CN115077852A - Dynamic measurement system and measurement method for continuous transonic wind tunnel - Google Patents
Dynamic measurement system and measurement method for continuous transonic wind tunnel Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A dynamic measurement system and a measurement method for a continuous transonic wind tunnel belong to the technical field of dynamic measurement of wind tunnels. The problem of dynamic measurement speed of the wind tunnel is solved. The system comprises a main case, a slave case, a system controller, a dynamic signal acquisition module, a timing synchronization module, a high-speed acquisition module, an FPGA real-time signal processing module and a high-speed disk array; a system controller, a dynamic signal acquisition module, a timing synchronization module, a high-speed acquisition module and an FPGA real-time signal processing module are arranged in the mainframe box, and the mainframe box is connected with the high-speed disk array through an optical fiber cable; a dynamic signal acquisition module and a timing synchronization module are installed in the slave cabinet; the main case and the auxiliary case are respectively connected with an air switch through cables, the air switch is connected with the PLC through a cable, and the PLC is connected with a power supply through a cable. The invention has high sampling precision, quick response and strong expandability and can realize the synchronous acquisition of the dynamic data of 200 channels.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of dynamic measurement of wind tunnels, and particularly relates to a dynamic measurement system and a dynamic measurement method of a continuous transonic wind tunnel.
Background
The dynamic measurement system is used for solving the dynamic signal measurement problems of special tests and unsteady tests in the wind tunnel, such as measurement of parameters of airflow pressure pulsation, vibration, noise and the like, and realizing the dynamic measurement in the air inlet channel and the dynamic measurement requirement of wind tunnel parameters; because various interferences of the wind tunnel site are large, the system is required to have strong anti-interference capability and the functions of signal conditioning such as filtering, amplification and the like; the dynamic measurement system not only needs to have the functions of real-time monitoring, acquisition, storage, processing and display at high transmission speed, but also needs to have powerful digital signal processing and data analysis technologies. In a large-size continuous transonic wind tunnel, in order to better monitor the dynamic characteristics of the wind tunnel, more channels need to be set for collection; the sampling rate of the dynamic signal is generally higher, so the data acquisition amount is larger; in order to better analyze the state of the whole hole body and ensure high-precision synchronization of signal acquisition of different channels, higher requirements are put forward on the design of one set of acquisition system under the condition.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of large number of acquisition channels, large data volume and high processing speed of continuous blowing requirement signals in a large wind tunnel.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a dynamic measurement system of a continuous transonic wind tunnel comprises a main chassis, a slave chassis, a system controller, a dynamic signal acquisition module, a timing synchronization module, a high-speed acquisition module, an FPGA real-time signal processing module and a high-speed disk array;
a system controller, a dynamic signal acquisition module, a timing synchronization module, a high-speed acquisition module and an FPGA real-time signal processing module are arranged in the mainframe box, and the mainframe box is connected with the high-speed disk array through an optical fiber cable;
a dynamic signal acquisition module and a timing synchronization module are installed in the slave cabinet;
the main case and the auxiliary case are respectively connected with an air switch through cables, the air switch is connected with the PLC through a cable, and the PLC is connected with a power supply through a cable.
Furthermore, MXI Express optical fiber cables are used for connecting the cabinets, and the head and the tail of the optical fibers are respectively plugged onto PXIe-8381 board cards and PXIe-8384 board cards to form a daisy chain topology mode.
Further, the master chassis and the slave chassis are 18-slot PXIe chassis.
Furthermore, a timing synchronization module is inserted into each case, the same clock signal is routed among a plurality of cases, and a clock trigger signal is shared in the same case through a case backboard bus and is used for triggering and synchronizing a plurality of cases.
Further, the routing sequence of the synchronization signals is that clock signals are led out from a clk out interface of the master chassis, signals are led in through a PFI1 interface connected to a Slave chassis Slave0 through cables, and then the signals are led out from a PFI0 interface of the Slave chassis Slave 0; signals are led in through a PFI1 interface connected to the Slave chassis Slave1 through cables, led out through a PFI0 interface of the Slave chassis 1 and led in through a PFI1 interface connected to the Slave chassis Slave2 through cables.
Furthermore, a high-speed acquisition module and an FPGA real-time signal processing module are used, the highest sampling rate is 120MS/s, and a signal processing algorithm of 200 channels and high-speed acquisition channel data is deployed in hardware to complete the processing.
Furthermore, 4 air switches respectively control the on-off of the power supply of each case, and the PLC controller controls the working sequence and the delay time of the air switches for the sequence of power-on and power-off, wherein the power-on is carried out from the case to the main case, and the power-off is carried out from the main case to the auxiliary case.
Furthermore, the dynamic signal acquisition module is connected with a sensor of a wind tunnel experiment, and the sensor of the wind tunnel experiment comprises one or more of a pulsating pressure sensor, a microphone sensor and an accelerometer sensor.
A measuring method of a dynamic measuring system of a continuous transonic wind tunnel comprises the following steps:
s1, before collection, arranging a probe of a sensor of a wind tunnel experiment at a position for detecting noise or vibration in the wind tunnel, and connecting the other end of the sensor to a dynamic signal collection module through a cable;
s2, starting four chassis in the dynamic measurement system of the continuous transonic wind tunnel in sequence, starting a direct current power supply, starting software, and configuring parameters of a channel according to acquisition requirements in a test;
s3, after parameter configuration is completed, in a test blowing process, the dynamic measurement system of the continuous transonic wind tunnel establishes communication connection with a wind tunnel master controller, the master controller adjusts the rotating speed of a compressor through a flow field, controls the compressor to be stable at a certain Mach number, changes the model state through attitude angular motion, waits for the flow field to be stable again after the model moves, and sends an acquisition instruction to the dynamic measurement system of the continuous transonic wind tunnel after the model moves;
s4, after receiving the instruction, the dynamic acquisition system acquires the data according to the set time, stores the acquired data in a disk array, and feeds back a signal to the master control acquisition end after the acquisition;
and S5, after receiving feedback signals of each system, the main controller controls the attitude angle to change into the next angle, waits for the flow field to be stable again after the angle is changed, and repeats the process until the train number is finished.
Furthermore, sampling rate, time, sensor data and flow field key information are stored in tdms and txt files for each train number, and double backup is performed.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the dynamic measurement system of the continuous transonic wind tunnel has the advantages of high system sampling precision, quick response and strong expandability, and can realize synchronous acquisition of dynamic data of 200 channels, wherein the synchronous precision is in ns level; the method has the advantages of high-speed acquisition of multi-channel data, rapid operation and real-time analysis of the FPGA chip, and good application prospect in the field of continuous wind tunnel tests.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a dynamic measurement system of a continuous transonic wind tunnel according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a multi-chassis synchronization signal routing of a dynamic measurement system of a continuous transonic wind tunnel according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a measurement method of a dynamic measurement system of a continuous transonic wind tunnel according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a single-channel data curve at a sampling rate of 102.4k according to the measurement method of the dynamic measurement system of the continuous transonic wind tunnel.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description. It is to be understood that the embodiments described herein are illustrative only and are not limiting, i.e., that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments, rather than all, of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations, and the present invention may have other embodiments.
Thus, the following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present invention presented in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the detailed description of the invention without inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the invention.
In order to further understand the contents, features and effects of the present invention, the following embodiments are illustrated and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings 1-4:
the first embodiment is as follows:
a dynamic measurement system of a continuous transonic wind tunnel comprises a main chassis 7, a slave chassis 8, a system controller 1, a dynamic signal acquisition module 2, a timing synchronization module 3, a high-speed acquisition module 4, an FPGA real-time signal processing module 5 and a high-speed disk array 6;
a system controller 1, a dynamic signal acquisition module 2, a timing synchronization module 3, a high-speed acquisition module 4 and an FPGA real-time signal processing module 5 are arranged in a mainframe box 7, and the mainframe box 7 is connected with a high-speed disk array 6 through an optical fiber cable;
a dynamic signal acquisition module 2 and a timing synchronization module 3 are installed in the slave case 8;
the main case 7 and the auxiliary case 8 are respectively connected with an air switch 9 through cables, the air switch 9 is connected with a PLC 10 through a cable, and the PLC 10 is connected with a power supply 11 through a cable.
Furthermore, the chassis are connected by using MXI Express optical fiber cables, the head and the tail of the optical fiber are respectively plugged onto the PXIe-8381 board card and the PXIe-8384 board card to form a daisy chain topology mode, the continuous data processing capacity of the board card in each direction is up to 3.2GB/s, the reliability of data transmission is guaranteed, and if the system needs to be expanded, the chassis and the board card can be increased in the mode.
Further, the master chassis 7 and the slave chassis 8 are 18-slot PXIe chassis.
Furthermore, a timing synchronization module 3 is inserted into each chassis, the same clock signal is routed among a plurality of chassis, and the same chassis shares a clock trigger signal through a chassis backplane bus for triggering and synchronizing among a plurality of chassis. All the acquisition boards need to share the same sampling clock. Each slot in the same case can share a clock trigger signal through a backplane bus, so that synchronous acquisition among different board cards in the same case is realized. The synchronization precision based on the clock is far superior to that based on the time synchronization modes such as IRIG-B or GPS and the like, and the ns-level inter-channel synchronization precision can be realized.
Further, names of timing synchronization modules of the Master chassis 7 and the three Slave chassis 8 are named Master, Slave0, Slave1 and Slave2 respectively, and routing sequence of synchronization signals is that clock signals are led out from a clk out interface of the Master chassis, signals are led in through a PFI1 interface connected to the Slave chassis Slave0 through a cable, and then the signals are led out from a PFI0 interface of the Slave chassis 0; signals are led in through a PFI1 interface connected to the Slave chassis Slave1 through cables, led out through a PFI0 interface of the Slave1, and led in through a PFI1 interface connected to the Slave chassis Slave2 through cables, as shown in FIG. 2.
Furthermore, a high-speed acquisition module 4 and an FPGA real-time signal processing module 5 are used, the highest sampling rate is 120MS/s, and a signal processing algorithm of 200 channels and high-speed acquisition channel data is deployed in hardware to complete the processing.
Furthermore, 4 air switches 9 respectively control the on-off of the power supply of each case, and the PLC 10 controls the working sequence and the delay time of the air switches 9 for the sequence of power-on and power-off, wherein the power-on is from the case to the main case, and the power-off is from the main case to the auxiliary case.
Further, the dynamic signal acquisition module 2 is connected to a sensor of a wind tunnel experiment, and the sensor of the wind tunnel experiment includes one or more of a pulsating pressure sensor, a microphone sensor and an accelerometer sensor. The highest sampling rate of the dynamic signal acquisition module is 204.8 kS/s; an Integrated Electronic Piezoelectric (IEPE) excitation circuit is provided that can provide up to 20 mA for high power sensors, and can provide strong data integrity even through the longest sensor cable; a differential mode of double-end-to-ground isolation is selected, and the input connection mode improves the adaptability of the common-mode voltage allowed to be input by the acquisition equipment on one hand, reduces the influence caused by the difference between a signal source and the reference ground potential (ground circulation) of the equipment on the other hand, and improves the measurement precision; meanwhile, the hardware interface of the module is an industry standard BNC connector, and the module is very suitable for measuring common microphones and accelerometers.
Furthermore, in order to facilitate the connection of various sensors, the BNC connector is converted into a differential wiring terminal, two wiring ports are respectively positive and negative signals, the wiring terminals of all channels are concentrated on a distribution frame of the cabinet, and a user can select different access modes according to the types of the sensors.
Further, many types of sensors require separate power supplies, typically 10VDC or 12VDC, when in use. Therefore, a Keysight direct-current power supply is also configured in the system, and the system is automatically powered on to output a voltage signal so as to uniformly supply power for the sensors.
Furthermore, in order to meet the requirement of higher signal acquisition, a system is provided with a high-speed acquisition board card, the sampling rate of the board card can reach 120MS/s at most, so that a module with large data flow throughput capacity is required to process, a FlexRIO module and an embedded FPGA chip are matched in design, a high-level and complex control algorithm is directly operated on the system, and the lowest delay and the highest circulation rate can be realized. In the system, the IP inner core of the FPGA module is used for carrying out signal processing and analysis functions such as real-time FFT (fast Fourier transform) on 200 channel data and high-speed acquired data, so that the load of CPU (Central processing Unit) calculation is greatly reduced, and the real-time calculation capability is improved.
Further, in order to ensure real-time storage of data acquired at high speed, the system adopts a RAID disk array and consists of 12 500GB 3.5-inch SATA II hard disks, so that the total storage capacity of 6TB is realized. A high speed flow tray of optical fiber with a maximum speed of 750MB per second. According to the actual use condition, the sampling rate of each channel is 200k according to 200 channels, the resolution is 24bit, and the system bandwidth is 200 x 3 x 200k 120MB/s which is far lower than the flow disk speed of the system.
Furthermore, because dynamic signals generally belong to weak signals, if interference signals exist in a test field, the influence on the dynamic signals is large, so that the dynamic cables all use shielded twisted-pair lines, the lower end of a system cabinet is provided with a grounding copper bar, all chassis grounds and cable shielding layers are connected with a field test ground, the interference is avoided, and the signal accuracy is ensured.
Furthermore, in the test process, the system can be operated and collected by a single machine or can be controlled to collect by the wind tunnel master control system, a controller network port of the system is connected with a test field router, and the system and the master control system transmit and feed back instructions in a TCP/IP Ethernet mode to complete the test in a matched mode.
The dynamic measurement system of the continuous transonic wind tunnel has the advantages of high sampling precision, quick response and strong expandability, can realize synchronous acquisition of dynamic data of 200 channels, and has the synchronous precision at ns level; the method has the advantages that the multichannel data are collected at a high speed, the FPGA chip is used for fast operation and real-time analysis, the operation efficiency is greatly improved, the CPU load is reduced, and the method has a good application prospect in the field of continuous wind tunnel tests.
The second embodiment is as follows:
according to a specific embodiment, a measurement method of a dynamic measurement system of a continuous transonic wind tunnel includes the following steps:
s1, before collection, arranging a probe of a sensor of a wind tunnel experiment at a position for detecting noise or vibration in the wind tunnel, and connecting the other end of the sensor to a dynamic signal collection module through a cable;
s2, respectively starting four cases in the dynamic measurement system of the continuous transonic wind tunnel in sequence, starting a direct-current power supply, and configuring parameters of a channel according to the acquisition requirements in the test;
s3, after parameter configuration is completed, in a test blowing process, the dynamic measurement system of the continuous transonic wind tunnel establishes communication connection with a wind tunnel master controller, the master controller adjusts the rotating speed of a compressor through a flow field, controls the compressor to be stable at a certain Mach number, changes the model state through attitude angular motion, waits for the flow field to be stable again after the model moves, and sends an acquisition instruction to the dynamic measurement system of the continuous transonic wind tunnel after the model moves;
s4, after receiving the instruction, the dynamic acquisition system acquires the data according to the set time, stores the acquired data in a disk array, and feeds back a signal to the master control acquisition end after the acquisition;
and S5, after receiving feedback signals of each system, the main controller controls the attitude angle to change into the next angle, waits for the flow field to be stable again after the angle is changed, and repeats the process until the train number is finished.
Furthermore, sampling rate, time, sensor data and flow field key information are stored in tdms files and txt files for each train number, and double backup is performed.
Further, taking a certain 2.4 m continuous wind tunnel in China as an example, a measurement method of the dynamic measurement system of the continuous transonic wind tunnel according to the embodiment is described, as shown in fig. 3-4:
further, the concrete implementation method for evaluating the sound source condition of the wind tunnel comprises the following steps:
in the data processing process, firstly, the voltage signal is converted into a sound pressure signal:
x is a voltage signal (V) collected by the dynamic system,
a, B is a calibration coefficient of the sensor for the sound pressure signal (Pa), and then the sound pressure level of the sound signal is calculated;
the noise sound pressure level spl (db) is defined as:
P s as reference sound pressure, its value is 2X 10 -5 Pa，
To average pulsating pressure, i.e. P rms ；
Mean pulsating pressure coefficient
(i.e. Cp rms ) The relationship between the non-dimensional frequency spectrum function F (n) and the non-dimensional frequency parameter n is as follows:
q is dynamic pressure;
n＝fW/U ∞
w is the width of the test section, U ∞ F is the frequency;
hz is 1/s;
therefore, the temperature of the molten metal is controlled,
and calculating the sound pressure level of the noise, one-third frequency multiplication and a class spectrum function F (n), and evaluating the sound source condition of the wind tunnel.
Further, fig. 4 shows the single-channel data result at a sampling rate of 102.4 k.
It is noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
While the application has been described above with reference to specific embodiments, various modifications may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the application. In particular, the various features of the embodiments disclosed herein can be used in any combination with one another as long as no structural conflict exists, and the combination is not exhaustive in this specification for reasons of brevity and resource economy. Therefore, it is intended that the application not be limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but that the application will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A dynamic measurement system of a continuous transonic wind tunnel is characterized in that: the system comprises a main case (7), a slave case (8), a system controller (1), a dynamic signal acquisition module (2), a timing synchronization module (3), a high-speed acquisition module (4), an FPGA real-time signal processing module (5) and a high-speed disk array (6);
the system comprises a mainframe box (7), a system controller (1), a dynamic signal acquisition module (2), a timing synchronization module (3), a high-speed acquisition module (4) and an FPGA real-time signal processing module (5) are arranged in the mainframe box (7), and the mainframe box (7) is connected with a high-speed disk array (6) through an optical fiber cable;
a dynamic signal acquisition module (2) and a timing synchronization module (3) are installed in the slave case (8);
the main case (7) and the auxiliary case (8) are respectively connected with an air switch (9) through cables, the air switch (9) is connected with a PLC (programmable logic controller) controller (10) through cables, and the PLC controller (10) is connected with a power supply (11) through cables.
2. The dynamic measurement system of the continuous transonic wind tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: MXI Express optical fiber cables are used for connection among the cabinets, and the head and the tail of the optical fibers are respectively plugged onto PXIe-8381 board cards and PXIe-8384 board cards to form a daisy chain topology mode.
3. The dynamic measurement system of the continuous transonic wind tunnel according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the master chassis (7) and the slave chassis (8) are 18-slot PXIe chassis.
4. The dynamic measurement system of the continuous transonic wind tunnel according to claim 3, characterized in that: a timing synchronization module (3) is inserted into each case, the same clock signal is routed among a plurality of cases, and a clock trigger signal is shared in the same case through a case backboard bus and used for triggering and synchronizing a plurality of cases.
5. The dynamic measurement system of the continuous transonic wind tunnel according to claim 4, wherein: the routing sequence of the synchronous signals is that clock signals are led out from a clk out interface of the master chassis, signals are led in through a PFI1 interface connected to a Slave chassis Slave0 through cables, and then the signals are led out from a PFI0 interface of a Slave 0; signals are led in through a PFI1 interface connected to the Slave chassis Slave1 through cables, led out through a PFI0 interface of the Slave1, and led in through a PFI1 interface connected to the Slave chassis Slave2 through cables.
6. The dynamic measurement system of the continuous transonic wind tunnel according to claim 5, wherein: and (3) using a high-speed acquisition module (4) and an FPGA real-time signal processing module (5), wherein the highest sampling rate is 120MS/s, and deploying 200 channels and a signal processing algorithm for acquiring channel data at a high speed in hardware to complete the acquisition.
7. The dynamic measurement system of the continuous transonic wind tunnel according to claim 6, wherein: the 4 air switches (9) respectively control the switch of the power supply of each machine case, the PLC (10) controls the working sequence and the delay time of the air switches (9) and is used for the sequence of power-on and power-off, the power-on is carried out from the machine case to the main machine case, and the power-off is carried out from the main machine case to the slave machine case.
8. The dynamic measurement system of the continuous transonic wind tunnel according to claim 7, wherein: the dynamic signal acquisition module (2) is connected with a sensor of a wind tunnel experiment, and the sensor of the wind tunnel experiment comprises one or more of a pulsating pressure sensor, a microphone sensor and an accelerometer sensor.
9. A measurement method of a dynamic measurement system of a continuous transonic wind tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, before collection, arranging a probe of a sensor of a wind tunnel experiment at a position for detecting noise or vibration in the wind tunnel, and connecting the other end of the sensor to a dynamic signal collection module through a cable;
s2, starting four chassis in the dynamic measurement system of the continuous transonic wind tunnel in sequence, starting a direct current power supply, and configuring parameters of a channel according to acquisition requirements in a test;
s3, after parameter configuration is completed, in a test blowing process, the dynamic measurement system of the continuous transonic wind tunnel establishes communication connection with a wind tunnel master controller, the master controller adjusts the rotating speed of a compressor through a flow field, controls the compressor to be stable at a certain Mach number, changes the model state through attitude angular motion, waits for the flow field to be stable again after the model moves, and sends an acquisition instruction to the dynamic measurement system of the continuous transonic wind tunnel after the model moves;
s4, after receiving the instruction, the dynamic acquisition system acquires the data according to the set time, stores the acquired data in a disk array, and feeds back a signal to the master control acquisition end after the acquisition;
and S5, after receiving feedback signals of each system, the main controller controls the attitude angle to change into the next angle, waits for the flow field to be stable again after the angle is changed, and repeats the process until the train number is finished.
10. The measurement method of the dynamic measurement system of the continuous transonic wind tunnel according to claim 9, characterized in that: and storing the sampling rate, time, sensor data and flow field key information in tdms and txt files for each train number for double backup.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115493801A (en) * | 2022-11-17 | 2022-12-20 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心高速空气动力研究所 | Steady-state pressure and dynamic data phase synchronization parallel acquisition and preprocessing system |
| CN115508040A (en) * | 2022-11-17 | 2022-12-23 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心高速空气动力研究所 | Synchronous parallel acquisition system for data of speed field and temperature field and application method |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115493801A (en) * | 2022-11-17 | 2022-12-20 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心高速空气动力研究所 | Steady-state pressure and dynamic data phase synchronization parallel acquisition and preprocessing system |
| CN115508040A (en) * | 2022-11-17 | 2022-12-23 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心高速空气动力研究所 | Synchronous parallel acquisition system for data of speed field and temperature field and application method |
| CN115493801B (en) * | 2022-11-17 | 2023-02-28 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心高速空气动力研究所 | Steady-state pressure and dynamic data phase synchronization parallel acquisition and preprocessing system |
| CN115508040B (en) * | 2022-11-17 | 2023-03-10 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心高速空气动力研究所 | Synchronous parallel acquisition system for data of speed field and temperature field and application method |
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