CN115084834A - Antenna unit, antenna array and electronic equipment - Google Patents
Antenna unit, antenna array and electronic equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN115084834A CN115084834A CN202210726623.1A CN202210726623A CN115084834A CN 115084834 A CN115084834 A CN 115084834A CN 202210726623 A CN202210726623 A CN 202210726623A CN 115084834 A CN115084834 A CN 115084834A
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- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
- H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/10—Resonant antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/50—Feeding or matching arrangements for broad-band or multi-band operation
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Abstract
The application is suitable for the technical field of communication, provides antenna unit, antenna array and electronic equipment, includes: the first medium substrate is movably arranged in the cavity, and the lower surface of the radiation panel is covered on the top surface of the cavity so as to seal the cavity; one end of the coaxial feed structure is connected with the radiation panel, and the other end of the coaxial feed structure penetrates through the first dielectric substrate and the bottom surface of the cavity; a first cavity is formed between the first dielectric substrate and the radiation panel, and a second cavity is formed between the first dielectric substrate and the bottom surface of the cavity; the through hole is formed in the first cavity and used for leading in or leading out the fluid medium so as to adjust the distance between the first medium substrate and the radiation panel, the fluid medium is led in or led out between the first medium substrate and the radiation panel, the relative dielectric constant and the thickness of the medium substrate can be changed, the effect of controlling the resonant frequency of the antenna unit is achieved, multi-frequency reconstruction is achieved, and the anti-interference capability of the antenna is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of communication, and particularly relates to an antenna unit, an antenna array and electronic equipment.
Background
With the development of wireless communication technology, antennas can be applied to radio communication, broadcasting, television, radar, navigation, electronic countermeasure, remote sensing, radio astronomy and the like, so that the use scenes of the antennas are more and more, and the electromagnetic environment is more and more complex.
The radiation frequency of the existing antenna is mainly determined by the structure of the antenna, and in the use process of the antenna, the structure of the antenna is fixed, can only be fixedly operated in a radiation frequency range, is usually only suitable for signal transmission in a specific environment, and is easy to be subjected to electromagnetic interference when used in a complex and changeable electromagnetic environment, so that the existing antenna has poor anti-interference capability.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides an antenna unit, an antenna array and electronic equipment, and can solve the problem of poor anti-interference capability of an antenna.
A first aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna unit, including: the antenna comprises a radiation panel, a first dielectric substrate, a coaxial feed structure and a cavity with an opening on the top surface;
the first medium substrate is movably arranged in the cavity;
the lower surface of the radiation panel is covered on the top surface of the cavity to seal the cavity;
one end of the coaxial feed structure is connected with the radiation panel, and the other end of the coaxial feed structure penetrates through the first dielectric substrate and the bottom surface of the cavity;
a first cavity is formed between the first dielectric substrate and the radiation panel, and a second cavity is formed between the first dielectric substrate and the bottom surface of the cavity;
the first cavity is provided with a through hole, and the through hole is used for leading in or leading out a fluid medium so as to adjust the distance between the first medium substrate and the radiation panel.
A second aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides an antenna array, where the antenna array includes at least one antenna unit, each of the antenna units is arranged in an N × M array, N is the number of each row of antenna units, M is the number of rows of the array, and N and M are positive integers.
A third aspect of embodiments of the present application provides an electronic device comprising an antenna array as described above.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the application has the advantages that: the radiation panel is movably arranged in the cavity through the first medium substrate, and the lower surface of the radiation panel is covered on the top surface of the cavity so as to seal the cavity; one end of the coaxial feed structure is connected with the radiation panel, and the other end of the coaxial feed structure penetrates through the first dielectric substrate and the bottom surface of the cavity; a first cavity is formed between the first dielectric substrate and the radiation panel, and a second cavity is formed between the first dielectric substrate and the bottom surface of the cavity; the through hole is formed in the first cavity and used for leading in or leading out the fluid medium so as to adjust the distance between the first medium substrate and the radiation panel, the fluid medium is led in or led out between the first medium substrate and the radiation panel, the relative dielectric constant and the thickness of the medium substrate can be changed, the effect of controlling the resonant frequency of the antenna unit is achieved, multi-frequency reconstruction is achieved, and the anti-interference capability of the antenna is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a top view of an antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an antenna unit provided in one embodiment of the present application in a projection direction a without introducing a flowable medium;
fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an antenna unit in a projection direction a with a flowable medium introduced therein according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an antenna unit in a projection direction B with a flowable medium introduced therein according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an antenna unit diagonally sectioned with introduction of a flowable medium according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an antenna unit in a projection direction a with a flowable medium introduced therein according to another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a feeding structure of an antenna element provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a feeding structure of an antenna element provided in another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of simulated data waveforms for simulating antenna elements having dimensions of only 57mm by 12 mm;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a simulation data waveform for a simulation performed after silica gel is filled in a reflective cavity of an antenna unit according to the present application;
fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In the following description, for purposes of explanation and not limitation, specific details are set forth, such as particular system structures, techniques, etc. in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present application. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present application may be practiced in other embodiments that depart from these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the present application with unnecessary detail.
It will be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification and the appended claims, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items and includes such combinations.
As used in this specification and the appended claims, the term "if" may be interpreted contextually as "when", "upon" or "in response to" determining "or" in response to detecting ". Similarly, the phrase "if it is determined" or "if a [ described condition or event ] is detected" may be interpreted contextually to mean "upon determining" or "in response to determining" or "upon detecting [ described condition or event ]" or "in response to detecting [ described condition or event ]".
Furthermore, in the description of the present application and the appended claims, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for distinguishing between descriptions and not necessarily for describing or implying relative importance.
Reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments," or the like, means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in one or more embodiments of the present application. Thus, appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," or the like, in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, but rather "one or more but not all embodiments" unless specifically stated otherwise. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof mean "including, but not limited to," unless expressly specified otherwise.
It should be understood that, the sequence numbers of the steps in this embodiment do not mean the execution sequence, and the execution sequence of each process should be determined by the function and the inherent logic of the process, and should not constitute any limitation to the implementation process of the embodiment of the present application.
In the prior art, the radiation frequency of an antenna is mainly determined by the structure of the antenna, and in the use process of the antenna, the structure of the antenna is fixed, can only be fixedly operated in a radiation frequency range, is usually only suitable for signal transmission in a specific environment, and has poor interference resistance when used in a complex and variable electromagnetic environment.
The application provides an antenna unit which can be movably arranged in a cavity through a first dielectric substrate, wherein the lower surface of a radiation panel is covered on the top surface of the cavity so as to seal the cavity; one end of the coaxial feed structure is connected with the radiation panel, and the other end of the coaxial feed structure penetrates through the first dielectric substrate and the bottom surface of the cavity; a first cavity is formed between the first dielectric substrate and the radiation panel, and a second cavity is formed between the first dielectric substrate and the bottom surface of the cavity; the through hole is formed in the first cavity and used for leading in or leading out the fluid medium so as to adjust the distance between the first medium substrate and the radiation panel, the problems are solved, multi-frequency reconstruction is achieved, and the anti-interference capability of the antenna is improved.
In order to explain the technical solution of the present application, the following description is given by way of specific examples.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1-5, structural intentions for an antenna unit are provided. As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the antenna unit may include: a radiating panel 10, a first dielectric substrate 20, a coaxial feed structure 30 and a cavity 40 with an open top surface.
The first dielectric substrate 20 is movably arranged in the cavity 40; the lower surface of the radiation panel 10 is fixed on the top surface of the cavity 40, so that the radiation panel 10 covers the opening on the top surface; one end of the coaxial feed structure 30 is connected to the radiation panel 10, and the other end of the coaxial feed structure 30 passes through the first dielectric substrate 20 and the bottom surface of the cavity 40; a first cavity 401 is formed between the first dielectric substrate 20 and the radiation panel 10, and a second cavity 402 is formed between the first dielectric substrate 10 and the bottom surface of the cavity 40; the first cavity is opened with a through hole 50, and the through hole 50 is used for leading in or leading out a fluid medium so as to adjust the distance between the first dielectric substrate 20 and the radiation panel 10.
In this embodiment of the application, the cavity with the open top is made of a metal material, and as the reflection cavity of the line unit, the cavity may be shaped according to actual conditions, and may be a square cavity with the open top defined by the metal material, a polygonal cavity with the open top defined by the metal material, or a cylindrical cavity with the open top defined by the metal material. The coaxial feed structure can form a required feed amplitude phase through a feed network so as to form different polarization modes. The radiation panel is a radiation structure printed with radiators. The first cavity is used for containing the fluid medium. The flowable medium is a high dielectric constant, low loss flowable material such as, but not limited to, silica gel, and may also be other high dielectric constant, low loss flowable materials.
It is understood that the through hole 50 communicates with the first cavity 401, and the opening position of the through hole 50 may be set arbitrarily.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view in the projection direction a when the antenna unit is not introduced with the flowable medium, and fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view in the projection direction a when the antenna unit is introduced with the flowable medium, it can be understood that the flowable medium is introduced through the through-hole, the first dielectric substrate is pressed and moved toward the bottom surface of the cavity 40, the more the flowable medium is introduced into the first cavity, the farther the distance between the first dielectric substrate 20 and the radiation panel 10 is, the less the flowable medium is introduced into the first cavity, the closer the distance between the first dielectric substrate 20 and the radiation panel 10 is, and when the flowable medium is not present in the first cavity, the radiation panel 10 may have no gap between the first dielectric substrates 20.
In a possible embodiment, the plate surface of the first dielectric substrate 20 is parallel to the bottom surface of the cavity 40 and is placed in the cavity 40, and the edge of the first dielectric substrate 20 is seamlessly connected with the inner wall of the cavity 40 and can move up and down.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, in a possible embodiment, the side wall of the opening of the top surface of the cavity 40 is stepped, the radiation panel 10 is covered and clamped on the step of the top surface of the cavity 40, and the upper surface of the radiation panel 10 may be higher than the top surface of the cavity 40 or lower than the top surface of the cavity 40.
Referring to fig. 6, in a possible embodiment, the area of the radiation panel 10 is equal to or larger than the top surface of the cavity 40, and the radiation panel directly covers the top surface of the cavity 40 to seal the cavity 40.
In one possible embodiment, one end of the coaxial feeding structure 30 is electrically connected to the radiating panel 10 by means of soldering.
The coaxial feed structure 30 includes more than one coaxial line, and the number of the coaxial lines can be determined according to the number of the radiating arms on the radiating panel 10. The length of the coaxial line is set according to practical situations, and it is understood that the other end of the coaxial feeding structure 30 passes through the first dielectric substrate 20 and the bottom surface of the cavity 40, and may extend for any length, which is not specifically limited herein. The coaxial line is a guiding system formed by two coaxial cylindrical conductors, a broadband microwave transmission line of air or high-frequency medium is filled between an inner conductor and an outer conductor, and the structure of the coaxial line is composed of a sheath 301, an outer conductor layer 302, an insulating medium layer 303 and an inner conductor 304 from outside to inside in sequence.
Above-mentioned antenna unit, through leading-in or deriving the mobile medium in to first cavity 401, control mobile medium injection volume, change antenna unit's dielectric substrate relative dielectric constant and thickness, reach control antenna resonant frequency's effect, realized broadband frequency reconstruction and multifrequency reconstruction, and quick broadband multifrequency point frequency conversion is anti-interference.
In one embodiment, the antenna unit further comprises: a feed network; the feed network is connected to the other end of the coaxial feed structure 30.
The feed network can adopt a form of combining 1 group of broadband bridges with 2 groups of broadband baluns, so that amplitude and phase required by broadband circular polarization of 4 feed points are realized; the feed network adopts 2 groups of broadband balun forms, so that the amplitude required by plus or minus 45-degree broadband linear polarization is equal.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 7, the feed network comprises a bridge, a first balun, and a second balun;
the first output end of the bridge is connected with the input end of the first balun, and the first output end and the second output end of the first balun are connected with the coaxial feed structure 30; the second output end of the bridge is connected to the input end of the second balun, and the first output end and the second output end of the second balun are connected to the coaxial feed structure 30; the first input end and the second input end of the bridge are connected with the radio frequency input port.
The bridge is a width 3dB bridge, but is not limited to a wideband 3dB bridge, and may be other bridges. The first balun and the second balun are broadband baluns, but are not limited to being broadband baluns only, and can be other baluns. The first output terminal and the second output terminal of the first balun are electrically connected to the corresponding coaxial lines in the coaxial feed structure 30, respectively. The first output terminal and the second output terminal of the second balun are electrically connected to the corresponding coaxial lines in the coaxial feed structure 30, respectively.
When signals are input at the first input end of the bridge, the signals are distributed through reasonable output ports: 4 output ports (a first output end and a first output end of the first balun and a first output end of the second balun) output constant-amplitude signals, and the phases are in rotation change of 0, 90, 180 and 270; when signals are input at the second input end of the bridge, the reasonable output ports of the first input end of the bridge are combined to be arranged: 4 output ports output constant amplitude signals, and the phases are in rotation change of 270, 180, 90 and 0; the antenna unit can realize simultaneous left-right rotation of 4 feed points and broadband circular polarization through the feed network, and can realize low axial ratio in the full forward radiation direction.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 8, the feed network comprises a third balun and a fourth balun; the first output end and the second output end of the third balun are connected with the coaxial feed structure 30; the first output end and the second output end of the fourth balun are connected with the coaxial feed structure 30; and the input end of the third balun and the input end of the fourth balun are connected with the radio frequency input port.
The third balun and the fourth balun are broadband baluns, but are not limited to being only broadband baluns, and may also be other baluns. The first output terminal and the second output terminal of the third balun are electrically connected to the corresponding coaxial lines in the coaxial feed structure 30, respectively. The first output terminal and the second output terminal of the fourth balun are electrically connected to the corresponding coaxial lines in the coaxial feed structure 30, respectively.
A coaxial feed structure 30 is connected through the first output terminal and the second output terminal of the third balun; the first output end and the second output end of the fourth balun are connected with the coaxial feed structure 30, the input end of the third balun and the input end of the fourth balun are connected with the radio frequency input port, equal-amplitude phase difference of the output ends can be achieved by 180-degree feeding, and the antenna unit can achieve broadband +/-45-degree linear polarization by combining with a feed network.
The ground clearance of the traditional half-wave symmetrical oscillator is 0.15-0.35 times of the wavelength of the resonant frequency, the ground clearance of the radiation surface needs to be changed when the resonant frequency is changed, the broadband frequency reconstruction cannot be realized by the conventional means, the influence of the ground clearance on the resonant frequency of the traditional half-wave symmetrical oscillator can be avoided by adopting any one of the two feed networks, and a foundation is provided for the broadband frequency reconstruction and the low-profile and small-size radiation unit.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1 and 5, the radiation panel 10 includes a second dielectric substrate 100 and a radiator; a patterned radiator is formed on the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate 100, and one end of the coaxial feed structure 30 is connected to the feed end of the radiator through a metallized hole.
The radiating arm 1001 of the radiator is printed on the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate 100, that is, the top layer of the second dielectric substrate 100, in a half-wave symmetric form, the length of the radiating arm 1001 of the antenna unit can be controlled within a half-wave length, each half-wave symmetric array is composed of two radiating arms 1001, and the length of a single radiating arm 1001 is about a quarter of a wavelength. The placement angle of the radiation arm 1001 can be arbitrarily set. By using the lowest frequency band to be used in the scene, the arm lengths of the radiation arms 1001 are designed, and each radiation arm 1001 is about 0.15 to 0.25 times as long as the medium wavelength.
In one embodiment, for the radiation arms 1001, the two pairs of radiation arms 1001 and the reflective cavity form ± 45 degrees of distribution, respectively, so as to effectively improve the performance of the reflective cavity.
In one embodiment, the radiator includes a rotational symmetry arrangement of the radiating arms 1001 in each closed loop configuration.
In one embodiment, two ends of one diagonal line of each radiating arm 1001 are a feeding end and a tail end, respectively, the feeding end of each radiating arm 1001 is close to the rotational symmetry center, and the tail end of each radiating arm 1001 is far away from the rotational symmetry center.
The number of the radiation arms 1001 may be set according to practical situations, such as 4 radiation arms.
It will be understood that the number of radiating arms is the same as the number of coaxial lines in the coaxial feed structure 30, such as: when the number of the radiating arms is 4, the corresponding coaxial feed structure 30 includes 4 coaxial lines, and a metalized hole at one end of each coaxial line is correspondingly welded to the feed end of the radiator.
In one embodiment, the cavity of each radiating arm 1001 is further formed with a first open line 1002 and a second open line 1003, the first open line 1002 is connected to the feeding end and extends to the tail end by a first preset length; the second open line 1003 is connected to the tail end and extends to the feed end by a second preset length, and the sum of the first preset length and the second preset length is smaller than the length of the diagonal line of the radiating arm 1001.
The two open lines (i.e. the first open line 1002 and the second open line 1003) of the radiator cavity form an open-circuit coupling structure, and the coupling between the two lines equivalently increases the radiation arm length, reduces the resonance frequency, and reduces the surface size of the antenna unit.
In one embodiment, the ends of each radiating arm 1001 are plated with holes, forming open posts 1004.
The open post 1004 is connected with the tail end of the radiation arm 1001, the radiation arm length is increased under the same plane size, namely, the vertical space is utilized by the metalized hole, the radiation arm length is increased under the condition that the plane size is not changed, the resonance frequency is reduced, and the surface size of the antenna unit is reduced.
In one embodiment, the antenna unit further comprises: the piston is arranged at one end of the push rod and positioned in the hollow cylinder;
a through hole is communicated with the sealing end of the hollow cylinder, and the sealing end of the hollow cylinder is connected to the through hole of the first cavity so as to communicate the through hole with the through hole; when the hollow cylinder contains the fluid medium and the push rod drives the piston to move from the first position to the second position of the hollow cylinder, the fluid medium is extruded out of the through hole of the hollow cylinder and is guided into the first cavity from the through hole; when the push rod drives the piston to move from the second position to the first position of the hollow cylinder, the fluid medium is led out from the through hole of the first cavity and returns to the hollow cylinder through the through hole of the hollow cylinder.
Through the empty cylinder that is used for holding mobile medium, set up in empty cylinder and along the mobilizable push rod of empty cylinder and set up the piston that just is located empty cylinder in the one end of push rod, can be very convenient with mobile medium leading-in or derive first cavity, change antenna element's dielectric substrate relative permittivity and thickness, reach control antenna resonant frequency's effect, realized broadband frequency reconstruction and multifrequency reconstruction, and quick broadband multifrequency point frequency conversion is anti-jamming.
In one embodiment, the other end of the push rod is further connected with a hydraulic mechanism, and the movement of the push rod is automatically controlled through the hydraulic mechanism, so that the efficiency of leading the fluid medium into or out of the first cavity is improved.
The embodiment of the present application further provides an antenna array, where the antenna array includes at least one antenna unit, each antenna unit is arranged in an N × M array, N is the number of each row of antenna units, M is the number of rows of the array, and N and M are positive integers.
In one embodiment, the antenna elements of the present application were simulated using the dimensions of only 57mm 12mm, as shown in fig. 9, and the data obtained from the simulation using electromagnetic simulation software show that: dB (S (1,1)) < -10dB lowest frequency is about 2.1GHz under the current antenna element size condition, corresponds that traditional half-wave dipole terrain clearance is about 40mm, and the height of this application only traditional half-wave dipole' S30%, very big has reduced antenna element height dimension.
After the first cavity is filled with the silica gel (that is, there is no gap between the second dielectric substrate and the bottom surface of the cavity), taking the dielectric constant of the silica gel as 5 as an example, the simulation data is as shown in fig. 10: after the first cavity is filled with silica gel, dB (S (1,1)) < -10dB, the lowest frequency is about 1.7GHz, and the lowest frequency is reduced by 400MHz compared with the lowest frequency in a cavity state (silica gel is not introduced).
An electronic device 700 is further provided in an embodiment of the present application, and fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 11, the antenna array 710 is included. The electronic device 700 may be a radio device for communication, radar, navigation, radio, television, etc. The electronic device 700 may include, but is not limited to, an antenna array 710. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that fig. 11 is merely an example of an electronic device 700 and does not constitute a limitation of electronic device 700 and may include more or fewer components than illustrated, or combine certain components, or different components, e.g., electronic device 700 may also include a processor, memory, input-output devices, network access devices, a bus, etc.
The Processor may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), other general purpose Processor, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), an off-the-shelf Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other Programmable logic device, discrete Gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, etc. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.
The storage may be an internal storage unit of the electronic device 700, such as a hard disk or a memory of the electronic device 700. The memory may also be an external storage device of the electronic device 700, such as a plug-in hard disk, a Smart Media Card (SMC), a Secure Digital (SD) Card, a Flash memory Card (Flash Card), and the like, which are provided on the electronic device 700. Further, the memory may also include both internal and external storage units of the electronic device 700. The memory is used for storing the computer program and other programs and data required by the electronic device 700. The memory may also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or is to be output.
In the above embodiments, the descriptions of the respective embodiments have respective emphasis, and reference may be made to the related descriptions of other embodiments for parts that are not described or illustrated in a certain embodiment.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present application, and not for limiting the same. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not substantially depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present application and are intended to be included within the scope of the present application.
Claims (12)
1. An antenna unit, characterized in that the antenna unit comprises: the antenna comprises a radiation panel, a first dielectric substrate, a coaxial feed structure and a cavity with an opening on the top surface;
the first medium substrate is movably arranged in the cavity;
the lower surface of the radiation panel is covered on the top surface of the cavity to seal the cavity;
one end of the coaxial feed structure is connected with the radiation panel, and the other end of the coaxial feed structure penetrates through the first dielectric substrate and the bottom surface of the cavity;
a first cavity is formed between the first dielectric substrate and the radiation panel, and a second cavity is formed between the first dielectric substrate and the bottom surface of the cavity;
the first cavity is provided with a through hole, and the through hole is used for leading in or leading out a fluid medium so as to adjust the distance between the first medium substrate and the radiation panel.
2. The antenna unit of claim 1, wherein the antenna unit further comprises: a feed network;
the feed network is connected with the other end of the coaxial feed structure.
3. The antenna unit of claim 2, wherein the feed network comprises a bridge, a first balun, and a second balun;
a first output end of the bridge is connected with an input end of the first balun, and a first output end and a second output end of the first balun are connected with the coaxial feed structure;
a second output end of the bridge is connected with an input end of the second balun, and a first output end and a second output end of the second balun are connected with the coaxial feed structure;
the first input end and the second input end of the electric bridge are connected with the radio frequency input port.
4. The antenna element of claim 2, wherein said feed network comprises a third balun and a fourth balun;
the first output end and the second output end of the third balun are connected with the coaxial feed structure; a first output end and a second output end of the fourth balun are connected with the coaxial feed structure; and the input end of the third balun and the input end of the fourth balun are connected with a radio frequency input port.
5. The antenna unit of claim 1, wherein the radiating panel comprises a second dielectric substrate and a radiator;
and forming the patterned radiator on the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate, wherein one end of the coaxial feed structure is connected with the feed end of the radiator through a metalized hole.
6. The antenna element of claim 5, wherein said radiator comprises a rotationally symmetric arrangement of radiating arms of respective closed loop structures.
7. The antenna element of claim 6, wherein one of the diagonal ends of each of said radiating arms is a feed end and a tail end, the feed end of each of said radiating arms is located near a rotational symmetry center, and the tail end of each of said radiating arms is located away from the rotational symmetry center.
8. The antenna unit of claim 7, wherein the cavity of each of the radiating arms further defines a first open path and a second open path, the first open path being connected to the feeding end and extending a first predetermined length to the distal end; the second open line is connected with the tail end and extends to the feed end by a second preset length, and the sum of the first preset length and the second preset length is smaller than the length of the diagonal line of the radiation arm.
9. An antenna element according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the end of each radiating arm is metallised with a hole to form an open stub.
10. The antenna unit of claim 1, wherein the antenna unit further comprises: the piston is arranged at one end of the push rod and positioned in the hollow cylinder;
a through hole is communicated with the sealing end of the hollow cylinder, and the sealing end of the hollow cylinder is connected to the through hole of the first cavity, so that the through hole is communicated with the through hole;
when the hollow cylinder contains a fluid medium and the push rod drives the piston to move from the first position to the second position of the hollow cylinder, the fluid medium is extruded out of the through hole of the hollow cylinder and is guided into the first cavity from the through hole;
when the push rod drives the piston to move from the second position to the first position of the hollow cylinder, the fluid medium is led out from the through hole of the first cavity and returns to the hollow cylinder through the through hole of the hollow cylinder.
11. An antenna array comprising at least one antenna element as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the elements are arranged in an N x M array, N being the number of elements in each column, M being the number of columns in the array, and N and M being positive integers.
12. An electronic device comprising an antenna array according to claim 11.
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