CN113959237B - Coupled steam refrigeration cooling operation optimization method for direct air cooling unit - Google Patents
Coupled steam refrigeration cooling operation optimization method for direct air cooling unit Download PDFInfo
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 144
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 115
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 70
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003657 drainage water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
- F28B11/00—Controlling arrangements with features specially adapted for condensers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/04—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for sorption type machines, plants or systems
Abstract
The invention provides a combined system optimization operation method of a direct air cooling unit coupling absorption refrigerator. Under the constraint condition of environment gas temperature and power generation load bivariate, taking the lowest power supply coal consumption value as an optimizing target function, taking the rated value of the running frequency of the air cooling fan and the shutdown of the absorption refrigerator as reference working conditions, sequentially optimizing the running frequency of the air cooling fan and the refrigeration load of the absorption refrigerator in a serial mode, and comparing the power supply coal consumption value, wherein if the power supply coal consumption value is not larger than the reference working condition, the new working condition is a comparison reference working condition; otherwise, the original working condition is still used as a comparison standard. Under the constraint condition of double variables of ambient air temperature and power generation load, an absorption refrigerator is additionally arranged as an additional cooling system, the working condition corresponding to the lowest value of the power supply coal consumption of the direct air cooling unit is the optimal operation working condition, and the operation frequency of the air cooling fan and the refrigeration load of the absorption refrigerator are listed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of energy-saving optimization of coal-fired power generation units, and particularly relates to a method for optimizing cooling operation of direct air cooling units by coupling steam refrigeration.
Background
The air cooling technology of the power station has excellent water saving performance, is rapidly developed and widely applied in the North-third area of China, and is currently installed with more than 1 hundred million kilowatts. According to the heat exchange form of cooling air and dead steam of a power station, the air cooling system can be divided into direct air cooling and indirect air cooling. The direct air cooling unit is characterized in that cooling air passes through an air cooling condenser through driving of a fan, and dead steam of a power station in the tube bundle of the air cooling condenser is condensed; the indirect air cooling unit takes circulating water as a cooling medium, a radiator is additionally arranged on the periphery of a natural ventilation cooling tower, ambient air is driven by suction force of the air cooling tower, high-temperature circulating water from an outlet of a condenser of a power station to the air cooling tower is cooled by sweeping the radiator, and low-temperature circulating water from the outlet of the air cooling tower is driven by a circulating water pump and enters the condenser of the power station to condense steam turbine exhaust steam. The direct air cooling unit uses the ambient air as a cooling medium, and is in high back pressure operation in a high-temperature period in summer, and the heat exchange deterioration, the influence of factors such as strong wind and hot air circulation and the like caused by the dirt of the radiator are further caused, so that the back pressure of the unit operation is further raised, and the energy consumption is increased. The research shows that the coal consumption of the unit power generation is increased by 1.3-1.5g/kWh when the running back pressure is increased by 1 kPa.
The direct air cooling unit is additionally provided with an absorption type refrigerator as an additional cooling system, under the given conditions of ambient air temperature and power generation load, the larger the output of the absorption type refrigerator is, the flow rate of cold water is increased, the larger the air temperature drop of an inlet of an air cooling radiator is, the corresponding decrease of running back pressure is obvious, the larger the energy consumption drop of the unit is, but at the same time, the output of the refrigerator is in direct proportion to the flow rate of medium-exhaust steam extraction, and the flow rate of medium-exhaust steam extraction to the absorption type refrigerator is in direct proportion to the energy consumption rise value of the unit, so that the optimal output exists under the double variable constraint of ambient air temperature and power generation load. Furthermore, after the absorption refrigerator is additionally arranged as an additional cooling system, the operation optimization strategy of the air cooling fan is changed, and the higher the operation optimization strategy is, the better the operation optimization strategy is.
In a word, under the constraint condition of double variables of ambient air temperature and power generation load, whether the absorption refrigerator is put into operation, output and the running frequency of the air cooling fan are determined, so that the energy consumption of the unit is the lowest. The determination method of the current optimal mode has not been reported publicly.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a method for optimizing the coupled steam refrigeration cooling operation of a direct air cooling unit, so as to solve the problem that the prior art lacks of determining whether an absorption refrigerator is put into operation or not and the operating frequency of an air cooling fan for ensuring the minimum energy consumption of the unit.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a method for optimizing the cooling operation of direct air cooling unit coupled steam refrigeration comprises the following steps:
step1, determining boundary parameters in the running process of a direct air cooling unit and determining reference parameters in the optimizing process;
step2, calculating an optimal operation frequency value of the air cooling fan, wherein the optimal operation frequency value is a minimum frequency value of the operation of the air cooling fan, and determining a first minimum value of the power supply coal consumption through the optimal operation frequency value; the first minimum value of the power supply coal consumption is the power supply coal consumption when the refrigeration load of the absorption refrigerator is the minimum safe and stable refrigeration load;
step3, taking the first minimum value of the power supply coal consumption as a unit power supply coal consumption standard, comparing the first minimum value with the actual power supply coal consumption, and taking the smaller value as the second minimum value of the power supply coal consumption; calculating the minimum refrigeration load of the absorption refrigerator when the second minimum value is calculated, wherein the minimum refrigeration load is the optimal refrigeration load of the absorption refrigerator, and the optimal refrigeration load of the absorption refrigerator is smaller than the rated refrigeration load;
and under the conditions of the optimal operation frequency value of the air cooling fan and the optimal refrigeration load absorption refrigerator, the direct air cooling unit operates.
The invention further improves that:
preferably, in step1, the boundary parameters include: ambient air temperature t a Output power N of generator ge Minimum safe and stable operating frequency f of air cooling fan min Rated refrigeration load Q of absorption refrigerator d Minimum safe and stable refrigeration load Q of absorption refrigerator d-min 。
Preferably, in step1, the reference parameters include a reference parameter of an air cooling fan operating frequency and a reference parameter of unit power supply coal consumption.
Preferably, the reference parameter of the air cooling fan operation frequency is the minimum safe and stable operation frequency f of the air cooling fan min The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The reference parameter of the unit power supply coal consumption is unit power supply coal consumption b 0 The unit supplies power for coal consumption b 0 The running frequency of the air cooling fan is set to be 50Hz, and the unit supplies power and consumes coal when the absorption refrigerator is stopped.
Preferably, the specific process of the step2 is as follows:
step 2.1, the refrigeration load of the absorption refrigerator is Q d-min When the unit stably operates, the unit power supply coal consumption b of the first stage is calculated and determined through the first stage measured value 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The Q is d-min The minimum safe and stable refrigeration load of the absorption refrigerator is achieved;
step 2.2, alignment b 1 And b 0 The b is 0 Reference parameters of coal consumption for supplying power to the unit, when b 1 Less than b 0 Executing step 2.3; otherwise, directly executing step 2.4 to b 0 As a first minimum value of the power supply coal consumption;
step 2.3, b 1 As a first minimum value of unit power supply coal consumption;
step 2.4, maintaining the refrigeration load of the absorption refrigeration machine under the first minimum value, and reducing the operating frequency f of the air cooling fan 1 ；
Step 2.5, judging f 1 Whether the minimum safe and stable operating frequency f of the air cooling fan is smaller than or equal to min The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If the difference is larger than the preset value, repeating the steps 2.1 to 2.4 until f 1 Less than f min Outputting a first minimum value b of the unit power supply coal consumption at the moment 1 。
Preferably, in step 2.1, the first stage measurement comprises a first stage boiler efficiency η b1 Total heat rate HR of first stage turbine 1 And a first stage station service power rate eta 1 。
Preferably, in step 2.4, the air cooling fan operating frequency f is reduced each time 1 The formula of (2) is:
f 1 ＝f 0 -5Hz。
preferably, the specific process of the step3 is as follows:
step 3.1, taking the optimal operation frequency value as an operation frequency value of the air-cooling machine, and taking a first lowest value of power supply coal consumption as a unit power supply coal consumption reference; let the refrigeration load of the absorption refrigerator be Q 2 ＝Q 1 +0.1Q d The Q is d Designed output value for absorption refrigerator, Q 1 For minimum safe and stable refrigeration load of absorption refrigerator, when the unit is stable, the power supply coal consumption b of the second-stage unit is calculated through the second-stage measured value 2 ；
Step 3.2, comparing whether b is 2 Less than the first minimum value, if yes, executing step 3.3; otherwise, executing the step 3.4, and taking the first lowest value as a second lowest value;
step 3.3, let b 2 ＝b b,f Will b 2 As a second lowest value;
step 3.4, when the power supply coal consumption is at the second minimum value, the load Q of the absorption refrigerator is set 3 ＝Q 2 +0.1Q d ；
Step 3.5, judging Q 3 Whether or not it is greater than Q d If yes, returning to the step2, repeating the step2 and the step3, and if no, ending the iteration.
Preferably, the second stage measurement includes a second stage boiler efficiency η b2 Total heat rate HR of second stage steam turbine 2 And a second stage station service power rate eta 2 。
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a combined system optimization operation method of a direct air cooling unit coupling absorption refrigerator. Under the constraint condition of environment gas temperature and power generation load bivariate, taking the lowest power supply coal consumption value as an optimizing target function, taking the rated value of the running frequency of the air cooling fan and the shutdown of the absorption refrigerator as reference working conditions, sequentially optimizing the running frequency of the air cooling fan and the refrigeration load of the absorption refrigerator in a serial mode, and comparing the power supply coal consumption value, wherein if the power supply coal consumption value is not larger than the reference working condition, the new working condition is a comparison reference working condition; otherwise, the original working condition is still used as a comparison standard. Under the constraint condition of double variables of ambient air temperature and power generation load, an absorption refrigerator is additionally arranged as an additional cooling system, the working condition corresponding to the lowest value of the power supply coal consumption of the direct air cooling unit is the optimal operation working condition, and the operation frequency of the air cooling fan and the refrigeration load of the absorption refrigerator are listed. The optimizing operation method provided by the invention has intuitive optimizing targets and accords with production practice, and the air cooling power station has wider application prospect along with gradual promotion of energy conservation and emission reduction and double-carbon strategy in China. The invention is different from the large-investment and wide-occupied air cooling island capacity-increasing technology and the spray type peak cooling technology with huge water consumption, and provides an absorption refrigerator which is additionally provided with a certain level of extraction steam as a heat source to drive the refrigerator to cool energy, and cold water at about 4 ℃ flows to a cold water coil pipe bundle in front of an air cooling fan outlet and an air cooling radiator inlet, so that the temperature of cooling air of an air cooling system is reduced, and the purposes of reducing running back pressure and total energy consumption are achieved. The invention is suitable for guiding the fine regulation and control operation of the direct air cooling power station coupled with the externally-hung cooling system under the double-variable constraint of ambient air temperature and power generation load.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a process flow of an absorption refrigerator added to a direct air cooling unit of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of an overall operation optimization method of the direct air cooling unit coupled steam refrigeration cooling system;
wherein: 1-a boiler; 2-a high-pressure cylinder; 3-a medium pressure cylinder; 4-a low pressure cylinder; a 5-generator; 6-an air-cooling radiator; 7-an air cooling fan; 8-a condensate pump; 9-a low pressure heater group; 10-a water supply pump set; 11-a high-pressure heater group; 12-absorption refrigerator; 13-a circulation pump; 14-a cold water tray tube bundle; 15-a power steam conduit; 16-a cold water pipeline; 17-a hot water main pipe; 18-a hydrophobic parent tube; 19-a condensation water main pipe; 20-a steam exhaust main pipe; 21-cold water branch pipe.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures:
in the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., are based on directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description and simplification of description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in the specific direction, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention; the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; furthermore, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixed or removable, for example; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
The invention provides a combined system optimization operation method of a direct air cooling unit coupling absorption refrigerator. Under the constraint condition of environment gas temperature and power generation load bivariate, taking the lowest power supply coal consumption value as an optimizing target function, taking the rated value of the running frequency of the air cooling fan and the shutdown of the absorption refrigerator as reference working conditions, sequentially optimizing the running frequency of the air cooling fan and the refrigeration load of the absorption refrigerator in a serial mode, and comparing the power supply coal consumption value, wherein if the power supply coal consumption value is not larger than the reference working condition, the new working condition is a comparison reference working condition; otherwise, the original working condition is still used as a comparison standard. Under the constraint condition of double variables of ambient air temperature and power generation load, an absorption refrigerator is additionally arranged as an additional cooling system, the working condition corresponding to the lowest value of the power supply coal consumption of the direct air cooling unit is the optimal operation working condition, and the operation frequency of the air cooling fan and the refrigeration load of the absorption refrigerator are listed.
In order to clearly describe the implementation process of the integral operation optimization method of the direct air cooling unit coupling steam refrigeration cooling system, an absorption refrigerator is additionally arranged on a certain direct air cooling unit to be used as an embodiment, and fig. 1 is a schematic process flow diagram of the embodiment.
In order to improve the operation vacuum of the high-temperature and high-electric load section, the direct air cooling unit is additionally provided with an absorption refrigerator as an additional cooling system, and the direct air cooling unit comprises a boiler 1, a high-pressure cylinder 2, a medium-pressure cylinder 3, a low-pressure cylinder 4, a generator 5, an air cooling radiator 6, an air cooling fan 7, a condensate pump 8, a low-pressure heater group 9, a water supply pump group 10, a high-pressure heater group 11, an absorption refrigerator 12, a circulating pump 13 and a cold water disc tube bundle 14.
Specifically, the superheated steam output end of the boiler 1 is connected to the high-pressure cylinder 2, and the steam output end of the high-pressure cylinder 2
The steam output pipeline of the superheater of the boiler 1 is connected with the high-pressure cylinder 2, the steam output pipeline of the high-pressure cylinder 2 is connected with the reheat steam pipeline of the boiler 1, the reheat steam pipeline output pipeline of the boiler 1 is connected with the steam inlet pipeline of the medium-pressure cylinder 3, the steam output pipeline of the medium-pressure cylinder 3 is divided into two branches, one branch is connected to the low-pressure cylinder 4, the other branch is a power steam pipeline 15, and the power steam pipeline 15 is connected to the absorption refrigerator 12. The high pressure cylinder 2, the medium pressure cylinder 3 and the low pressure cylinder 4 are connected with the same power output shaft together, and are connected with the generator 5 after power output to drive the generator 5 to generate electricity.
The steam output pipeline of the low-pressure cylinder 4 is provided with two steam exhaust main pipes 20, the two steam exhaust main pipes 20 are connected with the air-cooling radiator 6, steam of the low-pressure cylinder 4 becomes condensate after the air-cooling radiator 6 is cooled, the pipeline for discharging the condensate by the air-cooling radiator 6 is provided with a condensate main pipe 19, and the condensate main pipe 19 is connected with the water inlet end of the condensate pump 8.
A cold water disc tube bundle 14 is arranged in front of the air cooling radiator 6, and a plurality of air cooling fans 7 are arranged in front of the cold water disc tube bundle 14; after being pressurized by the air cooling fan 7, the ambient air transversely passes through the cold water disc tube bundle 14 to absorb cold energy and cool, then passes through the original air cooling radiator 6, and condenses the exhaust steam of the low-pressure cylinder 4 of the steam turbine.
Referring to fig. 1, the cold water tray tube bundle 14 is composed of a plurality of cold water branch tubes 21 in parallel, all the cold water branch tubes 21 are arranged in a vertical direction, all the cold water branch tubes 21 are provided with water by a cold water pipeline 16, the cold water passes through the cold water tray tube bundle 14 to transfer heat to the air cooling fan 7 to become hot water, and the outlets of all the cold water branch tubes 21 are commonly connected to the inlet of the hot water main tube 17.
A cooling water pipeline and a drainage pipeline are arranged in the absorption refrigerator 12, the water inlet end of the cooling water pipeline is connected with the water outlet end of the cold water disc tube bundle 14 through a hot water main pipe 17, the water outlet end of the cooling water pipeline is connected with the water inlet end of the cold water disc tube bundle 14 through a cold water pipeline 16, and a circulating pump 13 is arranged on the cold water pipeline 16; the water inlet end of the drainage pipeline is connected with the power steam pipeline 15, the water outlet end of the drainage pipeline is connected with the drainage main pipe 18, and the water outlet of the drainage main pipe 18 is connected with the water inlet of the condensate pump 8.
The water outlet end of the condensate pump 8 is connected with the low-pressure heater 9, the water outlet end of the low-pressure heater 9 is connected with the water supply pump set 10, the water outlet end of the water supply pump set 10 is connected with the high-pressure heater set 11, and the water outlet end of the high-pressure heater set 11 is connected with the economizer of the boiler 1.
In the device, an absorption refrigerator 12 is additionally arranged, partial exhaust steam of a middle pressure cylinder 3 is led to be used as a driving steam source to enter the absorption refrigerator 12, and the steam is discharged and becomes drainage water to flow back to the inlet of a condensate pump 8. The absorption refrigerator 12 prepares cold energy, the outlet low-temperature water enters the cold water disc tube bundle 14 to release cold energy after being pressurized by the circulating pump 13, and then returns to the absorption refrigerator 12 through the hot water pipeline 17 to complete water side circulation. After being pressurized by the air cooling fan 7, the ambient air transversely passes through the cold water disc tube bundle 14 to absorb cold energy and cool, then passes through the original air cooling radiator 6, and the condensing steam turbine low-pressure cylinder 4 discharges steam.
In the high-temperature and high-electric load section of the unit in summer, the absorption refrigerator system can be put into operation, and the operation vacuum lifting and the reduction of the energy consumption of the unit are realized at the cost of exhausting steam in a consumed part.
Referring to fig. 2, based on the above device, the method for optimizing the coupled steam refrigeration cooling operation of the direct air cooling unit comprises the following steps:
step1, determining an optimizing objective function of an optimizing operation method of a direct air cooling unit coupled steam refrigeration cooling system.
The boiler 1, the steam turbine, the generator 5, the related auxiliary machines, the thermodynamic system and the newly added absorption refrigerator system of the coal motor unit are taken as a whole, the fire coal is input at the side of the boiler, and the output is the power supply load of the outlet of the main transformer.
The power supply coal consumption b is defined as the unit standard coal total consumption under unit power supply quantity, g/kWh, and comprehensively reflects the thermal efficiency eta of the boiler b The heat rate HR of the steam turbine and the total power consumption N of auxiliary machines (including an air cooling fan 7) cy Take up the output power N of the generator ge (defined as plant power eta) ratio, and boiler heat efficiency eta is measured through boiler 1, steam turbine and plant electric heating power test b And calculating the heat rate HR and the plant power consumption eta of the steam turbine.
Wherein eta is p For pipeline efficiency, a constant value of 0.99 is typically taken.
At the power supply load, the ambient air temperature t a When the air cooling unit is given, the output of the absorption refrigerator 12 (represented by refrigeration load Q) and the running frequency f of the air cooling fan under the lowest value of the power supply coal consumption b after the absorption refrigerator 12 is additionally arranged on the direct air cooling unit can be regarded as an optimal running mode, and the power supply coal consumption b of the coal motor unit is the lowest at the moment.
The process for calculating the consumption B of the coal in the formula (1) is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,
h ms 、h rh 、h rc 、h gs 、h zj and h gj The method is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of respectively obtaining the main steam enthalpy value of an outlet of a boiler superheater, the enthalpy values of an outlet and an inlet of the boiler reheater, the feed water enthalpy value of the inlet of the boiler, the heat-reducing water enthalpy values of the boiler reheater and the superheater, and kJ/kg. Can be calculated from in situ pressure and temperature measurements.
In the formula (1), eta b The heat efficiency of the boiler is shown in the formula (3), different boilers are different, and the heat efficiency is obtained according to a site special test.
η b ＝f 1 (D ms ) (3)
D ms 、D rh 、D rc 、D gs 、D zj And D gj The main steam flow of the outlet of the boiler superheater, the steam flow of the outlet and the inlet of the boiler reheater, the water supply flow of the inlet of the boiler, the water flow of the boiler reheater and the desuperheater of the superheater, and t/h are respectively. The above parameters are not independent of each other, but follow a certain correlation, see formula (4).
Wherein D is ex1 、D ex2 And D leak The method is respectively 1 section of steam extraction, 2 sections of steam extraction and shaft seal leakage, and t/h. Wherein D is ex1 And D ex2 D can be calculated according to the heat balance and the material balance of the high-pressure heater of the regenerative system corresponding to the 1-section steam extraction and the 2-section steam extraction leak Is the main steam flow D ms And main steam pressure P ms The binary function of (2) is given by the turbine manufacturer as equation (5).
D leak ＝f 4 (D ms ,P ms ) (5)
And step2, determining an optimal operation mode by taking the minimum value of the power supply coal consumption b of the direct air cooling unit as a guide.
Contract boundary: frequency operation range f of air cooling fan 7 min F is more than or equal to 50Hz, wherein f min And the minimum safe and stable operation frequency is given according to the operation regulations of the direct air cooling unit. The absorption refrigerator 12 adopts the exhaust steam of the medium-pressure cylinder 4 as a driving heat source, and the output takes the refrigeration load as a representation Q d-min ≤Q≤Q d Wherein the nameplate output (rated output, rated refrigeration load) is designed to be Q d Minimum safe and stable refrigeration load is Q d-min Q is provided by the manufacturer d-min 。
Figure 2 shows the implementation of the method.
step1: inputting boundary parameters: t is t a 、N ge 、f min 、Q d 、Q d-min 。
step2: establishing an iterative optimization comparison standard: the operating frequency of the air cooling fan 7 takes a design value: f (f) 0 =50hz, the absorption chiller 12 is shut down, and the back pressure of the direct air cooling unit is P c0 . The boiler efficiency eta is obtained by testing b Determining the total heat rate HR, the plant power consumption eta of the steam turbine and determining the unit power supply coal consumption b 0 As an iterative optimization comparison standard.
Fan operating frequency fstep 3 to step8 is optimized for a given output of absorption chiller 12.
step3: when the absorption refrigerator 12 is put into operation, the cooling water output by the absorption refrigerator 12 is used for reducing the inlet air temperature of the air cooling radiator 6, so that the absorption refrigerator 12 can refrigerate the load Q 1 ＝Q d-min After the unit stably operates, through the first stage measurement value: back pressure P c1 Testing to obtain boiler efficiency eta b1 Total heat rate HR of steam turbine 1 Station service power consumption eta 1 Calculating and determining unit power supply coal consumption b 1 The unit power supply coal consumption b at the moment is set 1 Is the first lowest value;
step4: and (3) judging: b 1 ＜b 0 ? If yes, go to step5; if not, the original working condition is still considered as a reference working condition for comparison, and step6 is directly carried out.
step5: judging a new working condition as an optimizing comparison reference working condition, and letting b 1 ＝b 0 。
step6: maintaining the refrigeration load, reducing the fan operating frequency at 5Hz each time: f (f) 1 ＝f 0 -5Hz
step7: and (3) judging: f (f) 1 ≤f min ? If not, turning to step3, and continuing to search for the optimal condition; if yes, determining that the iterative optimization condition is not met, ending the flow, and performing step8;
step8: the optimum fan operating frequency f for a given output of the absorption chiller 12 is obtained by step3-step7 and then guided by the lowest supply coal consumption, in this case b 1 Set as b b,f Output b b,f 。
step9: with refrigeration loadQ 1 Lower unit optimal fan frequency f b1 To compare the reference condition, the flow rate of the driving steam source of the absorption refrigerator 12 is changed to ensure that Q 2 ＝Q 1 +0.1Q d The flow rate and temperature of the cooling water flowing from the absorption chiller 12 to the air-cooled radiator 6 change, and the operation back pressure decreases. After the unit stably operates, through the first stage measurement value: efficiency eta of the boiler 1 b2 Total heat rate HR of steam turbine 2 Station service power consumption eta 2 Calculating and determining unit power supply coal consumption b 2 。
step10: and (3) judging: b 2 ＜b b,f ? If yes, go to step11; if not, the original working condition is still considered as a reference working condition for comparison, b b,f As the second lowest value, step12 is directly performed.
step11: judging a new working condition as an optimizing comparison reference working condition, and letting b 2 ＝b b,f Will b 2 As a second lowest value;
step12: at a time of 0.1 XQ d Is increased in amplitude by the load of the absorption chiller 12: q (Q) 3 ＝Q 2 +0.1Q d
step13: and (3) judging: q (Q) 3 ≥Q d ? If yes, step3 is shifted; and if not, determining that the iterative optimization condition is not satisfied, and ending the flow. And (5) optimizing the fan operating frequency under the output of the absorption refrigerator.
step14: given ambient air temperature t a And a power generation load N ge Under the condition, fan operation frequency and absorption refrigerator output optimizing are sequentially carried out in a serial mode, and an optimizing result is output and an optimal operation mode is given according to the lowest power supply coal consumption as a guide: refrigerator output Q b Operating frequency f of air cooling fan b Power supply coal consumption b b 。
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The direct air cooling unit coupled steam refrigeration cooling operation optimization method is characterized by comprising a boiler (1), wherein a superheater steam output pipeline of the boiler (1) is connected with a high-pressure cylinder (2), a steam output pipeline of the high-pressure cylinder (2) is connected with a reheat steam pipeline of the boiler (1), the reheat steam pipeline of the boiler (1) is connected with a steam inlet pipeline of a medium-pressure cylinder (3), the steam output pipeline of the medium-pressure cylinder (3) is divided into two branches, one branch is connected to a low-pressure cylinder (4), the other branch is a power steam pipeline (15), and the power steam pipeline (15) is connected to an absorption refrigerator (12);
the steam output pipeline of the low-pressure cylinder (4) is provided with two paths of steam exhaust main pipes (20), the two paths of steam exhaust main pipes (20) are connected with the air cooling radiator (6), a cold water disc tube bundle (14) is arranged in front of the air cooling radiator (6), and a plurality of air cooling fans (7) are arranged in front of the cold water disc tube bundle (14);
a cooling water pipeline and a drainage pipeline are arranged in the absorption refrigerator (12), the water inlet end of the cooling water pipeline is connected with the water outlet end of the cold water coil pipe bundle (14) through a hot water main pipe (17), and the water outlet end of the cooling water pipeline is connected with the water inlet end of the cold water coil pipe bundle (14) through a cold water pipeline (16);
the optimization method comprises the following steps:
step1, determining boundary parameters in the running process of a direct air cooling unit and determining reference parameters in the optimizing process;
step2, calculating an optimal operation frequency value of the air cooling fan (7), wherein the optimal operation frequency value is a minimum frequency value of the operation of the air cooling fan (7), and determining a first minimum value of the power supply coal consumption through the optimal operation frequency value; the first minimum value of the power supply coal consumption is the power supply coal consumption when the refrigeration load of the absorption refrigerator (12) is the minimum safe and stable refrigeration load;
step3, taking the first minimum value of the power supply coal consumption as a unit power supply coal consumption standard, comparing the first minimum value with the actual power supply coal consumption, and taking the smaller value as the second minimum value of the power supply coal consumption; calculating the minimum refrigeration load of the absorption refrigerator (12) when the second minimum value is calculated, wherein the minimum refrigeration load is the optimal refrigeration load of the absorption refrigerator (12), and the optimal refrigeration load of the absorption refrigerator (12) is smaller than the rated refrigeration load;
and under the conditions of the optimal operation frequency value of the air cooling fan (7) and the optimal refrigeration load absorption refrigerator (12), the direct air cooling unit is operated.
2. The method for optimizing cooling operation of direct air cooling unit coupled steam refrigeration according to claim 1, wherein in step1, the boundary parameters include: ambient air temperature t a Output power N of generator (5) ge Minimum safe and stable operating frequency f of air cooling fan (7) min Rated refrigeration load Q of absorption refrigerator (12) d Minimum safe and stable refrigeration load Q of absorption refrigerator (12) d-min 。
3. The method for optimizing the cooling operation of the direct air cooling unit by coupling steam refrigeration according to claim 1, wherein in the step1, the reference parameters comprise the reference parameters of the operating frequency of the air cooling fan (7) and the reference parameters of the unit power supply coal consumption.
4. The optimization method for cooling operation by coupling steam refrigeration of a direct air cooling unit according to claim 3, wherein the reference parameter of the operation frequency of the air cooling fan (7) is the minimum safe and stable operation frequency f of the air cooling fan (7) min The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The reference parameter of the unit power supply coal consumption is unit power supply coal consumption b 0 The unit supplies power for coal consumption b 0 The method is characterized by comprising the steps of setting the running frequency of an air cooling fan (7), setting the running frequency to be 50Hz, and supplying power and coal consumption for a unit when the absorption refrigerator (12) is stopped.
5. The method for optimizing the cooling operation of the direct air cooling unit by coupling steam refrigeration according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of the step2 is as follows:
step 2.1, the refrigeration load of the absorption refrigerator (12) is set to be Q d-min When the unit stably operates, the unit power supply coal consumption b of the first stage is calculated and determined through the first stage measured value 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The Q is d-min The minimum safe and stable refrigeration load of the absorption refrigerator (12); the first stage measurement includes a first stage boiler efficiency η b1 Total heat rate HR of first stage turbine 1 And a first stage station service power rate eta 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The plant power consumption eta 1 For the total power consumption N comprising an air cooling fan (7) cy Take up the output power N of the generator ge Ratio of;
step 2.2, alignment b 1 And b 0 The b is 0 Reference parameters of coal consumption for supplying power to the unit, when b 1 Less than b 0 Executing step 2.3; otherwise, directly executing step 2.4 to b 0 As a first minimum value of the power supply coal consumption;
step 2.3, b 1 As a first minimum value of unit power supply coal consumption;
step 2.4, maintaining the refrigeration load of the absorption refrigerator (12) under the first minimum value, and reducing the operating frequency f of the air cooling fan (7) 1 ；
Step 2.5, judging f 1 Whether the minimum safe and stable operating frequency f of the air cooling fan (7) is smaller than or equal to min The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If the difference is larger than the preset value, repeating the steps 2.1 to 2.4 until f 1 Less than f min Outputting a first minimum value b of the unit power supply coal consumption at the moment 1 。
6. The method for optimizing cooling operation of direct air cooling unit coupled with steam refrigeration according to claim 5, wherein in step 2.4, the operating frequency f of the air cooling fan (7) is reduced every time 1 The formula of (2) is:
f 1 ＝f 0 -5Hz。
7. the method for optimizing the cooling operation of the direct air cooling unit coupled steam refrigeration according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of the step3 is as follows:
step 3.1, taking the optimal operation frequency value as an operation frequency value of the air-cooling machine (7), and taking a first minimum value of power supply coal consumption as a unit power supply coal consumption reference; let the refrigeration load of the absorption refrigerator (12) be Q 2 ＝Q 1 +0.1Q d The Q is d Design force value, Q, for absorption chiller (12) 1 For minimum safe and stable refrigeration load of the absorption refrigerator (12), when the unit is stable, the power supply coal consumption b of the second-stage unit is calculated through the second-stage measured value 2 ；
The second stage measurement includes a second stage boiler efficiency η b2 Total heat rate HR of second stage steam turbine 2 And a second stage station service power rate eta 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The plant power consumption eta 2 For the total power consumption N comprising an air cooling fan (7) cy Take up the output power N of the generator ge Ratio of;
step 3.2, comparing whether b is 2 Less than the first minimum value, if yes, executing step 3.3; otherwise, executing the step 3.4, and taking the first lowest value as a second lowest value;
step 3.3, let b 2 ＝b b,f Will b 2 As a second lowest value;
step 3.4, when the power supply coal consumption is at the second minimum value, the load Q of the absorption refrigerator (12) is set 3 ＝Q 2 +0.1Q d ；
Step 3.5, judging Q 3 Whether or not it is greater than Q d If yes, returning to the step2, repeating the step2 and the step3, and if no, ending the iteration.
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