CN110464945B - System of high-frequency respirator, ventilation control method and device - Google Patents

System of high-frequency respirator, ventilation control method and device Download PDF

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CN110464945B
CN110464945B CN201910807703.8A CN201910807703A CN110464945B CN 110464945 B CN110464945 B CN 110464945B CN 201910807703 A CN201910807703 A CN 201910807703A CN 110464945 B CN110464945 B CN 110464945B
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frequency
current
pressure
patient end
end pressure
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CN110464945A (en
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陈再宏
陈超
俞永伟
朱好生
张伟杰
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Ningbo David Medical Device Co Ltd
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Ningbo David Medical Device Co Ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/021—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes operated by electrical means
    • A61M16/022—Control means therefor
    • A61M16/024—Control means therefor including calculation means, e.g. using a processor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
    • A61M16/1075—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by influencing the temperature
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
    • A61M16/12—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by mixing different gases
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure
    • A61M2016/0027—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure pressure meter
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure
    • A61M2016/003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure with a flowmeter
    • A61M2016/0033—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure with a flowmeter electrical
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
    • A61M16/1005—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours with O2 features or with parameter measurement
    • A61M2016/102—Measuring a parameter of the content of the delivered gas
    • A61M2016/1025—Measuring a parameter of the content of the delivered gas the O2 concentration

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
  • Percussion Or Vibration Massage (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a system of a high-frequency respirator, a ventilation control method and a ventilation control device, and relates to the technical field of respirators. The ventilation control method of the high-frequency respirator comprises the following steps: acquiring the current frequency of a high-frequency respirator and the current pressure of a patient end; calculating a frequency difference value between the current frequency and the preset frequency: if the absolute value of the frequency difference is larger than the set frequency threshold value, if the current patient end pressure is larger than the set patient end pressure, controlling a safety loop or a turbo fan of the high-frequency respirator according to the current frequency; and if the current patient end pressure is less than the set patient end pressure, controlling the turbo fan according to the current frequency. When the frequency of the high-frequency oscillation module is interfered, the frequency of the high-frequency oscillation module is not directly adjusted, and the pressure or the frequency of the gas circuit is changed by combining the pressure at the patient end and the current frequency and by means of a safety loop or a turbofan through different adjustment strategies, so that the frequency of the high-frequency oscillation module is gradually close to the set frequency.

Description

System of high-frequency respirator, ventilation control method and device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ventilators, in particular to a system of a high-frequency ventilator, a ventilation control method and a ventilation control device.
Background
High frequency ventilators are artificial mechanical ventilators designed for patients requiring respiratory support, respiratory therapy, and emergency resuscitation, and typically employ a high pressure gas source to provide artificial mechanical ventilation for patients requiring respiratory support, respiratory therapy, and emergency resuscitation. The existing high-frequency breathing machine usually adopts compressed air as an air source due to the requirement on input pressure, but under certain specific rescue environments, the compressed air source is often lacked, only a normal-frequency breathing machine can be adopted, and for respiratory failure patients, the rescue effect of the normal-frequency breathing machine is poor. Because adopt turbo fan to carry out gaseous drive, can produce the unstable phenomenon of atmospheric pressure usually, breathing than can produce certain interference to high frequency oscillation module, lead to high frequency oscillation module's oscillating frequency different with preset frequency, lead to certain influence for the breathing machine, bring certain discomfort for the patient.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described state of the art, and an object thereof is to provide a high-frequency ventilator system.
The high-frequency respirator is characterized by comprising a high-frequency oscillation module, an inspiration circuit, an expiration circuit and a safety circuit, wherein the high-frequency oscillation module is used for conveying gas by a turbine fan, the high-frequency oscillation module is positioned in the inspiration circuit, two ends of the safety circuit are respectively communicated with the inspiration circuit and the expiration circuit, and a first stop valve is arranged in the safety circuit.
Therefore, when the high-frequency oscillation module is abnormal, the influence of the high-frequency oscillation module on ventilation of the patient end can be reduced through the turbo fan and the safety circuit.
The invention also provides a ventilation control method of the high-frequency respirator, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring the current frequency and the current patient end pressure of the high-frequency respirator;
calculating a frequency difference value between the current frequency and the preset frequency:
if the absolute value of the frequency difference is larger than a set frequency threshold, comparing the current patient end pressure with a set patient end pressure, and calculating the pressure difference between the current patient end pressure and the set patient end pressure;
if the current patient end pressure is greater than the set patient end pressure and the pressure difference value is greater than a set pressure threshold value, controlling a safety loop or a turbo fan of the high-frequency respirator according to the current frequency; and if the current patient end pressure is smaller than the set patient end pressure and the pressure difference value is smaller than a set pressure threshold value, controlling the turbo fan according to the current frequency.
Optionally, the controlling a safety loop or a turbo fan of the high frequency ventilator according to the current frequency comprises:
comparing the current frequency with the preset frequency;
if the current frequency is greater than the preset frequency, controlling the safety loop; and if the current frequency is less than the preset frequency, controlling the rotating speed of the turbofan to be reduced.
Optionally, after controlling the rotation speed of the turbofan to decrease, when the pressure difference is smaller than a set pressure threshold, controlling the rotation speed of the turbofan to perform a wave-like change with a current rotation speed as a center.
Optionally, the controlling of the safety circuit is to control the safety circuit to be alternately opened and closed.
Optionally, the controlling the turbofan according to the current frequency comprises:
if the current frequency is greater than the preset frequency, controlling the rotating speed of the turbofan to rise; and if the current frequency is less than the preset frequency, controlling the variable-speed rotation of the turbofan.
Optionally, the controlling the variable speed rotation of the turbo fan is to control the rotation speed of the turbo fan to perform a wave-like change with the current rotation speed as a center.
Compared with the prior art, the ventilation control method of the high-frequency respirator has the advantages that:
when the frequency of the high-frequency oscillation module is interfered, accurate adjustment cannot be given due to the existence of the disturbance, new disturbance can be brought, the frequency of the high-frequency oscillation module is not directly adjusted, and the pressure or the frequency of the gas circuit is changed by means of a safety loop or a turbofan through different adjustment strategies according to the pressure of the patient end and the current frequency, so that the frequency of the high-frequency oscillation module is gradually close to the set frequency.
The invention also provides a ventilation control device of the high-frequency respirator, which comprises:
the acquisition unit is used for acquiring the current frequency and the current patient end pressure of the high-frequency respirator;
a calculating unit, configured to calculate a frequency difference between the current frequency and the preset frequency:
the calculation unit is further configured to compare the current patient end pressure with a set patient end pressure and calculate a pressure difference between the current patient end pressure and the set patient end pressure if the absolute value of the frequency difference is greater than a set frequency threshold;
the control unit is used for controlling a safety loop or a turbofan of the high-frequency respirator according to the current frequency if the current patient end pressure is greater than the set patient end pressure and the pressure difference value is greater than a set pressure threshold value; the control unit is further used for controlling the turbo fan according to the current frequency if the current patient end pressure is smaller than the set patient end pressure and the pressure difference value is smaller than a set pressure threshold value.
Compared with the prior art, the ventilation control device of the high-frequency respirator has the same beneficial effects as the ventilation control method of the high-frequency respirator, and the description is omitted here.
The invention also provides a high-frequency respirator, which comprises a computer readable storage medium and a processor, wherein the computer readable storage medium is used for storing a computer program, and the computer program is read by the processor and runs on the processor to realize the ventilation control method of the high-frequency respirator.
Compared with the prior art, the high-frequency respirator has the advantages that the ventilation control method of the high-frequency respirator is the same as that of the high-frequency respirator, and the description is omitted.
The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, which, when read and executed by a processor, implements the ventilation control method of the high-frequency ventilator according to any one of the above.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the computer-readable storage medium of the invention are the same as the ventilation control method of the high-frequency ventilator, and are not described herein again.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a high frequency ventilator system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for controlling the high-frequency oscillation module according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a control device for the high-frequency oscillation module according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-a control device; 101-an acquisition unit; 102-a control unit; 103-a calculation unit; 2-a proportional valve, 3-a safety valve, 4-a one-way valve, 5-a high-frequency oscillation module, 6-a third pressure flow sensor, 7-a fourth pressure flow sensor, 8-a breather valve, 9-a temperature sensor, 10-a first stop valve, 11-a turbo fan, 12-a pressure flow sensor, 13-a second stop valve, 14-a mixing chamber, 15-a compressed oxygen source, 16-a pressure reducing valve, 17-a check valve, 18-a first pressure flow sensor, 19-a filter, 20-a check valve and 21-an oxygen concentration sensor.
Detailed Description
In addition, the embodiments of the present invention and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The invention is primarily directed to protecting a ventilation control method, which is based on the high-frequency ventilator system described in the embodiments herein.
In addition, the directional descriptions of "between" and "between" mentioned in the embodiments of the present invention do not mean between and among the structures, but between and among the gas path relations, and the structures related to the mutual communication are communicated through the pipeline, and furthermore, the descriptions of the words "first" and "second" in the text do not constitute a limitation on the specific number, but are not construed as a limitation on the present invention for the convenience of understanding the simplified description and the distinction of the present invention.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.
The embodiment provides a high-frequency breathing machine system, which comprises a turbo fan 11, a compressed oxygen source 15, a mixing chamber 14, an inspiration circuit and a high-frequency oscillation module 5, wherein the turbo fan 11 and the compressed oxygen source 15 are respectively communicated with the mixing chamber 14, and the mixing chamber 14 is also communicated with the inspiration circuit; the high-frequency oscillation module 5 is positioned in the inspiration circuit and is suitable for generating oscillation pressure waves for the gas in the inspiration circuit.
The air source and the compressed oxygen source 15 are respectively communicated with an inlet of the mixing chamber 14, and the suction circuit is communicated with an outlet of the mixing chamber 14. Here, a second stop valve 13 is provided between the turbo fan 11 and the mixing chamber 14, and the gas sent from the turbo fan 11 to the mixing chamber 14 is controlled by the second stop valve 13, thereby reducing the risk. A pressure reducing valve 16 is arranged between the compressed oxygen source and the mixing chamber and is used for adjusting the delivery quantity of the compressed oxygen. Furthermore, a pressure-flow sensor 12 is provided between the turbo fan 11 and the mixing chamber 14, and monitors the gas delivered by the turbo fan 11 to the mixing chamber 14.
Here, when the air flows into the patient side, the air and the compressed oxygen are mixed in the mixing chamber 14, and then the mixed gas is delivered to the patient side, on one hand, disturbance of the compressed gas of the turbo fan 11 can be reduced, and a flow slowing effect is achieved, on the other hand, the air and the compressed oxygen are mixed in the mixing chamber 14, so that the distribution of the gas is more even, and in addition, when the temperature of the air delivered by the turbo fan 11 is higher, the compressed oxygen can also absorb the heat of the air delivered by the turbo fan 11.
When the concentration of oxygen to be delivered is lower than 100%, the turbo fan 11 is used for compressing and delivering air to the mixing chamber to mix the air and the compressed oxygen, and the turbo fan 11 provides power for the mixed air to deliver the air to the patient end. When pure oxygen is needed at the patient end, at the moment, the compressed oxygen is decompressed through the decompression valve 16 and then is sent into the air suction loop, one end of the turbo fan 11 communicated with the air is closed, and the delivery turbo fan 11 generates high-pressure airflow at the moment and is used for delivering the oxygen. The high-frequency ventilator system also comprises a filter 19, located between the turbo fan 11 and the mixing chamber 14, adapted to filter the air delivered by the turbo fan 11. On the one hand, impurities in the gas delivered by the turbo fan 11 can be filtered, and on the other hand, the gas delivered by the turbo fan 11 can be subjected to slow flow, so that disturbance of the gas after passing through the filter 19 is reduced. Of course, the filter 19 can also be arranged at the air inlet, i.e. before the turbo fan 11.
Here, the high frequency oscillation module includes an actuator, a piston, and a diaphragm, the diaphragm being disposed on the piston, the actuator driving the piston to reciprocate linearly, thereby generating positive and negative pressure waves in the gas. When the gas delivered by the turbo fan 11 flows to the high-frequency oscillation module 5, the high-frequency oscillation module 5 drives the diaphragm to reciprocate through the actuator, so that oscillation pressure waves are generated in the gas. Here, the amplitude of the HF oscillation module is at most 100mbar and the ventilation frequency is 3-20 Hz. The advantage of this arrangement is that the use of the turbo fan 11 in conjunction with the hf oscillation module 5 replaces the usual compressed air with air which is pressurized by the turbo fan and delivered to the patient side without the use of a compressed air source.
In general, there may be disturbances in the gas delivered by the turbo fan 11, and there may also be disturbances in the upstream gas path by the high frequency oscillation module 5. As shown in fig. 1, the high-frequency ventilator system further includes a proportional valve 2 located in the inspiratory circuit and between the high-frequency oscillation module 5 and the mixing chamber 14, wherein the gas in the mixing chamber 14 flows to the high-frequency oscillation module 5 through the proportional valve 2. It should be noted that, when the gas flowing out from the mixing chamber 14 flows to the high-frequency oscillation module 5, the gas passes through the proportional valve 2, and then the flow rate and the pressure flowing to the high-frequency oscillation module 5 are adjusted by the proportional valve 2, and in addition, by the arrangement of the proportional valve 2, on one hand, the disturbance of the gas delivered by the turbo fan 11 can be reduced, and on the other hand, the pressure and the flow rate of the gas delivered to the high-frequency oscillation module 5 can be adjusted.
In addition, since the turbo fan may generate a negative pressure to cause gas backflow, the high frequency ventilator system further includes a check valve 17 disposed between the mixing chamber 14 and the proportional valve 2 for preventing gas in the inhalation circuit from flowing back into the mixing chamber 14. Through the arrangement of the check valve, the interference of the high-frequency oscillation unit on the air path upstream of the proportional valve is also avoided.
Since the flow rate of the gas delivered by the turbo fan 11 is not controllable, the frequency at which the high-frequency oscillation module 5 operates is related to the pressure and flow rate of the gas flowing into the high-frequency oscillation module 5. As shown in fig. 1, the high-frequency ventilator system further comprises a first pressure-flow sensor 18, located in the inspiratory circuit between the mixing chamber 14 and the proportional valve 2, adapted to detect the pressure and flow of the gas flowing out of the mixing chamber 14. That is, when the gas flows out of the mixing chamber 14, the flow rate and pressure of the gas flowing out of the mixing chamber are monitored, and then the adjustment of the proportional valve 2 is guided, so that the pressure and flow rate of the gas flowing out of the proportional valve 2 meet the preliminary requirements of the high-frequency oscillation module 5, and the breathing experience of the patient is increased.
At this time, in order to ensure accuracy of the pressure and flow rate of the gas flowing into the hf oscillation module 5, the hf ventilator system further includes a second pressure and flow rate sensor 4, located in the inspiratory circuit and between the hf oscillation module 5 and the proportional valve 2, adapted to detect the pressure and flow rate of the gas flowing into the hf oscillation module 5. That is, before the gas flows into the high-frequency oscillation module 5, the flow rate and the pressure of the gas are monitored, the result is fed back to the controller, and the opening degree of the proportional valve 2 is further adjusted by the controller, so that the accuracy of the pressure and the flow rate of the gas flowing into the high-frequency oscillation module is ensured.
It should be noted that the high frequency ventilator system further comprises an oxygen concentration sensor 21, which is located in the inspiratory circuit and is adapted to monitor the oxygen concentration in the inspiratory circuit. That is, before the gas is delivered to the patient, the oxygen concentration in the inspiratory circuit is monitored and timely fed back to the controller, and the compressed oxygen source is timely adjusted so that the oxygen concentration delivered to the patient is closer to the optimal value.
Since the temperature of the turbo fan 11 increases gradually as the turbo fan 11 delivers the gas, the temperature of the gas flowing in through the turbo fan 11 increases, and the temperature of the gas flowing out of the mixing chamber 14 is measured even as high as 51 ℃ due to the operation of the turbo fan 11. In this case, a refrigerator is provided in the mixing chamber 14, adapted to cool the gas in the mixing chamber 14. It should be noted that the refrigerator may be a semiconductor refrigerator, and the refrigerator may also be a cooling fan.
In addition, the high frequency ventilator system further comprises a temperature sensor 9, located in the inspiratory circuit, between the patient side and the mixing chamber 14, adapted to monitor the temperature of the gas in the inspiratory circuit. Here, the gas temperature is monitored in real time and transmitted to the controller, and when the gas temperature in the suction circuit is higher than a set value, the operation power of the refrigerator is increased or the oxygen supply amount of the compressed oxygen source is increased.
Since the gas delivered by the turbo fan 11 is not controllable, in order to reduce the risk, the hf ventilator system further comprises a safety valve 3, the safety valve 3 being located in the inspiratory circuit. In an emergency, the air suction circuit is connected to the atmosphere, so that the air delivered by the turbo fan 11 is discharged directly into the air.
Furthermore, the high-frequency ventilator system comprises an expiratory circuit for the discharge of the gas exhaled by the patient, the outlet of which is provided with a breather valve 8. In order to further enhance the safety performance, the high frequency ventilator system further comprises a safety circuit which communicates the inspiration circuit with the expiration circuit, the safety circuit being provided with a first shut-off valve 10. The first stop valve 10 is opened when an abnormality (usually, an excessive gas flow rate or an excessive pressure) occurs in the inhaled gas, and at the same time, the breather valve 8 is also opened to discharge a part of the gas to the outside of the room, and at this time, the exhalation circuit is provided with a check valve 7 to prevent the gas from being exhaled from the exhalation circuit only, and to prevent the gas from being supplied to the patient from the exhalation circuit.
Here, the inlet of the safety circuit is located between the proportional valve 2 and the high-frequency oscillation module, that is, the communication between the safety circuit and the inhalation circuit is located upstream of the high-frequency oscillation module 5, the high-frequency ventilator system further includes a check valve 20 disposed in the inhalation circuit and located between the high-frequency oscillation module and the patient side, the check valve 20 is a one-way valve adapted to allow the gas to pass through to the patient side, and prevent the exhaled gas of the patient from flowing back from the check valve 20.
In addition, the high frequency ventilator system further comprises a third pressure flow sensor 6, commonly referred to as a patient (proximal) flow (pressure) sensor, disposed at the patient's end, adapted to monitor the pressure and flow of gases inhaled and exhaled by the patient, typically, the third pressure flow sensor 6 is adapted to monitor the mean airway pressure of the patient. Here, the third pressure-flow sensor 6 is arranged between the patient end and the intersection of the inspiratory circuit and the expiratory circuit.
It should be noted that, when the high-frequency ventilator system ventilates at a constant frequency, the high-frequency oscillation module is closed, the turbo fan is started, and the ventilation time and the valve in the gas path are controlled to achieve the purpose of supplying gas at fixed time and quantity; when high-frequency ventilation is carried out, a continuous basic airflow is provided through the turbo fan, so that the stability of the average airway pressure of a patient end is guaranteed, the high-frequency oscillation module is started, the amplitude and the frequency of the high-frequency oscillation module are set, and the high-frequency oscillation ventilation is realized through the cooperation of the high-frequency oscillation module.
In the embodiments, only the pneumatic circuit of the high frequency ventilator system is illustrated.
Because the turbofan 11 is adopted to drive gas, the breathing ratio can generate certain interference on the high-frequency oscillation module 5, so that the oscillation frequency of the high-frequency oscillation module 5 is different from the preset frequency, and certain influence is caused on the breathing machine. For example, when the breathing ratio is 1:1, the oscillation frequency set by the high-frequency oscillation module is 20Hz, and the breathing ratio may generate interference of 5-15Hz on the oscillation frequency. The embodiment provides a ventilation control method of a high-frequency respirator, which comprises the following steps:
s1: acquiring the current frequency and the current patient end pressure of the high-frequency respirator;
s2: calculating a frequency difference value between the current frequency and the preset frequency:
s3: if the absolute value of the frequency difference is larger than a set frequency threshold, comparing the current patient end pressure with a set patient end pressure, and calculating the pressure difference between the current patient end pressure and the set patient end pressure;
s4: if the current patient end pressure is greater than the set patient end pressure and the pressure difference value is greater than a set pressure threshold value, controlling a safety loop or a turbo fan of the high-frequency respirator according to the current frequency; and if the current patient end pressure is smaller than the set patient end pressure and the pressure difference value is smaller than a set pressure threshold value, controlling the turbo fan according to the current frequency.
In S1, the current frequency of the hf ventilator refers to the actual oscillation frequency of the hf oscillation module in the hf ventilator during operation, and the patient-side pressure refers to the average pressure calculated from the pressure measured by the third pressure/flow sensor 6, that is, the average airway pressure (MAP) of the patient. The current frequency and the current patient-side pressure are the oscillation frequency and the patient-side pressure of the high-frequency oscillation module measured in real time.
In S2, the preset frequency is the oscillation frequency of the hf oscillation module set when the hf ventilator is started. In S3, the next step is executed only if the difference between the current frequency and the preset frequency is greater than a set frequency threshold, which is equivalent to an error allowable range. The set patient end pressure refers to a preset target pressure.
At S4, the controlling a safety loop or a turbo fan of the high frequency ventilator according to the current frequency includes: comparing the current frequency with the preset frequency; if the current frequency is greater than the preset frequency, controlling the safety loop; and if the current frequency is less than the preset frequency, controlling the rotating speed of the turbofan to be reduced. After the pressure at the current patient end is greater than the set pressure at the set patient end and the pressure difference value is greater than a set pressure threshold value, the current frequency is compared with the preset frequency, and different breathing machine control strategies are executed for different frequency intervals. Because the current patient end pressure is greater than the set patient end pressure, at this time, the amplitude reduction or frequency reduction processing is generally required to be performed on the high-frequency oscillation module 5, but the set frequency of the high-frequency oscillation module 5 is not changed, and only the interference of the breathing ratio is caused at this time, so that the amplitude reduction or frequency reduction processing is not performed on the high-frequency oscillation module 5, and the interference of the breathing ratio on the high-frequency oscillation module 5 is reduced through the effect of the safety circuit. And if the current frequency is less than the preset frequency, controlling the rotating speed of the turbo fan to be reduced so as to reduce the pressure at the patient end.
Here, after controlling the rotational speed of the turbo fan to decrease, when the pressure difference is smaller than a set pressure threshold, the rotational speed of the turbo fan is controlled to be changed in a wave manner centering on a current rotational speed. Since the current frequency is lower than the preset frequency, the suction gas is oscillated by the change of the rotating speed in an equivalent manner through the wavy change of the rotating speed of the turbofan. Typically, the undulating variation undulates in a shape similar to a sinusoid. The control of the safety circuit is performed to control the safety circuit to be alternately opened and closed. When the safety circuit is opened, the safety circuit can lead out the gas in the inspiration circuit, so that the pressure at the patient end is reduced, and the normal ventilation of the respirator is ensured.
In S4, the controlling the turbofan according to the current frequency includes: if the current frequency is greater than the preset frequency, controlling the rotating speed of the turbofan to rise; and if the current frequency is less than the preset frequency, controlling the variable-speed rotation of the turbofan. It should be noted that, at this time, because the pressure difference is smaller than the set pressure threshold, it is necessary to increase the pressure at the patient end or increase the oxygen supply at the patient end, where the rotation speed of the turbo fan is increased, so that the pressure at the patient end can be directly increased, and when the absolute value of the difference between the current pressure at the patient end and the set pressure at the patient end is smaller than the set pressure threshold, the rotation speed of the turbo fan returns to the rotation speed before the increase. Here, since the current frequency is lower than the preset frequency, the variable speed rotation is adopted, which is equivalent to the generation of disturbance, and the oxygen absorption amount of the patient is increased.
Specifically, the control of the variable speed rotation of the turbo fan is to control the rotation speed of the turbo fan to perform wave-like change with the current rotation speed as a center. The wavy change in the speed of rotation of the turbofan thus corresponds to an oscillation of the suction gas, so that the gas is absorbed more efficiently. Typically, the undulating variation undulates in a shape similar to a sinusoid.
The advantage of this arrangement is that when the frequency of the hf oscillation module is disturbed, due to the disturbance, no precise adjustment can be given and a new disturbance may be brought, without directly adjusting the frequency of the hf oscillation module, by combining the patient end pressure and the current frequency, the pressure or frequency of the gas circuit is changed by means of a safety circuit or a turbo fan by means of different adjustment strategies, so that the frequency of the hf oscillation module gradually approaches the set frequency.
The present embodiment provides a ventilation control device 1 for a high-frequency ventilator, including:
an obtaining unit 101, configured to obtain a current frequency and a current patient end pressure of the high-frequency ventilator;
a calculating unit 103, configured to calculate a frequency difference between the current frequency and the preset frequency:
the calculating unit 103 is further configured to compare the current patient end pressure with a set patient end pressure and calculate a pressure difference between the current patient end pressure and the set patient end pressure if the absolute value of the frequency difference is greater than a set frequency threshold;
a control unit 102, configured to control a safety loop or a turbo fan of the high-frequency ventilator according to the current frequency if the current patient end pressure is greater than the set patient end pressure and the pressure difference is greater than a set pressure threshold; the control unit is further used for controlling the turbo fan according to the current frequency if the current patient end pressure is smaller than the set patient end pressure and the pressure difference value is smaller than a set pressure threshold value.
The ventilation control device of the high-frequency ventilator described in this embodiment has the same beneficial effects as the ventilation control method of the high-frequency ventilator, and is not described herein again.
The present embodiment provides a high-frequency ventilator, which includes a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program and a processor, wherein the computer program is read and executed by the processor to implement the ventilation control method of the high-frequency ventilator according to any one of the above aspects. The beneficial effects of the high-frequency ventilator described in this embodiment are the same as the ventilation control method of the high-frequency ventilator, and are not described herein again.
The present embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, which when read and executed by a processor, implements the ventilation control method of the high-frequency ventilator described in any one of the above. The beneficial effects of the computer readable storage medium of this embodiment are the same as the control method of the high frequency oscillation module, and are not described herein again. The beneficial effects of the computer readable storage medium of this embodiment are the same as the ventilation control method of the high frequency ventilator, and are not described herein again.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that are within the spirit and principle of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from this description.

Claims (8)

1. A high-frequency ventilator comprising a processor and a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, the computer program being read by the processor and being executed to implement a ventilation control method of the high-frequency ventilator, the high-frequency ventilator comprising a high-frequency oscillation module (5), an inspiration circuit, an expiration circuit, and a safety circuit, the high-frequency ventilator using a turbo fan to deliver gas, the high-frequency oscillation module (5) being located in the inspiration circuit, the safety circuit being communicated with the inspiration circuit and the expiration circuit, respectively, and a first shut-off valve (10) being provided in the safety circuit, the ventilation control method of the high-frequency ventilator comprising:
acquiring the current frequency and the current patient end pressure of the high-frequency respirator;
calculating a frequency difference value between the current frequency and a preset frequency;
if the absolute value of the frequency difference is larger than a set frequency threshold, comparing the current patient end pressure with a set patient end pressure, and calculating the pressure difference between the current patient end pressure and the set patient end pressure;
if the current patient end pressure is greater than the set patient end pressure and the pressure difference value is greater than a set pressure threshold value, controlling a safety loop or a turbo fan of the high-frequency respirator according to the current frequency; and if the current patient end pressure is smaller than the set patient end pressure and the pressure difference value is smaller than a set pressure threshold value, controlling the turbo fan according to the current frequency.
2. The high frequency ventilator of claim 1 wherein said controlling a safety loop or a turbo fan of the high frequency ventilator in accordance with the current frequency comprises:
comparing the current frequency with the preset frequency;
if the current frequency is greater than the preset frequency, controlling the safety loop; and if the current frequency is less than the preset frequency, controlling the rotating speed of the turbofan to be reduced.
3. The high-frequency ventilator according to claim 2, wherein after controlling the rotational speed of the turbo fan to decrease, when the pressure difference is smaller than a set pressure threshold value, the rotational speed of the turbo fan is controlled to change in a wave-like manner centering on a current rotational speed.
4. The high frequency ventilator of claim 3 wherein said controlling of said safety loop is controlling said safety loop to alternately open and close.
5. The high frequency ventilator of claim 1 wherein said controlling said turbo fan in accordance with said current frequency comprises:
if the current frequency is greater than the preset frequency, controlling the rotating speed of the turbofan to rise; and if the current frequency is less than the preset frequency, controlling the variable-speed rotation of the turbofan.
6. The high-frequency ventilator according to claim 3, wherein the controlling of the variable speed rotation of the turbo fan is controlling of the rotational speed of the turbo fan to change in a wave manner centering on the current rotational speed.
7. A ventilation control device of a high-frequency respirator is characterized in that the high-frequency respirator comprises a high-frequency oscillation module (5), an inspiration circuit, an expiration circuit and a safety circuit, the high-frequency respirator adopts a turbine fan to convey gas, the high-frequency oscillation module (5) is positioned in the inspiration circuit, two ends of the safety circuit are respectively communicated with the inspiration circuit and the expiration circuit, a first stop valve (10) is arranged in the safety circuit, and the ventilation control device of the high-frequency respirator comprises:
the acquisition unit is used for acquiring the current frequency and the current patient end pressure of the high-frequency respirator;
a calculating unit, configured to calculate a frequency difference between the current frequency and a preset frequency:
the calculation unit is further configured to compare the current patient end pressure with a set patient end pressure and calculate a pressure difference between the current patient end pressure and the set patient end pressure if the absolute value of the frequency difference is greater than a set frequency threshold;
the control unit is used for controlling a safety loop or a turbofan of the high-frequency respirator according to the current frequency if the current patient end pressure is greater than the set patient end pressure and the pressure difference value is greater than a set pressure threshold value; the control unit is further used for controlling the turbo fan according to the current frequency if the current patient end pressure is smaller than the set patient end pressure and the pressure difference value is smaller than a set pressure threshold value.
8. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that it stores a computer program which, when read and executed by a processor, implements a ventilation control method for a high-frequency ventilator, the high-frequency ventilator comprising a high-frequency oscillation module (5), an inspiration circuit, an expiration circuit, and a safety circuit, the high-frequency ventilator uses a turbo fan to deliver gas, the high-frequency oscillation module (5) is located in the inspiration circuit, two ends of the safety circuit are respectively communicated with the inspiration circuit and the expiration circuit, a first stop valve (10) is arranged in the safety circuit, and the ventilation control method for the high-frequency ventilator comprises:
acquiring the current frequency and the current patient end pressure of the high-frequency respirator;
calculating a frequency difference value between the current frequency and a preset frequency;
if the absolute value of the frequency difference is larger than a set frequency threshold, comparing the current patient end pressure with a set patient end pressure, and calculating the pressure difference between the current patient end pressure and the set patient end pressure;
if the current patient end pressure is greater than the set patient end pressure and the pressure difference value is greater than a set pressure threshold value, controlling a safety loop or a turbo fan of the high-frequency respirator according to the current frequency; and if the current patient end pressure is smaller than the set patient end pressure and the pressure difference value is smaller than a set pressure threshold value, controlling the turbo fan according to the current frequency.
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CN112943666B (en) * 2021-02-01 2022-09-06 杭州贝丰科技有限公司 Method and system for compensating rotating speed of turbine fan of breathing machine and readable storage medium
CN114082058B (en) * 2021-12-21 2023-11-10 河北谊安奥美医疗设备有限公司 Functional safety control device and control method for breathing machine

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CN1045036A (en) * 1989-02-27 1990-09-05 重庆大学 High-frequency oscillation breath machine
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