CN115088710A - Method for preserving cut cottonrose hibiscus - Google Patents
Method for preserving cut cottonrose hibiscus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115088710A CN115088710A CN202210235442.9A CN202210235442A CN115088710A CN 115088710 A CN115088710 A CN 115088710A CN 202210235442 A CN202210235442 A CN 202210235442A CN 115088710 A CN115088710 A CN 115088710A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- cotton rose
- hibiscus
- fresh
- flower
- pruning
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
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- 235000007185 Hibiscus lunariifolius Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 43
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- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
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- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
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- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 51
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- COLNVLDHVKWLRT-QMMMGPOBSA-N L-phenylalanine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 COLNVLDHVKWLRT-QMMMGPOBSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
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- 239000005648 plant growth regulator Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- TVLSRXXIMLFWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N prochloraz Chemical compound C1=CN=CN1C(=O)N(CCC)CCOC1=C(Cl)C=C(Cl)C=C1Cl TVLSRXXIMLFWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 17
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N3/00—Preservation of plants or parts thereof, e.g. inhibiting evaporation, improvement of the appearance of leaves or protection against physical influences such as UV radiation using chemical compositions; Grafting wax
- A01N3/02—Keeping cut flowers fresh chemically
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/44—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids
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- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
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- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/06—Aluminium; Calcium; Magnesium; Compounds thereof
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of fresh cut flowers, and discloses a method for preserving cotton rose hibiscus cut flowers, which comprises the following steps: spraying a leaf surface treating agent on the leaves of the cotton rose hibiscus half day to one day before pruning; the foliar treatment agent is a mixture containing a transpiration inhibitor and a wetting agent; b, pruning: pruning the branches of the cotton rose in the next morning; step C, fresh-keeping treatment: placing the lower end of the cut in-vitro flower branch into a liquid or solid medium containing the fresh-keeping component of cotton rose for planting. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method realizes effective preservation of the cut cotton rose flower, enables the flower bud of cotton rose to normally open in vitro, can delay the senescence of the flower bud and flourishing blossoming on the basis of normal opening of the flower bud, and has the advantages of single medicine application and double effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fresh cut flowers, in particular to a method for preserving cotton rose hibiscus cut flowers.
Background
Hibiscus mutabilis Linn belongs to Hibiscus genus of Malvaceae family, and is also named as flos Hibisci, flos Farfarae, flos Magnoliae, herba Hibisci Mutabilis, and Lonicera Japonica flos, native China. It is fond of warm and humid environment, is not cold-resistant, and is contraindicated for drought and water-wet resistance. The requirement on soil is not high, and the barren land can also grow. The cotton rose has a long cotton rose period, and cotton rose flowers grown for more than two years continuously bloom from 7 to 10 in the middle of the month, but the blooming peak can appear three times from the flower amount, wherein one time is from 7 months to the beginning, the blooming peak can last for fifteen to twenty days, the main stem flower is taken as the main stem flower, and the flower amount is reduced properly later. The second blooming peak appears in the middle ten days of 8 months, the second peak is mainly a first secondary tip flower, the quality of the hibiscus flower is not obviously different from that of the main tip flower, the peak can last for one to five days, the third blooming peak appears in the middle ten days of 9 months later, but the flower quantity is less than that of the first secondary tip flower, the second secondary tip flower mainly continuously blooms in the middle and the last ten days of 10 months later, but the peak is not formed. A very complicated process is involved in the flowering of plants and is influenced by various internal and external factors. Various factors regulate the various stages of flowering by directly or indirectly affecting the concentration of plant endogenous hormones. The endogenous hormones of plants mainly comprise auxin, cytokinin, gibberellin, brassinolide, ethylene and the like (see table 1), and play an important regulation and control role in the growth and development process of plants. Such as: the auxin promotes the growth of cells and nutritive organs, induces flowering and fructification and the like; gibberellin promotes the elongation growth of stems, promotes flowering and the like, and breaks dormancy; cytokinins delay leaf senescence and promote flower bud differentiation. Ethylene promotes senescence of fruits or organs.
The cotton rose is large and beautiful in color, and has special cultural attributes, and the fresh cut cotton rose has larger market demand and development potential on the basis of traditional urban landscaping. At present, no report related to fresh cut flowers of cotton rose is seen at home and abroad. The cut flowers of other flowers are preserved mainly by physical and chemical methods. The chemical method is realized by taking a chemical agent which is used for regulating physiological and biochemical processes, resisting external adverse environmental changes, preserving good quality of cut flowers and delaying aging as a medium of a main fresh-keeping component. The chemical preservative mainly comprises sugar, a bactericide and plant growth hormone, and has the main functions of providing nutrition, sterilizing and preserving, promoting absorption, delaying aging and the like. In the preservation of cut flowers of China rose, plum blossom and other flowers, gibberellin, cytokinin, auxin, brassinolide and other plant growth regulators are all applied. In the literature, "study on endogenous hormone regulation of senescence after harvesting in plum blossom" (No. 2 1999 of Beijing university of forestry, 2) ", it was shown that ethylene and indoleacetic acid are important factors for regulating senescence in plum blossom, cytokinin is a major factor for delaying senescence in plum blossom, and gibberellin is only beneficial to promote blossom of plum blossom, but not a factor for delaying senescence. In the literature, "the influence of the pretreatment solution containing B9 on the aging of the lily bulbs (first stage of volume 41 in plant physiology communication 2005)" it is mentioned that B9 can significantly improve the quality of the cut flowers. The publication No. CN201710594318.0 entitled "a cut rose flower preservative solution" shows that 6-BA as a component of the cut rose flower preservative solution can delay the aging of the rose. The publication No. CN201910830801.3 is named as 'a cut rhododendron vase preservative and a preparation method and application thereof', and gibberellin plays a role in delaying senescence in the preservation of cut rhododendron.
The chemical fresh-keeping method of the cut flowers can provide an optimal scheme aiming at specific flowers. However, different plant genomes are different, the effect of the same plant growth regulator on different plants is complex, and the plant growth regulator has different effects, which is well known in the industry, so that a large amount of regulator types and use concentrations need to be screened for the fresh-keeping of the cottonrose hibiscus so as to obtain an optimal scheme.
At present, the fresh cut flowers of cotton rose have some problems: (1) the lignification degree of the cotton rose stems is low, and the cotton rose stems are easy to fall off; (2) the blooming time of the cotton rose flower is short, and is only one day; (3) the harvesting in the bud period can prolong the service life of the vase, but the buds of the cut flowers are difficult to open normally; (5) the branches and leaves of the cotton rose are easy to wither and dry. Therefore, in order to solve the problems, a method for preserving fresh cottonrose hibiscus cut flowers is provided so as to meet the market demand on the fresh cottonrose hibiscus cut flowers.
TABLE 1 common plant growth regulator species for cut flower preservation and common concentration application range thereof
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a method for preserving cut cotton rose hibiscus, which can effectively preserve the cut cotton rose hibiscus, ensure that buds of the cotton rose hibiscus can still normally open in vitro, and delay the senescence of the buds and the full bloom on the basis of the normal opening of the buds.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for keeping cut cotton rose fresh comprises the following steps:
step A, pretreatment before pruning: spraying a leaf surface treating agent on the leaves of the cotton rose hibiscus half day to one day before pruning;
the foliar treatment agent is a mixture containing a transpiration inhibitor and a wetting agent;
b, pruning: pruning the branches of the cotton rose in the next morning;
step C, fresh-keeping treatment: the lower end of the cut in-vitro flower branch is put into a liquid or solid medium containing the fresh-keeping component of the cotton rose.
Spraying a leaf surface treating agent containing a transpiration inhibitor and a wetting agent in the step A can reduce the transpiration of the leaf surface.
Furthermore, the liquid or solid medium containing the cotton rose fresh-keeping component comprises a plant growth regulator thidiazuron, and the concentration of the thidiazuron is 1-10 mg/L.
Thidiazuron is a novel high-efficiency cytokinin used for tissue culture and can better promote the bud differentiation of plants. It has low toxicity to human and livestock, and is often used as defoliant for cotton.
Further, before the step B, a step A' is also included;
step A', pre-pruning flowering branches: in the evening before pruning, carrying out whole branch spraying treatment on branches by using a mixed solution containing 50-100mg/L of aceponin, 50-150mg/L of phenylalanine and 50-150mg/L of tyrosine, and then covering flower buds by using a bag till the next morning; and the decaying flower and most leaves of the flowering branch are cut off in the evening before pruning, only 3-5 leaves nearest to the flower bud are remained, and the pruned flowering branch is cut in the next morning. In the step, namely the step A', the mixed liquor is adopted to carry out whole-branch spraying treatment on the branches so as to promote the aging of flower stalks.
The bag is adopted to cover the buds till the next morning, so that the buds can be moisturized at night, the lignification degree of the cotton rose stems is low, the cotton rose stems are easy to drop when being cut, and the bag is used to cover the buds which are sprayed with the medicament and play a role in protecting.
Further, the wetting agent is one or a combination of sucrose fatty acid ester, sodium benzene sulfonate and neutral soap;
wherein, the concentration of sucrose fatty acid ester is 2-60mg/L, the concentration of sodium benzenesulfonate is 10-30mg/L, and the concentration of neutral soap is 1-2 mg/L.
The neutral soap has low alkali content of 0.1-0.25%, is still milder alkalescent soap, and is called as neutral soap, also called as soft soap.
Sucrose fatty acid ester and sucrose ester, SE (sucrose esters) for short. A non-ionic surfactant is prepared from sucrose and fatty acid through esterifying reaction to obtain simple substance or mixture. Can be used for coating and fresh keeping of fowl, egg, fruit, and vegetable, and has antibacterial effect, and can keep freshness of fruit and vegetable and prolong storage life. The dosage is 0.3-2.5% (HLB 5-16).
Further, the transpiration inhibitor in the step A comprises one or the combination of fulvic acid and succinic acid;
wherein, the concentration of the fulvic acid is 1-5g/L, and the concentration of the succinic acid is 10-20 mg/L.
Fulvic acid is a reddish brown powdery substance dissolved in water. Can promote the growth of plants, play an important role in resisting drought, improve the stress resistance of the plants, increase the yield and improve the quality. The main application objects are wheat, corn, sweet potato, millet, rice, cotton, peanut, rape, tobacco, silkworm, melon and fruit, vegetables and the like.
The succinic acid is colorless crystals; relative density 1.572(25/4 ℃), melting point 188 ℃, decomposition at 235 ℃; it can be sublimed by distillation under reduced pressure, dissolved in water, and slightly dissolved in ethanol, diethyl ether and acetone.
In a preferable embodiment of the present invention, in step a, the transpiration inhibitor is fulvic acid, and the concentration of the fulvic acid is 3 g/L; the wetting agent is neutral soap, and the concentration of the wetting agent is 1.5 mg/L.
Further, the liquid or solid medium containing the cotton rose fresh-keeping component also comprises:
basic components: 120-150mg/L prochloraz, 10-20g/L sucrose, 100-200mg/L citric acid, 200-300mg/L calcium chloride and 50-200mg/L polyglutamic acid.
In a preferable scheme of the scheme, the liquid or solid medium containing the cotton rose fresh-keeping ingredient comprises: 125mg/L prochloraz, 10g/L sucrose, 200mg/L citric acid, 200mg/L calcium chloride, 100mg/L polyglutamic acid and 3mg/L thidiazuron.
Further, before the step C, cutting flower branches of the pruned cotton rose hibiscus, and when cutting, pruning the branches of the pruned cotton rose hibiscus to be 25-30cm long along the end part of the pruned cotton rose hibiscus inclined by 45 degrees.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the scheme, the foliage treatment agent is sprayed before pruning of cotton rose, and the cotton rose is inserted into a liquid or solid medium containing cotton rose fresh-keeping components after pruning on the next day, so that the cut cotton rose can be effectively fresh for the first time, the flower buds of the cotton rose can still normally open in vitro, and the senescence of the flower buds and full bloom can be delayed on the basis of normal opening of the flower buds, so that the single medicine is used, and the double effect is achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the comparison of the vase life of a cottonrose hibiscus cut flower under different conditions;
FIG. 2 is a comparison of the bud blooming rates of cotton rose under different conditions;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing morphological changes of the flower cutting period of the cotton rose in the blank control group;
FIG. 4 shows morphological changes of cottonrose hibiscus in the negative control group during the vase period;
FIG. 5 shows the morphological changes of the cutting period of the cottonrose hibiscus in the positive control group;
fig. 6 deals with 14 morphological changes of the cut cottonrose hibiscus during the flower-cutting period.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following specific examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following.
Example 1
A method for keeping cut cotton rose fresh comprises the following steps:
step a, pretreatment before pruning: spraying a leaf surface treating agent on the leaves of the cotton rose in the morning one day before pruning, wherein the leaf surface treating agent comprises a mixture of a transpiration inhibitor and a wetting agent;
b, pre-pruning flowering branches: in the evening of the day before pruning, carrying out whole branch spraying treatment on branches by using a mixed solution containing 50mg/L mepiquat chloride, 100mg/L phenylalanine and 100mg/L tyrosine, then covering flower buds by using a bag, pruning decay flowers and most leaves of the flower branches, and only remaining 3-5 leaves nearest to the flower buds;
step c, pruning: cutting off pre-trimmed flowering branches in the next morning;
step d, fresh-keeping treatment: cutting flower branches of the pruned cotton rose hibiscus, and when cutting, pruning the branches of the pruned cotton rose hibiscus along the end part of the pruned cotton rose hibiscus in an inclined angle of 45 degrees until the length of the branches is 25-30 cm; then the lower end of the cut in-vitro flowering branch is placed into a liquid or solid medium containing cotton rose fresh-keeping components, the liquid or solid medium containing the cotton rose fresh-keeping components comprises a plant growth regulator thidiazuron, the concentration range value of the thidiazuron is 1-10mg/L, and 3mg/L of the thidiazuron is preferred in the scheme.
The transpiration inhibitor comprises one or a combination of fulvic acid and succinic acid; wherein the concentration range of the fulvic acid is 1-5g/L, and the concentration range of the succinic acid is 10-20 mg/L; the wetting agent comprises one or more of sucrose fatty acid ester, sodium benzenesulfonate and neutral soap; wherein, the concentration range value of the sucrose fatty acid ester is 2-60mg/L, the concentration range value of the sodium benzenesulfonate is 10-30mg/L, and the concentration range value of the neutral soap is 1-2 mg/L;
in this example, the preferred transpiration inhibitor is 3g/L fulvic acid and the wetting agent is 1.5mg/L neutral soap.
The liquid or solid medium containing the cotton rose fresh-keeping component also comprises the following basic components: 120-150mg/L of prochloraz, 10-20g/L of sucrose, 100-200mg/L of citric acid, 200-300mg/L of calcium chloride and 50-200mg/L of polyglutamic acid.
Preferably, in this embodiment, a liquid medium containing a fresh-keeping component of cotton rose is used, and the liquid medium is water;
in the liquid medium containing the cotton rose fresh-keeping component, the cotton rose fresh-keeping component contains 125mg/L prochloraz, 10g/L cane sugar, 200mg/L citric acid, 200mg/L calcium chloride and 100mg/L polyglutamic acid besides 3mg/L thidiazuron.
Example 2
A method for keeping cut flowers of cotton rose fresh comprises the following steps:
step a, pretreatment before pruning: spraying a leaf surface treating agent on the leaves of the cotton rose in the morning one day before pruning, wherein the leaf surface treating agent comprises a mixture of a transpiration inhibitor and a wetting agent;
step b, pre-pruning flowering branches: in the evening of the day before pruning, carrying out whole branch spraying treatment on branches by using a mixed solution containing 50mg/L mepiquat chloride, 100mg/L phenylalanine and 100mg/L tyrosine, then covering flower buds by using a bag, pruning decay flowers and most leaves of the flower branches, and only remaining 3-5 leaves nearest to the flower buds;
step c, pruning: cutting off pre-trimmed flowering branches in the next morning;
step d, fresh-keeping treatment: cutting flower branches of the pruned cotton rose hibiscus, and when cutting, pruning the branches of the pruned cotton rose hibiscus along the end part of the pruned cotton rose hibiscus in an inclined angle of 45 degrees until the length of the branches is 25-30 cm; then the lower end of the cut in-vitro flowering branch is placed into a liquid or solid medium containing cotton rose fresh-keeping components, the liquid or solid medium containing the cotton rose fresh-keeping components comprises a plant growth regulator thidiazuron, the concentration range value of the thidiazuron is 1-10mg/L, and 5mg/L of the thidiazuron is adopted in the scheme.
The transpiration inhibitor comprises one or a combination of fulvic acid and succinic acid; the concentration range of the fulvic acid is 1-5g/L, and the concentration range of the succinic acid is 10-20 mg/L; the wetting agent comprises one or more of sucrose fatty acid ester, sodium benzenesulfonate and neutral soap; the concentration range of the sucrose fatty acid ester is 2-60mg/L, the concentration range of the sodium benzenesulfonate is 10-30mg/L, and the concentration of the neutral soap is 1-2 mg/L;
in the embodiment, the transpiration inhibitor is preferably a composition of fulvic acid and succinic acid, wherein the concentration of the fulvic acid is 2g/L, and the concentration of the succinic acid is 10 mg/L; the wetting agent is a composition of neutral soap and sucrose fatty acid ester, wherein the concentration of the neutral soap is 1.5mg/L, and the concentration of the sucrose fatty acid ester is 50 mg/L.
The liquid or solid medium containing the cotton rose fresh-keeping component comprises the following basic components: 120-150mg/L prochloraz, 10-20g/L sucrose, 100-200mg/L citric acid, 200-300mg/L calcium chloride and 50-200mg/L polyglutamic acid.
In the embodiment, a liquid medium containing a cotton rose fresh-keeping component is adopted, and the liquid medium is water;
in the liquid medium containing the cotton rose hibiscus fresh-keeping components, the cotton rose hibiscus fresh-keeping components contain not only 5mg/L thidiazuron, but also 120mg/L prochloraz, 15g/L sucrose, 180mg/L citric acid, 250mg/L calcium chloride and 100mg/L polyglutamic acid.
Example 3
A method for keeping cut cotton rose fresh comprises the following steps:
step a, pretreatment before pruning: before pruning, spraying a leaf surface treating agent on the leaves of the cotton rose in the early morning, wherein the leaf surface treating agent comprises a mixture of a transpiration inhibitor and a wetting agent;
b, pre-pruning flowering branches: in the evening of the day before pruning, carrying out whole branch spraying treatment on branches by using a mixed solution containing 50mg/L mepiquat chloride, 100mg/L phenylalanine and 100mg/L tyrosine, covering flower buds by using a bag, pruning decay flowers and most leaves of the flower branches, and only remaining 3-5 leaves nearest to the flower buds;
step c, pruning: cutting off pre-trimmed flowering branches in the next morning;
step d, fresh-keeping treatment: cutting the pruned cotton rose to obtain flower branches, and when cutting, pruning the cotton rose to be 25-30cm long along the end parts of the pruned cotton rose branches at an inclination angle of 45 degrees; then the lower end of the cut in-vitro flower branch is put into a liquid or solid medium containing the fresh-keeping component of the cotton rose;
the liquid or solid medium contains cotton rose fresh-keeping component, the cotton rose fresh-keeping component includes plant growth regulator thidiazuron, the concentration range of thidiazuron is 1-10mg/L, in the scheme, 3mg/L thidiazuron is preferable.
The transpiration inhibitor comprises one or a combination of fulvic acid and succinic acid; wherein, the concentration range of the fulvic acid is 1-5g/L, the concentration of the succinic acid is 10-20mg/L, and the wetting agent comprises one or a combination of more of sucrose fatty acid ester, sodium benzenesulfonate and neutral soap; wherein, the concentration of sucrose fatty acid ester is 2-60mg/L, the concentration of sodium benzenesulfonate is 10-30mg/L, and the concentration of neutral soap is 1-2 mg/L;
in the embodiment, the transpiration inhibitor is fulvic acid with the concentration of 2 g/L; the wetting agent is a composition of neutral soap, sucrose fatty acid ester and sodium benzenesulfonate, wherein the concentration of the neutral soap is 1mg/L, the concentration of the sucrose fatty acid ester is 5mg/L, and the concentration of the sodium benzenesulfonate is 10 mg/L.
The liquid or solid medium containing the cotton rose fresh-keeping component also comprises basic components, namely concentration range of 120-150mg/L prochloraz, 10-20g/L sucrose, 100-200mg/L citric acid, 200-300mg/L calcium chloride and 50-200mg/L polyglutamic acid.
In this embodiment, preferably, a liquid medium containing a fresh-keeping component of hibiscus mutabilis is adopted, and the liquid medium is water; in the liquid medium containing the cotton rose hibiscus fresh-keeping components, the cotton rose hibiscus fresh-keeping components contain 135mg/L prochloraz, 10g/L cane sugar, 100mg/L citric acid, 200mg/L calcium chloride and 200mg/L polyglutamic acid besides 3mg/L thidiazuron.
Example 4
A method for keeping cut cotton rose fresh comprises the following steps:
step a, pretreatment before pruning: spraying a leaf surface treating agent on the leaves of the cotton rose in the morning one day before pruning, wherein the leaf surface treating agent comprises a mixture of a transpiration inhibitor and a wetting agent;
b, pre-pruning flowering branches: in the evening of the day before pruning, carrying out whole branch spraying treatment on branches by using a mixed solution containing 80mg/L mepiquat chloride, 120mg/L phenylalanine and 120mg/L tyrosine, covering flower buds by using a bag, pruning decay flowers and most leaves of the flower branches, and only remaining 3-5 leaves nearest to the flower buds;
step c, pruning: cutting off pre-trimmed flowering branches in the next morning;
step d, fresh-keeping treatment: cutting the pruned cotton rose to obtain flower branches, and when cutting, pruning the cotton rose to be 25-30cm long along the end parts of the pruned cotton rose branches at an inclination angle of 45 degrees; then the lower end of the cut in-vitro flowering branch is placed into a liquid or solid medium containing cotton rose fresh-keeping components, the liquid or solid medium containing the cotton rose fresh-keeping components comprises a plant growth regulator thidiazuron, the concentration range value of the thidiazuron is 1-10mg/L, and 6mg/L of the thidiazuron is adopted in the scheme.
The transpiration inhibitor comprises one or a combination of fulvic acid and succinic acid; wherein, the concentration range of the fulvic acid is 1-5g/L, the concentration of the succinic acid is 10-20mg/L, and the wetting agent comprises one or a combination of more of sucrose fatty acid ester, sodium benzenesulfonate and neutral soap; wherein, the concentration of sucrose fatty acid ester is 2-60mg/L, the concentration of sodium benzenesulfonate is 10-30mg/L, and the concentration of neutral soap is 1-2 mg/L;
in the embodiment, the transpiration inhibitor is fulvic acid with the concentration of 5 g/L; the wetting agent is 2mg/L neutral soap.
The liquid or solid medium containing the cotton rose fresh-keeping components also comprises the following basic components: 120-150mg/L of prochloraz, 10-20g/L of sucrose, 100-200mg/L of citric acid, 200-300mg/L of calcium chloride and 50-200mg/L of polyglutamic acid.
In this embodiment, preferably, a liquid medium containing a fresh-keeping component of cotton rose is used, and the liquid medium is water; in the liquid medium containing cotton rose fresh-keeping components, the cotton rose fresh-keeping components contain 150mg/L prochloraz, 10g/L cane sugar, 100mg/L citric acid, 200mg/L calcium chloride and 150mg/L polyglutamic acid besides 6mg/L thidiazuron.
Example 5
A method for keeping cut cotton rose fresh comprises the following steps:
step a, pretreatment before pruning: before pruning, spraying a leaf surface treating agent on the leaves of the cotton rose in the early morning, wherein the leaf surface treating agent comprises a mixture of a transpiration inhibitor and a wetting agent;
b, pre-pruning flowering branches: in the evening of the day before pruning, carrying out whole branch spraying treatment on branches by using a mixed solution containing 100mg/L mepiquat chloride, 150mg/L phenylalanine and 150mg/L tyrosine, covering flower buds by using a bag, pruning decay flowers and most leaves of the flower branches, and only remaining 3-5 leaves nearest to the flower buds;
step c, pruning: cutting off pre-trimmed flowering branches in the next morning;
step d, fresh-keeping treatment: cutting the pruned cotton rose to obtain flower branches, and when cutting, pruning the cotton rose to be 25-30cm long along the end parts of the pruned cotton rose branches at an inclination angle of 45 degrees; then the lower end of the cut in-vitro flowering branch is placed into a liquid or solid medium containing cotton rose fresh-keeping components, the liquid or solid medium containing the cotton rose fresh-keeping components comprises a plant growth regulator thidiazuron, the concentration range value of the thidiazuron is 1-10mg/L, and 10mg/L of the thidiazuron is preferred in the scheme.
Wherein the transpiration inhibitor comprises one or a combination of fulvic acid and succinic acid; the concentration range of the fulvic acid is 1-5g/L, the concentration of the succinic acid is 10-20mg/L, and the wetting agent comprises one or a combination of more of sucrose fatty acid ester, sodium benzenesulfonate and neutral soap; wherein, the concentration of sucrose fatty acid ester is 2-60mg/L, the concentration of sodium benzenesulfonate is 10-30mg/L, and the concentration of neutral soap is 1-2 mg/L;
in the embodiment, the transpiration inhibitor is fulvic acid with the concentration of 3 g/L; the wetting agent is a composition of sucrose fatty acid ester and sodium benzenesulfonate, wherein the concentration of the sucrose fatty acid ester is 30mg/L, and the concentration of the sodium benzenesulfonate is 25 mg/L.
The liquid or solid medium containing the cotton rose fresh-keeping component also comprises the following basic components: 120-150mg/L prochloraz, 10-20g/L sucrose, 100-200mg/L citric acid, 200-300mg/L calcium chloride and 50-200mg/L polyglutamic acid.
In the embodiment, a solid medium containing a cotton rose fresh-keeping component is adopted, and the solid medium is flower arrangement mud;
in the solid medium containing the cotton rose hibiscus fresh-keeping components, the cotton rose hibiscus fresh-keeping components contain not only 10mg/L thidiazuron, but also basic components of 130mg/L prochloraz, 10g/L sucrose, 100mg/L citric acid, 300mg/L calcium chloride and 150mg/L polyglutamic acid.
Example 6
A method for keeping cut cotton rose fresh comprises the following steps:
step a, pretreatment before pruning: spraying a leaf surface treating agent on the leaves of the cotton rose in the morning one day before pruning, wherein the leaf surface treating agent comprises a mixture of a transpiration inhibitor and a wetting agent;
b, pre-pruning flowering branches: in the evening of the day before pruning, carrying out whole branch spraying treatment on branches by using a mixed solution containing 90mg/L mepiquat chloride, 130mg/L phenylalanine and 130mg/L tyrosine, covering flower buds by using a bag, pruning decay flowers and most leaves of the flower branches, and only remaining 3-5 leaves nearest to the flower buds;
step c, pruning: cutting off pre-trimmed flowering branches in the next morning;
step d, fresh-keeping treatment: cutting the pruned cotton rose to obtain flower branches, and when cutting, pruning the cotton rose to be 25-30cm long along the end parts of the pruned cotton rose branches at an inclination angle of 45 degrees; then the lower end of the cut in-vitro flowering branch is placed into a liquid or solid medium containing cotton rose fresh-keeping components, the liquid or solid medium containing the cotton rose fresh-keeping components comprises a plant growth regulator thidiazuron, the concentration range value of the thidiazuron is 1-10mg/L, and 3mg/L of the thidiazuron is adopted in the scheme.
The transpiration inhibitor comprises one or a combination of fulvic acid and succinic acid; wherein, the concentration of fulvic acid is 1-5g/L, the concentration of succinic acid is 10-20mg/L, and the wetting agent comprises one or a combination of sucrose fatty acid ester, sodium benzenesulfonate and neutral soap; wherein, the concentration of sucrose fatty acid ester is 2-60mg/L, the concentration of sodium benzenesulfonate is 10-30mg/L, and the concentration of neutral soap is 1-2 mg/L;
in this embodiment, the preferred transpiration inhibitor is succinic acid at a concentration of 15 g/L; the wetting agent is a composition of sucrose fatty acid ester, sodium benzenesulfonate and neutral soap, wherein the concentration of sucrose fatty acid ester is 20mg/L, the concentration of sodium benzenesulfonate is 10mg/L, and the concentration of neutral soap is 2 mg/L.
The liquid or solid medium containing the cotton rose fresh-keeping components also comprises the following basic components: 120-150mg/L prochloraz, 10-20g/L sucrose, 100-200mg/L citric acid, 200-300mg/L calcium chloride and 50-200mg/L polyglutamic acid.
In the embodiment, a liquid medium containing cotton rose fresh-keeping components is adopted, the liquid medium is water, and the cotton rose fresh-keeping components in the liquid medium containing the cotton rose fresh-keeping components comprise 130mg/L prochloraz, 10g/L sucrose, 200mg/L citric acid, 200mg/L calcium chloride and 200mg/L polyglutamic acid besides 3mg/L thidiazuron.
Experimental example 1
Screening of anti-transpirant and humectant optimum species and concentration experiment
Selecting fulvic acid and succinic acid as test materials of the transpiration inhibitor, and adding a wetting agent into each treatment to ensure that the anti-transpiration solution can be better attached to the leaves, wherein the wetting agent is selected from 50mg/L sucrose fatty acid ester and 1.5mg/L neutral soap water, and the spraying marks are F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, F6, F7, F8, F9, F10, F11 and F12; one control was designed to spray clean water only, labeled CK. Each treatment was carried out by cutting a cottonrose hibiscus branch (variety of drunk hibiscus) with similar growth vigor, putting in clear water, and repeating for 3 groups. The cutting time and the spraying time are selected to be about 3 pm, the front and back surfaces of each leaf blade need to be uniformly sprayed, and the leaf blades are not sprayed during the test period after being sprayed once. On the 3 rd day after spraying, 3 pieces of leaves of Hibiscus Mutabilis with the same growth vigor and size are respectively adopted for each treatment, the leaves are taken back to a laboratory after being weighed to be dried to constant weight, the change of the water content of the leaves is calculated, and the morphological performance of the leaves is observed at the same time.
TABLE 2 comparison of the amount of Water Change in Hibiscus Mutabilis leaves under different treatments
As can be seen from Table 2, the anti-transpiration effect of fulvic acid is better than that of succinic acid, the wetting effect of 1.5mg/L neutral soap is better than that of 50mg/L sucrose fatty acid ester, and the optimal selection is 3g/L fulvic acid +1.5mg/L neutral soap.
Experimental example 2
Experiment for screening optimal concentration of plant growth regulator used for cottonrose hibiscus cut flowers
The most common plant growth regulators used in cut flower preservation include cytokinin (6-BA, thidiazuron, forchlorfenuron), auxin (B9, IBA), gibberellin and brassinolide, but the preservation effect of the same plant growth regulator on different plants is different.
In order to screen the optimum concentration of the plant growth regulator used by the hibiscus manihot cut flowers, 15 groups of formulations were designed according to the general ranges of cytokinins, gibberellins, and brassinolides in table 1. Meanwhile, because a research report that cut flowers of plants belonging to the same family as the cotton rose are preserved by using a plant growth regulator cannot be searched, the Chinese rose cut flower preservative is selected as a positive control, the basic component is selected as a negative control, and clear water is used as a blank control.
The preparation method of the basic component comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 125mg of prochloraz, and dissolving in 50ml of absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain a prochloraz solution for later use;
(2) respectively weighing 10g of sucrose, 200mg of citric acid, 200mg of calcium chloride and 100mg of polyglutamic acid, and uniformly mixing;
(3) adding the prochloraz solution into the mixture obtained in the step (2), and diluting to 1L with water to obtain a basic component;
according to the above preparation method of the base composition, plant growth regulators of different qualities were added to the base composition and brought to target concentrations, to obtain treatment groups 1 to 15 as shown in Table 3.
Preservation of multiple control and treatment groups:
the preservation process comprises the following steps:
the variety selected in the test is drunk cottonrose hibiscus, a mixed solution of 3g/L fulvic acid and 1.5mg/L neutral soap is sprayed on the leaf surfaces of the cottonrose hibiscus in the early morning, then the flower buds are covered by a bag in the evening, meanwhile, after the flower buds are covered in the evening, most of leaves on decaying flowers and flower branches are also required to be removed, and only 3-5 leaves nearest to the flower buds are remained; covering the buds with a bag for one night, and cutting off flower branches in the morning of the next day; and when the flowering branch is cut, the cutting is carried out along the end part of the cut flowering branch by inclining 45 degrees until the length is 25-30cm, and the bottom end of the cut in-vitro flowering branch is inserted into each group of the control group and the treatment group. And (4) screening out the optimal concentration by observing the bottle cutting life of the cotton rose hibiscus, the bud opening rate and the morphological expression of the bottle cutting period.
TABLE 3 vase life, bud opening rate and morphological appearance of cut flowers of Hibiscus Mutabilis under different treatments
From the above results, the plant growth regulator selected in the experimental examples of the present invention can prolong the vase life of the cut flowers of cotton rose. The preferred treatments 2, 3, 7, 10, 13, 14 had a vial insertion life of up to 2.5 days; the bud openness rates of the preferred treatments 2, 13, 14, and 15 were all over 50%.
It can be seen from the experimental data in table 1 that the bottle-cut life of the cottonrose hibiscus cut flowers can be prolonged by treating 14 and 15, the flower blooming rate is greatly improved, and the optimal selection is treatment 14, and the bottle-cut form change of treatment 14 in 0 day, 1 day and 2.5 days is shown in fig. 6.
In the experimental example, the form change of the cottonrose hibiscus in the flower-cutting period of the blank control group, i.e., the CK group sprayed with clear water, is shown in fig. 3; the morphological change of the cutting flower of cotton rose in the negative control group in the cutting period is shown in figure 4; the morphology change of the positive control group during the vase period of the cottonrose hibiscus cutting flower is shown in FIG. 5.
Bud opening: the flower is completely unfolded.
Bud open rate: the ratio of the number of buds to the total number of buds.
The service life of the bottle insert is as follows: the number of days from the beginning of putting the picked flower buds into the treatment to the beginning of wilting of the first flower bud.
Experimental example 3
Effect comparison experiment with different pretreatments
The lignification degree of the stems of the cotton roses is low, the flower stems are soft, branches and leaves are easy to wither and dry, after a leaf surface treating agent is sprayed one day in advance, after the branches are subjected to whole branch spraying treatment by using a mixed solution containing 50mg/L mepiquat chloride, 100mg/L phenylalanine and 100mg/L tyrosine in the evening before pruning, whether bags are used for covering buds and the obtaining and preservation effects of the cotton roses are different.
The liquid media containing the cotton rose fresh-keeping components in the experimental example adopt the treatment group 14 in the experimental example 2, and the leaf surface treatment agents adopt the optimal selection in the experimental example 1, namely the formula F8;
this experimental example comprises three experimental groups G1-G3, of which:
g1: early morning, spraying a leaf surface treating agent, cutting off decaying flowers and most leaves of flower branches in the evening before pruning, reserving 3-5 leaves nearest to flower buds, carrying out whole branch spraying treatment on branches by using a mixed solution containing 50mg/L mepiquat chloride, 100mg/L phenylalanine and 100mg/L tyrosine, covering the branches by using a bag for one night, cutting flowers in the next morning, and inserting the branches into a liquid medium containing a cotton rose fresh-keeping component;
g2: early morning one day in advance, spraying a leaf surface treatment agent, cutting off decaying flowers and most leaves of flower branches in the evening before pruning, reserving 3-5 leaves nearest to flower buds, carrying out whole branch spraying treatment on branches by using a mixed solution containing 50mg/L mepiquat chloride, 100mg/L phenylalanine and 100mg/L tyrosine, and inserting the branches into a liquid medium containing a cotton rose fresh-keeping component after cutting flowers in the morning the next night;
g3: only cutting off decayed flowers and most leaves of the flowering branches in the evening before pruning, remaining 3-5 leaves nearest to the flower buds, carrying out whole branch spraying treatment on the branches by using a mixed solution containing 50mg/L mepiquat chloride, 100mg/L phenylalanine and 100mg/L tyrosine, and cutting the pruned flowering branches in the next morning and inserting the pruning branches into a liquid medium containing a cotton rose fresh-keeping component.
The morphological performances of the three experimental groups G1-G3 on the 3 rd day of bottle insertion are shown in the table 4; as can be seen from the appearance of the bottle-inserting in the three groups of experimental groups G1, G2 and G3 in Table 4 on day 3, the appearance that the flower buds are all opened, the flower color is deepened and the leaves are green after the leaf surface treating agent is sprayed in advance and the bags are used for covering overnight is superior to the appearance of the bottle-inserting in the groups G2 and G3, so that the bottle-inserting preservation of the cotton rose is facilitated by the leaf surface treating agent being sprayed in advance and the bag being used for covering overnight.
TABLE 4 vase morphology of cottonrose hibiscus cut flowers under different pretreatments
The foregoing is illustrative of the preferred embodiments of this invention, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise form disclosed herein and that various other combinations, modifications, and environments may be resorted to, falling within the scope of the concept as disclosed herein, either as described above or as apparent to those skilled in the relevant art. And that modifications and variations may be effected by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A method for keeping cut cotton rose fresh is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step A, pretreatment before pruning: spraying a leaf surface treating agent on the leaves of the cotton rose hibiscus half day to one day before pruning;
the foliar treatment agent is a mixture comprising a transpiration inhibitor and a wetting agent;
b, pruning: pruning the branches of the cotton rose in the next morning;
step C, fresh-keeping treatment: the lower end of the cut in-vitro flower branch is put into a liquid or solid medium containing the fresh-keeping component of the cotton rose.
2. The method for preserving the freshness of the cottonrose hibiscus cutting flowers as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the liquid or solid medium containing the cotton rose fresh-keeping component comprises a plant growth regulator thidiazuron, and the concentration of the thidiazuron is 1-10 mg/L.
3. The method for preserving the freshness of the cottonrose hibiscus cutting flowers as claimed in claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: before the step B, a step A' is also included;
step A', pre-pruning flowering branches: in the evening before pruning, carrying out whole branch spraying treatment on branches by using a mixed solution containing 50-100mg/L of aceponin, 50-150mg/L of phenylalanine and 50-150mg/L of tyrosine, and then covering flower buds by using a bag till the next morning; and the decaying flower and most leaves of the flowering branch are cut off in the evening before pruning, only 3-5 leaves nearest to the flower bud are remained, and the pruned flowering branch is cut in the next morning.
4. The method for preserving hibiscus mutabilis according to claim 2 or 3, wherein: the wetting agent is one or a composition of more of sucrose fatty acid ester, sodium benzenesulfonate and neutral soap;
wherein, the concentration of sucrose fatty acid ester is 2-60mg/L, the concentration of sodium benzenesulfonate is 10-30mg/L, and the concentration of neutral soap is 1-2 mg/L.
5. The method for preserving hibiscus mutabilis according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the transpiration inhibitor in the step A comprises one or the combination of fulvic acid and succinic acid;
wherein, the concentration of the fulvic acid is 1-5g/L, and the concentration of the succinic acid is 10-20 mg/L.
6. The method for preserving the freshness of the cottonrose hibiscus cutting flowers as claimed in claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the transpiration inhibitor in the step A is fulvic acid, and the concentration of the fulvic acid is 3 g/L;
the wetting agent is neutral soap, and the concentration of the wetting agent is 1.5 mg/L.
7. The method for preserving cut cottonrose hibiscus as claimed in claim 5, wherein the liquid or solid medium containing the fresh-keeping ingredients of hibiscus also comprises:
basic components: 120-150mg/L of prochloraz, 10-20g/L of sucrose, 100-200mg/L of citric acid, 200-300mg/L of calcium chloride and 50-200mg/L of polyglutamic acid.
8. The method for preserving cut cottonrose hibiscus as claimed in claim 7, wherein the liquid or solid medium containing the fresh-keeping ingredients of hibiscus comprises:
125mg/L prochloraz, 10g/L sucrose, 200mg/L citric acid, 200mg/L calcium chloride, 100mg/L polyglutamic acid and 3mg/L thidiazuron.
9. The method for preserving the freshness of the cottonrose hibiscus cutting flowers according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and C, before the step C, cutting flower branches of the pruned cotton rose hibiscus, and when the flower branches are cut, pruning the ends of the pruned cotton rose hibiscus to be 25-30cm in length along an inclination angle of 45 degrees.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1903041A (en) * | 2006-08-01 | 2007-01-31 | 岳邦珅 | Agent for prolonging flower blossom |
| US20100286176A1 (en) * | 2006-11-06 | 2010-11-11 | Syngenta Crop Protection, Inc. | Flowers |
| CN103918645A (en) * | 2014-05-05 | 2014-07-16 | 中国农业大学 | Long-distance transportation comprehensive refreshing processing method of cut-flower chrysanthemum |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1903041A (en) * | 2006-08-01 | 2007-01-31 | 岳邦珅 | Agent for prolonging flower blossom |
| US20100286176A1 (en) * | 2006-11-06 | 2010-11-11 | Syngenta Crop Protection, Inc. | Flowers |
| CN103918645A (en) * | 2014-05-05 | 2014-07-16 | 中国农业大学 | Long-distance transportation comprehensive refreshing processing method of cut-flower chrysanthemum |
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| 崔美香;邢红霞;常社霞;张文龙;李焱;赵敏;: "不同处理对月季切花保鲜效应的研究", 江苏农业科学, no. 03, pages 292 - 294 * |
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