CN115087478A - Medical ventilation apparatus, control method, and computer-readable storage medium - Google Patents

Medical ventilation apparatus, control method, and computer-readable storage medium Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115087478A
CN115087478A CN202080096566.2A CN202080096566A CN115087478A CN 115087478 A CN115087478 A CN 115087478A CN 202080096566 A CN202080096566 A CN 202080096566A CN 115087478 A CN115087478 A CN 115087478A
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pressure
breathing circuit
frequency
exhaust
medical ventilator
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伍乐平
蔡琨
刘华旺
周小勇
肖杨
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Shenzhen Mindray Bio Medical Electronics Co Ltd
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Shenzhen Mindray Bio Medical Electronics Co Ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
    • A61M16/12—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by mixing different gases

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  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
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Abstract

A medical ventilating device, a control method and a computer readable storage medium, the medical ventilating device comprises an air source interface (10), a breathing circuit (20), a high-frequency oscillation generating device (30) and a controller (40), the breathing circuit (20) is respectively connected with the air source interface (10) and a patient pipeline (50) connected with a respiratory system of a patient, the breathing circuit (20) comprises an inspiration branch and an exhaust device (201) is arranged on the breathing circuit (20), the high-frequency oscillation generating device (30) enables the gas of the inspiration branch to form high-frequency oscillation, the controller (40) controls the exhaust device (201) to exhaust the gas exhaled by the patient through the patient pipeline (50) in a high-frequency exhalation phase of the medical ventilating device, so that the medical ventilating device can actively exhaust gas through the exhaust device (201) in the exhalation high-frequency phase, and the resistance influence in the exhaust process is reduced, the exhaust efficiency is improved, so that the gas can be discharged in time, and the life safety of the patient is ensured.

Description

Medical ventilation apparatus, control method, and computer-readable storage medium Technical Field
The present invention relates to medical device technology, and in particular, to a medical ventilator, a control method, and a computer-readable storage medium.
Background
The current medical ventilation device for assisting the respiration of the patient comprises a constant-frequency ventilator and a high-frequency ventilator, wherein the respiratory frequency provided by the constant-frequency ventilator is 4-150 times per minute, and the respiratory frequency of the high-frequency ventilator is 240-1800 times per minute, so that more oxygen can be provided for the patient through the high-frequency ventilator.
In the process of providing more oxygen for the patient through the high-frequency respirator, gas such as carbon dioxide needs to be exhausted, the gas is automatically exhausted to the air through a patient pipeline (such as a mask worn by the patient) in the expiration stage at present, but the automatic exhaust mode is influenced by the resistance of the mask worn by the patient, so that the gas cannot be exhausted in time, and the gas is gradually accumulated. With the gradual build-up of gas, the mean pressure in the patient circuit is elevated, over-inflating the patient's lungs, threatening the patient's life.
Disclosure of Invention
Embodiments of the present invention provide a medical ventilation apparatus, a control method, and a computer-readable storage medium to implement active ventilation.
On one hand, the embodiment of the invention provides medical ventilation equipment, which comprises an air source interface, a breathing circuit, high-frequency oscillation generating equipment and a controller, wherein an exhaust device is arranged on the breathing circuit;
the breathing circuit is respectively connected with an air source interface and a patient pipeline connected with a patient breathing system, and comprises an inspiration branch;
the high-frequency oscillation generating device is used for generating high-frequency oscillation on the gas in the gas suction branch;
the controller controls the exhaust device to exhaust gas exhaled by the patient through the patient line at a high frequency when the medical ventilator is in a high frequency exhalation phase.
In another aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for controlling a medical ventilator, including:
forming high-frequency oscillation on gas in an inspiration branch of a breathing loop through high-frequency oscillation generating equipment, wherein the breathing loop is respectively connected with a gas source interface and a patient pipeline connected with a patient breathing system;
and when the medical ventilation device is in a high-frequency expiration phase, controlling the exhaust device to exhaust gas exhaled by the patient through the patient pipeline at high frequency.
In yet another aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon executable instructions configured to cause a processor to execute the executable instructions to implement the control method for a medical ventilator described above.
In the embodiment of the invention, the medical ventilation equipment comprises an air source interface, a breathing loop, high-frequency oscillation generating equipment and a controller, wherein the breathing loop is respectively connected with the air source interface and a patient pipeline connected with a respiratory system of a patient, the breathing loop comprises an inspiration branch and is provided with an exhaust device, the high-frequency oscillation generating equipment forms high-frequency oscillation on gas of the inspiration branch, and the controller controls the exhaust device to discharge gas exhaled by the patient through the patient pipeline in a high-frequency expiration stage, so that the medical ventilation equipment can actively exhaust gas through the exhaust device in the high-frequency expiration stage, the resistance influence in the exhaust process is reduced, the exhaust efficiency is improved, the gas can be discharged in time, and the life safety of the patient is ensured.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a medical ventilator provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the inspiration limb and the HF oscillation generating apparatus of the medical ventilator provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is another schematic diagram of the inspiration limb and the high frequency oscillation generating means of the medical ventilator provided in accordance with the embodiments of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the effect of prior art ventilation through a patient circuit;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of the venting effect of a medical ventilator provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another medical ventilator provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a further medical ventilator provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a breathing circuit provided by embodiments of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of amplitude ringing deficiencies in the prior art;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of control waveforms provided by embodiments of the present invention;
FIGS. 11 and 12 are schematic structural views of yet another medical ventilator provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 13 is a flow chart of a method of controlling a medical ventilator, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 14 is a flow chart of another method of controlling a medical ventilator provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 15 is a flow chart of a method of controlling a medical ventilator in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 16 is a flow chart of a method of controlling a medical ventilator, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The present invention should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but rather the embodiments set forth herein are presented to enable those skilled in the art to make and use the invention in a full and complete manner and to convey the concept of the embodiments to others skilled in the art and, therefore, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without the exercise of inventive faculty are within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that, in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the terms "include", "include" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a method or a server including a series of elements includes not only the explicitly recited elements but also other elements not explicitly listed or inherent to the method or the server. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other related elements in methods or servers including the element (e.g., steps in methods or elements in servers, such as units that may be part of a circuit, part of a processor, part of a program or software, etc.).
For example, although the medical ventilator and the method for controlling the medical ventilator provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure include a series of devices and steps, the medical ventilator and the method for controlling the medical ventilator provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to the procedures and steps described. It should be noted that in the following description, reference is made to "one embodiment" which describes a subset of all possible embodiments, but it is understood that "one embodiment" may be the same subset or a different subset of all possible embodiments, and may be combined with each other without conflict.
Before further detailed description of the present invention, terms and expressions referred to in the embodiments of the present invention are explained, and the terms and expressions referred to in the embodiments of the present invention are applicable to the following explanations:
high frequency: the ventilation frequency is greater than or equal to 4 times of the normal frequency (referred to as the normal frequency), for example, the frequency is 240 times and 1800 times per minute in China, which is called the high frequency, and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) defines that the high frequency is greater than 150 times per minute;
high-frequency expiration phase and high-frequency inspiration phase: the medical ventilation equipment comprises two stages, namely a high-frequency expiration stage and a high-frequency inspiration stage, wherein in the high-frequency expiration stage, the patient is in a high-frequency expiration process, gas exhaled by the patient through a patient pipeline is exhausted in the process, in the high-frequency inspiration stage, the patient is in a high-frequency inspiration process, in the process, the medical ventilation equipment can generate high-frequency oscillation, and the gas, especially oxygen, is conveyed to the lung of the patient through the patient pipeline under the action of the high-frequency oscillation;
preset high voltage and preset low voltage: the maximum pressure value and the minimum pressure value corresponding to the breathing circuit, such as the maximum value and the minimum value of the gas pressure in a patient pipeline connected with the breathing circuit, are obtained, and the gas pressure corresponding to the breathing circuit can be changed between a preset high pressure and a preset low pressure along with the breathing of the patient;
target average pressure: a preset high pressure and a preset low pressure.
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic structural diagram of a medical ventilator provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown, which may include: the device comprises an air source interface 10, a breathing circuit 20, a high-frequency oscillation generating device 30 and a controller 40, wherein an exhaust device 201 is arranged on the breathing circuit 20.
The breathing circuit 20 is connected to the gas source interface 10 and a patient circuit 50 connected to the respiratory system of the patient, respectively, and the breathing circuit 20 includes an inspiratory branch. The gas supply interface 10 serves as an ambient gas input port by which ambient gas can be input into the inspiratory branch of the breathing circuit 20 via the gas supply interface 10, and gas can be delivered to the patient at the end of the patient circuit via the inspiratory branch of the breathing circuit 20 and the patient circuit 50, such as to the lungs of the patient via the inspiratory branch and the patient circuit 50. Wherein the patient circuit 20 may be, but is not limited to, any one of a mask and a patient breathing interface through which gas is delivered to the patient.
The high-frequency oscillation generating device 30 is used for generating high-frequency oscillation for delivering the gas in the inspiration branch to the patient at the end of the patient pipeline under the action of the high-frequency oscillation, and mainly delivering the oxygen in the inspiration branch to the patient under the action of the high-frequency oscillation.
In this embodiment, the air supply interface 10 may include an oxygen supply interface and an air supply interface for respectively supplying oxygen and air from the oxygen supply interface and the air supply interface to the inhalation branch, and the high-frequency oscillation generating device 30 disposed on the inhalation branch generates high-frequency oscillation of the oxygen and the air, so that the oxygen can be supplied to the patient line to the patient at the end of the patient line under the action of the high-frequency oscillation. For example, one way of the high-frequency oscillation generating device 30 to generate high-frequency oscillation is: the high-frequency oscillation generating device 30 adjusts the oxygen flow and the air flow during the high-frequency inhalation phase to form high-frequency oscillation by means of flow adjustment, wherein the high-frequency oscillation generating device 30 can be, but is not limited to, a proportional solenoid valve, a blocking valve, an on-off valve and other valves capable of adjusting the flow, and all valves can achieve the purpose of delivering oxygen to the patient.
Correspondingly, alternative configurations of the inspiration branch and of the high-frequency oscillation generating device are shown in fig. 2 and 3, respectively, in fig. 2 the inspiration branch comprises an oxygen input branch 202 and an air input branch 203, the high-frequency oscillation generating device 30 comprises a first high-frequency generating means 301 and a second high-frequency generating means 302; the oxygen input branch 202 is provided with a first high-frequency generating device 301, and the air input branch 203 is provided with a second high-frequency generating device 302.
The oxygen input branch 202 is connected to an oxygen source interface (O2), oxygen input through the oxygen source interface enters the oxygen input branch 202, the Air input branch 203 is connected to an Air source interface (Air), and Air input through the Air source interface enters the Air input branch 203. The first high-frequency generator 301 and the second high-frequency generator 302 are capable of generating high-frequency oscillations of the oxygen in the oxygen supply branch and of the air in the air supply branch when the medical ventilator is in a high-frequency inspiration phase.
The input proportion of oxygen and air can be controlled according to the sick condition of the patient during the process of inputting oxygen and air so as to meet the requirement of the patient, for example, during the process of inputting oxygen through the oxygen source interface and inputting air through the air source interface, the input is carried out according to the preset input proportion of oxygen and air. Meanwhile, the flow rates of oxygen and air can be adjusted during the process of inputting oxygen and air, so that the first high-frequency generating device 301 and the second high-frequency generating device 302 can generate high-frequency oscillation, for example, the first high-frequency generating device 301 and the second high-frequency generating device 302 are respectively a valve capable of controlling the flow rate, and the oxygen flow rate and the air flow rate are controlled through the valve to generate high-frequency oscillation. In order to be able to supply the patient with gas, the oxygen inlet branch 202 and the air inlet branch 203 in the present exemplary embodiment merge into one branch, which is connected to the patient line via the same branch, so that the patient is supplied with fresh air and oxygen via this branch.
In contrast to fig. 2, which shows that high-frequency oscillations are generated by a first high-frequency generator arranged on the oxygen inlet branch and a second high-frequency generator arranged on the air inlet branch, fig. 3 of the present embodiment provides another way of generating high-frequency oscillations, in fig. 3, the inhalation branch also includes an oxygen inlet branch 202 and an air inlet branch 203, the oxygen inlet branch 202 is connected to an oxygen source interface, oxygen input through the oxygen source interface enters the oxygen inlet branch 202, the air inlet branch 203 is connected to an air source interface, and air input through the air source interface enters the air inlet branch 203.
The difference from that shown in fig. 2 is that: a first one-way air inlet device 204 is arranged on the oxygen input branch 202, and a second one-way air inlet device 205 is arranged on the air input branch 203; the first one-way air inlet device 204 controls the flow of oxygen input into the oxygen input branch; the second one-way air inlet device 205 controls the flow rate of the air input into the air input branch, so that the input ratio of the oxygen and the air is controlled and the flow rate of the oxygen and the air is controlled by the first one-way air inlet device 204 and the second one-way air inlet device 205 without presetting the input ratio of the oxygen and the air in the process of inputting the oxygen and the air through the oxygen source interface and the air source interface; then, the high-frequency oscillation generating device 30 forms high-frequency oscillation between the oxygen supplied to the oxygen supply branch and the air supplied to the air supply branch.
In this embodiment, the HF oscillation generating apparatus 30 may be provided in the branch where the oxygen inlet branch 202 and the air inlet branch 203 join, the joining branch being connected to the patient line, so that oxygen and air can be simultaneously passed through the HF oscillation generating apparatus 30 to form HF oscillations, and then the oxygen and air branched off under the action of the HF oscillations are delivered to the patient via the patient line. The high-frequency oscillation generating device 30 may be, but is not limited to, a valve capable of controlling the flow rate, such as a proportional solenoid valve, an on-off valve, etc., to generate high-frequency oscillation by controlling the flow rate.
The controller 40 controls the exhaust 201 to high frequency exhaust gases exhaled by the patient through the patient circuit when the medical ventilator is in a high frequency exhalation phase.
The high frequency expiratory phase is one operational phase of the medical ventilator, which comprises two operational phases: the medical ventilator comprises a high-frequency inspiration phase and a high-frequency expiration phase, wherein oxygen and fresh air are provided for a patient in the high-frequency inspiration phase, gas in the patient, particularly carbon dioxide, is exhausted in the process of inhaling the oxygen and the fresh air by the patient, the gas is condensed in a breathing circuit, and the gas is exhausted in a high-frequency mode through an exhaust device 201 arranged on the breathing circuit when the medical ventilator is in the high-frequency expiration phase, so that the gas in the breathing circuit can be exhausted quickly and timely.
The points to be explained here are: when the medical ventilator is in the high-frequency expiration phase and when the medical ventilator is in the high-frequency inspiration phase, the medical ventilator does not point to a certain moment, but the medical ventilator is in the high-frequency expiration phase process and in the high-frequency inspiration phase process, the medical ventilator can continuously supply air for the patient in the high-frequency inspiration phase process, and the medical ventilator can actively and continuously exhaust air by the exhaust device 201 in the high-frequency expiration phase process. The controller 40 may also be configured to control the exhaust 201 to stop exhausting when the medical ventilator is in a high frequency inspiratory phase, preventing a reduction in pressure in the breathing circuit via the exhaust 201 during the high frequency inspiratory phase, to ensure that oxygen and air are able to enter the patient during the high frequency inspiratory phase.
In this embodiment, exhaust apparatus 201 can initiatively discharge the gas in the breathing circuit, and exhaust apparatus 201 sets up on breathing circuit for exhaust apparatus 201 can not receive the resistance influence of patient's pipeline in the exhaust process, can accelerate breathing the quick in time discharge of gaseous in the circuit, prevents raising of the average pressure in gas accumulation and the patient's pipeline, guarantees patient life safety.
The effect of passive ventilation through the patient circuit and active ventilation through the ventilator 201 of this embodiment is described below with reference to the drawings in which:
[ correction 12.05.2020 according to rules 91 ] assuming a preset high pressure of 30 cm water (cmH 2O, hereinafter cmH 2O), a preset low pressure of 0, and a desired target mean pressure of 15cmH2O, the patient's life safety can be ensured, the gas pressure in the patient circuit can be varied with the patient's breathing between the preset high pressure and the preset low pressure, forming an airway pressure waveform as shown in FIG. 4, but the minimum pressure in the patient circuit during the evacuation through the patient circuit is greater than the preset low pressure (e.g., the minimum value of the airway pressure waveform in FIG. 4 is greater than the preset low pressure), so that the mean pressure in the patient circuit is greater than the target mean pressure, as shown in FIG. 4, because the gas in the open circuit cannot be evacuated in time, the mean pressure in the patient circuit rises to 22cmH2O, thereby endangering the patient's life.
The active deflation of the deflation device 201 in this embodiment will form an airway pressure waveform as shown in fig. 5, and as can be seen from the airway pressure waveform shown in fig. 5, the lowest pressure in the patient circuit during the active deflation of the deflation device 201 approaches the preset low pressure (e.g. equal to, less than or slightly greater than the preset low pressure at different stages of the deflation process), so that the average pressure in the patient circuit approaches the target average pressure of 15cmH2O, which can ensure the life safety of the patient while the gas in the patient circuit can be timely evacuated.
Besides the medical ventilation devices which exhaust air through an open pipeline, the medical ventilation devices which exhaust air in a mode of vibration mode and the medical ventilation devices which exhaust air in a Venturi jet mode exist at present, wherein, the medical ventilation device exhausting in a diaphragm mode needs a large-volume closed diaphragm cavity to provide positive and negative pressure, the closed diaphragm cavity generates great noise due to the movement of the closed diaphragm cavity in the process of providing the positive and negative pressure, the medical ventilation device exhausting in a Venturi injection mode is driven by a high-pressure air source, the consumption of the air source is large, and the medical ventilation device which uses the exhaust device 201 to actively exhaust air provided by the embodiment omits the sealing diaphragm cavity and the driving of the high-pressure air source, therefore, the medical ventilator of this embodiment has the advantages of small size, low noise, fast response and low gas source consumption compared to the two conventional medical ventilators.
Referring to fig. 6, which shows another structure of a medical ventilator according to an embodiment of the present invention, on the basis of the medical ventilator shown in fig. 1, an acquisition device 206 is further disposed on the breathing circuit 20, the acquisition device 206 acquires a pressure in the breathing circuit, and the corresponding controller 40 controls an exhaust flow of the exhaust device 201 according to the pressure in the breathing circuit 20.
Specifically, the pressure in the breathing circuit 20 is in a direct proportion relation with the exhaust flow of the exhaust device 201, and the larger the pressure in the breathing circuit 20 is, the more the gas accumulation in the patient circuit is, the exhaust flow of the exhaust device 201 needs to be increased at this time, so that the gas exhausted by the exhaust device 201 in unit time is increased, and the gas in the patient circuit can be exhausted in time; if a lower pressure in the breathing circuit 20 indicates a lower accumulation of gas in the patient circuit, the exhaust flow rate of the exhaust 201 may be decreased such that the exhaust gas from the exhaust 201 per unit time is decreased to maintain the pressure of the gas in the patient circuit close to the predetermined low pressure.
In the present embodiment, the manner of controlling the exhaust flow rate of the exhaust device 201 may be, but is not limited to: at least one of the opening duration, the opening frequency, and the opening angle of the exhaust device 201 is controlled. It can be understood that: the larger the opening angle means the larger the opening of the exhaust device 201 is, the more gas is discharged from the opening of the exhaust device 201 per unit time; the opening duration represents the time that the exhaust device 201 is continuously opened during the high-frequency expiration phase of the medical ventilator, the longer the opening duration is, the more gas is exhausted, and if the exhaust device 201 is opened for multiple times during the high-frequency expiration phase, the opening duration represents the duration of one opening or the sum of the durations of the multiple openings, and the durations of the different times of opening may be the same or different; the opening frequency indicates the number of times the ventilator 201 is opened during the high frequency expiratory phase of the medical ventilator, and the larger the opening frequency, the more the ventilator 201 is opened, and the more gas is exhausted through the ventilator 201 during the high frequency expiratory phase.
During the use of the medical ventilator, at least one of the opening duration, the opening frequency and the opening angle of the exhaust device 201 may be controlled simultaneously, as in the case of controlling the opening duration and the opening angle to control the exhaust flow rate, which will not be described in detail herein.
In this embodiment, the controller 40 can control the exhaust flow of the exhaust device 201 according to the pressure change in the breathing circuit, so that the exhaust of the exhaust device 201 can change along with the pressure change in the breathing circuit, and thus, the gas in the patient circuit can be timely exhausted, the gas pressure in the patient circuit can be maintained close to the preset low pressure, and the life safety of the patient can be ensured.
In this embodiment, the pressure collected by the collecting device 206 may be, but is not limited to: the pressure generated by pressure generator 207 disposed on the breathing circuit, as shown in fig. 7, wherein pressure generator 207 may be disposed on a side of the breathing circuit proximate to the patient circuit, the breathing circuit connecting the gas source interface 10 and the patient circuit 50 connected to the patient breathing system, respectively, the gas flowing through the patient circuit will pass through pressure generator 207, so that pressure generator 207 can generate pressure under the action of the gas flowing through the patient circuit, and the pressure generated by pressure generator 207 is collected by the collecting device 206. Wherein the gas flowing through the patient circuit may be gas delivered to the patient by the medical ventilator during a high frequency inspiratory phase and gas exhaled by the patient by the medical ventilator during a high frequency expiratory phase, and wherein the pressure generator 207 may generate pressure from the gas during the high frequency inspiratory phase and during the high frequency expiratory phase of the medical ventilator.
Because pressure generator 207 may be disposed on the breathing circuit, particularly on a side of the breathing circuit proximate the patient circuit, such that the pressure generated by pressure generator 207 is proximate the pressure in the patient circuit, control of exhaust 201 based on the pressure in the patient circuit is achieved.
The points to be explained here are: the breathing circuit 20 may further include an exhalation branch, one end of the exhalation branch is connected to the patient circuit after being merged with the inhalation branch, and the other end of the exhalation branch is communicated with the atmosphere, as shown in fig. 8, wherein an exhaust device 201 is disposed on the exhalation branch, and the gas in the patient circuit is exhausted to the atmosphere through the exhaust device 201. The exhaust device 201 is disposed outside the expiration branch, and the collecting device and the pressure generator 207 may be disposed at a junction of the expiration branch and the inspiration branch, or may be disposed on the patient line, which is not limited in this embodiment.
With respect to the medical ventilator, an optional structure of the exhaust device 201 in this embodiment is: the exhaust device 201 includes a switching element for blocking the breathing circuit and a driving device for controlling the switching element to be switched on and off at a high frequency. The switching element capable of blocking the breathing circuit is used for blocking the breathing circuit from being communicated with the atmosphere when the medical ventilating device is in a high-frequency inspiration phase, so that gas can be conveyed into a patient body through the breathing circuit, the switching element enables the breathing circuit to be communicated with the atmosphere when the medical ventilating device is in a high-frequency expiration phase, and gas in a patient pipeline connected with the breathing circuit is exhausted through the switching element.
For the driving device, the switching element is controlled to be opened during the high-frequency expiration phase of the medical ventilation equipment, so that the breathing circuit is communicated with the atmosphere; the switching element is controlled to close during a high frequency inspiration phase of the medical ventilator to block communication between the breathing circuit and the atmosphere.
The driving device can be a motor for providing electric support for the switch element, for example, the driving device can be a voice coil motor capable of linear bidirectional movement, the switch element is driven by the voice coil motor, and the voice coil motor can output acting force according to current proportion because the voice coil motor is a motor capable of linear bidirectional movement, so that the switch element can be controlled to be opened and closed rapidly, the switch element is communicated with the atmosphere when opened, and is blocked from being communicated with the atmosphere when closed. And certain negative pressure suction can be generated at the moment when the switch element is opened, so that the gas can be discharged more effectively without being influenced by gas path discharge resistance, tidal volume and ventilation frequency, and the average pressure is ensured not to be increased due to slow gas discharge caused by the factors.
In the present embodiment, the process of the controller 40 and the driving device controlling the switching elements is as follows:
the controller 40 sends a drive signal to the drive means in response to the pressure in the breathing circuit when the medical ventilator is in a high frequency expiratory phase. The driving device controls at least one of the opening and closing angle, the opening frequency and the opening duration of the exhaust port of the switching element according to the driving signal, so as to realize active exhaust and control of exhaust flow through controlling at least one of the opening and closing angle, the opening and closing frequency and the opening duration, the opening and closing angle indicates the opening and closing amount of the exhaust port, the larger the opening and closing amount is, the larger the communication port between the breathing circuit and the atmosphere is, the larger the corresponding exhaust flow is, the smaller the opening and closing amount is, the smaller the communication port between the breathing circuit and the atmosphere is, the smaller the corresponding exhaust flow is, and the description of the opening frequency and the opening duration refers to the above description, which is not repeated herein.
Wherein, one form of the driving signal sent by the controller 40 may be a control waveform to make the driving device control the switching element through at least one waveform, and the manner of the controller 40 generating the control waveform may be, but is not limited to: the controller 40 generates a control waveform for controlling the exhaust device according to the pressure in the breathing circuit, so that the control waveform is associated with the pressure in the breathing circuit, and the specific control waveform can control at least one of the opening and closing angle, the opening frequency and the opening duration of the exhaust port of the switch element to be associated with the pressure in the breathing circuit, so that the switch element can timely exhaust the gas and maintain the average pressure in the patient circuit close to the preset low pressure. The control waveform may be, but is not limited to: any one of sine wave, cosine wave, square wave, triangular wave, exponential function waveform and N-th order function waveform, wherein N is more than or equal to 2.
In this embodiment, the switch element may be any valve capable of blocking the breathing circuit, for example, the switch element may include any one of a proportional exhaust valve, a switch valve and a solenoid valve, and the control waveform generated by the controller 40 may be different for different switch elements because the opening and closing angles of the exhaust ports of the switch valve and the solenoid valve are fixed although the switch valve and the solenoid valve have two modes of opening and closing, so the control waveform suitable for the switch valve and the solenoid valve may be a waveform that controls the opening and closing of the switch valve and the solenoid valve but cannot change the opening and closing angles thereof, the control waveform corresponding to the corresponding switch valve and the solenoid valve may be a square wave, and in the case of the square wave, the duty ratio of the control waveform is associated with the pressure in the breathing circuit, wherein the duty ratio is used for indicating the duration of the opening of the exhaust port of the switch element, to enable the gas in the patient circuit to be timely vented by a duty cycle associated with the pressure in the breathing circuit. For the proportional exhaust valve, the opening and closing angle of the exhaust port of the proportional exhaust valve is controllable, so that the control waveform corresponding to the proportional exhaust valve is any one of the sine wave, the cosine wave, the square wave, the triangular wave, the exponential function waveform and the N-order function waveform, and N is greater than or equal to 2.
The points to be explained here are: during the high frequency expiratory phase of the medical ventilator, if the exhaust 201 is opened quickly and the exhaust port of the exhaust is too large, an excessive negative pressure suction is generated, so that the negative pressure in the patient circuit overshoots, and the amplitude oscillation of the airway pressure waveform of the patient circuit is insufficient, as shown in fig. 9. In fig. 9 the exhaust 201 rapidly opens an oversized exhaust port so that the gas in the patient circuit is rapidly drawn causing negative overshoot of low pressure (marker a in fig. 9) in the patient circuit, which in turn causes the lack of oscillation in amplitude as indicated by marker B in fig. 9.
In order to solve this problem, the switching element in this embodiment employs a proportional exhaust valve, and the control waveform corresponding to the proportional exhaust valve selects a waveform having a certain smooth transition, such as a sine wave, a cosine wave, an exponential function waveform, and an nth function waveform, to control the opening and closing angle of the exhaust port of the proportional exhaust valve to gradually increase, so as to prevent the generation of an excessive negative pressure suction when the proportional exhaust valve is opened. As shown in fig. 10, the control waveform corresponding to the switching element is preferably the waveform on the right side of the arrow in fig. 10, and the opening and closing angle of the exhaust port may be gradually increased in the process of controlling the exhaust device 201 by the waveform on the right side of the arrow, compared with the waveform on the left side of the arrow.
In this embodiment, the exhaust device 201 may further include a turbine negative pressure device, and the turbine negative pressure device provides negative pressure suction to the switch element to exhaust the gas in the patient line through the switch element and the turbine negative pressure device in sequence. During the high-frequency expiration phase of the medical ventilation equipment, the turbine negative pressure device generates negative pressure suction, and under the action of the negative pressure suction, the gas in the patient pipeline is sucked out of the exhaust port of the switch element through the breathing circuit and then is exhausted to the atmosphere through the cavity of the turbine negative pressure device.
In addition to being able to exhaust air through the exhaust 201, the pressure generator 207 in this embodiment is also able to exhaust air when the medical ventilator is in the high frequency expiratory phase and/or in the high frequency inspiratory phase to exhaust a portion of the air through the pressure generator 207, and in particular to exhaust air through the pressure generator 207 during the high frequency inspiratory phase of the medical ventilator to maintain the maximum pressure in the patient circuit close to the preset high pressure, preventing a certain risk due to the excessively high maximum pressure.
Wherein the displacement of the pressure generator is affected by the type of pressure generator and the type of patient circuit. The different types of pressure generators are different in structure, the structure of the pressure generators limits the exhaust of the pressure generators, and therefore the exhaust amount of the different types of pressure generators is different, for example, the exhaust caliber of the different types of pressure generators is different, the size of the exhaust caliber is in direct proportion to the exhaust amount, the larger the exhaust caliber is, the larger the exhaust amount is, the smaller the exhaust amount is. In the same way, the structures of different types of patient pipelines are different, and in the process of conveying the same amount of gas to patient pipelines with different structures, the pressure generated by the patient pipelines with different structures is high or low, generally, the higher the pressure is, the more the outward displacement is, otherwise, the less the displacement is, so that the pressure corresponding to the type of the patient pipeline also influences the displacement of the pressure generator, for example, the pipe diameters of the patient pipelines with different types are different, and the size of the pipe diameter is in direct proportion to the size of the pressure, so that the same amount of gas is conveyed to the patient pipelines with different pipe diameters, and the generated pressure is different.
In this embodiment, the pressure generator is used to exhaust the gas in the patient circuit during the high-frequency expiration phase and/or the high-frequency inspiration phase of the medical ventilator, so as to reduce the pressure in the patient circuit during the high-frequency inspiration phase, so that the maximum pressure in the patient circuit is close to the preset high pressure, thereby preventing a certain risk caused by the excessively high maximum pressure, and assisting the exhaust device 201 in exhausting during the high-frequency expiration phase, thereby improving the exhaust efficiency.
While the above description has been directed primarily to the exsufflation process of a medical ventilator, the following description is directed to the control process of a medical ventilator based on the mean pressure associated with a target amplitude and breathing ratio (the ratio of time during the expiratory phase to the inspiratory phase), with the mean pressure also being affected by the maximum output capacity of the medical ventilator. If the output capacity of the medical ventilator exceeds the maximum output capacity due to an excessive leakage at the patient line end or an excessive lung volume of the patient, the medical ventilator operates at the maximum output capacity, so that the average pressure deviates from the target average pressure, for example, the average pressure is lower than the target average pressure or the average pressure is higher than the target average pressure, if the average pressure is higher than the target average pressure, the lung of the patient may be over-inflated to cause injury, and if the average pressure is lower than the target average pressure, the oxygenation of the patient may be insufficient, so that it is necessary to control according to the average pressure, and the control process is as follows:
in this embodiment, the medical ventilation apparatus may further include: an output capability acquiring means for acquiring a current output capability of the medical ventilator; wherein the current output capability is used to characterize whether the medical ventilator is operating at a maximum load, for example, the output capability of the medical ventilator is represented by an operating current or an operating voltage of the medical ventilator, and if the operating current or the operating voltage of the medical ventilator reaches a maximum value, it indicates that the current output capability of the medical ventilator reaches the maximum output capability, and thus, the output capability obtaining device may include: an electrical parameter acquisition unit, wherein the electrical parameter acquisition unit acquires a current working current or working voltage of the medical ventilator, wherein the working current or working voltage is used to indicate a current output capability of the medical ventilator.
When the medical ventilation equipment is in the high-frequency inspiration phase, the working current or working voltage of the medical ventilation equipment can be represented by the working current or working voltage of the high-frequency oscillation generating equipment, and if the working current or working voltage of the high-frequency oscillation generating equipment reaches the maximum value, the current output capacity of the medical ventilation equipment reaches the maximum output capacity in the high-frequency inspiration phase; when the medical ventilator is in the high-frequency expiration phase, the working current or working voltage of the medical ventilator can be represented by the working current or working voltage of the exhaust device, and if the working current or working voltage of the exhaust device reaches the maximum value, the current output capacity of the medical ventilator reaches the maximum output capacity in the high-frequency expiration phase.
After the output capability means acquires the current output capability of the medical ventilator, the current output capability of the medical ventilator is sent to the controller 40, and the controller 40 determines whether the current output capability reaches the maximum output capability.
The acquisition device 206 further obtains an average pressure corresponding to the breathing circuit when the current output capacity of the medical ventilator is the maximum output capacity of the medical ventilator, and sends an indication signal for obtaining the average pressure to the acquisition device 206 if the controller 40 determines that the current output capacity reaches the maximum output capacity.
In this embodiment, the manner of acquiring the average pressure corresponding to the breathing circuit by the acquisition device 206 includes, but is not limited to: the acquisition device 206 acquires a maximum pressure value and a minimum pressure value corresponding to the breathing circuit, and calculates an average pressure according to the maximum pressure value and the minimum pressure value. The acquisition device 206 may acquire at least one maximum pressure value and at least one minimum pressure value during the working process of the medical ventilation apparatus, and the acquisition device 206 obtains a maximum target pressure value for calculating an average pressure according to the at least one maximum pressure value, for example, one maximum pressure value is selected from the maximum pressure values as a maximum target pressure value, or multiple maximum pressure values are averaged/weighted and averaged to obtain a maximum target pressure value; the same collecting device 206 may obtain a minimum target pressure value for calculating the average pressure according to at least one minimum pressure value, and the collecting device 206 calculates an average value of the maximum target pressure value and the minimum target pressure value, where the average value is the average pressure corresponding to the breathing circuit.
The maximum pressure value and the minimum pressure value are actual pressure values in the using process of the medical ventilation equipment, the preset high pressure and the preset low pressure are expected pressure values set in the using process or before the using process of the medical ventilation equipment, and the actual pressure values have certain deviation relative to the expected pressure values.
The controller 40 also decreases a target amplitude of the medical ventilator when the average pressure does not reach a target average pressure, wherein the target amplitude is a difference between a preset high pressure corresponding to the breathing circuit during the high frequency inspiratory phase and a preset low pressure corresponding to the breathing circuit during the high frequency expiratory phase.
If the current output capacity of the medical ventilator is the maximum output capacity but the average pressure does not reach the target average pressure, which indicates that the average pressure of the medical ventilator cannot be guaranteed to be consistent with the target average pressure even under the maximum output capacity, then the target amplitude of the medical ventilator needs to be adjusted to adjust the target average pressure, so that the average pressure is consistent with the target average pressure during the maximum output capacity of the medical ventilator, and the risk caused by the average pressure being greater than or less than the target average pressure is reduced. Wherein the controller 40 adjusts the target amplitude of the medical ventilator during a period when the current output capacity of the medical ventilator is the maximum output capacity and the average pressure does not reach the target average pressure as follows:
if the average pressure in the breathing circuit does not reach the target average pressure during the high-frequency expiration phase, increasing the preset low pressure; if the average pressure does not reach the target average pressure due to the pressure in the breathing circuit during the high frequency inspiration phase, the predetermined high pressure is reduced.
It can be understood that: the average pressure not reaching the target average pressure may be caused by the preset low pressure being too low and the preset high pressure being too high, so the controller 40 needs to first determine whether the average pressure does not reach the target average pressure due to the preset low pressure or the preset high pressure, and then adjust the preset low pressure or the preset high pressure to achieve the adjustment of the target amplitude. If the average pressure in the breathing circuit during the high-frequency expiration phase does not reach the target average pressure, it indicates that the active exhaust of the exhaust device 201 cannot be performed due to excessive gas in the patient circuit, and the pressure in the patient circuit is reduced to the preset low pressure or indicates that the preset low pressure is too low, and at this time, the controller 40 may increase the preset low pressure; if the pressure in the breathing circuit during the high frequency inspiratory phase causes the average pressure to not reach the target average pressure, indicating insufficient gas is delivered to the breathing circuit or indicating a preset high pressure that is too high, the controller 40 may decrease the preset high pressure.
After the controller 40 reduces the target amplitude, the controller 40 may further continuously monitor whether the average pressure reaches the target average pressure, and if the average pressure does not reach the target average pressure continuously within a preset time after the target amplitude of the medical ventilator is reduced, it indicates that the medical ventilator may have a fault, and therefore a prompt message needs to be output for prompting, which corresponds to the medical ventilator in this embodiment, further includes: a prompting device; the controller 40 is configured to control the prompting device to output a prompt message if the average pressure continues to not reach the target average pressure within a preset time after the target amplitude of the medical ventilator is reduced, where the prompt message is used to indicate that the medical ventilator has a fault and needs to be manually checked.
If the current output capacity of the medical ventilator is the maximum output capacity but the average pressure reaches the target average pressure, indicating that the medical ventilator can be maintained at the preset low pressure and the preset high pressure, the controller 40 may control the breathing circuit at the target amplitude; alternatively, if the current output capacity of the medical ventilator does not reach the maximum output capacity of the medical ventilator, the controller 40 may control the breathing circuit at the target amplitude, i.e., if the current output capacity of the medical ventilator does not reach the maximum output capacity, the controller 40 may increase the output capacity of the medical ventilator to achieve the target average pressure even though the average pressure does not reach the target average pressure, and thus in such a case, the controller 40 may continue to control the breathing circuit at the target amplitude.
The control of the target amplitude is realized according to the average pressure and the current output capacity of the medical ventilator, so that the average pressure of the medical ventilator is consistent with the target average pressure, and the danger caused by the inconsistency of the average pressure and the target average pressure is reduced.
In this embodiment, the medical ventilator may further control each device in the breathing circuit, and the corresponding medical ventilator further includes: the working parameter acquiring device acquires working parameters of each device arranged in the air source interface and the breathing circuit, for example, acquires working parameters of an exhaust device, a pressure generator and the like, the working parameter of any device is used for indicating the current load of the device, for example, the working parameter of any device can be the working current or the working voltage of the device, so as to determine whether the device works under the maximum load through the working current or the working voltage, and the specific description refers to the corresponding description of the output capacity acquiring device, and the detailed description is not repeated here.
An acquisition device 206, which also acquires the pressure in the breathing circuit during the formation of the high-frequency oscillations; the controller 40 further obtains a pressure amplitude corresponding to the breathing circuit according to the pressure in the breathing circuit, where the pressure amplitude is a pressure difference between a maximum pressure value and a minimum pressure value in the breathing circuit, such as an amplitude (actual amplitude) corresponding to the airway pressure waveform in the effect diagram shown in fig. 5. If the pressure amplitude corresponding to the breathing circuit does not reach the target amplitude, the controller 40 adjusts the operating parameters of each device, wherein the target amplitude is the difference between the preset high pressure corresponding to the breathing circuit during the high-frequency inspiration phase and the preset low pressure corresponding to the breathing circuit during the high-frequency expiration phase (i.e., the desired amplitude).
If the pressure amplitude corresponding to the breathing circuit does not reach the target amplitude, it indicates that at least one of the maximum pressure value and the minimum pressure value corresponding to the breathing circuit does not reach the preset pressure, and if the maximum pressure value does not reach the preset high pressure and/or the minimum pressure value does not reach the preset low pressure, the controller 40 needs to adjust the operating parameters of each device so that the pressure amplitude reaches the target amplitude, and the adjusting process includes, but is not limited to, the following manners:
if the pressure amplitude corresponding to the breathing circuit does not reach the target amplitude, the controller 40 obtains a compensation parameter of the operating parameter of each device according to a difference between the pressure amplitude corresponding to the breathing circuit and the target amplitude, wherein the compensation parameter of the operating parameter of each device is used for adjusting the operating parameter of each device, and the compensation parameter has a one-to-one relationship with the device, so as to adjust the operating parameter of the device through the compensation parameter of any device, for example, reduce the operating parameter of the device or increase the operating parameter of the device through the compensation parameter of the device.
For example, if the pressure amplitude corresponding to the breathing circuit is smaller than the target amplitude, the pressure amplitude corresponding to the breathing circuit is increased, and one way to increase the pressure amplitude is: if the pressure amplitude corresponding to the breathing circuit is smaller than the target amplitude, obtaining a compensation parameter for increasing high-frequency oscillation, wherein increasing the high-frequency oscillation means increasing the oscillation amplitude of the gas in the patient pipeline to increase the pressure amplitude corresponding to the breathing circuit, if the pressure amplitude is smaller than the target amplitude because the low pressure is smaller than the preset low pressure, the operating parameter of the device for exhausting can be increased to increase the exhaust flow, for example, the operating parameter of the exhaust device is increased to increase the exhaust flow of the exhaust device in unit time, and if the pressure amplitude is smaller than the target amplitude because the high pressure is smaller than the preset high pressure, the operating parameter of the device for introducing air can be increased to increase the intake flow, for example, the operating parameter of the high-frequency oscillation generating device; if the pressure amplitude corresponding to the breathing circuit is greater than the target amplitude, the pressure amplitude corresponding to the breathing circuit is reduced, wherein one way to reduce the pressure amplitude corresponding to the breathing circuit is: if the pressure amplitude corresponding to the breathing circuit is larger than the target amplitude, a compensation parameter for reducing the high-frequency oscillation is obtained, wherein the reducing of the high-frequency oscillation means that the oscillation amplitude of the gas in the patient circuit is reduced to reduce the pressure amplitude corresponding to the breathing circuit, and similarly if the pressure amplitude is larger than the target amplitude because the low pressure is smaller than the preset low pressure, the operating parameter of the device for exhausting can be reduced to reduce the exhaust flow, for example, the operating parameter of the exhaust device is reduced to reduce the exhaust flow of the exhaust device in unit time, and if the pressure amplitude is larger than the target amplitude because the high pressure is larger than the preset high pressure, the operating parameter of the device for intaking can be reduced to reduce the intake flow, for example, the operating parameter of the high-frequency oscillation generating device.
If the pressure amplitude corresponding to the breathing circuit reaches the target amplitude, the controller 40 maintains the working parameters of each device, and if the pressure amplitude corresponding to the breathing circuit reaches the target amplitude, which indicates that the working parameters of each device in the breathing circuit can meet the requirements of the preset low pressure and the preset high pressure, the controller 40 may continue to use the current working parameters of each device to control each device.
The points to be explained here are: the foregoing is merely illustrative of some of the devices in a medical ventilator, and for a medical ventilator that includes other devices in addition to the various devices mentioned above, as shown in fig. 11 and 12, respectively, which illustrate an alternative configuration of yet another medical ventilator provided by embodiments of the present invention:
as shown in fig. 11, the oxygen source interface is used to access the oxygen source, which is filtered by the filter 3 to prevent impurities from flowing downstream of the oxygen input branch, and protect the devices downstream of the oxygen input branch. The pressure sensor 4 monitors the pressure of the oxygen source interface, and can give an alarm according to a set value when the pressure of the oxygen source interface is too high or too low. The one-way valve 5 prevents the oxygen input branch from flowing reversely, and the flow of oxygen can be controlled through the one-way valve 5. The pressure regulating valve 6 is used for stabilizing the pressure of oxygen input from the oxygen source interface and ensuring the accurate control of downstream flow and pressure. The flow regulating valve 7 is used as a first high-frequency generating device 301 for regulating and controlling the flow of oxygen, the filter 8 further purifies the input oxygen, and the downstream flow sensor 9 is protected from accurately measuring the flow of oxygen, and can play a role in stabilizing the flow speed under some conditions. The air source interface is used for connecting an air source, and the air source prevents impurities from flowing into the downstream of the air input branch through the filter 11, so that devices positioned downstream of the air input branch are protected. The pressure sensor 12 monitors the pressure at the air source interface and the device can alarm according to a set value when the pressure is too high or too low. The check valve 13 prevents the reverse flow of air in the air input branch and also controls the flow rate of air through the check valve 13. The pressure regulating valve 14 is used for stabilizing the pressure of air input from the air source interface and ensuring accurate control of downstream flow and pressure. The flow regulating valve 15 is used as a second high-frequency generating device 302 for regulating and controlling the flow of air, the filter 16 further purifies the input air, and the downstream flow sensor 17 is protected from accurately measuring the air flow, and can play a role in stabilizing the flow speed under some conditions. The flow regulating valve 7 as the first high-frequency generating device 301 and the flow regulating valve 15 as the second high-frequency generating device 302 respectively control the flow of oxygen and air, so as to control the oxygen concentration in the mixed gas and form high-frequency oscillation to enable oxygen and fresh air to be delivered into the patient pipeline. The flow regulating valves 7 and 15 can be proportional solenoid valves, blocking valves, switching valves and other servo valves capable of regulating flow, and can achieve the purpose of conveying gas to the patient pipeline. The one-way valve 19 prevents the patient 23 from entering the oxygen inlet branch and the air inlet branch during expiration (i.e. during the high frequency expiration phase). The safety valve 20 is opened when the pressure in the breathing circuit reaches the maximum set value, so that the gas is led to the atmosphere, the purpose of pressure relief is achieved, and the danger caused by overhigh pressure is prevented; in addition, if the front end of the safety valve 20 does not provide enough inhaled gas, the safety valve 20 is switched to the atmosphere, and the patient can inhale gas from the atmosphere. The humidifier 21 heats and humidifies the gas inhaled by the patient, so that the temperature and humidity of the gas inhaled by the patient and the comfort of the patient are ensured. Pressure generator 25 (corresponding to pressure generator 207 described above) generates pressure such that a portion of the gas enters the patient and another portion of the gas is exhausted through pressure generator 25, and the magnitude of the patient's airway pressure is monitored by proximal pressure sensor 24. During the high-frequency suction phase, the flow rate adjusting valve 7 as the first high-frequency generating device 301 and the flow rate adjusting valve 15 as the second high-frequency generating device 302 control the flow rate increase to generate a high pressure, and the proportional exhaust valve 22 as the exhaust device 201 is in a flow-restricted state to prevent a pressure drop. During the high-frequency expiration phase, the flow control valve 7 as the first high-frequency generating device 301 and the flow control valve 15 as the second high-frequency generating device 302 control the flow to be rapidly reduced, and simultaneously, the proportional exhaust valve 22 performs active exhaust control to release pressure, so that the high-frequency oscillation effect is achieved through the cyclic control.
The medical ventilator of fig. 12 differs from the medical ventilator of fig. 11 in that: the medical ventilator shown in fig. 12 omits the pressure regulating valve 6 and the pressure regulating valve 14, and adds a flow regulating valve 18 to save cost. The high-frequency oscillation is generated by the flow regulating valve 18, whereas the flow regulating valves 7 and 15 are only used for flow regulation, and in a medical ventilator that omits the pressure regulating valve 6 and the pressure regulating valve 14, it is necessary to set the input ratio of oxygen and air before delivering the gas to the oxygen source interface and the air source interface.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a control method of the medical ventilation device, wherein the medical ventilation device comprises an air source interface, a breathing loop, a high-frequency oscillation generating device and a controller, an exhaust device is arranged on the breathing loop, and the breathing loop is respectively connected with the air source interface and a patient pipeline connected with a respiratory system of a patient.
Wherein a controller in the medical ventilator performs a method of controlling the medical ventilator, a flow chart of the method of controlling the medical ventilator is shown in fig. 13, and may include the steps of:
501: the gas in the inspiration branch of the breathing circuit is brought into high frequency oscillation by a high frequency oscillation generating device. The way in which the inspiration branch and the high frequency oscillation generating device form high frequency oscillation includes, but is not limited to, the following:
one way is as follows: the inspiration branch comprises an oxygen input branch and an air input branch, and the high-frequency oscillation generating device comprises a first high-frequency generating device and a second high-frequency generating device. Be provided with first high frequency generating device on the oxygen input branch road, be provided with second high frequency generating device on the air input branch road, corresponding gas formation high frequency oscillation in with breathing circuit's the branch road of breathing in through high frequency oscillation generating device includes: the oxygen in the oxygen supply branch and the air in the air supply branch are brought into high-frequency oscillation by the first and second high-frequency generating means when the medical ventilation device is in a high-frequency inspiration phase.
In another mode: the air suction branch comprises an oxygen input branch and an air input branch, a first one-way air inlet device is arranged on the oxygen input branch, and a second one-way air inlet device is arranged on the air input branch. The corresponding control method of the medical ventilator further comprises the following steps: controlling the flow of oxygen into the oxygen inlet branch by means of the first one-way inlet means and the flow of air into the air inlet branch by means of the second one-way inlet means, the forming of the gas in the inspiration branch of the breathing circuit into high-frequency oscillations by means of the high-frequency oscillation generating device comprising: the oxygen input in the oxygen input branch and the air input in the air input branch form high-frequency oscillation through high-frequency oscillation generating equipment.
For the description of the high-frequency oscillation generating device for generating high-frequency oscillation and the inspiration branch, refer to the description of the above device embodiment, and will not be described in detail here.
502: and when the medical ventilation device is in a high-frequency expiration phase, controlling the exhaust device to exhaust gas exhaled by the patient through the patient pipeline at high frequency.
In this embodiment, the exhaust device includes a switching element that can block the breathing circuit and a driving device that controls the switching element to open and close at high frequency, and the switching element includes a proportional exhaust valve or a switching valve or a solenoid valve. Ways in which the exhaust device is controlled to high frequency exhaust gases exhaled by the patient through the patient circuit include, but are not limited to:
when the medical ventilation equipment is in a high-frequency expiration stage, a driving signal is sent to a driving device according to the pressure in the breathing loop; at least one of the opening angle, the opening frequency and the opening duration of the exhaust port of the switching element is controlled by the driving device according to the driving signal, so that the purpose of exhausting gas at high frequency is achieved. The driving signal may be in the form of a control waveform, and the control waveform may be generated to control the exhaust device according to the pressure in the breathing circuit, for example, the control waveform may be any one of a sine wave, a cosine wave, a square wave, a triangular wave, an exponential function waveform, and an nth function waveform, where N is greater than or equal to 2. When the control waveform is a square wave, the duty cycle of the control waveform is related to the pressure in the breathing circuit.
In addition, the exhaust device also comprises a turbine negative pressure device, and the corresponding exhaust device high-frequency exhaust control device also comprises: the negative pressure suction is provided to the switch element by the turbine negative pressure device, so that the gas in the patient pipeline is discharged through the switch element and the turbine negative pressure device in sequence.
For the above description of the high-frequency exhaust of the exhaust device and the structure of the exhaust device, please refer to the above embodiments, which are not described herein again.
In this embodiment, control exhaust apparatus initiative will breathe the gaseous discharge in the return circuit, and exhaust apparatus sets up on breathing the return circuit for exhaust apparatus can not receive the resistance influence of patient's pipeline at the exhaust in-process, can accelerate breathing the quick in time discharge of gaseous in the return circuit, prevents raising of average pressure in gaseous accumulation and the patient's pipeline, guarantees patient life safety.
Referring to fig. 14, which shows a flowchart of another method for controlling a medical ventilator according to an embodiment of the present invention, on the basis of fig. 13, the method may further include the following steps:
503: the pressure in the breathing circuit is detected by a detection device on the breathing circuit, wherein the pressure in the breathing circuit is generated by a pressure generator arranged on the breathing circuit, and the pressure generator generates the pressure under the action of the gas flowing through the patient circuit.
504: the exhaust flow of the exhaust is controlled in accordance with the pressure in the breathing circuit. Specifically, the pressure in the breathing circuit is in a direct proportion relation with the exhaust flow of the exhaust device, the larger the pressure in the breathing circuit is, the more the gas accumulation in the patient pipeline is, the exhaust flow of the exhaust device needs to be increased at the moment, so that the gas exhausted by the exhaust device in unit time is increased, and the gas in the patient pipeline can be exhausted in time; if a lower pressure in the breathing circuit indicates a lower accumulation of gas in the patient circuit, the exhaust flow rate of the exhaust may be reduced such that the exhaust gas per unit time is reduced to maintain the pressure of the gas in the patient circuit close to the predetermined low pressure.
In the present embodiment, the manner of controlling the exhaust gas flow volume of the exhaust device may be, but is not limited to: at least one of the duration, frequency and angle of opening of the exhaust means is controlled, see the above description.
In this embodiment, the controller can control the exhaust flow of the exhaust device according to the change of the pressure in the breathing circuit, so that the exhaust of the exhaust device can change along with the change of the pressure in the breathing circuit, thereby not only timely exhausting the gas in the patient pipeline, but also maintaining the gas pressure in the patient pipeline close to the preset low pressure, and ensuring the life safety of the patient.
In this embodiment, the method for controlling a medical ventilator may further include: when the medical ventilation device is in the high-frequency inspiration phase, the exhaust device is controlled to stop exhausting so as to prevent gas from being delivered to a patient in time due to too low pressure in the high-frequency inspiration phase. In addition, the control method of the medical ventilation device can also comprise the following steps: the medical ventilator is vented through the pressure generator when in a high frequency expiratory phase and/or when in a high frequency inspiratory phase. The type of the pressure generator and the type of the patient pipeline influence the exhaust amount of the pressure generator, the pressure generator exhausts gas in the patient pipeline when the medical ventilation device is in a high-frequency expiration stage and/or in a high-frequency inspiration stage process, the pressure in the patient pipeline can be reduced in the high-frequency inspiration stage process, the highest pressure in the patient pipeline is close to a preset high pressure, certain risks caused by overhigh highest pressure are prevented, the exhaust device 201 can be assisted to exhaust gas in the high-frequency expiration stage process, and the exhaust efficiency is improved.
Referring to fig. 15, which shows a flowchart of a control method of a medical ventilator according to another embodiment of the present invention, the control method may be further controlled according to an average pressure based on fig. 13 or fig. 14, and fig. 15 is a flowchart of the following steps added to fig. 13:
505: a current output capability of the medical ventilator is obtained. Wherein the current operating current or operating voltage of the medical ventilator indicates the current output capability of the medical ventilator.
506: and when the current output capacity of the medical ventilator is the maximum output capacity of the medical ventilator, acquiring the average pressure corresponding to the breathing circuit.
507: and when the average pressure does not reach the target average pressure, reducing the target amplitude of the medical ventilation equipment, wherein the target amplitude is the difference between the preset high pressure corresponding to the breathing circuit in the high-frequency inspiration phase and the preset low pressure corresponding to the breathing circuit in the high-frequency expiration phase. Wherein, when the average pressure does not reach the target average pressure, the method for reducing the target amplitude of the medical ventilator includes, but is not limited to, the following method:
if the average pressure in the breathing circuit does not reach the target average pressure due to the pressure in the high-frequency expiration stage, increasing the preset low pressure; if the average pressure in the breathing circuit during the high-frequency inspiration phase does not reach the target average pressure, the predetermined high pressure is decreased, and how to adjust the pressure is described in the above embodiment of the apparatus.
If the average pressure does not reach the target average pressure continuously within the preset time after the target amplitude is reduced, the method for controlling a medical ventilator according to this embodiment may further control a prompting device in the medical ventilator to output a prompting message.
If the average pressure reaches the target average pressure, the control method of the medical ventilation device provided by the embodiment may further control the breathing circuit with the target amplitude; or if the current output capacity of the medical ventilator does not reach the maximum output capacity of the medical ventilator, the control method of the medical ventilator provided in this embodiment may further control the breathing circuit at the target amplitude.
Referring to fig. 16, which is a flowchart illustrating a method for controlling a medical ventilator according to another embodiment of the present invention, based on fig. 13 to fig. 15, the method may further be controlled according to an average pressure, and fig. 16 is a flowchart adding the following steps to fig. 15:
508: the working parameters of each device arranged in the air source interface and the breathing circuit are obtained, the working parameter of any device is used for indicating the current load of the device, for example, the working parameter of any device can be the working current or the working voltage of the device, so as to determine whether the device works under the maximum load through the working current or the working voltage, and for the specific description, reference is made to the corresponding description of the output capacity obtaining device, and details are not described here.
509: the pressure in the breathing circuit is detected during the formation of the high-frequency oscillations.
510: the corresponding pressure amplitude of the breathing circuit is obtained according to the pressure in the breathing circuit, and the pressure amplitude is the pressure difference between the maximum pressure value and the minimum pressure value in the breathing circuit, such as the amplitude (actual amplitude) corresponding to the airway pressure waveform in the effect diagram shown in fig. 5.
511: and if the pressure amplitude corresponding to the breathing circuit does not reach the target amplitude, adjusting the working parameters of each device, wherein the target amplitude is the difference between the preset high voltage corresponding to the breathing circuit in the high-frequency inspiration phase and the preset low voltage corresponding to the breathing circuit in the high-frequency expiration phase. The method for adjusting the operating parameters of each device in this embodiment includes, but is not limited to, the following methods:
if the pressure amplitude corresponding to the breathing circuit does not reach the target amplitude, obtaining a compensation parameter of the working parameter of each device according to a difference value between the pressure amplitude corresponding to the breathing circuit and the target amplitude, wherein the compensation parameter of the working parameter of each device is used for adjusting the working parameter of each device, and the compensation parameter has a one-to-one relationship with the device, so as to adjust the working parameter of the device through the compensation parameter of any device, for example, reduce the working parameter of the device or increase the working parameter of the device through the compensation parameter of the device.
In this embodiment, the process of obtaining the compensation parameter of the operating parameter of each device is as follows:
if the pressure amplitude corresponding to the breathing circuit is smaller than the target amplitude, the pressure amplitude corresponding to the breathing circuit is increased, and one mode is that if the pressure amplitude corresponding to the breathing circuit is smaller than the target amplitude, a compensation parameter for increasing the high-frequency oscillation is obtained; if the pressure amplitude corresponding to the breathing circuit is larger than the target amplitude, reducing the pressure amplitude corresponding to the breathing circuit, and one way is to obtain a compensation parameter for reducing the high-frequency oscillation if the pressure amplitude corresponding to the breathing circuit is larger than the target amplitude; for a detailed description, reference is made to the above-mentioned embodiments of the apparatus, which are not described in detail herein.
For the method for controlling a medical ventilator, the method for controlling a medical ventilator according to this embodiment may further include: and if the pressure amplitude corresponding to the breathing loop reaches the target amplitude, maintaining the working parameters of each device.
Furthermore, the present embodiments also provide a computer-readable storage medium having executable instructions stored thereon, and configured to cause a processor to execute the executable instructions to implement the control method of the medical ventilator.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, embodiments of the present invention may take the form of a hardware embodiment, a software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, embodiments of the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including magnetic disk storage, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied in the medium.
Embodiments of the present invention are described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program operations. These computer programs may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the operations performed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus produce means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program operations may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the operations stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including operating means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program operations may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the operations executed on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. that are within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the present invention.

Claims (45)

  1. A medical ventilation device comprises an air source interface, a breathing loop, a high-frequency oscillation generating device and a controller, wherein an exhaust device is arranged on the breathing loop;
    the breathing circuit is respectively connected with an air source interface and a patient pipeline connected with a breathing system of a patient, and comprises an inspiration branch;
    the high-frequency oscillation generating device is used for generating high-frequency oscillation on the gas in the gas suction branch;
    the controller controls the exhaust device to exhaust gas exhaled by the patient through the patient pipeline at high frequency when the medical ventilating device is in a high-frequency exhalation stage.
  2. The medical ventilator of claim 1, wherein the breathing circuit further comprises a collection device disposed thereon, the collection device collecting pressure in the breathing circuit;
    the controller controls the exhaust flow of the exhaust device according to the pressure in the breathing circuit.
  3. The medical ventilator of claim 2, wherein the breathing circuit further comprises a pressure generator configured to generate pressure from gas flowing through the patient circuit; the acquisition device acquiring the pressure in the breathing circuit comprises: the collecting device collects the pressure generated by the pressure generator.
  4. The medical ventilator of claim 1, wherein the controller further controls the exhaust to stop exhausting when the medical ventilator is in a high frequency inspiratory phase.
  5. The medical ventilator of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the exhaust means comprises a switching element that can block the breathing circuit and a drive means that controls the switching element to open and close at high frequency.
  6. The medical ventilator of claim 5, wherein the switching element comprises a proportional exhaust valve or an on-off valve or a solenoid valve.
  7. The medical ventilator of claim 5 or 6, wherein the controller sends a drive signal to the drive device as a function of pressure in the breathing circuit when the medical ventilator is in a high frequency expiratory phase;
    the driving device controls at least one of the opening angle, the opening frequency and the opening duration of the exhaust port of the switch element according to the driving signal.
  8. The medical ventilator of claim 7, wherein the controller generates a control waveform for controlling the exhaust, the control waveform being the drive signal, as a function of the pressure in the breathing circuit.
  9. The medical ventilator of claim 8, wherein the control waveform is any one of a sine wave, a cosine wave, a square wave, a triangular wave, an exponential function waveform, and an nth order function waveform, N being greater than or equal to 2.
  10. The medical ventilator of claim 8, wherein a duty cycle of the control waveform is associated with a pressure in the respiratory circuit.
  11. The medical ventilator of any one of claims 5 to 10, wherein the exhaust means further comprises a turbine negative pressure device that provides negative pressure suction to the switching element to cause gas in the patient circuit to be exhausted through the switching element and the turbine negative pressure device in sequence.
  12. The medical ventilator of any one of claims 3 to 11, wherein the pressure generator is further to exhaust when the medical ventilator is in a high frequency expiratory phase and/or in a high frequency inspiratory phase.
  13. The medical ventilator of any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the inspiratory branch comprises an oxygen input branch and an air input branch, and the high-frequency oscillation generating device comprises a first high-frequency generating means and a second high-frequency generating means; the oxygen input branch is provided with the first high-frequency generating device, and the air input branch is provided with the second high-frequency generating device;
    the first and second high frequency generating devices are configured to generate the high frequency oscillations of the oxygen in the oxygen inlet branch and the air in the air inlet branch when the medical ventilator is in a high frequency inspiration phase.
  14. The medical ventilator of any one of claims 1-12, wherein the inspiratory branch comprises an oxygen input branch and an air input branch, wherein a first one-way air intake device is disposed on the oxygen input branch, and a second one-way air intake device is disposed on the air input branch;
    the first one-way air inlet device controls the flow of the oxygen input into the oxygen input branch;
    the second one-way air inlet device controls the flow of the air input into the air input branch;
    the high-frequency oscillation generating device is used for forming high-frequency oscillation between the oxygen input in the oxygen input branch and the air input in the air input branch.
  15. The medical ventilator of any one of claims 1-14, wherein the medical ventilator further comprises:
    an output capability obtaining device for obtaining the current output capability of the medical ventilation equipment;
    the acquisition device is also used for acquiring the average pressure corresponding to the breathing circuit when the current output capacity of the medical ventilation equipment is the maximum output capacity of the medical ventilation equipment;
    the controller is further configured to reduce a target amplitude of the medical ventilator when the average pressure does not reach a target average pressure, wherein the target amplitude is a difference between a preset high pressure corresponding to the breathing circuit during a high-frequency inspiration phase and a preset low pressure corresponding to the breathing circuit during a high-frequency expiration phase.
  16. The medical ventilator of claim 15, wherein the controller is configured to increase the predetermined low pressure if the pressure in the breathing circuit during the high frequency expiratory phase causes the mean pressure to not reach a target mean pressure; and reducing the preset high pressure if the average pressure in the breathing circuit does not reach the target average pressure during a high frequency inspiration phase.
  17. The medical ventilator of claims 15 or 16, wherein the medical ventilator further comprises: a prompting device;
    the controller is further configured to control the prompting device to output a prompting message if the average pressure does not reach the target average pressure continuously within a preset time after the target amplitude of the medical ventilation device is reduced.
  18. The medical ventilator of any one of claims 15-17, wherein the controller is further configured to control the breathing circuit at the target amplitude if the mean pressure reaches the target mean pressure;
    or
    The controller is further configured to control the breathing circuit at the target amplitude if the current output capacity of the medical ventilator does not reach the maximum output capacity of the medical ventilator.
  19. The medical ventilator of any of claims 15-18, wherein the output capability acquisition device comprises an electrical parameter acquisition unit that acquires a current operating current or operating voltage of the medical ventilator, the operating current or operating voltage being indicative of a current output capability of the medical ventilator.
  20. The medical ventilator of any one of claims 1-19, wherein the medical ventilator further comprises:
    the medical ventilation equipment acquires the working parameters of each device arranged in the air source interface and the breathing loop;
    the acquisition device is also used for acquiring the pressure in the breathing circuit in the process of forming the high-frequency oscillation;
    the controller is used for obtaining the pressure amplitude corresponding to the breathing circuit according to the pressure in the breathing circuit, adjusting the working parameters of each device if the pressure amplitude corresponding to the breathing circuit does not reach the target amplitude, wherein the target amplitude is the difference between the preset high pressure corresponding to the breathing circuit in the high-frequency inspiration phase and the preset low pressure corresponding to the breathing circuit in the high-frequency expiration phase.
  21. The medical ventilator of claim 20, wherein the controller is configured to obtain a compensation parameter of the operating parameter of each device according to a difference between the pressure amplitude corresponding to the breathing circuit and the target amplitude if the pressure amplitude corresponding to the breathing circuit does not reach the target amplitude, and the compensation parameter of the operating parameter of each device is used to adjust the operating parameter of each device.
  22. The medical ventilator of claim 20 or 21, wherein the controller is configured to increase the pressure amplitude corresponding to the breathing circuit if the pressure amplitude corresponding to the breathing circuit is less than the target amplitude; and the controller is used for reducing the pressure amplitude corresponding to the breathing circuit if the pressure amplitude corresponding to the breathing circuit is larger than the target amplitude.
  23. A control method for a medical ventilator, the medical ventilator comprising an air source interface, a breathing circuit, a high-frequency oscillation generating device and a controller, the breathing circuit being provided with an exhaust device thereon, the breathing circuit being respectively connected with the air source interface and a patient circuit connected with a respiratory system of a patient, wherein the controller executes the control method, the control method comprising:
    forming the gas in the inspiration branch of the breathing circuit into high-frequency oscillation through the high-frequency oscillation generating device;
    and when the medical ventilation device is in a high-frequency expiration phase, controlling the exhaust device to exhaust gas exhaled by the patient through the patient pipeline at high frequency.
  24. The control method of claim 23, wherein the method further comprises:
    collecting pressure in a breathing circuit through a collecting device on the breathing circuit;
    controlling an exhaust flow of the exhaust device as a function of the pressure in the breathing circuit.
  25. The control method of claim 24, wherein the pressure in the breathing circuit is a pressure generated by a pressure generator disposed on the breathing circuit, the pressure generator generating pressure under the influence of gas flowing through the patient circuit.
  26. The control method of claim 23, wherein the method further comprises:
    and controlling the exhaust device to stop exhausting when the medical ventilation device is in a high-frequency inspiration phase.
  27. The control method according to any one of claims 23 to 26, wherein the exhaust device includes a switching element that can block the breathing circuit and a drive device that controls the switching element to open and close at a high frequency.
  28. A control method according to claim 27, wherein the switching element comprises a proportional exhaust valve or an on-off valve or a solenoid valve.
  29. The control method according to claim 27 or 28, wherein the controlling the exhaust device to high-frequency exhaust gases exhaled by the patient through the patient circuit while the medical ventilator is in a high-frequency exhalation phase comprises:
    when the medical ventilation device is in a high-frequency expiration phase, sending a driving signal to the driving device according to the pressure in the breathing circuit;
    and controlling at least one of an opening angle, an opening frequency and an opening duration of an exhaust port of the switching element by the driving device according to the driving signal.
  30. The method of claim 29, wherein the sending a drive signal to the drive device as a function of the pressure in the breathing circuit while the medical ventilator is in a high frequency expiratory phase comprises:
    generating a control waveform for controlling the exhaust means as a function of the pressure in the breathing circuit;
    transmitting a control waveform as the driving signal to the driving device.
  31. The control method according to claim 30, wherein the control waveform is any one of a sine wave, a cosine wave, a square wave, a triangular wave, an exponential function waveform, and an nth-order function waveform, N being 2 or more.
  32. The control method of claim 31, wherein a duty cycle of the control waveform is associated with a pressure in the breathing circuit.
  33. The method of controlling of any one of claims 27 to 32 wherein the exhaust further comprises a turbine vacuum, and controlling the exhaust to high frequency exhaust gases exhaled by the patient through the patient circuit when the medical ventilator is in a high frequency exhalation phase further comprises:
    and providing negative pressure suction to the switch element through the turbine negative pressure device so that the gas in the patient pipeline is discharged through the switch element and the turbine negative pressure device in sequence.
  34. The control method according to any one of claims 25 to 33, wherein the method further comprises:
    exhausting gas through the pressure generator while the medical ventilator is in a high frequency expiratory phase and/or while in a high frequency inspiratory phase.
  35. A control method according to any one of claims 23 to 34, wherein the inspiration limb comprises an oxygen input limb and an air input limb, the high frequency oscillation generating device comprises a first high frequency generating means and a second high frequency generating means; the oxygen input branch is provided with the first high-frequency generating device, and the air input branch is provided with the second high-frequency generating device;
    the forming of the gas in the inspiration branch of the breathing circuit into high-frequency oscillations by the high-frequency oscillation generating device comprises: the high-frequency oscillations of the oxygen in the oxygen supply branch and of the air in the air supply branch are generated by the first and second high-frequency generating means when the medical ventilator is in a high-frequency inspiration phase.
  36. The control method according to any one of claims 23 to 34, wherein the air intake branch comprises an oxygen input branch and an air input branch, a first one-way air intake device is arranged on the oxygen input branch, and a second one-way air intake device is arranged on the air input branch;
    the method further comprises the following steps:
    controlling the flow rate of oxygen input into the oxygen input branch through the first one-way air inlet device, and controlling the flow rate of air input into the air input branch through the second one-way air inlet device;
    the forming of the gas in the inspiration branch of the breathing circuit into high-frequency oscillations by the high-frequency oscillation generating device comprises: and the high-frequency oscillation generating device forms high-frequency oscillation on the oxygen input in the oxygen input branch and the air input in the air input branch.
  37. The control method according to any one of claims 23 to 36, wherein the method further comprises:
    obtaining a current output capability of the medical ventilator;
    when the current output capacity of the medical ventilator is the maximum output capacity of the medical ventilator, acquiring the average pressure corresponding to the breathing circuit;
    and when the average pressure does not reach the target average pressure, reducing the target amplitude of the medical ventilation equipment, wherein the target amplitude is the difference between a preset high pressure corresponding to the breathing circuit in the high-frequency inspiration phase and a preset low pressure corresponding to the breathing circuit in the high-frequency expiration phase.
  38. The control method of claim 37, wherein the reducing the target amplitude of the medical ventilator when the mean pressure does not reach a target mean pressure comprises:
    if the average pressure does not reach the target average pressure due to the pressure in the breathing circuit in the high-frequency expiration stage, increasing the preset low pressure;
    and if the average pressure does not reach the target average pressure due to the pressure in the breathing circuit in the high-frequency inspiration phase, reducing the preset high pressure.
  39. The control method according to claim 37 or 38, wherein the method further comprises:
    and if the average pressure does not reach the target average pressure continuously within the preset time after the target amplitude of the control method is reduced, controlling a prompting device in the medical ventilation equipment to output prompting information.
  40. The control method of any one of claims 37 to 39, wherein the method further comprises: controlling the breathing circuit at the target amplitude if the average pressure reaches the target average pressure;
    or
    The method further comprises the following steps: controlling the breathing circuit at the target amplitude if the current output capacity of the medical ventilator does not reach the maximum output capacity of the medical ventilator.
  41. The control method of any of claims 37-40, wherein the current operating current or operating voltage of the medical ventilator is indicative of a current output capability of the medical ventilator.
  42. The control method according to any one of claims 23 to 41, wherein the method further comprises:
    acquiring working parameters of each device arranged in the air source interface and the breathing circuit;
    acquiring the pressure in the breathing circuit during the formation of the high-frequency oscillations;
    obtaining a pressure amplitude corresponding to the breathing circuit according to the pressure in the breathing circuit;
    and if the pressure amplitude corresponding to the breathing circuit does not reach the target amplitude, adjusting the working parameters of each device, wherein the target amplitude is the difference between the preset high pressure corresponding to the breathing circuit in the high-frequency inspiration phase and the preset low pressure corresponding to the breathing circuit in the high-frequency expiration phase.
  43. The control method of claim 42, wherein the adjusting the operating parameter of each device if the pressure amplitude associated with the breathing circuit does not reach the target amplitude comprises:
    if the pressure amplitude corresponding to the breathing circuit does not reach the target amplitude, obtaining the compensation parameter of the working parameter of each device according to the difference value between the pressure amplitude corresponding to the breathing circuit and the target amplitude, wherein the compensation parameter of the working parameter of each device is used for adjusting the working parameter of each device.
  44. The method of claim 42 or 43, wherein said deriving a compensation parameter for an operating parameter of the respective device based on a difference between the corresponding pressure amplitude of the breathing circuit and the target amplitude comprises:
    if the pressure amplitude corresponding to the breathing circuit is smaller than the target amplitude, the pressure amplitude corresponding to the breathing circuit is increased;
    and if the pressure amplitude corresponding to the breathing circuit is larger than the target amplitude, reducing the pressure amplitude corresponding to the breathing circuit.
  45. A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon executable instructions configured to cause a processor to implement a method of controlling a medical ventilator as defined in any one of claims 23-44 when the executable instructions are executed by the processor.
CN202080096566.2A 2020-02-20 2020-02-20 Medical ventilation apparatus, control method, and computer-readable storage medium Pending CN115087478A (en)

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CN113730754B (en) * 2021-09-14 2023-08-22 厦门医学院附属第二医院 Air pressure control jet ventilation auxiliary device for hard bronchoscope
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