CN115093286B - Wheat polymeric fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Wheat polymeric fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115093286B
CN115093286B CN202210844965.3A CN202210844965A CN115093286B CN 115093286 B CN115093286 B CN 115093286B CN 202210844965 A CN202210844965 A CN 202210844965A CN 115093286 B CN115093286 B CN 115093286B
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fertilizer
parts
wheat
salt
vitamin
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CN115093286A (en
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郭音孜
朱贺源
朱淞琳
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Qingdao Hezi Fertilizer Biotechnology Co ltd
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Qingdao Hezi Fertilizer Biotechnology Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/40—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting fertiliser dosage or release rate; for affecting solubility
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
    • C05G5/12—Granules or flakes

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizers, and particularly relates to a wheat polymeric fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The wheat polymeric fertilizer provided by the invention comprises an organic polymer, carboxymethyl cellulose, gelatin, kaolin, silicon dioxide and a compound fertilizer; the carboxymethyl cellulose, gelatin, kaolin, silicon dioxide and compound fertilizer are coated in a three-dimensional network structure of the organic polymer; the compound fertilizer comprises nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate, potassium salt, calcium salt, magnesium salt, zinc salt, ferrous salt, manganese fertilizer, compound vitamin and paclobutrazol. The wheat polymeric fertilizer provided by the invention has the functions of slow release, water retention and fertilizer retention, realizes quality improvement and yield increase, and improves the fertilizer utilization rate.

Description

Wheat polymeric fertilizer and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of fertilizers, in particular to a wheat polymeric fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The drought water shortage and low water and fertilizer utilization efficiency are important limiting factors affecting the safety of Chinese grains and the sustainable development of agriculture, and the effective utilization rate of Chinese agricultural irrigation water and the utilization rate of fertilizer in season are far lower than the average level of developed countries at present.
Wheat is an important grain crop in China, plays an important role in agricultural production, and the sowing area and the total yield are only the second place for rice. The wheat grain contains rich nutrients, becomes a main dietary raw material for people to eat daily, and is a main responsibility of scientific fertilization to improve the unit yield of wheat in each stage of scientific research units how to increase the yield of wheat crops. The existing fertilization mode mainly meets the fertilizer requirement of the wheat in the whole growth period through base fertilizer, 3-5 additional fertilizers and one-spraying three-proofing in the later period. Because the growth period is long, the fertilizer-requiring period is not concentrated, and the requirements of different fertilizers at each stage of the growth period are different, the problem of fertilizer-requiring of wheat is difficult to solve by one-time fertilization. The traditional fertilization mode wastes manpower and material resources, and the utilization ratio of the fertilizer is low. Therefore, a wheat fertilizer capable of preserving water and fertilizer and realizing compound fertilization is needed urgently, so that yield and income can be increased, and resource waste can be reduced.
In view of this, the present invention has been proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
An aspect of the invention aims to provide a water-retaining fertilizer-retaining wheat polymeric fertilizer for providing multiple composite nutrients.
In order to achieve the above object of the present invention, the following technical solutions are specifically adopted:
a wheat polymeric fertilizer, which comprises organic polymer, carboxymethyl cellulose, gelatin, kaolin, silicon dioxide and compound fertilizer; the carboxymethyl cellulose, gelatin, kaolin, silicon dioxide and compound fertilizer are coated in a three-dimensional network structure of the organic polymer;
the compound fertilizer comprises nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate, potassium salt, calcium salt, magnesium salt, zinc salt, ferrous salt, manganese fertilizer, compound vitamin and paclobutrazol; the wheat polymeric fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight:
10-20 parts of organic polymer, 10-15 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 8-10 parts of gelatin, 25-30 parts of nitrogen fertilizer, 10-15 parts of phosphate, 10-15 parts of potassium salt, 5-7 parts of kaolin, 2-5 parts of silicon dioxide, 2-5 parts of calcium salt, 2-5 parts of magnesium salt, 1-3 parts of zinc salt, 0.1-0.5 part of ferrous salt, 0.05-0.35 part of manganese fertilizer, 5-10 parts of compound vitamin and 0.1-0.5 part of paclobutrazol.
Paclobutrazol is a plant growth regulator, and can make the cells of root, leaf sheath and leaf of wheat small, and the number of cell layers of each organ increases, so that it has the functions of delaying plant growth, inhibiting stem elongation, shortening internode and promoting plant tillering. The paclobutrazol is added, so that the stress resistance of the wheat can be improved, and the yield of the wheat is improved.
According to the wheat polymerization fertilizer, three major elements, three medium elements, two trace elements, one growth regulator and compound vitamins required by wheat growth are scientifically compounded, so that one-time fertilization of multiple elements is realized, and the labor burden is reduced; according to the method, paclobutrazol is compounded with nutrient elements necessary for the growth of the wheat such as macroelements, secondary elements, trace elements and compound vitamins, and the nutrient elements are compounded in a specific proportion, so that nutrients required by the growth of the wheat in each stage can be met, synergistic effect among the nutrient elements can be realized, and the absorption of the wheat to the nutrients is facilitated, so that the technical effects of improving quality and increasing income are achieved.
The application adopts the polymer monomer crosslinking technology, the polymer monomer and uncrosslinked monomer are fully crosslinked together after the compound fertilizer is added, and the monomer is subjected to preliminary polymerization to form a three-dimensional network structure, so that the specific surface area of the three-dimensional network structure can be effectively increased, and the compound fertilizer is convenient to fill in the network structure; the three-dimensional net structure can realize the water retention and slow release of the fertilizer and prolong the action time of the fertilizer; meanwhile, the net structure can also be used as a framework to play a certain role in supporting and developing, so that the compound fertilizer is ensured not to be loose, and nutrient loss is avoided.
Meanwhile, the carboxymethyl cellulose and the gelatin are added, a layer of film is formed on the surface of the organic polymer to wrap the organic polymer, and the slow-release effect can be achieved. In the process of storing the wheat polymeric fertilizer, the coating can effectively seal and protect nutrients, prolong the storage time and ensure the fertilization effect. The film formed by the gelatin can be hydrolyzed along with the microbial activity of soil under the condition of sufficient water environment, so that nutrients are released. In the application process, organic substances generated after the decomposition of the carboxymethyl cellulose and the gelatin can provide nutrients for microorganisms in soil and promote the survival rate and the action effect of the microorganisms.
In the application, the organic polymer forms a three-dimensional network structure, and the compound fertilizer is filled in the organic polymer and is loaded in the organic polymer, so that the wheat polymeric fertilizer has strong water and fertilizer retaining capacity; meanwhile, the carboxymethyl cellulose and the gelatin form an envelope to coat the compound fertilizer, thereby controlling the release of the compound fertilizer, playing roles of slow release and controlled release, realizing the synergistic effect of water and fertilizer retention, prolonging the effective period of the wheat for absorbing and utilizing effective nutrient components, ensuring the nutrition in the middle and later stages of the wheat to be sufficient, ensuring the nutrition of the wheat to be sufficient in the whole growing period, preventing the loss of the nutrition, and realizing the quality improvement and income increase of the wheat.
The kaolin is a layered silicate mineral, and has abundant reserves and low price in China. The theoretical chemical component of the kaolin is SiO 2 46.54％、Al 2 0 3 39.50％、H 2 O13.96In the case of the hydrophilic silica, a large amount of hydrophilic silica hydroxyl groups are present on the surface of the porous silica, and the porous silica has strong water absorption.
Kaolin, in this application, exists in three forms: first, kaolin is chemically bonded to the polymer chains as a crosslinking point, changing the network structure and water absorption properties of the polymer; second, kaolin is chemically bound to the polymer chain as a chain end; third, kaolin is filled as a physical filler within the polymer network. Kaolin is present in the organic polymer in the three forms described above. Because the surface of the kaolin has a large number of hydrophilic groups, the kaolin can further improve the water absorption and water retention performance of the wheat polymeric fertilizer by the synergistic effect with the organic polymer, and part of the kaolin is physically filled in the three-dimensional network structure of the polymer, so that the blockage of fertilizer loss is increased, and the purpose of fertilizer retention is achieved.
In the application, 2-5 parts of silicon dioxide is also included, and the slow release performance of the coating formed by the carboxymethyl cellulose and the gelatin can be improved by adding the silicon dioxide, so that the apparent diffusion rate of fertilizer nutrients in the coating layer is reduced, the initial dissolution rate of the coated slow release fertilizer is reduced to a certain extent, and the slow release period is prolonged. However, excessive addition of silica can cause agglomeration of silica particles, so that the slow release performance of the coated slow release fertilizer is poor.
In the application, the addition of the silicon dioxide and the kaolin has a compounding effect with the three-dimensional network structure, the carboxymethyl cellulose and the gelatin, so that the water and fertilizer retaining capacity of the composite is enhanced, the slow release performance of a film formed by the carboxymethyl cellulose and the gelatin is improved, and the slow release period is prolonged.
The organic polymer is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 to 20 parts of hydrophilic polymerization monomer, 10 to 15 parts of catalyst, 0.005 to 0.015 part of cross-linking agent and 0.01 to 0.25 part of initiator.
In the application, the hydrophilic polymerization monomer is subjected to polymerization reaction under the action of the catalyst, the cross-linking agent and the initiator to form the organic polymer with a three-dimensional network structure, and the organic polymer has a large number of hydrophilic groups, can absorb water with the mass hundreds to thousands times of that of the hydrophilic polymer, and is nontoxic, harmless and highly environment-friendly. After the application, the water absorption and water retention of the soil and the performances of fertilizer absorption and fertilizer retention can be improved, and meanwhile, the internal structure of the soil is improved, and the multiple effects of water absorption, water retention, slow release and the like are shown.
The hydrophilic polymeric monomer includes acrylic acid;
the catalyst is one or more of sodium hydroxide solution, potassium hydroxide solution, calcium hydroxide solution and ammonia water;
the cross-linking agent comprises one or more of ethylene glycol and N, N-methyl bisacrylamide;
the initiator comprises one or more of ammonium persulfate, potassium persulfate and sodium persulfate.
Acrylic acid is polymerized under the action of a catalyst, a cross-linking agent and an initiator to generate an organic polymer with a three-dimensional network structure and a large number of hydrophilic groups.
The nitrogenous fertilizer is urea; the phosphate is monoammonium phosphate; the potassium salt is potassium sulfate; the calcium salt is calcium sulfate; the magnesium salt is magnesium sulfate; the zinc salt is zinc sulfate; the ferrous salt is ferrous sulfate; the manganese fertilizer is manganese sulfate.
Zinc can enhance photosynthesis of wheat and catalyze synthesis of carbon dioxide, so that the photosynthesis intensity is improved, the sugar content is increased, and the protein content in grains is increased. Zinc has a fairly close relationship with ribonucleic acid formation, which has an important influence on plant genetic properties. After zinc application, the ribonucleic acid content of wheat can be increased, and the growth and development of wheat can be promoted.
Magnesium is the main component of chlorophyll, and can activate many enzymes in phosphoric acid metabolism, nitrogen metabolism and carbon metabolism, and acts as an activator. Magnesium is indispensable in maintaining the structure of ribose and nucleoprotein of wheat and determining the physical and chemical properties of protoplasm, and has indirect influence on respiration.
Boron has promoting effect on synthesis and transportation of intracellular sugar in wheat, and chloroplast degenerates during boron deficiency to influence photosynthesis. Boron also enhances crop stress resistance. Boron is indispensable and irreplaceable for normal growth and development of wheat, has good effects on growth and reproduction of wheat, can improve the supply condition of organic matters of each organ of plants, and increases the fruiting rate of wheat.
Manganese plays a catalytic role in chlorophyll synthesis, and contains manganese in wheat chloroplasts, wherein the manganese can promote seed germination and seedling growth, and the photosynthesis of crops is affected when the manganese is deficient.
The calcium element is not only a structural substance of cells, but also almost mediates the whole reaction of wheat growth and development and environmental changes such as low temperature stress as a second messenger. Low temperature or hormone not only causes intracellular Ca 2+ Elevated levels and cause intracellular Ca 2+ The concentration increases rapidly. Ca (Ca) 2+ Is involved in the response of wheat to low temperature stress and is related to the expression regulation of some low temperature induction genes of wheat.
The compound fertilizer is an inorganic compound fertilizer, provides major elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the like, intermediate elements such as calcium, magnesium, zinc and the like, and trace elements such as iron, manganese and the like for wheat, realizes scientific compounding of the major elements, the intermediate elements and the trace elements, and fertilizes a plurality of elements at one time. The wheat is different in the demand of each element in each growth stage, and is sensitive to different nutrient elements in different growth stages, and in the application, each nutrient element is compounded according to a specific proportion, so that the wheat can have the nutrient elements required by the growth of the wheat in each growth stage, the growth and development of the wheat are promoted, and meanwhile, the wheat is synergistic with paclobutrazol, the stress resistance of the wheat can be further improved, and the purposes of increasing yield and income are achieved.
The compound vitamins comprise vitamin A, vitamin B, vitamin C and vitamin E.
In the application, firstly, the vitamin A, the vitamin B, the vitamin C and the vitamin E are compounded into the compound vitamin according to a specific proportion, and then the compound vitamin is compounded with the compound fertilizer, so that the soil condition can be further improved, the absorption of various nutrient elements by wheat is promoted, the quality and the yield of crops are improved, and the natural disaster resistance of the crops is improved.
The vitamin A: vitamin B: vitamin C: the mass ratio of the vitamin E is 1: 1-2: 1-2: 2 to 3.
In the application, the vitamin A, the vitamin B, the vitamin C and the vitamin E are compounded in a specific scientific proportion, so that the wheat can be absorbed on the basis of meeting the nutritional requirements of the wheat, the quality of the wheat is improved, and the yield of the wheat is further improved.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the wheat polymeric fertilizer.
The preparation method of the wheat polymeric fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing a polymer monomer, an initiator, a cross-linking agent, a catalyst and water for polymerization reaction to obtain an organic polymer;
(2) Mixing an organic polymer with the compound fertilizer, standing, adding carboxymethyl cellulose, gelatin, kaolin and silicon dioxide, stirring, drying and granulating to obtain the wheat polymeric fertilizer.
In the application, the polymer monomer is subjected to polymerization reaction to form an organic polymer with a three-dimensional network structure, and then compound fertilizer and the like are added into the organic polymer, so that the compound fertilizer is coated in the network structure to form the slow-release fertilizer.
The temperature of the polymerization reaction is 75-85 ℃ and the time is 1.5-2.5 h.
Wherein the polymerization reaction temperature can be 75 ℃, 80 ℃ and 85 ℃, and the polymerization reaction time can be 1.5h, 2h and 2.5h. At the above temperature, the polymerization reaction proceeds more favorably. After the polymerization reaction is carried out for 1.5 to 2.5 hours, the reaction is more complete.
The temperature of the mixing in the step (2) is 40-50 ℃, and the stirring speed is 80-120 rpm and the time is 20-25 min in the mixing process of the organic polymer and the compound fertilizer.
Wherein the mixing temperature can be 40 ℃, 45 ℃ and 50 ℃, and the compound fertilizer can be coated at the temperature. Stirring is carried out in the mixing process, so that the compound fertilizer is coated in the three-dimensional network structure of the polymer organic polymer.
The standing temperature in the step (2) is 18-30 ℃ and the time is 2-3 h;
standing at 18-30deg.C, wherein the temperature can be 18deg.C, 20deg.C, 25deg.C, 30deg.C, adding carboxymethyl cellulose and gelatin at the temperature to form a film on the surface of organic polymer, and coating the organic polymer to form a slow-release film.
Adding carboxymethyl cellulose, gelatin, kaolin, silicon dioxide and compound fertilizer into the step (2), and stirring at 100-150 rpm for 10-15 min; the temperature of the drying in the step (2) is 100-120 ℃.
Wherein, the stirring rotation speed can be 100rpm, 125rpm and 150rpm; the time can be 10min, 12min, 15min; the drying temperature may be 100 ℃, 105 ℃,110 ℃, 115 ℃,120 ℃.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the wheat polymerization fertilizer provided by the invention scientifically compounds three major elements, three medium elements, two trace elements, one growth regulator and compound vitamins required by wheat growth, realizes one-time fertilization of multiple elements, and avoids multiple fertilization and waste of labor force and resources.
2. According to the wheat polymeric fertilizer provided by the invention, the organic polymer forms a three-dimensional network by utilizing a crosslinking technology, the compound fertilizer is filled in the organic polymer, and meanwhile, the network structure can also be used as a framework to ensure that the compound fertilizer cannot be loosened; and the carboxymethyl cellulose and the gelatin form a slow-release film on the surface of the organic polymer, and meanwhile, the kaolin, the silicon dioxide, the carboxymethyl cellulose and the gelatin have synergistic effect, so that the fertilizer can retain water and fertilizer, slow release and controlled release, the utilization rate of the fertilizer is improved, and the water and fertilizer retention is realized.
3. The preparation method of the wheat polymeric fertilizer provided by the invention is simple, easy to operate, green and pollution-free, and is suitable for large-scale industrial production.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the general concepts of the present application, the following detailed description is given by way of example. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the invention may be practiced without one or more of these details. In other instances, well-known features have not been described in detail in order to avoid obscuring the invention.
The specific conditions are not noted in the examples and are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer.
In the following embodiments, unless specified otherwise, the reagents or apparatus used are conventional products available commercially without reference to the manufacturer.
Example 1
Preparation of wheat polymeric fertilizer
(1) Mixing 10 parts of polymer monomer acrylic acid, 0.01 part of initiator ammonium persulfate, 0.005 part of cross-linking agent glycol, 10 parts of catalyst sodium hydroxide solution and water, and carrying out polymerization reaction at the temperature of 75 ℃ for 1.5 hours to obtain an organic polymer;
(2) Mixing 25 parts of organic polymer, 10 parts of urea, 10 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 10 parts of potassium sulfate, 2 parts of calcium sulfate, 2 parts of magnesium sulfate, 1 part of zinc sulfate, 0.1 part of ferrous sulfate, 0.05 part of manganese sulfate, 0.1 part of paclobutrazol, 1 part of vitamin A, 1 part of vitamin B, 1 part of vitamin C and 2 parts of vitamin E at 40 ℃, and stirring at a stirring speed of 80rpm for 20min; and standing at 18 ℃ for 2 hours, adding 10 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 8 parts of gelatin, 5 parts of kaolin and 2 parts of silicon dioxide, stirring for 10 minutes at a stirring speed of 100rpm, drying at 100 ℃, and granulating to obtain the wheat polymeric fertilizer.
Example 2
(1) Mixing 20 parts of polymer monomer acrylic acid, 0.25 part of initiator potassium persulfate, 0.015 part of cross-linking agent N, N-methyl bisacrylamide, 15 parts of catalyst potassium hydroxide solution and water, and carrying out polymerization reaction at the temperature of 85 ℃ for 2.5 hours to obtain an organic polymer;
(2) Mixing 30 parts of organic polymer, 15 parts of urea, 15 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 15 parts of potassium sulfate, 5 parts of calcium sulfate, 5 parts of magnesium sulfate, 3 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.5 part of ferrous sulfate, 0.35 part of manganese sulfate, 0.5 part of paclobutrazol, 2 parts of vitamin A, 2 parts of vitamin B, 2 parts of vitamin C and 4 parts of vitamin E at 50 ℃, and stirring at a stirring speed of 120rpm for 25min; and standing at 30 ℃ for 3 hours, adding 15 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 10 parts of gelatin, 7 parts of kaolin and 5 parts of silicon dioxide, stirring for 15 minutes at a stirring speed of 150rpm, drying at 120 ℃, and granulating to obtain the wheat polymeric fertilizer.
Example 3
(1) Mixing 15 parts of polymer monomer acrylic acid, 0.1 part of initiator potassium persulfate, 0.01 part of cross-linking agent N, N-methyl bisacrylamide, 12 parts of catalyst potassium hydroxide solution and water, and carrying out polymerization reaction at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain an organic polymer;
(2) Mixing 27 parts of organic polymer, 12 parts of urea, 12 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 12 parts of potassium sulfate, 4 parts of calcium sulfate, 4 parts of magnesium sulfate, 2 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.3 part of ferrous sulfate, 0.2 part of manganese sulfate, 0.3 part of paclobutrazol, 1 part of vitamin A, 1 part of vitamin B, 2 parts of vitamin C and 3 parts of vitamin E at 45 ℃, and stirring at a stirring speed of 100rpm for 25 minutes; and standing at 25 ℃ for 2.5 hours, adding 12 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 9 parts of gelatin, 6 parts of kaolin and 3 parts of silicon dioxide, stirring at a stirring speed of 120rpm for 12 minutes, drying at 110 ℃ and granulating to obtain the wheat polymeric fertilizer.
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 3 is that the wheat polymeric fertilizer does not include an organic polymer, and the rest is the same.
Comparative example 2
The difference from example 3 is that the wheat polymeric fertilizer does not include carboxymethyl cellulose and gelatin, and the rest is the same.
Comparative example 3
The difference from example 3 is that the compound fertilizer of the wheat polymeric fertilizer does not comprise ferrous salt, and the rest are the same.
Comparative example 4
The difference from example 3 is that the compound fertilizer of the wheat polymeric fertilizer does not comprise manganese fertilizer, and the rest are the same.
Comparative example 5
The difference with example 3 is that the compound fertilizer of the wheat polymeric fertilizer does not comprise paclobutrazol, and the rest is the same.
Comparative example 6
The difference from example 3 is that the wheat polymeric fertilizer does not include kaolin and silica, and the remainder is the same.
Comparative example 7
The difference with example 3 is that the compound fertilizer of the wheat polymeric fertilizer does not comprise compound vitamin, and the rest is the same.
Test 1
5g of the wheat polymeric fertilizers obtained in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1, comparative example 2 and comparative example 6 were respectively put into 10mL of distilled water, and the release rate and the water absorption rate of the inorganic fertilizer of the wheat polymeric fertilizers in the distilled water were tested, and the test results are shown in tables 1 and 2 below:
TABLE 1 Release Rate results of inorganic fertilizers in wheat polymeric fertilizers
The release rates of the wheat polymeric fertilizer in 48h, 240h and 480h are respectively 0-48 h, 48-240 h and 240-480 h. As can be seen from Table 1, the wheat polymeric fertilizer provided by the invention has a good slow release effect, while the initial release rate of the fertilizer in comparative examples 1, 2 and 6 is higher, the release rate of the fertilizer gradually decreases along with the extension of the plant growth period, and the fertilizer obtained in comparative examples 1, 2 and 6 is unfavorable for the growth of wheat because the wheat needs more nutrients to be firm and spike in the middle and later growth process.
Table 2 water absorption rate results of wheat polymeric fertilizer
Project Water absorption capacity (g/g)
Example 1 675.32
Example 2 679.35
Example 3 678.54
Comparative example 1 134.22
Comparative example 2 636.37
Comparative example 6 640.15
As can be seen from Table 2, the water absorption ratio of the wheat polymeric fertilizer obtained in the embodiment of the invention is obviously improved compared with that of the comparative example, and in the examples 1 to 3, the kaolin, the carboxymethyl cellulose and the gelatin are added to have synergistic effect with the organic polymer, so that the water absorption ratio is greatly improved, the water absorption and water retention performance of the wheat polymeric fertilizer are improved, and the water absorption is lower than that of the examples 1 to 3 because the carboxymethyl cellulose and the gelatin are not added in the comparative example 2. Comparative example 6 was free of kaolin and silica, resulting in a significant decrease in water absorption.
Test 2
The wheat polymeric fertilizers obtained in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 7 were subjected to field test, and the results are shown in table 3 below:
table 3 comparison of wheat yield with different fertilisers
As can be seen from the above examples, the wheat polymeric fertilizer and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention have the advantages that the wheat polymeric fertilizer obtained by the invention has good slow release effect and high water absorption rate through tests; and the field experiments show that the wheat polymeric fertilizer can meet the requirements of the early-stage and middle-later-stage growth of wheat for nutrients and water, and has obvious yield increase for wheat.
The foregoing is merely exemplary of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes may be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. which are within the spirit and principles of the present application are intended to be included within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims (8)

1. The wheat polymeric fertilizer is characterized by comprising an organic polymer, carboxymethyl cellulose, gelatin, kaolin, silicon dioxide and a compound fertilizer; the carboxymethyl cellulose, gelatin, kaolin, silicon dioxide and compound fertilizer are coated in a three-dimensional network structure of the organic polymer;
the compound fertilizer comprises nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate, potassium salt, calcium salt, magnesium salt, zinc salt, ferrous salt, manganese fertilizer, compound vitamin and paclobutrazol; the wheat polymeric fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight:
10-20 parts of organic polymer, 10-15 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 8-10 parts of gelatin, 25-30 parts of nitrogen fertilizer, 10-15 parts of phosphate, 10-15 parts of potassium salt, 5-7 parts of kaolin, 2-5 parts of silicon dioxide, 2-5 parts of calcium salt, 2-5 parts of magnesium salt, 1-3 parts of zinc salt, 0.1-0.5 part of ferrous salt, 0.05-0.35 part of manganese fertilizer, 5-10 parts of compound vitamin and 0.1-0.5 part of paclobutrazol;
the organic polymer is mainly prepared from the following raw materials: 10-20 parts of hydrophilic polymerization monomer, 10-15 parts of catalyst, 0.005-0.015 part of cross-linking agent and 0.01-0.25 part of initiator;
the hydrophilic polymeric monomer includes acrylic acid;
the catalyst is one or more of sodium hydroxide solution, potassium hydroxide solution, calcium hydroxide solution and ammonia water;
the cross-linking agent comprises one or more of ethylene glycol and N, N-methyl bisacrylamide;
the initiator comprises one or more of ammonium persulfate, potassium persulfate and sodium persulfate.
2. The wheat polymeric fertilizer of claim 1, wherein the nitrogen fertilizer is urea; the phosphate is monoammonium phosphate; the potassium salt is potassium sulfate; the calcium salt is calcium sulfate; the magnesium salt is magnesium sulfate, and the zinc salt is zinc sulfate; the ferrous salt is ferrous sulfate; the manganese fertilizer is manganese sulfate.
3. The polymeric fertilizer for wheat of claim 1, wherein the complex vitamins comprise vitamin a, vitamin B, vitamin C, vitamin E.
4. A wheat polymeric fertilizer according to claim 3, wherein the vitamin a: vitamin B: vitamin C: the mass ratio of the vitamin E is 1: 1-2: 1-2: 2-3.
5. The method for preparing the wheat polymeric fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Mixing hydrophilic polymerization monomer, initiator, cross-linking agent, catalyst and water for polymerization reaction to obtain organic polymer;
(2) Mixing an organic polymer with the compound fertilizer, standing, adding carboxymethyl cellulose, gelatin, kaolin and silicon dioxide, stirring, drying and granulating to obtain the wheat polymeric fertilizer.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the polymerization reaction is carried out at a temperature of 75-85 ℃ for a time of 1.5-2.5 hours.
7. The preparation method according to claim 5 or claim 6, wherein the temperature of mixing the organic polymer and the compound fertilizer in the step (2) is 40-50 ℃, and the stirring speed is 80-120 rpm and the time is 20-25 min in the mixing process of the organic polymer and the compound fertilizer.
8. The preparation method according to claim 5, wherein the standing temperature in the step (2) is 18-30 ℃ for 2-3 hours;
after carboxymethyl cellulose, gelatin, kaolin, silicon dioxide and compound fertilizer are added in the step (2), stirring is carried out at a speed of 100-150 rpm for 10-15 min; and (3) drying in the step (2) at a temperature of 100-120 ℃.
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Citations (1)

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JPH11116798A (en) * 1997-10-14 1999-04-27 Mitsui Chem Inc Resin composition

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US10865161B2 (en) * 2017-07-31 2020-12-15 North University Of China Water-absorbing and water-retaining multi-nutrient biodegradable polymeric slow/controlled release fertilizer having a semi-interpenetrating network structure
EP3826981A1 (en) * 2018-07-23 2021-06-02 SABIC Global Technologies B.V. Spherical urea-aldehyde condensate fertilizers

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JPH11116798A (en) * 1997-10-14 1999-04-27 Mitsui Chem Inc Resin composition

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