
It is connected with heat exchangers for district heating.
Described heat pump compressor draws gas steam to drive from steam turbine high pressure, and compressor steam discharge is heated as heat supply network
Device thermal source is heated to heat supply network recirculated water.
Described heat supply network return water temperature is 50 ~ 60 DEG C, and heat supply network supply water temperature is 100 ~ 130 DEG C.
Described heat supply network backwater is reduced to 35 ~ 45 DEG C via temperature after evaporator with heat pump heat exchange, adds for the first time via condenser
Temperature rises most 50 ~ 60 DEG C after heat, and temperature rises most 70 ~ 80 DEG C after exchanging heat for second via heat pump condenser.
As a result of above-mentioned technical proposal, the technological progress that the present invention is obtained is：
1, the energy loss that evaporator with heat pump absorption heat supply backwater heat is caused is made up after exchanging heat via back pressure condenser.This
Method only consumes extracted steam from turbine heat pump driven compressor thermal source and uses, and does not consume recirculated cooling water, and the method is entered to heat
Go and reintegrated, consumption of raw materials has substantially been reduced.
2, compared with high back pressure heat supply process conventional in the market, in heating period, by being lowered into condenser
Return water temperature, reduces steam turbine exhaust pressure, and exhaust steam pressure is in 15 ~ 30kPa, and back pressure is relatively low, so as to reduce turbine low pressure cylinder
The abrasion of blade, reduces equipment depreciation loss, and unit operation is more stable for a long time.
3, part extraction for heat supply is changed to exhaust steam heat supply after heating period, high back pressure transformation, generates a part of electricity, together
When, because low pressure (LP) cylinder flow increases, low pressure (LP) cylinder efficiency increases more, and generated energy increases.
4, heat pump can reduce the coal consumption in the case of identical generated energy, heating load with reference to high back pressure technology, so as to reduce combustion
Flue-gas, on the whole more environment protection energy-saving efficient, economically feasible.
5, the technical scheme has the respective advantage of heat pump techniques and high back pressure technology simultaneously.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the result schematic flow sheet of the present invention.
Including steam turbine 1, condenser 2, evaporimeter 3, compressor 4, condenser 5, throttling arrangement 6, heat exchangers for district heating
7th, Air-Cooling Island 8 and valve A, B, C, D.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiment is described in further details to the present invention：
As shown in figure 1, the embodiment include steam turbine 1, condenser 2, evaporimeter 3, compressor 4, condenser 5, throttling arrangement 6,
Heat exchangers for district heating 7, Air-Cooling Island 8 and valve A, B, C, D.
High temperature and high pressure steam from boiler is connected by jet chimney with steam turbine 1, and the low pressure (LP) cylinder outlet of steam turbine 1 is logical
Cross and be provided with the pipeline of valve B and be connected with condenser 2, the condensate of the outlet of condenser 2 is sent to boiler blow-down water Jing after processing；Heat supply network
Backwater delivers to evaporimeter 3 by heat supply network return pipe, and evaporimeter 3 is connected with condenser 2, and condenser 2 is connected with condenser 5, condensation
Device 5 is connected with heat exchangers for district heating 7；Evaporimeter 3 is connected to heat pump cycle unit with compressor 4, condenser 5, throttling arrangement 6；Vapour
The pipeline connection of valve C is provided by between turbine 1 and Air-Cooling Island 8, the condensate of the outlet of Air-Cooling Island 8 sends pot back to Jing after processing
Stove backwater；The pipeline that compressor 4 is provided by valve D with steam turbine 1 is connected, and compressor 4 is connected with heat exchangers for district heating 7；Valve
Door A control heat supply networks return water stream.
In Heating Period, heat pump techniques heat supply is combined using high back pressure, concrete operation step is as follows：
First, the vacuum system of condenser 2 is set up；Secondly, heat supply network recirculated water enters condenser 2, and condenser 2 produces a level pressure
Power；Again, the rotating speed of the blower fan of Air-Cooling Island 8 is adjusted, the back pressure of steam exhaust device is adjusted, allows it to be close to the back pressure of condenser 2 and high
In the back pressure of condenser, valve B is opened, condenser starts into some vapor；Finally, back pressure is adjusted according to recirculated water leaving water temperature
Value and condenser throttle flow, close valve C, and Air-Cooling Island 8 is out of service.Due to heat supply network circulating water temperature it is higher, using exhaust steam plus
Heat can improve main frame back pressure, be high back pressure relative to the normal 7～10kPa of back pressure of unit.
Meanwhile, valve D is opened, heat pump compressor 4 draws gas steam to drive by the high pressure of steam turbine 1, and the steam discharge of compressor 4 is made
Heat supply network recirculated water is heated for the thermal source of heat exchangers for district heating 7.
Heat supply network quantity of circulating water is 1000t/h, and heat supply network return water temperature is 52 DEG C, and temperature is reduced to 35 DEG C after evaporimeter 3, after
Delivering to condenser 2 carries out first time heating, and temperature is upgraded to 52 DEG C after heat exchange, then condensed device 5 carries out second heating, after heat exchange
Temperature is upgraded to 77 DEG C, most after Jing heat exchangers for district heatings 7 carry out third time heating, temperature is upgraded to 100 DEG C after heat exchange, final Jing heating tubes
Net delivers to user.
In terms of the t/h of heat supply network circulating water flow 1000, heat supply network recirculated water, between condenser, source pump, heat exchangers for district heating
Temperature and heat load balance relation it is as shown in table 1.
The heat load balance table of table 1
This heating system Heating Period back pressure 20kPa, back pressure is less, and turbine blade abrasion is greatly reduced, and generated energy increases, coal
Consumption is reduced；Only consume extracted steam from turbine 41t/h heat pump driven compressor thermals source to use, recirculated cooling water is not consumed, using heat
Pump combines high back pressure technology and reclaims exhaust steam in steam turbine waste heat 19767KW, can be heated to the heat supply network backwater of 1000t/h by 52 DEG C
100 DEG C use for central heating, gross heat input 55813KW, with 50W/m2Calculate, can the m of heat supply 111.6 ten thousand2。
Calculated with annual heat supply number of days 150 days, year 25.618 ten thousand GJ of recovery waste heat amount, 435.5 ten thousand yuan of waste heat income, equipment
1744.14 ten thousand yuan of cost of investment, period of recouping investments in equipment 4 years.
In non-heating period, an Open valve C closes valve A, B, D, and heat supply network recirculated water is out of service, and Steam Turbine is recovered
Normal operation.
The above is only the better embodiment of the present invention, therefore all constructions according to described in present patent application scope,
Equivalence changes or modification that feature and principle are done, are included in the range of present patent application.
Claims (8)
1. the system that a kind of heat pump combines high back pressure heat supply, it is characterised in that：Including steam turbine (1), condenser (2), evaporimeter
(3), compressor (4), condenser (5), throttling arrangement (6), heat exchangers for district heating (7), Air-Cooling Island (8) and valve A, B, C, D, come
It is connected with steam turbine (1) by jet chimney from the high temperature and high pressure steam of boiler, the low pressure (LP) cylinder outlet of steam turbine (1) is by arranging
The pipeline for having valve B is connected with condenser (2), and the condensate of condenser (2) outlet is sent to boiler blow-down water Jing after processing；Heat supply network is returned
Water delivers to evaporimeter (3) by heat supply network return pipe, and evaporimeter (3) is connected with condenser (2), condenser (2) and condenser (5) phase
Even, condenser (5) is connected with heat exchangers for district heating (7)；The pipeline of valve C is provided by between steam turbine (1) and Air-Cooling Island (8)
Connection, the condensate of Air-Cooling Island (8) outlet sends boiler blow-down water back to Jing after processing；Compressor (4) is provided by with steam turbine (1)
The pipeline of valve D is connected, and compressor (4) is connected with heat exchangers for district heating (7)；Valve A control heat supply networks return water stream；Steam turbine (1)
Comprising at least one exhaust steam pressure scope 7 ~ 30kPa steam turbine, in non-heating period, the low back pressure operation of steam turbine, back pressure model
Enclose for 7-10kPa, in heating period, steam turbine high back pressure operation, back pressure ranges are 15-30kPa, and Back-pressure steam temperature is 54 ~ 70
℃。
2. the system that heat pump according to claim 1 combines high back pressure heat supply, it is characterised in that：Heat supplying process is returned for heat supply network
Water first passes around evaporimeter (3), and by evaporimeter (3) partial heat acting is absorbed, and return water temperature is reduced, by evaporimeter (3) out
Heat supply network backwater deliver to condenser (2) and carry out first time heating, absorb temperature after exhaust steam in steam turbine heat and improve, after send condensation back to
Device (5), condensed device (5) delivers to heat exchangers for district heating (7) and carries out third time heating after heating for second, finally via heat supply network pipe network
Deliver to heat user.
3. the system that heat pump according to claim 1 combines high back pressure heat supply, it is characterised in that：Steam turbine (1) exhaust steam exists
Heating Period is exchanged heat therewith from condenser (2) by heat supply network recirculated water, is cooled down from Direct Air-Cooled island (8) in non-heating period.
4. the system that heat pump according to claim 1 combines high back pressure heat supply, it is characterised in that：Heat pump compressor (4) with
Steam turbine (1) high pressure is drawn gas to drive, and steam discharge is sent to heat exchangers for district heating (7) and heat supply network recirculated water is heated.
5. the system that heat pump according to claim 1 combines high back pressure heat supply, it is characterised in that：Heat supply network return water temperature is 50
~ 60 DEG C, heat supply network supply water temperature is 100 ~ 130 DEG C.
6. the system that heat pump according to claim 1 combines high back pressure heat supply, it is characterised in that：Heat supply network backwater is via heat pump
Temperature is reduced to 35 ~ 45 DEG C after evaporator heat exchange, most 50 ~ 60 DEG C is risen via condenser first time temperature after heating, via heat pump
Temperature rises most 70 ~ 80 DEG C after condenser exchanges heat for second.
7. the system that heat pump according to claim 1 combines high back pressure heat supply, it is characterised in that：In Heating Period, using height
Back pressure combines heat pump techniques heat supply, and concrete operation step is as follows：
Step（1）：Set up the vacuum system of condenser (2)；Heat supply network recirculated water enters condenser (2), and condenser (2) produces certain
Pressure；
Step（2）：The rotating speed of adjustment Air-Cooling Island (8) blower fan, adjusts the back pressure of steam exhaust device, allows the back pressure of its same condenser (2)
It is close to and higher than the back pressure of condenser, opens valve B, condenser starts into some vapor；
Step（3）：Back pressure value and condenser throttle flow are adjusted according to recirculated water leaving water temperature, valve C is closed, Air-Cooling Island (8) is moved back
Go out operation, because heat supply network circulating water temperature is higher, main frame back pressure can be improved using exhaust steam heating, relative to the normal back pressure of unit
7～10kPa is high back pressure；
Step（4）：Valve D is opened, heat pump compressor (4) draws gas steam to drive by steam turbine (1) high pressure, compressor (4)
Steam discharge is heated as heat exchangers for district heating (7) thermal source to heat supply network recirculated water.
8. heat pump according to claim 7 combines the heat supply method of high back pressure heating system, it is characterised in that：Heat supply network is circulated
The water yield is 1000t/h, and heat supply network return water temperature is 52 DEG C, and temperature is reduced to 35 DEG C after evaporimeter (3), after deliver to condenser (2)
First time heating is carried out, temperature is upgraded to 52 DEG C after heat exchange, then condensed device (5) carries out second heating, temperature is upgraded to after heat exchange
77 DEG C, most after Jing heat exchangers for district heatings (7) carry out third time heating, temperature is upgraded to 100 DEG C after heat exchange, and final Jing heating networks are delivered to
User, heat load balance is as follows：
Heat supply network recirculated water：
Into evaporator with heat pump temperature (DEG C)： 52,
Evaporator with heat pump is left, into condenser temperature (DEG C): 35,
Condenser is left, into heat pump compressor temperature (DEG C): 52,
Heat pump compressor is left, into heat exchangers for district heating temperature (DEG C): 77,
Leave heat exchangers for district heating temperature (DEG C): 100,
Flow（t/h）: 1000,
Total amount of heat (KW): 55813;
Condenser:
Exhaust steam back pressure（kPa）: 20;
Exhaust steam temperature (DEG C): 60
Waste heat recovery volume (KW) 19767;
Source pump:
Evaporimeter absorbs heat（KW）: 19767,
Extraction pressure (MPa): 1.85,
Extraction temperature (DEG C): 360,
Extraction flow (t/h): 41,
Compressor horsepower (KW): 4942,
Condenser heating load (KW): 29069,
Compressor exhaust steam pressure (MPa): 0.15,
Compressor exhaust temperature (DEG C): 128;
Heat exchangers for district heating:
Heat exchangers for district heating heating load (KW): 26744.
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| CN201610902418.0A CN106642278A (en) | 2016-10-18 | 2016-10-18 | Heat pump and high back pressure combined heat supply system |
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| CN201610902418.0A CN106642278A (en) | 2016-10-18 | 2016-10-18 | Heat pump and high back pressure combined heat supply system |
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ID=58856799
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| CN107477650A (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2017-12-15 | 中清源环保节能有限公司 | One kind utilizes compression heat pump recovery coal-burning power plant's condensation hot systems |
| CN107631343A (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2018-01-26 | 山西三水能源股份有限公司 | A kind of ultralow temperature UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN thermoelectricity cooperates with heat supply process |
| CN107687663A (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2018-02-13 | 联合瑞升（北京）科技有限公司 | Heating system and heat supply method are reclaimed in a kind of heat pump combined exhaust steam of polymorphic type |
| CN108087944A (en) * | 2017-12-31 | 2018-05-29 | 联合瑞升（北京）科技有限公司 | A kind of condensation water recycling heating system based on water water ejector |
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| CN115095898A (en) * | 2022-06-01 | 2022-09-23 | 华能国际电力股份有限公司上安电厂 | Heat supply system economic operation analysis method based on exhaust steam condenser |
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