CN115077956A - Simulation test system for ventilation and dust removal in hazardous chemical substance transportation tank car - Google Patents
Simulation test system for ventilation and dust removal in hazardous chemical substance transportation tank car Download PDFInfo
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- CN115077956A CN115077956A CN202210526433.5A CN202210526433A CN115077956A CN 115077956 A CN115077956 A CN 115077956A CN 202210526433 A CN202210526433 A CN 202210526433A CN 115077956 A CN115077956 A CN 115077956A
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- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
The invention discloses a simulation test system for ventilation and dust removal in a dangerous chemical transport tank car, which comprises the following modules: the tank car model is used for providing a simulation environment of a real tank car; a small ventilator for providing motive force for gas flow; the small frequency converter is used for adjusting the rotating speed of the small ventilator to realize the adjustment of wind speed and flow; a vent conduit for providing a path for a flow of gas; the fan pipeline is used for realizing the connection between the small-sized ventilator and the ventilation pipeline; the gas concentration detector is used for detecting the concentrations of oxygen and harmful gases in the ventilation process; a hot wire anemometer; a gas generating device; a camera; a portable computer. By designing the tank car model in a scaling manner, the internal flow field, dust distribution, ventilation effect and the like of the hazardous chemical substance transportation tank car under different conditions can be simulated, and cognition and understanding of related-field researchers and technical developers on the gas flow field in the limited space of the tank car are promoted.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tank car ventilation and dust removal, in particular to a simulation test system for ventilation and dust removal in a dangerous chemical transport tank car.
Background
The air replacement must all be carried out earlier to jar internal portion to danger article transportation tank car when annual inspection at every turn and comprehensive inspection, and the main objective provides sufficient fresh air, reduces harmful gas and jar interior dust concentration simultaneously, and the personal safety and the health of the inspection personnel during operation in the guarantee entering jar. At present, the mode of discharging and ventilating residual harmful gas in the tank car mainly depends on a narrow manhole to realize convection of air inside and outside the tank car in a natural state, the time is long, the effect is poor, ventilation is not guaranteed, and safety accidents are easy to happen. Also have some places to set up the fan outside the jar body temporarily, constantly drum into fresh air and ensure jar internal air flow, the drawback of this kind of mode is unable control jar interior gas flow path, can not dilute in order to the harmful gas in the air, does not possess the flow control function simultaneously.
In the current engineering application, almost all the dangerous chemical substance transportation tank cars are inspected and overhauled in a mode of manually entering the tank for operation, and the working conditions and the environment are poor. The root cause of the failure in effectively realizing the air exchange and dust removal in the tank is that the flow field distribution and flow rules of harmful gas and floating dust in the tank are not known in the ventilation state, and no extraction rules are used for guiding the design of the air exchange and dust removal system.
An effective solution to the problems in the related art has not been proposed yet.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the related art, the invention provides a simulation test system for ventilation and dust removal in a dangerous chemical transport tank car, so as to overcome the technical problems in the prior related art.
Therefore, the invention adopts the following specific technical scheme:
a simulation test system for ventilation and dust removal in a hazardous chemical substance transportation tank car comprises the following modules:
the tank car model is used for providing a simulation environment of a real tank car;
a small ventilator for providing motive force for gas flow;
the small frequency converter is used for adjusting the rotating speed of the small ventilator to realize the adjustment of wind speed and flow;
a vent conduit for providing a path for a flow of gas;
the fan pipeline is used for realizing the connection between the small-sized ventilator and the ventilation pipeline;
the gas concentration detector is used for detecting the concentrations of oxygen and harmful gases in the ventilation process;
the hot wire anemometer is used for detecting the wind speed in the ventilation process;
the gas generating device is used for simulating and generating toxic and harmful gas inside the tank car;
the camera is used for shooting the process of gas flowing and distribution evolution in the tank;
the data acquisition module is used for realizing the acquisition of wind speed and concentration data;
and the portable computer is used for data processing and analog simulation calculation.
Further, the tank car model is made of transparent acrylic materials and is in a modular design;
the tank car model comprises a tank body module, wherein end enclosure modules are arranged at two ends of the tank body module, a liquid inlet hole and a liquid outlet hole are sequentially formed in one side of the bottom of the tank body module, a manhole is formed in the other side of the top of the tank body module, a plurality of swash plates which are arranged at equal intervals are arranged in the tank body module, and supports are arranged on two sides of the bottom of the tank body module.
Further, the ventilating duct is made of flexible plastic materials and is fixed at the top in the tank body module;
ventilation pipe sets up the ventilation hole that a plurality of equidistance were arranged, ventilation pipe top one side be provided with fan pipe connection just is located the inside pipeline of taking a breath of manhole.
Further, the principle of the simulation test system comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting and matching tank car model components according to the prototype data, completing model matching and assembling, and simultaneously ensuring normal system power supply, and normal states of all components and equipment;
s2, determining the required tobacco cake amount according to the simulation requirement, and simulating to generate harmful gas and floating dust through the gas generating device;
s3, measuring the initial value of the concentration of harmful gas and the initial value of the oxygen content in the tank car model;
s4, starting the small ventilator and the small frequency converter, and opening the vent hole to start ventilation;
s5, starting the gas concentration detector, the hot-wire anemometer and the camera, measuring the ventilation speed, the content of harmful gas and the oxygen concentration in real time, and shooting the distribution and flowing state of the tracer gas and floating dust in the tank in the whole process;
s6, simulating the distribution and ventilation effect of the gas flow field in the tank under different wind speed conditions by adjusting the wind speed through frequency conversion;
s7, plugging different vent holes by rubber plugs to realize simulation of gas flow field distribution and ventilation effect in the tank under different vent hole numbers and arrangement conditions;
s8, simulating flow field distribution and ventilation effect of ventilation holes with different diameters in ventilation pipelines with different diameters and the same ventilation pipeline by replacing the ventilation pipelines with different diameters and different apertures;
s9, forming tank car models with different length-diameter ratios by changing the number of tank body modules, and simulating the internal ventilation process of tank cars with various mainstream models;
s10, receiving the test data in real time through the data acquisition module, and uploading the test data to the portable computer;
s11, the portable computer processes the video shot by the camera by using a frame difference method to express the movement change of the gas flow in the tank;
and S12, the portable computer comprehensively analyzes the test data, outputs the simulation result and stores the simulation result.
Further, the gas concentration detector, the hot-wire anemoscope and the camera are started to measure the ventilation speed, the content of harmful gas and the oxygen concentration in real time, and the distribution and the flowing state of the tracer gas and floating dust in the tank are shot in the whole process, and the method comprises the following steps:
s51, injecting colored floating dust into the tank car model in advance;
s52, shooting the whole inside of the tank car model through a camera, and detecting the motion trail of the floating dust;
s53, detecting the wind speeds of a fan pipeline and a ventilation pipeline in real time through the hot wire anemometer, and calculating the real-time wind volume;
s54, detecting and determining the content of harmful gas and the concentration of oxygen in real time through the gas concentration detector;
and S55, comparing the distribution conditions of the floating dust in the front and back groups of shot videos according to the preset interval time, and correspondingly detecting the concentration and wind speed data, and judging the flowing conditions of the gas and the floating dust in the tank.
Further, the expression for calculating the real-time air volume is as follows:
Q＝Sv
wherein Q represents the air volume;
s represents the cross-sectional area of the fan pipeline;
v represents the wind speed detected by the hot-wire anemometer.
Further, the method for receiving the test data in real time through the data acquisition module and uploading the test data to the portable computer comprises the following steps:
s101, collecting and receiving concentration and wind speed data of a gas concentration detector and a hot-wire anemometer in real time;
s102, filtering abnormal values of the concentration and wind speed data;
s103, acquiring and processing video data of the camera in real time;
and S104, uploading the processed concentration, wind speed and video data to the portable computer.
Further, the real-time acquisition and processing of the video data of the camera includes the following steps:
s1031, taking the center of the picture captured by the camera as an origin, gradually reducing the resolution outwards in sequence to divide the captured picture into a multi-stage captured area, and sequentially reading the origin and data on a gradually outwards annular scanning line which takes the origin as the center, wherein the annular scanning line is defined as a layer;
s1032, dividing the stages in the multi-stage capturing area into two stages from the center of a circle to the outside, namely a central area and a peripheral area;
s1033, sequentially reducing the resolution of each layer to which the peripheral region belongs and the outermost layer of the central region from inside to outside;
s1034, constructing a rectangular coordinate system by taking the origin as the origin, and calling the positions of the pixel points on the corresponding layers as bits;
s1035, taking the number m of the outermost layer in the central area, taking the number of any layer in the peripheral area as n, and sequentially counting each layer as the number of bits according to the counterclockwise or clockwise bit, the method for reading the number of bits is to first take m random numbers according to the formula rand (0, 1) and then multiply n, and finally take the number obtained by rounding as the number of bits read by the current layer.
Further, the portable computer processes the video shot by the camera by using a frame difference method to express the motion change of the gas flow in the tank, and the method comprises the following steps:
s111, calibrating the camera to obtain calibration parameters;
s112, performing interframe difference on the previous frame image and the current frame image shot by the camera to obtain a frame difference image;
s113, detecting floating particles in the frame difference image, selecting the maximum outline as an airflow flowing frame, and drawing an airflow motion track by integrating multiple frames of images.
Further, the calculation formula of the inter-frame difference is as follows:
wherein, I d (x, y) is a frame difference image, I c (x, y) and I p (x, y) respectively represent images of a previous frame and a current frame, thr is a difference threshold, and abs is an absolute value.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the tank car model is designed in a scaling mode, and a small ventilator, a small frequency converter, a ventilating pipeline, a gas concentration detector, a hot-wire anemoscope and a gas generating device are configured to form a complete tank car internal ventilation and floating dust removal simulation system; can simulate danger (liquid) article transportation tank car internal flow field under the different situation, the dust distributes, ventilation effect etc, promote the cognition and understanding of relevant field scientific research worker and technical development personnel to gas flow field in the tank car confined space, provide data support for ventilation system design, the design of dust pelletizing system that takes a breath is guided in the science, help personnel master the interior flow field distribution and the law that flows of taking a breath and removing dust of jar, and then improve the inside clear efficiency of taking a breath of tank car, reduce personnel's participation in the traditional mode, improve jar interior operational environment, the security is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a system block diagram of a simulated testing system for ventilation and dust removal within a hazardous chemical transport tanker according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a tank car model in a simulation test system for ventilation and dust removal inside a hazardous chemical substance transportation tank car according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of the simulation test system for ventilating and dedusting the interior of the hazardous chemical substance transportation tank car according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a practical model diagram of a simulation test system for ventilating and dedusting the interior of a hazardous chemical transportation tank car according to an embodiment of the invention.
In the figure:
1. a tank car model; 101. a tank module; 102. a head sealing module; 103. a liquid inlet hole; 104. a drain hole; 105. a manhole; 106. a swash plate; 107. a support; 2. a small-sized ventilator; 3. a miniature frequency converter; 4. a ventilation duct; 401. a vent hole; 402. a ventilation duct; 5. a fan duct; 6. a gas concentration detector; 7. a hot wire anemometer; 8. a gas generating device; 9. a camera; 10. a data acquisition module; 11. a portable computer.
Detailed Description
For further explanation of the various embodiments, the drawings which form a part of the disclosure and which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of operation of the embodiments, and to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the various embodiments and advantages of the invention, and, by reference to these figures, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which are not to scale and wherein like reference numerals generally refer to like elements.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the simulation test system for ventilation and dust removal in the dangerous chemical transport tank car is provided.
Referring to the drawings and the detailed description, the invention is further explained, and as shown in fig. 1-4, the simulation test system for ventilation and dust removal in the hazardous chemical substance transportation tank car according to the embodiment of the invention comprises the following modules:
the tank car model 1 is used for providing a simulation environment of a real tank car;
a small-sized ventilator 2 for providing a motive force for the flow of gas;
the small frequency converter 3 is used for adjusting the rotating speed of the small ventilator to realize the adjustment of wind speed and flow;
a ventilation duct 4 for providing a path for a gas flow;
the fan pipeline 5 is used for realizing the connection between the small-sized ventilator and the ventilation pipeline;
a gas concentration detector 6 for detecting the concentration of oxygen and harmful gas in the ventilation process;
a hot-wire anemometer 7 for detecting a wind speed during ventilation;
the gas generating device 8 is used for simulating and generating toxic and harmful gas in the tank car (according to different simulation objects, the gas in the gas generating device can be replaced by ammonia gas, methane and the like, and related gas content measuring instruments are also replaced);
the camera 9 is used for shooting the gas flowing and distribution evolution process in the tank;
the data acquisition module 10 is used for realizing the acquisition of wind speed and concentration data;
and the portable computer 11 is used for processing data and performing analog simulation calculation.
In one embodiment, the tank car model is made of transparent acrylic materials and is in a modular design;
the tank car model comprises a tank body module 101, end enclosure modules 102 are arranged at two ends of the tank body module 101, a liquid inlet hole 103 and a liquid outlet hole 104 are sequentially formed in one side of the bottom of the tank body module 101, a manhole 105 is formed in the other side of the top of the tank body module 101, a plurality of swash plates 106 which are arranged at equal intervals are arranged in the tank body module, and supports 107 are arranged on two sides of the bottom of the tank body module 101.
The tank body adopts a combined design structure, the length can be increased and decreased, and various mainstream tank car proportional structures in the market of China can be realized. The bottom of the tank body is provided with a row of liquid inlet and liquid outlet (gas) holes, and the liquid outlet (gas) holes can be opened and closed according to different requirements, so that simulation under different states is realized.
In one embodiment, the ventilation duct 4 is made of flexible plastic material and is fixed on the inner top of the tank module;
The ventilation pipeline is made of flexible plastic materials and fixed on the upper portion inside the tank car, ventilation holes are formed in the ventilation pipeline according to the arrangement of the wave breaker in the tank, the number of the ventilation holes and the diameter of the ventilation holes are adjusted as required, the ventilation holes can be plugged by elastic rubber plugs, and different combination arrangements are achieved.
In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the principles of the simulation test system include the following steps:
s1, selecting and matching the tank car model 1 component according to the prototype data, completing model matching and assembling, and simultaneously ensuring normal system power supply, and normal states of all components and equipment;
s2, determining the required tobacco cake amount according to the simulation requirement, and simulating to generate harmful gas and floating dust through the gas generating device 8;
s3, measuring the initial value of the concentration of harmful gas and the initial value of the oxygen content in the tank car model 1;
s4, starting the small-sized ventilator 2 and the small-sized frequency converter 3, and opening the vent hole 401 to start ventilation;
s5, starting the gas concentration detector 6, the hot-wire anemoscope 7 and the camera 9, measuring the ventilation speed, the content of harmful gas and the oxygen concentration in real time, shooting the distribution and the flowing state of the tracer gas and floating dust in the tank in the whole process, and comprising the following steps:
s51, injecting colored floating dust into the tank car model 1 in advance;
s52, shooting the whole inside of the tank car model 1 through a camera 9, and detecting the motion trail of the floating dust;
s53, detecting the wind speeds of the fan pipeline 5 and the ventilation pipeline 4 in real time through the hot wire anemometer 7, and calculating the real-time wind volume;
wherein, the expression for calculating the real-time air volume is as follows:
Q＝Sv
wherein Q represents the air volume;
s represents the cross-sectional area of the fan pipeline;
v represents the wind speed detected by the hot-wire anemometer.
S54, detecting and determining the content of harmful gas and the concentration of oxygen in real time through the gas concentration detector 6;
s55, comparing the distribution situation of the floating dust in the front and back two groups of shot videos according to the preset interval time, and judging the flowing situation of the gas and the floating dust in the tank according to the corresponding detected concentration and wind speed data.
S6, simulating the distribution and ventilation effect of the gas flow field in the tank under different wind speed conditions by adjusting the wind speed through frequency conversion;
s7, plugging different vent holes 401 by rubber plugs to realize the simulation of gas flow field distribution and ventilation effect in the tank under different vent hole 401 numbers and arrangement conditions;
s8, simulating flow field distribution and ventilation effect of ventilation holes 401 with different diameters in ventilation pipelines 4 with different diameters and different apertures in the same ventilation pipeline 4 by replacing the ventilation pipelines 4 with different diameters and apertures;
s9, forming tank car models 1 with different length-diameter ratios by changing the number of the tank body modules 101, and simulating the internal ventilation process of tank cars with various mainstream models;
s10, receiving the test data in real time through the data acquisition module 10, and uploading the test data to the portable computer 11, including the following steps:
s101, collecting and receiving concentration and wind speed data of the gas concentration detector 6 and the hot-wire anemometer 7 in real time;
s102, filtering abnormal values of the concentration and wind speed data;
s103, collecting and processing the video data of the camera 9 in real time, and comprising the following steps:
s1031, taking the center of the picture captured by the camera 9 as an origin, gradually reducing the resolution outwards in sequence to divide the captured picture into a multi-stage capture area, and sequentially reading the origin and data on a gradually outwards annular scanning line which takes the origin as the center, wherein the annular scanning line is defined as a layer;
s1032, dividing the series in the multi-stage capturing area into two stages from the center of a circle to the outside, namely a central area and a peripheral area;
s1033, the resolution of each layer to which the peripheral region belongs and the resolution of the outermost layer of the central region are sequentially reduced from inside to outside;
s1034, constructing a rectangular coordinate system by taking the origin as the origin, and calling the positions of the pixel points on the corresponding layers as bits;
s1035, taking the number m of the outermost layer in the central area, taking the number of any layer in the peripheral area as n, and sequentially counting each layer as the number of bits according to the counterclockwise or clockwise bit, the method for reading the number of bits is to first take m random numbers according to the formula rand (0, 1) and then multiply n, and finally take the number obtained by rounding as the number of bits read by the current layer.
And S104, uploading the processed concentration, wind speed and video data to the portable computer 11.
S11, the portable computer 11 processes the video shot by the camera 9 by using the frame difference method to express the movement change of the gas flow in the tank, including the following steps:
s111, calibrating the camera 9 to obtain calibration parameters;
s112, performing interframe difference on the previous frame image and the current frame image shot by the camera 9 to obtain a frame difference image;
the calculation formula of the interframe difference is as follows:
wherein, I d (x, y) is a frame difference image, I c (x, y) and I p (x, y) respectively represent images of a previous frame and a current frame, thr is a difference threshold, and abs is an absolute value.
S113, detecting floating particles in the frame difference image, selecting the maximum outline as an airflow flowing frame, and drawing an airflow motion track by integrating a plurality of frames of images.
And S12, the portable computer 11 comprehensively analyzes the test data, outputs the simulation result and stores the simulation result.
In conclusion, by means of the technical scheme, the tank car model is designed in a scaling mode, and the small ventilator, the small frequency converter, the ventilating duct, the gas concentration detector, the hot-wire anemometer and the gas generating device are configured to form a complete tank car internal ventilation and floating dust removal simulation system; can simulate danger (liquid) article transportation tank car internal flow field under the different situation, the dust distributes, ventilation effect etc, promote the cognition and understanding of relevant field scientific research worker and technical development personnel to gas flow field in the tank car confined space, provide data support for ventilation system design, the design of dust pelletizing system that takes a breath is guided in the science, help personnel master the interior flow field distribution and the law that flows of taking a breath and removing dust of jar, and then improve the inside clear efficiency of taking a breath of tank car, reduce personnel's participation in the traditional mode, improve jar interior operational environment, the security is improved.
In the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "connected," "fixed," "screwed" and the like are to be understood broadly, for example, as being fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrated; can be mechanically or electrically connected; the terms may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate, and may be communication between two elements or interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise specifically limited, and the specific meaning of the terms in the present invention will be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a simulation test system that is used for inside taking a breath of danger chemicals transport tank car and removes dust which characterized in that includes following module:
the tank car model is used for providing a simulation environment of a real tank car;
a small ventilator for providing motive force for gas flow;
the small frequency converter is used for adjusting the rotating speed of the small ventilator to realize the adjustment of wind speed and flow;
a vent conduit for providing a path for a flow of gas;
the fan pipeline is used for realizing the connection between the small-sized ventilator and the ventilation pipeline;
the gas concentration detector is used for detecting the concentrations of oxygen and harmful gases in the ventilation process;
the hot wire anemometer is used for detecting the wind speed in the ventilation process;
the gas generating device is used for simulating and generating toxic and harmful gas inside the tank car;
the camera is used for shooting the process of gas flowing and distribution evolution in the tank;
the data acquisition module is used for realizing the acquisition of wind speed and concentration data;
and the portable computer is used for data processing and analog simulation calculation.
2. The simulation test system for ventilation and dust removal in the dangerous chemical transport tank car according to claim 1, wherein the tank car model is made of transparent acrylic materials and is in a modular design;
the tank car model comprises a tank body module, wherein end enclosure modules are arranged at two ends of the tank body module, a liquid inlet hole and a liquid outlet hole are sequentially formed in one side of the bottom of the tank body module, a manhole is formed in the other side of the top of the tank body module, a plurality of swash plates which are arranged at equal intervals are arranged in the tank body module, and supports are arranged on two sides of the bottom of the tank body module.
3. The simulation test system for ventilation and dust removal in the dangerous chemical transport tank car according to claim 2, wherein the ventilation pipeline is made of flexible plastic and is fixed on the top in the tank module;
ventilation pipe sets up the ventilation hole that a plurality of equidistance were arranged, ventilation pipe top one side be provided with fan pipe connection just is located the inside pipeline of taking a breath of manhole.
4. The simulation test system for ventilation and dust removal inside a hazardous chemical substance transportation tank car according to claim 3, wherein the principle of the simulation test system comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting and matching tank car model components according to the prototype data, completing model matching and assembling, and simultaneously ensuring normal system power supply, and normal states of all components and equipment;
s2, determining the required tobacco cake amount according to the simulation requirement, and simulating to generate harmful gas and floating dust through the gas generating device;
s3, measuring the initial value of the concentration of harmful gas and the initial value of the oxygen content in the tank car model;
s4, starting the small ventilator and the small frequency converter, and opening the vent hole to start ventilation;
s5, starting the gas concentration detector, the hot-wire anemometer and the camera, measuring the ventilation speed, the content of harmful gas and the oxygen concentration in real time, and shooting the distribution and flowing state of the tracer gas and floating dust in the tank in the whole process;
s6, simulating the distribution and ventilation effect of the gas flow field in the tank under different wind speed conditions by adjusting the wind speed through frequency conversion;
s7, plugging different vent holes by rubber plugs to realize simulation of gas flow field distribution and ventilation effect in the tank under different vent hole numbers and arrangement conditions;
s8, simulating the flow field distribution and the ventilation effect of ventilation holes with different diameters in ventilation pipelines with different diameters and the same ventilation pipeline by replacing the ventilation pipelines with different diameters and different apertures;
s9, forming tank car models with different length-diameter ratios by changing the number of tank body modules, and simulating the internal ventilation process of tank cars with various mainstream models;
s10, receiving the test data in real time through the data acquisition module, and uploading the test data to the portable computer;
s11, the portable computer processes the video shot by the camera by using a frame difference method to express the movement change of the gas flow in the tank;
and S12, the portable computer comprehensively analyzes the test data, outputs the simulation result and stores the simulation result.
5. The simulation test system for ventilation and dust removal inside a dangerous chemical transport tank car according to claim 4, wherein the gas concentration detector, the hot-wire anemometer and the camera are started to measure the ventilation speed, the harmful gas content and the oxygen concentration in real time, and the distribution and flow state of the tracer gas and floating dust inside the tank are shot in the whole process, and the simulation test system comprises the following steps:
s51, injecting colored floating dust into the tank car model in advance;
s52, shooting the whole inside of the tank car model through a camera, and detecting the motion trail of the floating dust;
s53, detecting the wind speeds of a fan pipeline and a ventilation pipeline in real time through the hot wire anemometer, and calculating the real-time wind volume;
s54, detecting and determining the content of harmful gas and the concentration of oxygen in real time through the gas concentration detector;
s55, comparing the distribution situation of the floating dust in the front and back two groups of shot videos according to the preset interval time, and judging the flowing situation of the gas and the floating dust in the tank according to the corresponding detected concentration and wind speed data.
6. The simulation test system for ventilation and dust removal inside a dangerous chemical transport tank car according to claim 5, wherein the expression for calculating the real-time air volume is as follows:
Q＝Sv
wherein Q represents the air volume;
s represents the cross-sectional area of the fan pipeline;
v represents the wind speed detected by the hot-wire anemometer.
7. The simulation test system for ventilation and dust removal inside a hazardous chemical substance transportation tank car according to claim 1, wherein the test data is received in real time by the data acquisition module and uploaded to the portable computer, and the simulation test system comprises the following steps:
s101, collecting and receiving concentration and wind speed data of a gas concentration detector and a hot-wire anemometer in real time;
s102, filtering abnormal values of the concentration and wind speed data;
s103, acquiring and processing video data of the camera in real time;
and S104, uploading the processed concentration, wind speed and video data to the portable computer.
8. The simulation test system for ventilating and dedusting the interior of the dangerous chemical transport tank car according to claim 7, wherein the video data of the camera is collected and processed in real time, and the simulation test system comprises the following steps:
s1031, taking the center of the picture captured by the camera as an origin, gradually reducing the resolution outwards in sequence to divide the captured picture into a multi-stage captured area, and sequentially reading the origin and data on a gradually outwards annular scanning line which takes the origin as the center, wherein the annular scanning line is defined as a layer;
s1032, dividing the series in the multi-stage capturing area into two stages from the center of a circle to the outside, namely a central area and a peripheral area;
s1033, sequentially reducing the resolution of each layer to which the peripheral region belongs and the outermost layer of the central region from inside to outside;
s1034, constructing a rectangular coordinate system by taking the origin as the origin, and calling the positions of the pixel points on the corresponding layers as bits;
s1035, taking the number m of the outermost layer in the central area, taking the number of any layer in the peripheral area as n, and sequentially counting each layer as the number of bits according to the counterclockwise or clockwise bit, the method for reading the number of bits is to first take m random numbers according to the formula rand (0, 1) and then multiply n, and finally take the number obtained by rounding as the number of bits read by the current layer.
9. The system for simulating the ventilation and dust removal of the interior of a hazardous chemical substance transportation tank car according to claim 8, wherein the portable computer processes the video shot by the camera by using a frame difference method to express the motion change of the gas flow in the tank, comprising the following steps:
s111, calibrating the camera to obtain calibration parameters;
s112, performing interframe difference on the previous frame image and the current frame image shot by the camera to obtain a frame difference image;
s113, detecting floating particles in the frame difference image, selecting the maximum outline as an airflow flowing frame, and drawing an airflow motion track by integrating a plurality of frames of images.
10. The simulation test system for ventilating and dedusting the interior of the hazardous chemical substance transportation tank car according to claim 9, wherein the calculation formula of the frame-to-frame difference is as follows:
wherein, I d (x, y) is a frame difference image, I c (x, y) and I p (x, y) respectively represent images of a previous frame and a current frame, thr is a difference threshold, and abs is an absolute value.
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