CN115094942A - Large-diameter combined cylinder, deep water foundation, wind power foundation and static force sinking construction method - Google Patents
Large-diameter combined cylinder, deep water foundation, wind power foundation and static force sinking construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115094942A CN115094942A CN202210764647.6A CN202210764647A CN115094942A CN 115094942 A CN115094942 A CN 115094942A CN 202210764647 A CN202210764647 A CN 202210764647A CN 115094942 A CN115094942 A CN 115094942A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 137
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 215
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 215
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 196
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 31
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
- E02D27/42—Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys
- E02D27/425—Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys specially adapted for wind motors masts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
- E02D15/08—Sinking workpieces into water or soil inasmuch as not provided for elsewhere
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
- E02D27/52—Submerged foundations, i.e. submerged in open water
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
- E02D31/06—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution against corrosion by soil or water
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of maritime work, in particular to a large-diameter combined cylinder, a deepwater foundation, a wind power foundation and a static force sinking construction method. The application provides a major diameter combination section of thick bamboo solves the splash zone corrosion problem, utilizes the steel cylinder can adapt to more geological conditions simultaneously through a reinforced concrete section of thick bamboo. The combined cylinder combines the advantages that the upper reinforced concrete cylinder is heavy (because the concrete strength-weight ratio is small, and part of the concrete has dry volume weight above the water surface), and the lower steel cylinder sinks in underwater soil with small frictional resistance; the tension performance of the lower steel cylinder is better than that of the upper reinforced concrete cylinder, the filling material in the matched cylinder increases along with the increase of the depth and the lateral pressure, and the cylinder body has the characteristic of increasing the cylinder wall tension caused by the circumferential tension, and the structural performance is excellent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of maritime work, in particular to a large-diameter combined cylinder, a deep water foundation, a wind power foundation and a static force sinking construction method.
Background
The cylinder structure is widely used in the field of ocean engineering and can be divided into the following parts according to the materials: a steel cylinder and a reinforced concrete cylinder respectively have advantages and disadvantages under the condition of the requirement of the same major diameter (the maximum outer diameter is more than or equal to 16 m), and the advantages and disadvantages are as follows:
the steel cylinder has the advantages that: its weight than a reinforced concrete section of thick bamboo can be light a lot, and convenient transportation can adopt the vibration mode of sinking to sink the construction, and the technology is ripe, and the geological domain that is suitable for is wider than a reinforced concrete section of thick bamboo:
the steel cylinder has the following defects: in the ocean, severe corrosion problems are faced, especially in parts in a splash zone (near the water surface), measures such as an anti-corrosion coating, a sacrificial anode and the like have to be taken to prolong the service life, but the cost of the steel cylinder is increased, and the problem of uneconomic performance is caused; when the water depth is larger, the length of the steel cylinder is increased, the transverse rigidity of the steel cylinder is weakened, and the steel cylinder shakes violently under the action of surge, so that the construction is difficult.
The reinforced concrete cylinder has the advantages that: the corrosion resistance is good;
disadvantages of the reinforced concrete cylinder: because the concrete strength-to-weight ratio is far smaller than that of steel, the wall thickness of the reinforced concrete cylinder is much thicker than that of the steel cylinder under the same condition, so that the weight of the reinforced concrete cylinder is large and heavier than that of the steel cylinder, great challenges are brought to prefabrication, transportation, installation and construction, and ship-plane equipment capable of being matched is difficult to find when the diameter and the height of the reinforced concrete cylinder are large (when the diameter exceeds twenty meters, only one ship-plane equipment can be matched in the world at present, and the construction cost is very high); the wall thickness of the reinforced concrete cylinder is relatively thick, and the reinforced concrete cylinder is difficult to sink like a steel cylinder in a vibration mode, so that certain requirements are met on geology.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: aiming at the problem that a steel cylinder faces serious corrosion in a splash zone (near the water surface) in the ocean in the background technology, the large-diameter combined cylinder, the deep water foundation, the wind power foundation and the static force sinking construction method for the large-diameter combined cylinder are provided.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the utility model provides a major diameter combination section of thick bamboo, includes the barrel, and the barrel intussuseption is filled with the filler, and the barrel includes concrete cylinder and the steel cylinder that sets gradually along barrel length direction, and the concrete cylinder is located the top of steel cylinder, seals between concrete cylinder and the steel cylinder and sets up.
The utility model provides a major diameter combination section of thick bamboo, upper portion are a concrete section of thick bamboo, and the lower part is a steel section of thick bamboo, and when using, the steel section of thick bamboo is whole to be submerged under, and a part of a concrete section of thick bamboo is located above the surface of water, and another part is located below the surface of water, and the combination form that steel section of thick bamboo and concrete section of thick bamboo formed solves the unrestrained district corrosion problem through a concrete section of thick bamboo, utilizes the steel section of thick bamboo can adapt to more geological conditions simultaneously.
Meanwhile, the combined cylinder combines the advantages that the upper concrete cylinder is heavy (because the concrete strength-weight ratio is small and the part above the water surface is dry volume weight), and the lower steel cylinder sinks in underwater soil with small frictional resistance; the tension performance of the lower steel cylinder is better than that of the upper concrete cylinder, the side pressure of the filler in the matched cylinder is increased along with the increase of the depth, the cylinder wall tension is increased due to the circumferential tension of the cylinder body, and the structural performance is better.
Preferably, the length of the concrete cylinder along the length direction is H, and H is more than or equal to 7m and less than or equal to 30 m.
The concrete cylinder (32) is arranged along the length direction, namely the height direction.
Preferably, the maximum outer diameter of the steel cylinder is 20.5 m-R1-40 m.
Preferably, the wall thickness of the steel cylinder is T1, and T1 is more than or equal to 0.01m and less than or equal to 0.05 m.
The maximum outer diameter R1 of the steel cylinder is more than or equal to 20.5m, the wall thickness T1 is set to be more than or equal to 0.01m and less than or equal to T1 and less than or equal to 0.05m, the rigid steel cylinder can generate a 'cloth bag' effect, and the advantages of a large single pile (monopile) and a traditional gravity type breakwater (revetment) are combined:
the large single pile (monopile) is made of artificial materials such as concrete or steel, and the large-diameter combined cylinder is filled with more fillers such as silt and medium coarse sand, so that the large single pile is more environment-friendly and further saves cost;
because the filler of traditional gravity type breakwater (revetment) is free slump forming, so the inside filler that two-thirds can be practiced thrift to the major diameter combination section of thick bamboo of this application.
The filler can generate normal soil pressure on the wall of the steel cylinder.
As can be seen from the study of taking a micro-section on the wall of the steel cylinder, the normal soil pressure brings the tensile force along the circumferential direction on the wall of the steel cylinder due to the cloth bag effect generated by the steel cylinder, so that the internal filler and the cylinder form an integral effect, the tensile force brings extra cylinder rigidity (like a cloth bag filled with sand), and the structural rigidity and the integral stability of the steel cylinder are enhanced.
Preferably, the wall thickness of the concrete cylinder is T2, 10 ≦ T2/T1 ≦ 200.
Under the condition of the same external diameter specification, because concrete strength-to-weight ratio is little, so can reach the required wall thickness of a steel cylinder and be far less than the wall thickness of a concrete cylinder for the whole weight of major diameter combination section of thick bamboo of this application is lighter a lot than the reinforced concrete cylinder of the same external diameter specification, thereby can make more current prefabrication construction process and equipment satisfy its transportation and sink the construction.
Preferably, a transverse limiting device is arranged between the concrete cylinder and the steel cylinder and is used for limiting the horizontal transverse movement of the concrete cylinder relative to the steel cylinder.
Preferably, the lateral limiting device comprises a groove and a protrusion matched with the groove, the groove is arranged on one of the concrete cylinder and the steel cylinder, and the protrusion is arranged on the other one of the concrete cylinder and the steel cylinder to control the lateral movement of the concrete cylinder relative to the steel cylinder.
Preferably, the groove is filled with a flexible filling layer, and the flexible filling layer is filled on two sides of the protrusion.
Because in the construction, because construction error, the projecting part of the top of steel cylinder in inserting the recess can't cooperate with the recess is accurate completely, at this moment, the recess intussuseption is filled with flexible filling layer, can make and reach better sealed effect between concrete cylinder and the steel cylinder, simultaneously, because concrete cylinder is great with the general size of steel cylinder, at installation concrete cylinder and steel cylinder in-process, when recess and projecting part cooperation installation, can play the cushioning effect, impact and vibrations between with the steel cylinder in order to reduce concrete cylinder and the steel cylinder.
Preferably, the bottom of the concrete cylinder is connected with the steel cylinder. The concrete cylinder and the steel cylinder are convenient to integrally lift; secondly, as a concrete measure for limiting the lateral movement of the concrete cylinder relative to the steel cylinder.
Preferably, the bottom of the concrete cylinder is provided with an embedded part, the steel cylinder is connected with a connecting part, and the embedded part and the connecting part are detachably connected and/or welded.
Preferably, the lower part of the cylinder body is provided with a resistance reducing facility which is used for reducing resistance in the sinking process of the cylinder body.
Preferably, the drag reduction facility includes a high pressure water facility provided at a lower portion of the steel drum for reducing a sinking end resistance of the steel drum, which is used for breaking earth at the time of construction.
Preferably, the lower part of the steel cylinder is provided with an air curtain which is used for reducing the sinking side resistance of the steel cylinder.
The characteristic of weak 'soil squeezing effect' when the large-diameter wall of the steel cylinder is thin and sinks, so that the air curtain minimizes the disturbance of the soil body, namely only peripheral sandy soil or loose clay layers need to be discharged. After the barrel sinks in place, the strength of the soil body is recovered quickly, and the stability of the barrel body in the later period is facilitated.
Preferably, the top opening of the concrete cylinder is covered with a cap, the cap is in sealing fit with the concrete cylinder, and the cap is provided with an air exhaust hole.
In order to increase the sinking force, the open mouth at the top of the concrete cylinder is covered with a cover cap, so that a sealed cavity is formed inside the cylinder, an air exhaust hole is formed in the cover cap, the air exhaust hole is communicated with air exhaust equipment during use, the air exhaust equipment exhausts gas inside the cylinder through the air exhaust hole, negative pressure is formed in the cylinder, the sinking suction force is obtained, and the suction force and the gravity of the cylinder work in a cooperative manner to tend to enable the cylinder to sink.
Preferably, a concrete cushion is arranged on the top of the cylinder.
Preferably, the concrete cylinder comprises at least two vertically sequentially supported reinforced concrete cylinder units, and the adjacent reinforced concrete cylinder units are sealed.
Preferably, the maximum outer diameter of the upper portion of the concrete cylinder is smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the lower portion.
Preferably, the water-permeable barrel further comprises a water permeable hole, the lower part of the barrel body is connected with a bottom cover, and the water permeable hole penetrates through the bottom cover or the side wall of the lower part of the steel barrel.
If be under the water bottom surface when hard rock foundation, the water bottom surface is hardly inserted to the bottom of steel cylinder, under this condition, and the sub-unit connection of steel cylinder has the bottom, when a major diameter combination section of thick bamboo of this embodiment sinks the construction, the water in the barrel outside can get into in the barrel through the hole of permeating water to it is less to the construction influence of sinking of major diameter combination section of thick bamboo, and after the barrel internal packing material, the filler dead weight can exert pressure to the bottom, because the bottom with the lower part of steel cylinder is connected, thereby makes the pressure that the filler dead weight was applyed to the bottom can let the barrel have better stability.
Preferably, the steel cylinder is circular in cross-section.
Preferably, the side wall of the concrete cylinder is i-shaped along the axial section thereof for increasing the overall strength of the concrete cylinder.
Preferably, two ends of the concrete cylinder are arranged in an open mode.
Preferably, two ends of the steel cylinder are open.
The application also discloses a deepwater foundation which comprises the large-diameter combined cylinder, the concrete cylinder is partially positioned below the water surface, and the steel cylinder is completely positioned below the water surface.
Preferably, at least a part of the steel cylinder is inserted into the water bottom surface, wherein the water bottom surface is a river bed surface or a sea bed surface.
Preferably, the scour prevention structure is stacked on the outer side of the steel cylinder, and scour prevention crushed stones, geotextiles and the like can be selected.
The application also discloses a wind power foundation which comprises the large-diameter combined barrel as disclosed in the application or a deep water foundation as disclosed in the application, wherein a gravity type concrete plate is supported on the top of the barrel and used for installing wind power equipment.
The utility model provides a wind power foundation, include like the major diameter combination section of thick bamboo of this application, upper portion is a concrete section of thick bamboo, and the lower part is a steel cylinder, and when using, the steel cylinder is whole to be submerged under water, and a part of a concrete section of thick bamboo is located above the surface of water, and another part is located below the surface of water, and the combination form that steel cylinder and concrete section of thick bamboo formed solves the unrestrained district corrosion problem through a concrete section of thick bamboo, utilizes the steel cylinder can adapt to more geological conditions simultaneously. Meanwhile, the combined cylinder combines the advantages that the upper concrete cylinder is heavy (because the concrete strength-weight ratio is small and the part above the water surface is dry volume weight), and the lower steel cylinder sinks in underwater soil with small frictional resistance; the lower steel cylinder has better tension performance than the upper concrete cylinder, the filler in the matching cylinder increases along with the increase of the depth and the lateral pressure, the circumferential tension of the cylinder body causes the increase of the tension of the cylinder wall, the structural performance is better, and compared with the existing wind power foundation, the cost is greatly reduced.
The application also discloses a static force sinking construction method for the large-diameter combined cylinder, which comprises the following steps of:
s1, separately prefabricating a concrete cylinder and a steel cylinder, and respectively conveying the concrete cylinder and the steel cylinder to positions nearby an installation position;
s2, connecting the concrete cylinder to the upper part of the steel cylinder to form a cylinder body;
s3, integrally hoisting the cylinder to a mounting position;
s4, lowering the cylinder body to enable the cylinder body to sink to a designed elevation by means of self weight, wherein one part of the concrete cylinder is submerged into the water surface, and the whole steel cylinder is submerged into the water surface;
and S5, filling the filling material in the cylinder.
The utility model provides a static construction method that sinks for major diameter combination section of thick bamboo, with concrete section of thick bamboo and steel cylinder separately prefabricated, current whole prefabricated concrete section of thick bamboo or steel cylinder of comparing, the prefabricated specification of single reduces greatly, prefabricated degree of difficulty greatly reduced, and compare whole prefabricated reinforced concrete section of thick bamboo, greatly reduced is to conveying tool's requirement, and simultaneously, at the in-process that sinks, the combination section of thick bamboo has combined upper portion concrete section of thick bamboo weight greatly (because concrete weight ratio is little, and be dry volume weight above the partial surface of water), lower part steel cylinder sinks the advantage that frictional resistance is little in underwater soil, rely on the dead weight to sink to the design elevation, the installation targets in place, it sinks to compare whole prefabricated steel cylinder needs special vibrating device vibration, greatly reduced construction cost and construction degree of difficulty.
Preferably, the bottom of the steel cylinder is sunk into the water bottom surface.
Preferably, the lower part of the cylinder is provided with a high pressure water facility and an air curtain, and in the step S4, the high pressure water facility and the air curtain are opened during the sinking of the cylinder, the high pressure water facility is used for reducing the end resistance of the underwater soil to the cylinder, and the air curtain is used for reducing the side resistance of the underwater soil to the cylinder.
Preferably, the upper part of the cylinder is provided with a GPS and/or an inclinometer, and the inclination of the cylinder is adjusted using the GPS and/or the inclinometer, the high pressure water facility, and the air curtain in step S4.
Preferably, the filler includes sludge, and in step S5, the sludge is filled in the cylinder and at least a portion of the sludge is solidified to increase the stability and integrity of the large-diameter composite cylinder described herein.
Preferably, step S5 is followed by step S6: and after the barrel is settled stably, pouring a compensation concrete cushion layer on the top of the barrel to reach the designed elevation of the top of the barrel.
In conclusion, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the utility model provides a major diameter combination section of thick bamboo, upper portion are concrete cylinder, and the lower part is the steel cylinder, and when using, the steel cylinder is whole to be submerged under, and a part of concrete cylinder is located above the surface of water, and another part is located below the surface of water, and the combination form that steel cylinder and concrete cylinder formed solves the unrestrained district through the concrete cylinder and corrodes the problem, utilizes the steel cylinder can adapt to more geological conditions simultaneously.
Meanwhile, the combined cylinder combines the advantages that the upper concrete cylinder is heavy (because the concrete strength-weight ratio is small and the part above the water surface is dry volume weight), and the lower steel cylinder sinks in underwater soil with small frictional resistance; the lower steel cylinder has better tension performance than the upper concrete cylinder, the filler in the matched cylinder increases along with the increase of depth and the side pressure, and the cylinder has the characteristic of increasing the cylinder wall tension caused by the circumferential tension of the cylinder body, and has excellent structural performance.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic vertical sectional view of a large-diameter composite cylinder according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a vertical cross section of the structure of a cartridge of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic sectional view taken along line a-a of fig. 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the invention taken along line C-C of fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line D-D of fig. 3 of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view (exploded view) of fig. 3D-D of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is an enlarged schematic view of the portion B of fig. 2 according to the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic vertical cross-section of the structure of a cartridge of the present invention (provided with a cap).
FIG. 9 is a graph showing normal earth pressure on the wall of a steel cylinder generated by the filler of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a study of micro-segments on the wall of a steel cylinder according to the present invention.
Figure 11 is a schematic vertical section of the structure of a cartridge of the invention (provided with a concrete pad).
Fig. 12 is a schematic vertical cross-section of a deep water foundation of the present invention.
Figure 13 is a schematic view of the air curtain and high pressure water facility alignment barrel attitude of the present invention.
Fig. 14 is a schematic vertical cross-section of a wind power foundation of the present invention (a section of reinforced concrete cylinder 1, the lower part of the cylinder is inserted into the water bottom).
Fig. 15 is a schematic vertical cross-section of a wind power foundation of the present invention (a section of reinforced concrete cylinder 1, the lower part of the cylinder being located on the water bottom surface).
Fig. 16 is a schematic vertical cross-section of a wind power foundation of the present invention (at least 2 sections of reinforced concrete cylinder, the lower part of the steel cylinder is inserted into the water bottom).
Fig. 17 is a schematic vertical cross-section of a wind power foundation of the present invention (at least 2 sections of reinforced concrete cylinder, with the lower part of the cylinder located on the water bottom surface).
FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of prefabrication of a reinforced concrete cylinder in the static force sinking construction method of the invention.
FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of prefabrication of a steel cylinder in the static force sinking construction method of the invention.
FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram of the integral hoisting of a reinforced concrete cylinder and a steel cylinder in the static force sinking construction method of the present invention.
Fig. 21 is a schematic view illustrating the overall sinking of a reinforced concrete cylinder and a steel cylinder in a static force sinking construction method according to the present invention.
Fig. 22 is a schematic diagram of the whole sinking of the reinforced concrete cylinder and the steel cylinder to the designed elevation position in the static sinking construction method of the present invention.
FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram of the construction of the packing in a static force sinking construction method of the present invention.
Fig. 24 is a schematic diagram of barrel settlement in a static force settlement construction method of the present invention.
FIG. 25 is a schematic illustration of the placement of a compensating concrete pad in a static-sinking method of the invention.
Fig. 26 is a schematic view of the engagement of the barrel body and the breakwater according to the present invention.
Figure 27 is a force diagram illustrating the use of the cartridge of the present invention.
Fig. 28 is a dimensional schematic of the cartridge of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the large-diameter composite cylinder of the present embodiment includes a cylinder body 30, a filler 31 is filled in the cylinder body 30, the cylinder body 30 includes a concrete cylinder 32 and a steel cylinder 33 sequentially arranged along a length direction of the cylinder body 30, the concrete cylinder 32 is located above the steel cylinder 33, and a space between the concrete cylinder 32 and the steel cylinder 33 is sealed.
The utility model provides a major diameter combination section of thick bamboo, upper portion is a concrete section of thick bamboo 32, and the lower part is a steel section of thick bamboo 33, and when using, steel section of thick bamboo 33 is whole to be submerged under water, and a part of a concrete section of thick bamboo 32 is located above the surface of water 37, and another part is located below the surface of water 37, and the combination form that steel section of thick bamboo 33 and concrete section of thick bamboo 32 formed solves the splash zone corrosion problem through concrete section of thick bamboo 32, utilizes steel section of thick bamboo 33 can adapt to more geological conditions simultaneously.
Meanwhile, the combined cylinder combines the advantages that the upper concrete cylinder 32 is heavy because the concrete strength-weight ratio is small, part of the water surface above 37 is dry volume weight, and the lower steel cylinder 33 sinks in underwater soil with small frictional resistance; the tension performance of the lower steel cylinder 33 is better than that of the upper concrete cylinder 32, the lateral pressure of the filler 31 in the matching cylinder is increased along with the increase of the depth, and the tensile force of the cylinder wall is increased due to the circumferential tension of the cylinder body 30, so that the structure performance is excellent.
The two ends of the concrete cylinder 32 are open, and the two ends of the steel cylinder 33 are also open.
The concrete cylinder 32 is preferably a reinforced concrete cylinder.
According to the difference of the wave height of the water surface 37, the length of the concrete cylinder 32 along the length direction is H, H is more than or equal to 7m and less than or equal to 30m, so that the concrete cylinder can meet the requirement that the height direction is from +2 to +12m above the water surface 37 to-15 to-5 m below the water surface 37, and the large-diameter combined cylinder can be widely used in the ocean.
The side wall of the concrete cylinder 32 is i-shaped along the axial section thereof for increasing the overall strength of the concrete cylinder 32.
As shown in FIG. 28, in addition to the above, it is more preferable that the maximum outer diameter of the steel cylinder 33 is 20.5m R1 m 40 m. The wall thickness of the steel cylinder 33 is T1, and T1 is more than or equal to 0.01m and less than or equal to 0.05 m.
Repeated experiments show that the maximum outer diameter R1 of the steel cylinder 33 is more than or equal to 20.5m, the wall thickness T1 is only more than or equal to 0.01m and less than or equal to T1 and less than or equal to 0.05m, so that the steel cylinder 33 can generate a 'cloth bag' effect, and the advantages of large single-pile monopiles and the conventional gravity type breakwater revetment are combined:
the large single-pile monopile is made of artificial materials such as concrete or steel, the steel cylinder 33 of the large-diameter combined cylinder is filled with more fillers 31 such as silt and medium-coarse sand, and therefore the large single-pile monopile is more environment-friendly and saves cost;
because traditional gravity type breakwater revetment's filler is free slump shaping, so the major diameter combination section of thick bamboo of this application can practice thrift the inside filler that exceeds two-thirds.
Meanwhile, as shown in fig. 9, the filler 31 generates normal earth pressure on the wall of the steel cylinder 33.
As shown in FIG. 10, a microsegment study on the wall of the steel cylinder 33 shows that the normal earth pressure brings a pulling force on the wall of the steel cylinder 33 along the circumferential direction due to the cloth bag effect generated by the steel cylinder 33, so that the internal filler and the cylinder form an integral effect, and the pulling force brings extra cylinder rigidity as a cloth bag filled with sand, thereby enhancing the structural rigidity and the integral stability of the steel cylinder 33.
The concrete cylinder 32 is preferably a cylinder made of reinforced concrete, and the cross section thereof may be circular, oval, square, polygonal, etc., or may be constant, or variable in the longitudinal direction thereof.
The steel cylinder 33 preferably has a circular, oval, square, or polygonal cross section, and may have a constant or variable cross section in the longitudinal direction.
The steel cylinder 33 is disposed coaxially with the concrete cylinder 32.
On the basis, in a further preferable mode, the wall thickness of the concrete cylinder 32 is T2, T2/T1 is not more than 10 and not more than 200, and under the condition of the same outer diameter specification, because the wall thickness required by the steel cylinder 33 is far smaller than that of the concrete cylinder 32, the whole weight of the large-diameter combined cylinder is much lighter than that of a reinforced concrete cylinder with the same outer diameter specification, so that more existing prefabrication construction processes and equipment can meet the requirements of transportation and sinking construction.
As shown in fig. 3 to 6, in a further preferred mode, a lateral limiting device is arranged between the concrete cylinder 32 and the steel cylinder 33, and the lateral limiting device is used for limiting the horizontal transverse movement of the concrete cylinder 32 relative to the steel cylinder 33.
Specifically, the lateral limiting device comprises a groove 322 and a protrusion 332 matched with the groove 322, the groove 322 is arranged on one of the concrete cylinder 32 and the steel cylinder 33, and the protrusion 332 is arranged on the other of the concrete cylinder 32 and the steel cylinder 33 to control the lateral movement of the concrete cylinder 32 relative to the steel cylinder 33.
Specifically, the groove 322 is disposed at the bottom of the concrete cylinder 32, and the protrusion 332 is disposed at the top of the steel cylinder 33.
Specifically, the groove 322 is circumferentially arranged one circle along the wall of the concrete cylinder 32, and the protrusion 332 is circumferentially arranged one circle along the wall of the steel cylinder 33, so that the groove 322 and the protrusion 332 cooperate to realize the sealing arrangement between the concrete cylinder 32 and the steel cylinder 33.
In addition to the above, it is further preferable that the concave groove 322 is filled with the flexible filling layer 323, and the flexible filling layer 323 is filled in both sides of the convex portion 332.
Because in the construction, because construction error, the projecting part 332 in the recess 322 is inserted at the top of steel cylinder 33 can't cooperate with the recess 322 is accurate completely, at this moment, the recess 322 intussuseption is filled with flexible filling layer 323, can make and reach better sealed effect between concrete cylinder 32 and the steel cylinder 33, and simultaneously, because concrete cylinder 32 is great with the general size of steel cylinder 33, at installation concrete cylinder 32 and steel cylinder 33 in-process, when recess 322 and the cooperation installation of projecting part 332, can play the cushioning effect, impact and vibrations between order to reduce concrete cylinder 32 and the steel cylinder 33.
Specifically, the flexible filler layer 323 includes asphalt, rubber, or the like.
In addition to the above, it is further preferable that the bottom of the concrete cylinder 32 is connected to the steel cylinder 33. The concrete cylinder 32 is connected with the steel cylinder 33, so that the concrete cylinder 32 and the steel cylinder 33 can be conveniently and integrally lifted; secondly, as a specific measure for limiting the lateral movement of the concrete cylinder 32 relative to the steel cylinder 33.
Specifically, the bottom of the concrete cylinder 32 is provided with an embedded part 324, the steel cylinder 33 is connected with a connecting part 333, and the embedded part 324 and the connecting part 333 are detachably connected and/or welded.
Specifically, the embedded part 324 and the connecting part 333 are connected by bolts, and the outer circles thereof are welded to each other
Specifically, a reinforcing rib 334 is connected between the connecting member 333 and the steel cylinder 33.
Specifically, the embedded part 324 is arranged in a circle along the circumferential direction of the cylinder wall of the concrete cylinder 32, and the connecting part 333 is arranged in a circle along the circumferential direction of the cylinder wall of the steel cylinder 33, so that the embedded part 324 and the connecting part 333 can be connected to realize the closed arrangement between the concrete cylinder 32 and the steel cylinder 33.
As shown in fig. 7, in a further preferable mode based on the above, a drag reduction facility is provided at the lower part of the cylinder 30, and the drag reduction facility is used for reducing drag during the sinking process of the cylinder 30.
Specifically, the drag reduction facility comprises a high-pressure water facility 34, the high-pressure water facility 34 is arranged at the lower part of the steel cylinder 33, the high-pressure water facility 34 is used for reducing the sinking end resistance of the steel cylinder 33, and the high-pressure water facility 34 is preferably a high-pressure water gun.
Specifically, the lower portion of the steel cylinder 33 is provided with an air curtain 35, and the air curtain 35 is used for reducing the sinking side resistance of the steel cylinder 33.
During the sinking of the barrel 30, the high pressure water facility 34 and the air curtain 35 are opened, the high pressure water facility 34 is used for reducing the end resistance of the underwater soil to the barrel 30, and the air curtain 35 is used for reducing the side resistance of the underwater soil to the barrel 30.
Further, a GPS and/or an inclinometer is installed on the upper part of the cylinder 30, and the inclination of the cylinder 30 is adjusted by using the GPS and/or the inclinometer, the high pressure water facility 34 and the air curtain 35.
For example: as shown in fig. 13, when the barrel 30 is inclined to the right during sinking, the pressure of the left high-pressure water facility 34 and the air curtain 35 is increased, or the pressure of the right high-pressure water facility 34 and the air curtain 35 is decreased, and the sinking posture of the barrel 30 can be dynamically adjusted by adjusting the pressure released by the drag reduction facilities at different positions of the barrel bottom and combining monitoring data feedback of a clinometer or a GPS of the barrel 30.
As shown in fig. 11, in addition to the above, it is further preferable that a concrete pad 38 is provided on the top of the cylinder 30.
On the basis, in a further preferable mode, the concrete cylinder 32 includes at least two reinforced concrete cylinder units 321 vertically and sequentially supported, and adjacent reinforced concrete cylinder units 321 are arranged in a closed manner.
In addition, in a more preferable mode, the maximum outer diameter of the upper portion of the concrete cylinder 32 is smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the lower portion.
The beneficial effects of this embodiment: the utility model provides a major diameter combination section of thick bamboo, upper portion is a concrete section of thick bamboo 32, and the lower part is a steel section of thick bamboo 33, and when using, steel section of thick bamboo 33 is whole to be submerged under water, and a part of a concrete section of thick bamboo 32 is located above the surface of water 37, and another part is located below the surface of water 37, and the combination form that steel section of thick bamboo 33 and concrete section of thick bamboo 32 formed solves the splash zone corrosion problem through concrete section of thick bamboo 32, utilizes steel section of thick bamboo 33 can adapt to more geological conditions simultaneously.
Meanwhile, the combined cylinder combines the advantages that the upper concrete cylinder 32 is heavy because the concrete strength-weight ratio is small, part of the water surface above 37 is dry volume weight, and the lower steel cylinder 33 sinks in underwater soil with small frictional resistance; the tension performance of the lower steel cylinder 33 is better than that of the upper concrete cylinder 32, the filling material 31 in the matching cylinder increases along with the increasing side pressure of the depth, the circumferential tension of the cylinder body 30 causes the increase of the cylinder wall tension, and the structure performance is excellent.
A combination of an upper concrete cylinder and a lower steel cylinder is used. The concrete cylinder is positioned in the water level region and the water level change region (namely the splash region), and part of functions of the concrete cylinder positioned in the water level region are used as a bearing platform of the upper structure. The steel cylinders are located in the submerged area (i.e., below the water surface 37) and the soil-entry area (i.e., below the water bottom surface 39), which also serves as a construction sinking structure.
The steel cylinder 33 and the concrete cylinder 32 are permanently connected by the groove provided in the concrete cylinder 32 and its own weight (since the concrete cylinder 32 is on top and gravity is down).
The system rigidity comes from the combination of concrete and steel structures, and the geometric rigidity brought by the lateral soil pressure of the internal filling material.
Construction is convenient, and construction cost is little. Because the concrete cylinder 32 provides its own weight, its vertical i-section enhances the stiffness of the system during construction (which is particularly important for construction under open sea long-cycle waves). The steel cylinder 33 has thin wall and large diameter (the wall diameter is smaller than t/D (diameter ratio) of any existing structure), so that the soil squeezing effect existing at the end part of other piles or open caisson can be avoided when the steel cylinder sinks. And the lateral soil friction force between the steel wall and the soil layer is smaller than that of the concrete wall when the steel wall sinks. In conclusion, the cost of auxiliary sinking construction measures can be reduced to the minimum.
The soil disturbance can be optimized, the strength of the soil body after sinking is recovered quickly, and the cylinder can obtain higher stability in the open sea environment.
According to the scheme, the advantages of a steel structure and the advantages of a concrete structure are combined from the material use angle, the problems of corrosion of a water level fluctuation area and a splash area are serious, the corrosion resistance of the concrete structure is good, and the concrete cylinder is arranged in a height interval covering the range. The filling material in the cylinder increases along with the increase of the depth and the lateral pressure, the circumferential tension of the cylinder body causes the increase of the tension of the cylinder wall, and the steel structure is arranged at the lower part. The structure has excellent performance.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 8, the large-diameter composite cylinder of this embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that a cap 36 is covered on the top opening of the concrete cylinder 32, the cap 36 is in sealing engagement with the concrete cylinder 32, and the cap 36 is provided with a suction hole 361.
In order to increase the sinking force, the opening at the top of the concrete cylinder 32 is covered with the cover cap 36, so that a sealed cavity is formed inside the cylinder 30, the cover cap 36 is provided with the air exhaust hole 361, when the concrete cylinder is used, the air exhaust hole 361 is communicated with air exhaust equipment, the air exhaust equipment exhausts the air inside the cylinder 30 through the air exhaust hole 361, negative pressure is formed in the cylinder, the sinking suction force is obtained, and the suction force and the gravity of the cylinder 30 work in a cooperative mode to tend to enable the cylinder 30 to sink.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 11, a large-diameter composite cylinder of this embodiment is different from embodiment 1 or 2 in that it further includes water permeable holes, a bottom cover 311 is connected to a lower portion of the cylinder body 30, and the water permeable holes penetrate through the bottom cover 311 or a side wall of a lower portion of the steel cylinder 33.
Specifically, the water permeable hole is formed in the bottom cover 311 in a penetrating manner.
Specifically, the water permeable holes are arranged on the side wall of the lower part of the steel cylinder 33 in a penetrating manner.
If the water bottom surface 39 is a hard rock foundation, the bottom of the steel cylinder 33 is difficult to insert into the water bottom surface 39, and in this case, the lower part of the steel cylinder 33 is connected with the bottom cover 311, in the sinking construction of the large-diameter combined cylinder of the present embodiment, water outside the cylinder 30 can enter the cylinder 30 through the water permeable holes, so that the sinking construction of the large-diameter combined cylinder is less affected, and after the cylinder 30 is filled with the filler 31, the weight of the filler can apply pressure to the bottom cover 311, and because the bottom cover 311 is connected with the lower part of the steel cylinder 33, the pressure applied to the bottom cover 311 by the weight of the filler can enable the cylinder 30 to have better stability.
Example 4
As shown in fig. 1 to 11, the large-diameter composite cylinder of this embodiment is different from those of embodiment 1, 2 or 3 in that it includes a concrete cylinder 32, a steel cylinder 33, an internal slot, a temporary bolt, an overhead welding, and the like. The cylinder 30 is composed of a concrete cylinder 32 and a steel cylinder 33. The permanent stage is connected with the built-in slot 3 at the bottom of the concrete cylinder 32. The concrete cylinder 32 and the steel cylinder 33 are bolted or overhead welded in consideration of the hoisting construction.
As shown in fig. 26, if it is desired to prevent waves from passing between the two concrete cylinders 32, the breakwater 4 can be used, and the breakwater 4 can increase the lateral rigidity of the concrete cylinders 32.
One preferred way is to: the reinforced concrete cylinder 1 adopts an I-shaped section, and the height direction of the cylinder is from +2 to +12m above the water surface to-15 to-5 m below the water surface. The wall thickness of the web plate is 0.5-1.5 m, the width of the wing plate is 1.5-3 m, and the thickness of the wing plate is 0.5-2.0 m. The wall thickness of the steel cylinder is 1-5 cm, and the thickness is from-15 to-5 m below the water surface to 15m below the surface of the sea bed or the surface of the sea bed.
Example 5
As shown in fig. 12, this embodiment discloses a deep water foundation comprising a large diameter composite cylinder as in embodiment 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, a concrete cylinder 32 partially below the water surface 37, and a steel cylinder 33 fully below the water surface 37.
In addition to the above, as shown in fig. 11, it is further preferable that at least a part of the steel cylinder 33 is inserted into a water bottom surface 39, wherein the water bottom surface 39 is a river bed surface or a sea bed surface.
In the above-described embodiment, as shown in fig. 27, when waves or sea wind are applied to the upper side of the cylinder 30, an external load F is applied to the upper side Outer cover The soil body at the lower part of the water bottom surface can apply an external load F to the cylinder 30 Outer cover Opposite passive earth pressure F Quilt Thereby making the size of the present embodiment largeThe integral dead weight of the diameter combination cylinder can provide an external load F Outer cover Is sufficient without the need to provide for external loads F Outer cover The resistance requirement of the large-diameter combined cylinder can be effectively reduced under the relative stress requirement.
Specifically, during use, the gravity of the barrel 30 accounts for about 80% of the resisting capacity, and the passive earth pressure F Quilt About 20% of the resistance.
In addition to the above, it is more preferable that the erosion prevention structure 310 is stacked outside the steel cylinder 33.
Example 6
The large-diameter composite barrel of embodiment 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, or the deep water foundation of embodiment 5, can be used for wind power foundation, ship foundation, water monomer foundation, water launching platform foundation, water oil storage facility foundation, water oil production platform foundation, etc., wherein the wind power foundation is taken as an example:
as shown in fig. 14 to 17, the present embodiment further discloses a wind power foundation, which includes a large diameter composite barrel according to embodiment 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, or a deep water foundation according to embodiment 5, wherein a gravity type concrete slab 71 is supported and arranged on the top of the barrel 30, and the gravity type concrete slab 71 is used for installing the wind power equipment 7.
As shown in fig. 14, the concrete cylinder 32 is partially located below the water surface 37, the steel cylinder 33 is entirely located below the water surface 37, a part of the steel cylinder 33 is inserted into the water bottom surface 39, a gravity type concrete slab 71 is supported and arranged on the top of the concrete cylinder 32, and the wind power equipment 7, specifically, a wind power generator is mounted on the gravity type concrete slab 71, in this case, the concrete cylinder 32 may be a cylinder with an equal diameter or a frustum cylinder with a small top and a large bottom.
Further, as shown in fig. 15, the concrete cylinder 32 includes at least two reinforced concrete cylinder units 321 supported in sequence vertically, and adjacent reinforced concrete cylinder units 321 are disposed in a closed manner, wherein the maximum outer diameter of the upper portion of at least one concrete cylinder 32 is smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the lower portion.
As shown in fig. 16, if the water bottom surface 39 is a hard rock foundation, the concrete cylinder 32 is partially located below the water surface 37, the steel cylinder 33 is entirely located below the water surface 37, the bottom of the steel cylinder 33 is located below the water bottom surface 39, the bottom of the steel cylinder 33 is hermetically connected with the bottom cover 311 to prevent the filler 31 from leaking out of the bottom of the steel cylinder 33, the gravity type concrete plate 71 is supported on the top of the concrete cylinder 32, and the wind power equipment 7, specifically, a wind power generator is mounted on the gravity type concrete plate 71.
As further shown in fig. 17, the concrete cylinder 32 includes at least two reinforced concrete cylinder units 321 supported in sequence in the vertical direction, and the adjacent reinforced concrete cylinder units 321 are disposed in a closed manner, wherein the maximum outer diameter of the upper part of at least one concrete cylinder 32 is smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the lower part. The water bottom surface 39 refers to a river bed surface or a sea bed surface.
Example 7
As shown in fig. 18 to 25, the present embodiment discloses a static force sinking construction method for the large diameter composite barrel of embodiment 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, or the large diameter composite barrel of embodiment 5 in the deep water foundation, or the large diameter composite barrel of embodiment 6 in the wind power foundation, comprising the following steps:
s1, as shown in figures 18 and 19, a concrete cylinder 32 and a steel cylinder 33 are prefabricated separately and are respectively conveyed to the positions near the installation position;
s2, connecting a concrete cylinder 32 above a steel cylinder 33 to form a cylinder body 30;
s3, integrally hoisting the cylinder 30 to a mounting position;
s4, lowering the cylinder 30 to enable the cylinder 30 to sink to a designed elevation by means of self weight, wherein one part of the concrete cylinder 32 sinks into the water surface 37, and the steel cylinder 33 sinks into the water surface 37 completely;
s5, filling the filler 31 in the cylinder 30.
S6, after the barrel 30 is settled stably, a compensation concrete cushion 38 is poured on the top of the barrel 30 until the designed elevation of the top of the barrel 30 is reached.
The utility model provides a static construction method that sinks for major diameter combination section of thick bamboo, separately prefabricated concrete cylinder 32 and steel cylinder 33, current whole prefabricated reinforced concrete cylinder or steel cylinder of comparison, the prefabricated specification of single greatly reduced, prefabricated degree of difficulty greatly reduced, and compare whole prefabricated reinforced concrete cylinder, greatly reduced is to conveying tool's requirement, and simultaneously, at the in-process that sinks, the combination section of thick bamboo has combined upper portion concrete cylinder 32 weight greatly because concrete weight ratio is little, and be dry unit weight more than partial surface of water 37, lower part steel cylinder 33 sinks the advantage that frictional resistance is little in the soil under water, can sink to the design elevation by relying on the dead weight, the installation targets in place, compare whole prefabricated steel cylinder and need special vibrating equipment vibration to sink, greatly reduced construction cost and construction degree of difficulty.
In addition, in a more preferable mode, the bottom of the steel cylinder 33 sinks into the water bottom surface 39.
In addition to the above, it is further preferable that the high pressure water means 34 and the air curtain 35 are provided at the lower part of the cylinder 30, and in step S4, the high pressure water means 34 and the air curtain 35 are opened during the sinking of the cylinder 30, the high pressure water means 34 is used to reduce the end resistance of the underwater soil to the cylinder 30, and the air curtain 35 is used to reduce the side resistance of the underwater soil to the cylinder 30.
In addition to the above, it is further preferable that a GPS and/or an inclinometer is provided on the upper part of the cylinder 30, and the inclination of the cylinder 30 is adjusted by the GPS and/or the inclinometer, the high pressure water facility 34, and the air curtain 35 in step S4.
On the basis of the above, it is further preferable that the filler 31 includes sludge, and in step S5, the barrel 30 is filled with sludge, and at least a part of the sludge is solidified to increase the stability and integrity of the large-diameter composite cylinder described in the present application.
A better static force sinking construction method in the static force sinking construction method of the embodiment is shown as follows:
after prefabrication of the concrete cylinder 32 on the land or on a prefabricating factory production line is completed, the concrete cylinder is transported to the site through a semi-submersible barge and spliced with the steel cylinder 33 on the site. Hoisting and sinking the whole body;
when the barrel 30 sinks, part of the gravity of the barrel 30 is used for balancing with the lifting force, and the effect of passively controlling the inclination of the barrel 30 is achieved. Then, the end resistance and the side resistance of the soil during the sinking construction of the cylinder 30 are reduced by the high-pressure water facilities 34 and the air curtain 35 arranged at intervals at the cylinder bottom. The high-pressure water facilities 34 and the air curtains 35 are arranged at least 4 groups at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the cylinder 30, wherein the high-pressure water facilities 34 are preferably high-pressure water guns.
In the sinking process, the inclination of the cylinder is actively controlled to be 0.2-2% by regulating and controlling the pressure of part of the high-pressure water facilities 34 and the air curtain 35.
In order to increase the sinking force, if necessary, the upper part of the barrel 30 is provided with an airtight cap 36, a closed cavity is formed in the barrel, the cap 36 is provided with an air exhaust hole 361 and an air exhaust pipe, negative pressure is formed in the barrel, sinking suction force is obtained, and the suction force and gravity work cooperatively to tend to sink the barrel 30. The principle of the barrel 30 as and after sinking is given by the following equation:
–L+Gc+Gs–Bc–Bs+S–T–F＝0
the above formula L: lifting force, Gc: concrete cylinder 32 gravity, Gs: steel cylinder 33 gravity, Bc: concrete cylinder 32 buoyancy, Bs: steel cylinder 33 buoyancy, S: suction force, if necessary, T: the resistance of the steel cylinder 33 end depends on the stratum soil property parameters and the high-pressure water resistance-reducing effect, F: the amount of sidewall drag of the steel cylinder 33 depends on the backfill friction angle and height, and the drag reduction effect of the earthen formation and air curtain 35 outside the cylinder 30.
The gravity of the cylinder 30 is G, which is Gc + Gs; the buoyancy of the cylinder 30 is B, B ═ Bc + Bs.
After the combined cylinder 30 sinks to the designed level, the high-pressure water facility 34 and the air curtain 35 are stopped. The barrel sinking attitude control is controlled by combining methods of pressure regulation of the high-pressure water facilities 34 and the air curtain 35 at different positions, setting a GPS + inclinometer at the top of the barrel and the like. After completion, the drum is filled with sand or a portion of sand, and optionally shaken off (sand height and shaking off necessity depend on the open sea load), or the inside of the drum 30 is filled with sludge and partially solidified (solidification necessity depends on the open sea load).
The static force sinking construction method of the embodiment comprises the following steps: for static force sinking, the large-diameter combined cylinder combines the advantages of large weight of an upper concrete cylinder (because the strength-weight ratio of concrete is small, and part of dry volume weight is above water surface) and small sinking friction resistance in lower steel cylinder soil; the tension performance of the lower steel structure is better than that of the upper concrete, the lateral pressure of the filling soil body in the matched cylinder is increased along with the increase of the depth, the circumferential tension of the cylinder causes the increase of the tension of the cylinder wall, and the structural performance is excellent; in the permanent stage, the tensile force brings extra cylinder rigidity (like a cloth bag filled with sand), and the structural rigidity and the overall stability of the cylinder are enhanced.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (30)
1. The utility model provides a major diameter combination section of thick bamboo, its characterized in that includes barrel (30), and barrel (30) intussuseption is filled with filler (31), and barrel (30) include concrete section of thick bamboo (32) and steel cylinder (33) that set gradually along barrel (30) length direction, and concrete section of thick bamboo (32) are located the top of steel cylinder (33), seals between concrete section of thick bamboo (32) and steel cylinder (33) and sets up.
2. A modular drum as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the length of the concrete drum (32) in its length direction is H, 7m H30 m.
3. A large diameter composite cylinder according to claim 1, wherein the maximum outer diameter of the steel cylinder (33) is 20.5m R1 m 40 m.
4. A large diameter composite cylinder according to claim 3, characterized in that the wall thickness of the steel cylinder (33) is T1, T1 m 0.01m 0.05 m.
5. A large diameter composite cylinder according to claim 4, characterized in that the wall thickness of the concrete cylinder (32) is T2, 10. ltoreq. T2/T1. ltoreq.200.
6. A large diameter composite drum as claimed in claim 1, wherein a lateral limiting means is provided between the concrete drum (32) and the steel drum (33) for limiting the horizontal traverse of the concrete drum (32) relative to the steel drum (33).
7. A large diameter composite cylinder according to claim 6, wherein the lateral limiting means comprises a groove (322) and a protrusion (332) cooperating with the groove (322), the groove (322) being provided on one of the concrete cylinder (32) and the steel cylinder (33), and the protrusion (332) being provided on the other of the concrete cylinder (32) and the steel cylinder (33).
8. A large-diameter composite cylinder according to claim 7, wherein the groove (322) is filled with a flexible filling layer (323).
9. A large diameter composite cylinder according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the concrete cylinder (32) is connected to the steel cylinder (33).
10. The large-diameter combined cylinder as claimed in claim 9, wherein the concrete cylinder (32) is provided with an embedded part (324) at the bottom, the steel cylinder (33) is connected with a connecting part (333), and the embedded part (324) is detachably connected and/or welded with the connecting part (333).
11. A large-diameter composite barrel according to claim 1, wherein a drag reduction means is provided at a lower portion of the barrel body (30) for reducing drag during the sinking of the barrel body (30).
12. A large-diameter composite barrel according to claim 11, wherein the drag reduction means comprises a high-pressure water means (34), the high-pressure water means (34) being provided at a lower portion of the steel barrel (33), the high-pressure water means (34) being provided for reducing the sinking end drag of the steel barrel (33).
13. A large diameter cartridge as claimed in claim 11, wherein the lower part of the steel cartridge (33) is provided with an air curtain (35), and the air curtain (35) is used for reducing the sinking side resistance of the steel cartridge (33).
14. A large diameter composite cylinder as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the concrete cylinder (32) is covered with a cap (36) at the open top, the cap (36) is sealingly engaged with the concrete cylinder (32), and the cap (36) is provided with a suction hole (361).
15. A large diameter composite drum according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that a concrete cushion (38) is provided on top of the drum body (30).
16. A large diameter composite cylinder according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the concrete cylinder (32) comprises at least two vertically sequentially supported reinforced concrete cylinder units (321), and adjacent reinforced concrete cylinder units (321) are closely arranged.
17. A large diameter composite cylinder according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the maximum outer diameter of the upper part of the concrete cylinder (32) is smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the lower part.
18. A large-diameter composite cylinder according to any one of claims 1 to 13, further comprising water-permeable holes, wherein a bottom cover (311) is connected to the lower portion of the cylinder body (30), and the water-permeable holes penetrate through the bottom cover (311) or the side wall of the lower portion of the steel cylinder (33).
19. A large diameter composite cylinder according to claim 1, wherein the steel cylinder (33) is circular in cross-section;
and/or the presence of a gas in the atmosphere,
the side wall of the concrete cylinder (32) is I-shaped along the axial section.
20. A large diameter composite cartridge according to claim 1,
two ends of the concrete cylinder (32) are opened;
and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the two ends of the steel cylinder (33) are arranged in an open mode.
21. A deep water foundation comprising a large diameter composite cylinder according to any one of claims 1 to 20, the concrete cylinder (32) being located partially below the water surface (37) and the steel cylinder (33) being located entirely below the water surface (37).
22. Deep water foundation according to claim 21, characterised in that at least a part of the steel cylinder (33) is inserted into the water bottom surface (39).
23. A foundation according to claim 21 or 22, wherein the steel cylinder (33) is externally stacked with anti-scour structures (310).
24. A wind power foundation comprising a large diameter composite barrel according to any one of claims 1 to 20 or a deep water foundation according to any one of claims 21 to 23, the top of the barrel (30) being supported by a gravity concrete slab (71), the gravity concrete slab (71) being used for mounting wind power equipment (7).
25. A static force sinking construction method for a large-diameter combined cylinder of any one of claims 1 to 20, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, a concrete cylinder (32) and a steel cylinder (33) are prefabricated separately and are respectively conveyed to the positions close to an installation position;
s2, connecting a concrete cylinder (32) to the upper part of the steel cylinder (33) to form a cylinder body (30);
s3, integrally hoisting the cylinder body (30) to a mounting position;
s4, lowering the cylinder body (30) to enable the cylinder body (30) to sink to a designed elevation by means of self weight, wherein one part of the concrete cylinder (32) sinks into the water surface (37), and the steel cylinder (33) sinks into the water surface (37) completely;
s5, filling a filler (31) in the cylinder (30).
26. A static sinking construction method according to claim 25 wherein in step S4 the bottom of the steel drum (33) is sunk to the water bottom surface (39).
27. A static force sinking construction method according to claim 25 wherein the lower part of the barrel (30) is provided with a high pressure water means (34) and an air curtain (35), and in step S4, the high pressure water means (34) and the air curtain (35) are opened during sinking of the barrel (30), the high pressure water means (34) is used for reducing the end resistance of the underwater soil to the barrel (30), and the air curtain (35) is used for reducing the side resistance of the underwater soil to the barrel (30).
28. A static force sinking construction method according to claim 27 wherein the upper part of the barrel (30) is provided with a GPS and/or inclinometer and in step S4 the inclination of the barrel (30) is adjusted using the GPS and/or inclinometer, high pressure water means (34) and air curtain (35).
29. A static sinking construction method according to claim 25 wherein the filler (31) comprises sludge, and wherein the barrel (30) is filled with sludge and at least part of the sludge is solidified in step S5.
30. A static force sinking construction method according to claim 25 further comprising step S6 after step S5: and after the barrel (30) is settled and stabilized, pouring a compensation concrete cushion layer (38) on the top of the barrel (30) to the designed elevation of the top of the barrel (30).
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| CN117758784A (en) * | 2023-12-28 | 2024-03-26 | 江苏科技大学 | Suction cylinder penetration installation method and application thereof |
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