CN114855865B - Tensioning type fan foundation anchored on rock-based seabed and arrangement method - Google Patents
Tensioning type fan foundation anchored on rock-based seabed and arrangement method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114855865B CN114855865B CN202210556599.1A CN202210556599A CN114855865B CN 114855865 B CN114855865 B CN 114855865B CN 202210556599 A CN202210556599 A CN 202210556599A CN 114855865 B CN114855865 B CN 114855865B
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
- E02D27/42—Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys
- E02D27/425—Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys specially adapted for wind motors masts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
- E02D27/44—Foundations for machines, engines or ordnance
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
- E02D27/52—Submerged foundations, i.e. submerged in open water
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/727—Offshore wind turbines
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a tensioning type fan foundation anchored on a rock-based seabed and an arrangement method, wherein the tensioning type fan foundation comprises an anchoring system, an anchoring cable, a semi-submersible module, a fan tower and a wind turbine generator; the upper end of the anchoring system is connected with an anchoring cable, and the lower end of the anchoring system is anchored on the seabed; the upper end of the anchoring cable is connected with a semi-submersible module; the semi-submersible module is used for adjusting the buoyancy of the semi-submersible module to pretension the anchoring cable; the top of the semi-submersible type module is sequentially provided with a fan tower barrel and a wind turbine generator arranged at the top of the fan tower barrel. The tensioning type fan foundation structure anchored on the rock-based seabed is semi-compliant and semi-rigid, buoyancy, dead weight and anchor chain pretension are balanced, the foundation structure is enabled to be small in rolling, pitching and heaving movement amplitude by the aid of the large pretension, a fan tower is kept in a nearly vertical state under normal working conditions, power generation efficiency is improved, dynamic cable length is reduced, and a wind turbine generator with higher power can be configured on the basis.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of offshore wind power generation, and particularly relates to a tensioning type fan foundation anchored on a rock-based seabed and an arrangement method.
Background
Wind power generation is the fastest growing green energy technology in the world, and the ocean has become a rapidly developing wind power market due to the abundant wind energy resources at sea and the feasibility of current technology. The development and utilization of offshore wind power are highly valued worldwide, and the development technology is greatly advanced.
Along with the planning and development of offshore wind power in China, pile foundations are commonly adopted as supporting structures in offshore areas, and a foundation form with economy is not yet available in deep sea areas. At present, a gravity foundation and a fixed rock-socketed pile foundation are mainly adopted for a rock-based seabed in an offshore wind power structure. The gravity foundation is large in size, heavy in weight and high in requirement on flatness of the seabed surface of the rock foundation, the seabed needs to be leveled and pretreated before the gravity foundation is installed, the construction process is complex, the efficiency is low, and the gravity foundation cannot be suitable for a deepwater environment. The fixed rock-socketed pile foundation is constructed by using large crane ships, drilling machines, piling and other mechanical equipment, frequently adopting a plurality of 'driving-drilling-driving' construction processes, repeatedly measuring the perpendicularity and bearing capacity of a pile body in the pile sinking process, grouting and reinforcing at the pile side, and the construction processes are various, large in difficulty, long in offshore construction time consumption, high in cost, severe in deep sea environment conditions, poor in applicability of the fixed rock-socketed pile foundation and greatly increased in construction and construction cost.
Disclosure of Invention
A first object of the present invention is to provide a tensioned fan foundation anchored to a bedrock seabed, which addresses the deficiencies of the prior art.
For this purpose, the above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
a tensioned fan foundation anchored to a bedrock seabed, characterized in that: the tensioning type fan foundation anchored on the rock-based seabed comprises a rock-based anchoring system, an anchoring cable, a semi-submersible module, a fan tower barrel and a wind turbine generator;
the upper end of the rock-based anchoring system is connected with an anchoring cable, and the lower end of the anchoring system is anchored on a rock-based seabed;
the anchoring cable is of a tensioning type structure, and the upper end of the anchoring cable is connected with the semi-submersible type module;
the semi-submersible module is used for adjusting the buoyancy of the semi-submersible module to pretension the anchoring cable in the installation process;
the top of the semi-submersible type module is sequentially provided with a fan tower barrel and a wind turbine generator arranged at the top of the fan tower barrel;
the anchoring system comprises an anchoring panel and a plurality of anchor rods, the plurality of anchor rods form a micro pile array, the anchoring panel is fixed with the top of the micro pile array formed by the plurality of anchor rods, and the lower ends of the anchor rods are inserted into the seabed rock body and connected in a grouting mode.
The invention can also adopt or combine the following technical proposal when adopting the technical proposal:
as a preferred technical scheme of the invention: and grouting and anchoring are performed between the lower end of the anchor rod and the seabed rock mass.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the center of the anchoring panel is provided with an anchor eye which is used for connecting an anchoring cable.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the semi-submersible module sequentially comprises four ballast tanks, a middle vertical pontoon, an upper transition section and a connecting flange from bottom to top;
the inner end of the ballast tank is connected to the bottom of the middle vertical pontoon, the outer end of the ballast tank is provided with a guide cable hole for connecting an anchor cable, and a ballast pump is arranged in the ballast tank and is used for injecting water or draining water to adjust buoyancy;
a platform is arranged in the middle vertical pontoon for arranging relevant equipment of the wind turbine, and the upper end of the middle vertical pontoon is welded with the bottom of the upper transition section;
and the top of the upper transition section is provided with a connecting flange so as to be connected with a flange plate at the bottom of the fan tower.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: and a berthing facility is further arranged on the side of the semi-submersible module.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: and a reinforcing plate and a rib plate are arranged in the middle vertical pontoon.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the upper transition section is a steel truss to reduce steel usage and environmental loads.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the wind turbine tower is characterized in that the wind turbine tower consists of a plurality of sections of tower barrels, the upper adjacent tower barrels and the lower adjacent tower barrels are connected through flanges, and the top end of the wind turbine tower barrel is connected with a wind turbine unit through the flanges.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the wind turbine generator comprises a nacelle, a hub and blades.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a method of deploying a tensioned fan foundation anchored to a bedrock seabed which addresses the deficiencies of the prior art.
For this purpose, the above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
a method of deploying a tensioned fan foundation anchored to a bedrock seabed, comprising the steps of:
the first step: drilling small-diameter holes slightly larger than the size of the anchor rods on the rock-based seabed by using an underwater drilling machine or a traditional geological drilling machine at the position of the fan machine, wherein the drilling depth is equal to a bearing layer so as to meet the requirement of bearing capacity, and the drilling arrangement positions correspond to anchor bolt holes preset on the anchor panel one by one; if the height span of the bedrock at the anchoring system is large, carrying out bedrock leveling operation before drilling or carrying out bedrock leveling operation after drilling and grouting operation;
and a second step of: the depth of the drilled holes corresponds to the length of the anchor rods one by one, after the drilled holes are drilled to the designated depth, bedrock scraps and residues in the drilled holes are cleaned, the anchor rods are inserted into the drilled holes one by one to the bottom by using an underwater robot, the verticality of the anchor rods is adjusted, grouting guide pipes are guided to be inserted into the bottoms of the existing drilled holes by using the underwater robot, high-strength high-density grouting materials are injected, meanwhile, the guide pipes are gradually lifted until reaching the surface of the bedrock, and grouting compactness and no gaps are ensured;
and a third step of: after grouting consolidation, an underwater robot is used for installing an anchoring panel; enabling a micro pile array formed by anchor rods to pass through prefabricated anchor bolt holes on the surface of an anchor panel and fixing the micro pile array by anchor bolt nuts; the method is completely operated at the seabed surface of the water, is hardly influenced by environmental conditions such as wind, wave and current, and has long available construction window period;
fourth step: after the anchor panel is installed, the lower end of an anchor cable is pulled by an underwater robot and fixed at the anchor eye position of the anchor panel, and the upper end of the anchor cable is pulled to be connected with a pontoon positioned on the sea surface; the pontoon is a temporary facility and is used for pulling the anchoring cable to the sea surface, so that the anchoring cable is protected from bottoming damage on one hand, and on the other hand, after the semi-submersible module is in place, the anchoring cable is conveniently searched and the fixing work of the upper end of the anchoring cable is conveniently carried out;
fifth step: high-density concrete is injected into the bottoms of four ballast tanks of the semi-submersible type module to serve as fixed ballast on the land construction base, so that the integral gravity center of the structure is lowered, the draft is increased, and the structural stability is improved; the wind turbine tower and the wind turbine are integrally assembled and outfitted in a wharf or dock and a semi-submersible module, water is injected into the wharf or dock, so that a foundation structure naturally floats and tows to a construction wind turbine position; the large crane ship and the expensive transport ship are not required to be called, so that the engineering cost is saved;
sixth step: realizing one-step installation of the foundation structure; after the foundation structure is transported to a construction site, opening a ballast pump positioned in a ballast tank to absorb ballast water, and increasing the draft of the foundation; in the deep draft state of the foundation, selecting a low tide level period in a construction window period, and performing one-step installation on the foundation at sea: the underwater robot is utilized to enable the anchoring cables on the pontoon to pass through the end guide cable holes of the ballast tank and further to be pulled to the upper part of the semi-submersible module for connection, after all the anchoring cables are connected, the anchoring cables naturally rise along with the water level, ballast pumps arranged in the semi-submersible module are regulated to discharge ballast water, so that the draft of the foundation is reduced, the natural tensioning of the anchoring cables is realized, and the buoyancy, the foundation gravity and the anchoring tension are in a balanced state; the whole process has simple and convenient installation steps, and the large crane ship and the anchor machine are not required to be called for twisting and pulling to apply pretension.
The invention provides a tensioning type fan foundation anchored on a rock-based seabed and an arrangement method thereof, which are suitable for offshore wind power development under the geological condition of the seabed with shallow rock-based seabed and bedrock, and have the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:
1) The invention breaks through the limitation that the traditional fan foundation cannot be applied to the rock-based seabed, and can adapt to different marine environments, geological conditions and large-scale wind turbines.
2) The anchoring system provided by the invention has a simple structure, only needs to drill holes with small diameters on the rock-based seabed by using the traditional geological investigation drilling machine, and is connected by grouting by carrying the guide pipe by the underwater robot, so that the construction process is simple and convenient, and the risk and cost for installing the anchoring system are greatly reduced.
3) The anchoring cable can be vertically pre-tensioned through the semi-submersible module in the working state, has strong displacement limiting capability on the floating foundation, and has short length, small occupied sea area and good economy.
4) The foundation structure is semi-compliant and semi-rigid, buoyancy, dead weight and anchor chain pretension are balanced, the larger pretension enables the movement amplitude of rolling, pitching and heaving of the foundation structure to be smaller, the tower drum of the fan is almost kept in a vertical state under normal working conditions, the power generation efficiency is improved, the length of a dynamic cable is reduced, and a wind turbine generator with higher power can be configured on the foundation, so that the economy is better than that of a general floating fan foundation.
5) The semi-submersible type module is simple in structure, easy to construct, capable of being prefabricated and assembled on land, and capable of being towed for transportation after being integrally assembled with an anchor cable, a fan tower and a fan unit on land, and a large crane ship and an expensive transportation ship are not required to be called.
6) The underwater robot and the semi-submersible type module can be used for adjusting the ballast water to realize one-step installation and pre-tensioning of the anchoring cable, so that the crane ship loader equipment is not required to be dispatched, the offshore installation procedure is reduced, the offshore construction risk is reduced, the offshore construction time is shortened, and the engineering cost is saved.
7) The floating foundation disclosed by the invention has a long available construction window period, can be used for a rock-based seabed and other types of seabed, has better hydrodynamic performance, is wide in applicable water depth range, can ensure motion stability in different wind directions and wave directions, improves the power generation efficiency, has good economic benefit, and is especially suitable for a deep sea wind power generation field.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a tensioned fan foundation anchored to a rocky seabed as provided by the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic representation of the installation of the anchor.
Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a semi-submersible module.
Fig. 4 is a vertical cross-section of a semi-submersible module.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the tension type fan foundation anchored on the rock-based seabed comprises an anchoring system 1, an anchoring cable 2, a semi-submersible module 3, a fan tower 4 and a wind turbine generator 5.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the foundation comprises four sets of anchoring systems 1, each anchoring system 1 comprises an anchor rod 11 and an anchoring panel 12, the anchor rods 11 are grouted after being inserted into submarine holes, the anchor rods 11 form a micro pile array, anchor bolt holes are preset on two sides of each anchoring panel 12, the anchoring panels 12 are sleeved on the anchor rods 11 to form the micro pile array, and the micro pile array is fixed by anchor bolt nuts. An anchor eye is provided in the center of the anchor panel 12 for connecting the mooring line 2. The axial directions of two adjacent sets of anchoring systems are mutually perpendicular.
As shown in fig. 1, the lower end of the mooring line 2 is connected to the anchoring eye of the anchoring system and the upper end is connected to the cable guiding hole of the semi-submersible module 3. After the foundation is assembled, in a static state, the anchoring cable is in a vertical state, and the foundation buoyancy, the foundation gravity and the pretension of the anchoring cable are in a balanced state.
As shown in fig. 1, 3 and 4, the semi-submersible module 3 includes a lower four ballast tanks 31, a middle vertical buoy 32, an upper transition section 33, a connection flange 34, and a berthing facility 35. Two adjacent ballast tanks 31 are identical in size and mutually perpendicular, a guide cable hole 36 is formed in the end portion of each ballast tank 31 and is used for connecting the upper end of the mooring cable 2, and a ballast pump 37 is arranged in each ballast tank 31 and is used for water injection and drainage. The four ballast tanks 31 are welded with the vertical pontoons 32, the vertical pontoons 32 are cylinders with equal diameters, an inner platform is arranged in the vertical pontoons, and relevant equipment of the wind turbine generator is arranged. The upper end of the vertical pontoon 32 is welded to the transition portion 33, and a reinforcing plate 38 and ribs 39 are disposed within the vertical pontoon to provide sufficient structural strength. The transition section 33 is of truss structure so as to reduce the steel consumption of the structure, and a welding sealing plate and a connecting flange 34 at the upper end of the transition section 33 are connected with a flange plate at the bottom of the fan tower 4.
The fan tower drum 4 is composed of a plurality of sections of tower drums, adjacent tower sections are connected through flange plates, and the top end of the fan tower drum 4 is connected with the wind turbine generator 5 through the flange plates. The wind turbine 5 comprises a nacelle 51, a hub 52 and blades 53.
The tension type fan foundation anchored on the rock-based seabed is realized by the following arrangement method:
the first step: and (3) drilling small-diameter drilling holes slightly larger than the size of the anchor rods 11 on the rock-based seabed by using an underwater drilling machine or a traditional geological drilling machine at the position of the fan machine, wherein the drilling holes are deep to the bearing layer so as to meet the bearing capacity requirement, and the drilling hole arrangement positions are in one-to-one correspondence with anchor bolt holes preset on the anchor panel 12. If the height span of the bedrock at the anchoring system is large, the bedrock leveling operation can be performed before drilling or during grouting operation after drilling.
And a second step of: drilling depth and stock 11 length one-to-one, after drilling to appointed degree of depth, with bedrock piece and residue clean up in the drilling, the rethread underwater robot inserts stock 11 one-to-one to the bottom, adjusts stock straightness that hangs down to guide grouting pipe and insert current drilling bottom with underwater robot, pour into high-strength high density grout material and promote the pipe gradually simultaneously until the bedrock surface, guarantee closely knit seamless of grout.
And a third step of: after grouting consolidation, the anchor panel 12 is installed using an underwater robot. The array of micro-piles of anchors 11 are passed through pre-fabricated anchor holes in the surface of the anchor panel 12 and secured with anchor nuts. The step is completely operated at the seabed surface of the water, is hardly influenced by environmental conditions such as stormy waves and currents, and has long available construction window period.
Fourth step: after the anchor panel 12 is installed, the lower end of the anchor cable is pulled by the underwater robot and fixed at the anchor eye position of the anchor panel, and the upper end of the anchor cable is connected with the pontoon positioned on the sea surface. The pontoon is a temporary facility for pulling the mooring line to the sea surface, on the one hand protecting the mooring line 2 from bottoming out damage, and on the other hand facilitating the searching of the mooring line and the fixing of the upper end of the mooring line 2 after the semi-submersible module 3 is in place.
Fifth step: the high-density concrete is injected into the bottoms of the four ballast tanks 31 of the semi-submersible module 3 as fixed ballast on the land construction base to reduce the overall gravity center of the structure, increase the draft and improve the structural stability. And (3) the wind turbine tower 4 and the wind turbine 5 are integrally assembled and outfitted with the semi-submersible module 3 at a dock or a dock, water is injected into the dock or the dock, so that the foundation structure naturally floats and tows to the position of the construction wind turbine. And a large crane ship and an expensive transport ship are not required to be called, so that the engineering cost is saved.
Sixth step: one-step installation of the infrastructure is achieved. After the foundation structure is transported to the construction site, ballast pumps inside the ballast tanks 31 are opened to intake ballast water, increasing the foundation draft. In the deep draft state of the foundation, selecting a low tide level period in a construction window period, and performing one-step installation on the foundation at sea: the underwater robot is used for penetrating the mooring cables 2 on the pontoons through the end guide cable holes of the ballast tanks 31 and further pulling the mooring cables to the upper parts of the semi-submersible modules for connection, after all the mooring cables are connected, the natural rising of the water level is achieved, ballast pumps arranged in the semi-submersible modules 3 are regulated for discharging ballast water, the draft of the foundation is reduced, the natural tensioning of the mooring cables is achieved, and the buoyancy, the foundation gravity and the mooring tension are in a balanced state. The whole process has simple and convenient installation steps, and the large crane ship and the anchor machine are not required to be called for twisting and pulling to apply pretension.
The above embodiment is only one preferred technical solution of the present invention, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and substitutions can be made to the technical solution or parameters in the embodiment without departing from the principle and essence of the present invention, and all the modifications and substitutions are covered in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A tensioned fan foundation anchored to a bedrock seabed, characterized in that: the tensioning type fan foundation anchored on the rock-based seabed comprises a rock-based anchoring system, an anchoring cable, a semi-submersible module, a fan tower barrel and a wind turbine generator;
the upper end of the rock-based anchoring system is connected with an anchoring cable, and the lower end of the anchoring system is anchored on a rock-based seabed;
the anchoring cable is of a tensioning type structure, and the upper end of the anchoring cable is connected with the semi-submersible type module;
the semi-submersible module is used for adjusting the buoyancy of the semi-submersible module to pretension the anchoring cable in the installation process;
the top of the semi-submersible type module is sequentially provided with a fan tower barrel and a wind turbine generator arranged at the top of the fan tower barrel;
the anchoring system comprises an anchoring panel and a plurality of anchor rods, the plurality of anchor rods form a micro pile array, the anchoring panel is fixed with the top of the micro pile array formed by the plurality of anchor rods, and the lower ends of the anchor rods are inserted into the seabed rock body and connected in a grouting manner;
an anchor eye is arranged in the center of the anchor panel and is used for connecting an anchor cable;
the semi-submersible module sequentially comprises four ballast tanks, a middle vertical pontoon, an upper transition section and a connecting flange from bottom to top;
the inner end of the ballast tank is connected to the bottom of the middle vertical pontoon, the outer end of the ballast tank is provided with a guide cable hole for connecting an anchor cable, and a ballast pump is arranged in the ballast tank and is used for water injection or drainage;
a platform is arranged in the middle vertical pontoon for arranging relevant equipment of the wind turbine, and the upper end of the middle vertical pontoon is welded with the bottom of the upper transition section;
a connecting flange is arranged at the top of the upper transition section so as to be connected with a flange plate at the bottom of the fan tower barrel;
a berthing facility is further arranged on the side of the semi-submersible module;
a reinforcing plate and a rib plate are arranged in the middle vertical pontoon;
the upper transition section is a steel truss to reduce steel usage and environmental loads.
2. The tensioned fan foundation anchored to a rocky seabed of claim 1, wherein: and grouting and anchoring are performed between the lower end of the anchor rod and the seabed rock mass.
3. The tensioned fan foundation anchored to a rocky seabed of claim 1, wherein: the wind turbine tower is characterized in that the wind turbine tower consists of a plurality of sections of tower barrels, the upper adjacent tower barrels and the lower adjacent tower barrels are connected through flanges, and the top end of the wind turbine tower barrel is connected with a wind turbine unit through the flanges.
4. The tensioned fan foundation anchored to a rocky seabed of claim 1, wherein: the wind turbine generator comprises a nacelle, a hub and blades.
5. The method of deployment of a tensioned fan foundation anchored to a bedrock seabed of claim 1, wherein: the arrangement method comprises the following steps:
the first step: drilling small-diameter drilling holes slightly larger than the size of the anchor rods on the rock-based seabed by using an underwater drilling machine or a traditional geological drilling machine at the sea area of the fan machine, wherein the drilling holes are deep to the bearing layer so as to meet the requirement of bearing capacity, and the drilling hole arrangement positions correspond to anchor bolt holes preset on the anchor panel one by one; if the height span of the bedrock at the anchoring system is large, carrying out bedrock leveling operation before drilling or carrying out bedrock leveling operation after drilling and grouting operation;
and a second step of: the depth of the drilled holes corresponds to the length of the anchor rods one by one, after the drilled holes are drilled to the designated depth, bedrock scraps and residues in the drilled holes are cleaned, the anchor rods are inserted into the drilled holes one by one to the bottom by using an underwater robot, the verticality of the anchor rods is adjusted, grouting guide pipes are guided to be inserted into the bottoms of the existing drilled holes by using the underwater robot, high-strength high-density grouting materials are injected, meanwhile, the guide pipes are gradually lifted until reaching the surface of the bedrock, and grouting compactness and no gaps are ensured;
and a third step of: after grouting consolidation, an underwater robot is used for installing an anchoring panel; enabling a micro pile array formed by anchor rods to pass through prefabricated anchor bolt holes on the surface of an anchor panel and fixing the micro pile array by anchor bolt nuts; the method is completely operated at the seabed surface of the water, is hardly influenced by environmental conditions such as wind, wave and current, and has long available construction window period;
fourth step: after the anchor panel is installed, the lower end of an anchor cable is pulled by an underwater robot and fixed at the anchor eye position of the anchor panel, and the upper end of the anchor cable is pulled to be connected with a pontoon positioned on the sea surface; the pontoon is a temporary facility and is used for pulling the anchoring cable to the sea surface, so that the anchoring cable is protected from bottoming damage on one hand, and on the other hand, after the semi-submersible module is in place, the anchoring cable is conveniently searched and the fixing work of the upper end of the anchoring cable is conveniently carried out;
fifth step: high-density concrete is injected into the bottoms of four ballast tanks of the semi-submersible type module to serve as fixed ballast on the land construction base, so that the integral gravity center of the structure is lowered, the draft is increased, and the structural stability is improved; the wind turbine tower and the wind turbine are integrally assembled and outfitted in a wharf or dock and a semi-submersible module, water is injected into the wharf or dock, so that a foundation structure naturally floats and tows to a construction wind turbine position; the large crane ship and the expensive transport ship are not required to be called, so that the engineering cost is saved;
sixth step: realizing one-step installation of the foundation structure; after the foundation structure is transported to a construction site, opening a ballast pump positioned in a ballast tank to absorb ballast water, and increasing the draft of the foundation; in the deep draft state of the foundation, selecting a low tide level period in a construction window period, and performing one-step installation on the foundation at sea: the underwater robot is utilized to enable the anchoring cables on the pontoon to pass through the end guide cable holes of the ballast tank and further to be pulled to the upper part of the semi-submersible module for connection, after all the anchoring cables are connected, the anchoring cables naturally rise along with the water level, ballast pumps arranged in the semi-submersible module are regulated to discharge ballast water, so that the draft of the foundation is reduced, the natural tensioning of the anchoring cables is realized, and the buoyancy, the foundation gravity and the anchoring tension are in a balanced state; the whole process has simple and convenient installation steps, and the large crane ship and the anchor machine are not required to be called for twisting and pulling to apply pretension.
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| CN116280054B (en) * | 2023-02-28 | 2024-01-02 | 深圳深德海洋工程有限公司 | Tension cable type offshore floating wind power generation platform foundation and installation method thereof |
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