CN115076592A - BOG control system and control method for liquid hydrogen storage tank and liquid hydrogen storage tank - Google Patents
BOG control system and control method for liquid hydrogen storage tank and liquid hydrogen storage tank Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115076592A CN115076592A CN202210611357.8A CN202210611357A CN115076592A CN 115076592 A CN115076592 A CN 115076592A CN 202210611357 A CN202210611357 A CN 202210611357A CN 115076592 A CN115076592 A CN 115076592A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- liquid hydrogen
- hydrogen storage
- storage tank
- tank
- liquid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 304
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 281
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 281
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 274
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 237
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013526 supercooled liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
- F17C1/12—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge with provision for thermal insulation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/002—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels for vessels under pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
- F17C13/025—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment having the pressure as the parameter
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
- F17C13/026—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment having the temperature as the parameter
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/04—Arrangement or mounting of valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D16/00—Devices using a combination of a cooling mode associated with refrigerating machinery with a cooling mode not associated with refrigerating machinery
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/05—Size
- F17C2201/052—Size large (>1000 m3)
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
- F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
- F17C2203/0337—Granular
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
- F17C2203/0391—Thermal insulations by vacuum
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
- F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
- F17C2203/0626—Multiple walls
- F17C2203/0629—Two walls
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
- F17C2203/0636—Metals
- F17C2203/0639—Steels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
- F17C2203/0636—Metals
- F17C2203/0639—Steels
- F17C2203/0643—Stainless steels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
- F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
- F17C2250/0408—Level of content in the vessel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
- F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
- F17C2250/043—Pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
- F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
- F17C2250/0439—Temperature
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/06—Controlling or regulating of parameters as output values
- F17C2250/0605—Parameters
- F17C2250/0626—Pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/06—Controlling or regulating of parameters as output values
- F17C2250/0605—Parameters
- F17C2250/0631—Temperature
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/07—Actions triggered by measured parameters
- F17C2250/072—Action when predefined value is reached
Abstract
The invention discloses a BOG control system of a liquid hydrogen storage tank, which comprises: the system comprises a liquid hydrogen storage system, a refrigeration subsystem II, a data monitoring and control subsystem and a safety management system. The liquid hydrogen storage system is used for storing liquid hydrogen, and the refrigeration subsystem is used for generating and conveying cold energy to the liquid hydrogen storage system and taking away waste heat inside the liquid hydrogen storage system to realize a refrigeration process inside the liquid hydrogen storage tank; the data monitoring and controlling subsystem is used for monitoring pressure, temperature, liquid level and other data in the liquid hydrogen storage system and actively controlling the refrigeration process of the liquid hydrogen in the tank; and the safety management system IV is used for processing hydrogen generated in the liquid hydrogen storage system under the accident condition. The refrigeration subsystem in the invention is an integrated helium refrigeration subsystem. The invention solves the problem of large-scale long-period ground lossless storage of liquid hydrogen.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of low-temperature propellant storage, in particular to a BOG control system and a BOG control method for a liquid hydrogen storage tank and the liquid hydrogen storage tank.
Background
Liquid hydrogen has been widely used in aerospace and military fields as a propellant for high thrust rocket engines. With the increase of the demand of the liquid hydrogen propellant, the existing ground storage equipment cannot meet the use requirement. Because the boiling point of liquid hydrogen is extremely low (20K, K is Kelvin is a thermodynamic temperature unit) under normal pressure, when the traditional storage technology is adopted, the evaporation and dissipation of the liquid hydrogen bring huge economic loss and potential safety hazard, and meanwhile, in order to meet the requirement of high efficiency and light weight of the on-orbit operation liquid hydrogen storage tank, a supercooled liquid hydrogen propellant needs to be filled into the on-orbit storage tank, so that the on-orbit lossless storage is realized, and the energy density of the propellant is improved. These all place demands on the surface liquid hydrogen storage technology.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a BOG control system of a liquid hydrogen storage tank, which adopts an active refrigeration technology to carry out cold treatment on liquid hydrogen, and solves the problem of large-scale long-period ground lossless storage of the liquid hydrogen.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme that:
a liquid hydrogen storage tank BOG control system, comprising: a liquid hydrogen storage tank and a refrigeration subsystem;
the liquid hydrogen storage tank is used for storing liquid hydrogen; the refrigeration subsystem is used for generating and conveying cold energy to the liquid hydrogen storage tank to realize internal refrigeration of the liquid hydrogen storage tank.
Preferably, the liquid hydrogen storage tank is provided with a passive heat insulation system for insulating the liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank from the outside.
Preferably, the liquid hydrogen storage tank comprises an inner tank and an outer tank, and the inner tank and the outer tank are supported by a support column; hollow glass microspheres are filled in an inner tank interlayer and an outer tank interlayer of the liquid hydrogen storage tank, and the inner tank interlayer and the outer tank interlayer are in a vacuum state; the hollow glass microspheres in the interlayer of the inner tank and the outer tank of the liquid hydrogen storage tank and the vacuum state form a passive heat insulation system of the liquid hydrogen storage tank.
Preferably, a support piece is arranged in the liquid hydrogen storage tank, and the upper end part and the lower end part of the support piece are both connected with the inner wall of the liquid hydrogen storage tank; a plurality of volute type heat exchange tube bundles are distributed on the supporting piece along the length direction of the supporting piece;
the air inlet of the volute type heat exchange tube bundle is connected with the output port of the refrigeration subsystem through an air inlet pipe; the air outlet of the volute type heat exchange tube bundle is connected with the input port of the refrigeration subsystem through an air outlet pipe; the refrigeration subsystem is used for generating cold energy, conveying the cold energy to the volute type heat exchange tube bundle through the air inlet pipe, and bringing back waste heat in the volute type heat exchange tube bundle through the air outlet pipe; and the volute type heat exchange tube bundle exchanges the energy of the cold energy generated by the refrigeration subsystem and the liquid hydrogen stored in the liquid hydrogen storage tank.
Preferably, the refrigeration subsystem conveys cold energy to the liquid hydrogen storage tank through an air inlet pipe, and meanwhile, the refrigeration subsystem brings back internal waste heat of the liquid hydrogen storage tank through an air outlet pipe; and the air inlet pipe is sequentially provided with a switch valve, a mass flow meter and a flow regulating valve along the medium transmission direction.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: a data monitoring and control subsystem; the data monitoring and controlling subsystem is used for monitoring state data in the liquid hydrogen storage tank;
the data monitoring and control subsystem includes: the device comprises a pressure sensor, a liquid level meter and a plurality of temperature sensors; the liquid level meter is positioned in the liquid hydrogen storage tank and used for measuring liquid hydrogen liquid level data in the liquid hydrogen storage tank; the temperature sensors are distributed at different liquid level heights in the liquid hydrogen storage tank and are used for measuring temperature data of different liquid levels in the liquid hydrogen storage tank; the pressure sensor is positioned in the gas phase space inside the liquid hydrogen storage tank and used for monitoring pressure data in the liquid hydrogen storage tank;
and the data monitoring and controlling subsystem is also used for controlling each valve in the BOG control system of the liquid hydrogen storage tank so as to control the internal refrigeration process of the liquid hydrogen storage tank.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: a security management system; the safety management system is used for processing hydrogen generated in the liquid hydrogen storage tank; the safety management system comprises a safety valve and an emptying system connected with the output end of the safety valve; the input end of the safety valve is communicated with the inside of the liquid hydrogen storage tank, if the state data in the liquid hydrogen storage tank exceeds the upper limit of the safety state, the safety valve is opened to exhaust, and the exhausted hydrogen enters an exhaust system.
Preferably, the system design method is as follows:
s11, determining the size specification of the inner tank of the liquid hydrogen storage tank according to the storage requirement of the liquid hydrogen storage tank;
s12, determining the maximum allowable total heat leakage quantity Qmax of the liquid hydrogen storage tank according to the maximum refrigerating capacity of the refrigerating subsystem:
wherein the maximum refrigerating capacity of the refrigerating subsystem is greater than the maximum allowable total heat leakage quantity Q of the liquid hydrogen storage tank max ：
S13, calculating the heat leakage quantity Q of the pipeline structure of the liquid hydrogen storage tank according to the pipeline structure and the supporting structure of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 3 Heat leakage quantity Q of liquid hydrogen storage tank supporting structure 2 ；
S14, calculating the maximum allowable heat leakage quantity Q of the passive heat insulation system 1max ，Q 1max ＝Q max -Q 3 -Q 2 ；
S15, maximum allowable heat leakage quantity Q according to passive heat insulation system 1max And determining the specification of the passive heat insulation system, and further determining the dimension specification of the outer tank of the liquid hydrogen storage tank.
The invention also provides a BOG control method of the liquid hydrogen storage tank, which is used for carrying out supercooling treatment on the liquid hydrogen, realizing the densification of the liquid hydrogen and meeting the requirement of high energy efficiency of the on-orbit liquid hydrogen storage tank.
A BOG control method of a liquid hydrogen storage tank comprises the following specific processes:
s21, filling liquid hydrogen into the liquid hydrogen storage tank, measuring the liquid level of the liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank by using a liquid level meter positioned in the liquid hydrogen storage tank until the liquid level height in the liquid hydrogen storage tank reaches 90%, and stopping filling the liquid hydrogen;
s22, starting the refrigeration subsystem, and generating cold quantity by the refrigeration subsystem;
s23, measuring the temperature of different liquid levels in the liquid hydrogen storage tank by using a plurality of temperature sensors distributed at different liquid level heights in the liquid hydrogen storage tank; meanwhile, a switch valve on the air inlet pipe is opened, the cold energy generated by the refrigeration subsystem is conveyed to the liquid hydrogen storage tank through the air inlet pipe, and meanwhile, the internal waste heat of the liquid hydrogen storage tank is brought back through the air outlet pipe;
s24, adjusting the opening of a flow adjusting valve on the air inlet pipe according to the temperature data to maintain the balance between the heat leakage quantity of the liquid hydrogen storage tank and the refrigerating quantity input to the liquid hydrogen storage tank by the refrigerating subsystem;
and S25, measuring the pressure in the liquid hydrogen storage tank by using a pressure sensor positioned in the gas phase space inside the liquid hydrogen storage tank, and if the pressure in the liquid hydrogen storage tank reaches the upper limit of the safety pressure, opening a safety valve on the liquid hydrogen storage tank to discharge the hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank.
The invention also provides a liquid hydrogen storage tank, which is used for solving the problem of ground liquid hydrogen storage, and the liquid hydrogen storage tank can realize passive heat insulation of liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank and active refrigeration of the liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank.
A liquid hydrogen storage tank comprises an inner tank and an outer tank, wherein the inner tank and the outer tank are supported by a support;
hollow glass microspheres are filled in an inner tank interlayer and an outer tank interlayer of the liquid hydrogen storage tank, and the inner tank interlayer and the outer tank interlayer are in a vacuum state; a supporting piece is arranged in the inner tank, and the upper end part and the lower end part of the supporting piece are connected with the inner wall of the inner tank; and a plurality of volute type heat exchange tube bundles are distributed on the supporting piece along the length direction of the supporting piece.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) according to the invention, the liquid hydrogen is recooled by the refrigeration subsystem, so that the liquid hydrogen is densified, and the requirement of high efficiency of on-orbit storage tank propellant storage is met.
(2) The invention combines the active control technology and the passive heat insulation method to control the BOG of the large-scale liquid hydrogen storage tank, realizes the long-period nondestructive storage of the large-capacity liquid hydrogen and lays a foundation for the large-scale use of the liquid hydrogen. .
(3) The invention adopts a vacuum and hollow glass microsphere heat insulation mode, and the heat insulation mode has lower heat conductivity and smaller heat leakage. When the vacuum of the interlayer is lost, compared with the traditional heat insulation form, the heat insulation form of 'vacuum + glass microspheres' can enable the cold quantity in the liquid hydrogen storage tank to be maintained for a longer time, and the BOG loss under the accident working condition is reduced.
(4) According to the invention, the spiral case type heat exchange tube bundles are adopted to realize the cold quantity transmission of the refrigeration subsystem to the liquid hydrogen storage tank, and the plurality of spiral case type heat exchange tube bundles are distributed in different liquid level height directions, so that the temperature distribution of the liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank is uniform, and the liquid hydrogen in the tank is prevented from rolling. Meanwhile, the volute type heat exchange tube bundle is convenient to install and suitable for mass production and use.
(5) The data monitoring and controlling subsystem can realize real-time monitoring of state data in the liquid hydrogen storage tank and control of each valve in the control system, thereby realizing control of the internal refrigeration process of the liquid hydrogen storage tank.
(6) The safety management system can discharge hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank under the condition that the refrigeration subsystem breaks down, the discharged hydrogen enters the evacuation system and is safely discharged into the atmosphere after being processed, and the safety management system can guarantee the safe operation of the whole device during the shutdown maintenance of the refrigeration subsystem.
(7) The refrigerating capacity generated by the refrigerating subsystem is larger than the total heat leakage quantity of the liquid hydrogen storage tank, and the balance between the heat leakage quantity of the liquid hydrogen storage tank and the refrigerating capacity input by the refrigerating subsystem can be maintained.
(8) The invention can control BOG of the liquid hydrogen storage tank, and realizes large-scale long-period lossless liquid hydrogen storage by adjusting balance between heat leakage quantity of the liquid hydrogen storage tank and the refrigeration subsystem. When the refrigeration system fails and cannot ensure that the liquid hydrogen storage tank leaks the required cooling capacity supply, the passive heat insulation system has superior performance, the BOG amount generated under the failure working condition is controllable, and the loss of the liquid hydrogen storage amount can be controlled during the shutdown maintenance of the refrigeration system. In addition, the system is provided with a safety management system, the BOG amount generated by the liquid hydrogen storage tank under the accident working condition can be processed, the safe operation of the whole system is ensured, and the requirement of large-scale liquid hydrogen ground lossless storage is met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the BOG control system of the large liquid hydrogen storage tank of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a spiral-shell heat pipe bundle module according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a spiral casing heat pipe bundle module according to the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
i-a liquid hydrogen storage system; II-a refrigeration subsystem; III-data monitoring and control subsystem; IV-safety management system;
1-a liquid hydrogen storage tank; 2-passive thermal insulation system; 3-a pressure sensor; 4-a liquid level meter; 5-volute heat exchange system; 6-a support member; 7-an air inlet pipe; 8-air outlet pipe; 9-a flow regulating valve; 10-mass flow meter; 11-a switch valve; 12-a refrigeration subsystem; 13-a safety valve; 14-an evacuation system; 15-air inlet; 16-an air outlet; 17-a cooling device; T1-T10-temperature sensor.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the present invention, BOG is expressed as boil off gas.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 3, a BOG control system for a liquid hydrogen storage tank according to the present invention includes: the system comprises a liquid hydrogen storage system I, a refrigeration subsystem II, a data monitoring and control subsystem III and a safety management system IV. The liquid hydrogen storage system I is used for storing liquid hydrogen, and the refrigeration subsystem II is used for generating and conveying cold energy to the liquid hydrogen storage system I and taking away waste heat in the liquid hydrogen storage system I to realize a refrigeration process in the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1; the data monitoring and controlling subsystem III is used for monitoring pressure, temperature, liquid level and other data in the liquid hydrogen storage system I and actively controlling the refrigeration process of the liquid hydrogen in the tank; and the safety management system IV is used for processing hydrogen generated in the liquid hydrogen storage system I under the accident condition. The refrigeration subsystem II in the invention is an integrated helium refrigeration subsystem.
As shown in fig. 1, a liquid hydrogen storage system i includes a liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 and a passive thermal insulation system 2. The liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 comprises an inner tank and an outer tank, wherein the inner tank and the outer tank are supported by a support column, the design pressure of the inner tank is 0.8MPa (A), and the design temperature is 15K. The inner tank is made of austenitic stainless steel material, the outer tank is made of low-temperature carbon steel material, and the inner tank is provided with a support piece 6. The support piece 6 is formed by welding austenitic stainless steel sectional materials, the upper end part and the lower end part are connected with the inner tank, a plurality of tray structures are distributed in the height direction according to the number of the heat exchange modules 6, and the volute type capillary heat exchange tube bundle module is connected to the tray structures. Hollow glass microspheres are filled in an inner tank interlayer and an outer tank interlayer of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1, and the inner tank interlayer and the outer tank interlayer are in a vacuum state; the hollow glass microspheres in the interlayer of the inner tank and the outer tank of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 and the hollow glass microspheres in the interlayer of the inner tank and the outer tank form a passive heat insulation system 2 of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 in a vacuum state. The passive heat insulation system 2 is positioned in the interlayer of the spherical tank and is in a form of vacuum and hollow glass microspheres, the vacuum degree in the interlayer is kept at 0.1MPa, the hollow glass microspheres are filled in the interlayer, the average diameter of the selected glass microspheres is 65um, and the stacking density is 80kg/m 3 . The liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 is a double-layer spherical container and comprises an inner ball and an outer ball.
As shown in fig. 1, the refrigeration subsystem ii includes a refrigeration unit 12, a volute type heat exchange system 5, a cooling device 17, a flow regulating valve 9, a mass flow meter 10, and a switching valve 11. The refrigerating unit 12 is used for generating cold, delivering the cold to the volute type heat exchange system 5 through the air inlet pipe 7, and bringing back waste heat in the volute type heat exchange system 5 through the air outlet pipe 8. The volute type heat exchange system 5 exchanges energy between the cold energy generated by the refrigerating unit 12 and the liquid hydrogen stored in the liquid hydrogen storage system I. The refrigeration unit 12 dissipates heat through the cooling device 17. The mass flow meter 10 and the flow regulating valve 9 cooperate to control the refrigerating capacity of the refrigerating subsystem. The refrigerating unit 12 in the invention is an integrated helium refrigerating unit, and specifically adopts an inverted brayton cycle helium refrigerator.
As shown in fig. 2, the spiral case type heat exchange system 5 of the present invention is composed of a plurality of spiral case type heat exchange tube bundles shown in fig. 2, wherein an air inlet 15 of each spiral case type heat exchange tube bundle is connected with an air inlet pipe 7, and an air outlet 16 of each spiral case type heat exchange tube bundle is connected with an air outlet pipe 8. The volute type heat exchange tube bundle is made of austenitic stainless steel and is integrally immersed in a liquid phase space in the liquid hydrogen storage system I. The air inlet pipe 7 is connected with the refrigeration subsystem II, the refrigeration subsystem II conveys cold energy to the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 through the air inlet pipe 7, and the air inlet pipe 7 is sequentially provided with a switch valve 11, a mass flow meter 10 and a flow regulating valve 9 along the medium transmission direction. The mass flow meter 10 is used for monitoring the flow rate of helium; the flow regulating valve 9 cooperates with the mass flow meter 10 to regulate the flow of helium gas.
As shown in FIG. 1, the data monitoring and control subsystem III includes a liquid level meter 4, a plurality of temperature sensors T1-T10, and a pressure sensor 3. The liquid level meter 4 is positioned inside the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 and used for measuring the liquid level height of liquid hydrogen in the spherical tank; the temperature sensors T1-T10 are distributed at different liquid level heights inside the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 and used for measuring the temperatures at different liquid levels; the pressure sensor 3 is positioned in the gas phase space inside the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 and is used for monitoring the pressure in the liquid hydrogen storage tank. And the data measured by the mass flow meter 10 in the refrigeration subsystem II returns to the data monitoring and control subsystem III. And the data monitoring and controlling subsystem III controls the input cold quantity of the volute type heat exchange system 5 through a flow regulating valve 9 and a switch valve 11 of the refrigerating subsystem II according to the monitored data.
As shown in fig. 1, the safety management system iv includes a safety valve 13 and an evacuation system 14 installed in the internal tank of the liquid hydrogen tank 1, and when the pressure in the liquid hydrogen tank 1 exceeds the upper limit of the safety pressure, the safety valve 13 is opened to perform evacuation. The exhausted hydrogen enters an evacuation system 14 and is treated to safely enter the atmosphere.
In the invention, the refrigerating capacity generated by the refrigerating subsystem II is larger than the total heat leakage quantity of the liquid hydrogen storage system I.
The invention can control BOG of the large-scale liquid hydrogen storage tank, and realizes large-scale long-period lossless liquid hydrogen storage by adjusting the balance between the heat leakage quantity of the liquid hydrogen storage system I and the refrigeration subsystem II. When the refrigerating subsystem II breaks down and cannot ensure the cooling capacity supply required by the liquid hydrogen storage system I, the passive heat insulation system 2 has excellent performance, the BOG amount generated under the failure working condition is controllable, and the loss of the liquid hydrogen storage amount can be controlled during the shutdown maintenance of the refrigerating subsystem II. In addition, the system is provided with a safety management system IV, the BOG amount generated by the liquid hydrogen storage system I under the accident condition can be processed, the safe operation of the whole system is guaranteed, and the requirement of large-scale liquid hydrogen ground lossless storage is met.
Example 2
The invention discloses a design method of a BOG control system of a liquid hydrogen storage tank, which comprises the following specific steps:
s11, determining the size specification of the inner tank of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 according to the design conditions of the liquid hydrogen storage tank;
s12, determining the maximum allowable total heat leakage quantity Qmax of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 according to the maximum refrigerating capacity of the refrigerating subsystem II: wherein the maximum refrigerating capacity of the refrigerating subsystem II is larger than the maximum allowable total heat leakage quantity Q of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 max ：
S13, calculating the heat leakage quantity Q of the pipeline structure of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 according to the pipeline structure and the supporting structure of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 3 Heat leakage quantity Q of 1 supporting structure of liquid hydrogen storage tank 2 ；
S14, determining the maximum allowable heat leakage quantity Q of the passive heat insulation system 2 in the liquid hydrogen storage system I 1max ，Q 1max ＝Q max -Q 3 -Q 2 ；
And S15, determining the specification of the passive heat insulation system 2 according to the maximum allowable heat leakage quantity of the passive heat insulation system 2, and further determining the size specification of the outer tank of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1.
In the invention, the design of the BOG control system of the liquid hydrogen storage tank is as follows:
the internal volume of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 is 2000m3, the design pressure is 0.8MPa (A), the design temperature is 15K, the filling medium is liquid hydrogen, an inner-outer double-layer spherical shell structure is adopted, and the diameter of the inner tank is 15.7 m. The passive heat insulation system 2 is positioned in the interlayer of the spherical tank and is in a form of vacuum and hollow glass microspheres, and the vacuum degree in the interlayer is kept at 0.1MPa, filling hollow glass microspheres in the interlayer, wherein the average diameter of the selected glass microspheres is 65um, and the bulk density is 80kg/m 3 。
The total refrigerating capacity of the selected counter-Brayton cycle helium refrigerator at 20K is not less than 880W.
The medium liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 is a double-layer spherical container and comprises an inner ball, namely an inner tank, and an outer ball, namely an outer tank, wherein the total heat leakage quantity of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 is calculated according to the following formula:
Q＝Q 1 +Q 2 +Q 3
wherein Q is the total heat leakage quantity of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1, and Q 1 For heat leakage of the passive thermal insulation system 2, Q 2 Heat leakage amount, Q, for the supporting structure of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 3 The heat leakage quantity of the pipeline structure of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 is shown.
The heat leakage of the passive thermal insulation system 2 is mainly composed of three parts, namely solid heat conduction, residual gas heat conduction and heat radiation, and the proportionality coefficient between heat flow and temperature gradient is generally characterized by apparent heat conduction coefficient. When the interlayer vacuum degree of the passive heat insulation system 2 is 0.1MPa, the part of heat leakage quantity is the heat leakage quantity Q of the passive heat insulation system 2 1 The calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula: r is 1 Represents the inner sphere radius; r is 0 The apparent thermal conductivity λ of the passive thermal insulation system 2 is 0.68 × 10, which represents the outer spherical radius -3 W/m·K；T 1 Represents the outer sphere wall temperature; t is 0 Indicating the inner sphere wall temperature.
The heat bridge is formed by the support between the inner ball and the outer ball, so that the cold insulation support mode is adopted, the heat leakage quantity of the support structure is reduced, and the part of the heat leakage quantity is the heat leakage quantity Q of the support structure of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 2 The calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula: n is the number of the struts; lambda [ alpha ] 1 Is the thermal conductivity of the strut material; a. the 1 Is the cross section of the strut; l is 1 Is the length of the strut; lambda [ alpha ] 2 Thermal conductivity of the thermal insulation material; a. the 2 The sectional area of the heat insulation material; l is 2 Is the length of the heat insulating material; t is 1 Represents the outer sphere wall temperature; t is 0 The inner sphere wall temperature is indicated.
The inner ball is provided with a liquid filling port, a liquid discharging port, a liquid level meter port, an overflow port, a safe discharge port, an analysis port and a purging port, all connecting pipes are communicated with the outer ball to form a thermal bridge between the inner ball and the outer ball, and the part of heat leakage is the heat leakage Q of the pipeline structure of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 3 The calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula: lambda [ alpha ] n The heat conductivity coefficient of the material of the connecting pipe; a. the n The sectional area of the connecting pipe; l is n The length of the connecting pipe; t is 1 Represents the outer sphere wall temperature; t is 0 Represents the inner sphere wall temperature;
indicating the single adapter heat leakage;
the sum of the heat leakage of each connecting pipe is shown.
The pillar heat loss Q was calculated assuming a passive insulation system 2 interlayer spacing of 0.8m 2 185W heat loss Q of nozzle 3 20W, inner sphere radius r 1 7.85m, outer sphere radius r 0 8.65m, the passive thermal insulation system 2 leaks heat Q 3 ＝198W。
The total heat leakage quantity Q of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 is 403W, which is smaller than the refrigerating quantity generated by the refrigerating subsystem II, and the design of the passive heat insulation system 2 meets the use requirement.
Example 3
The invention discloses a control method of a BOG control system of a liquid hydrogen storage tank, which comprises the following specific steps:
s21, filling liquid hydrogen into the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 of the liquid hydrogen storage system I, and transmitting liquid level height information in the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 to the data monitoring and control subsystem III through the liquid level meter 4 until the liquid level height of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 reaches 90% as shown by the data monitoring and control subsystem III;
s22, starting the refrigerating unit 12 and the cooling device 17 in the refrigerating subsystem II;
s23, transmitting liquid hydrogen temperature information to a data monitoring and controlling subsystem III by a temperature sensor T1-T10 of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1, simultaneously opening a switch valve 11, conveying cold generated by a refrigerating subsystem II to the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 through an air inlet pipe 7, and simultaneously bringing back the waste heat in the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 through an air outlet pipe 8;
s24, adjusting the flow regulating valve 9 according to the liquid hydrogen temperature information to maintain the balance between the heat leakage quantity of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 and the refrigerating quantity input into the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 by the refrigerating subsystem II;
and S25, measuring the pressure in the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 by using the pressure sensor 3 positioned in the gas phase space in the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1, and if the pressure in the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 reaches the upper limit of the safety pressure, opening a safety valve on the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 to discharge the hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1. For example, when the refrigeration subsystem II fails, the internal pressure of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 reaches the upper safety pressure limit. The upper limit of the safe pressure in the invention is 0.8 MPa.
The invention is not to be considered as limited to the specific embodiments shown and described, but is to be understood to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A BOG control system for a liquid hydrogen storage tank, comprising: a liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) and a refrigeration subsystem (II);
the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) is used for storing liquid hydrogen; and the refrigeration subsystem (II) is used for generating and conveying cold energy to the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) to realize internal refrigeration of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1).
2. The BOG control system of the liquid hydrogen storage tank as claimed in claim 1, wherein the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) is provided with a passive heat insulation system (2) for insulating the liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) from the outside.
3. The BOG control system of the liquid hydrogen storage tank as claimed in claim 2, wherein the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) comprises an inner tank and an outer tank, and the inner tank and the outer tank are supported by a support column; hollow glass microspheres are filled in an inner tank interlayer and an outer tank interlayer of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1), and the inner tank interlayer and the outer tank interlayer are in a vacuum state; the hollow glass microspheres in the interlayer of the inner tank and the outer tank of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) and the hollow glass microspheres in the interlayer of the inner tank and the outer tank form a passive heat insulation system (2) of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) in a vacuum state.
4. The BOG control system of the liquid hydrogen storage tank according to claim 1, wherein a support member (6) is arranged in the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1), and the upper end and the lower end of the support member (6) are connected with the inner wall of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1); a plurality of volute type heat exchange tube bundles are distributed on the supporting piece (6) along the length direction of the supporting piece;
an air inlet (15) of the volute type heat exchange tube bundle is connected with an output port of the refrigeration subsystem (II) through an air inlet pipe (7); an air outlet (16) of the volute type heat exchange tube bundle is connected with an input port of the refrigeration subsystem (II) through an air outlet pipe (8); the refrigeration subsystem (II) is used for generating cold energy, conveying the cold energy to the volute type heat exchange tube bundle through the air inlet pipe (7), and bringing back waste heat in the volute type heat exchange tube bundle through the air outlet pipe (8); and the volute type heat exchange tube bundle exchanges the energy of the cold energy generated by the refrigeration subsystem (II) and the liquid hydrogen stored in the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1).
5. The BOG control system of the liquid hydrogen storage tank as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the refrigeration subsystem (II) delivers refrigeration to the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) through an air inlet pipe (7), and brings back internal waste heat of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) through an air outlet pipe (8); and the air inlet pipe (7) is sequentially provided with a switch valve (11), a mass flow meter (10) and a flow regulating valve (9) along the medium transmission direction.
6. The BOG control system for the liquid hydrogen storage tank as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising: a data monitoring and control subsystem (III); the data monitoring and controlling subsystem (III) is used for monitoring state data in the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1);
the data monitoring and control subsystem (III) comprises: the liquid level meter comprises a pressure sensor (3), a liquid level meter (4) and a plurality of temperature sensors; the liquid level meter (4) is positioned inside the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) and is used for measuring liquid hydrogen liquid level data in the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1); the temperature sensors are distributed at different liquid level heights inside the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) and are used for measuring temperature data of different liquid levels inside the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1); the pressure sensor (3) is positioned in a gas phase space inside the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) and is used for monitoring pressure data inside the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1);
and the data monitoring and controlling subsystem (III) is also used for controlling each valve in the BOG control system of the liquid hydrogen storage tank so as to control the internal refrigeration process of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1).
7. The BOG control system for the liquid hydrogen storage tank as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising: a safety management system (IV); the safety management system (IV) is used for treating hydrogen generated in the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1); the safety management system (IV) comprises a safety valve (13) and an emptying system (14) connected with the output end of the safety valve (13); the input end of the safety valve (13) is communicated with the interior of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1), if the state data in the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) exceeds the upper limit of the safety state, the safety valve (13) is opened to exhaust, and the exhausted hydrogen enters an exhaust system (14).
8. The BOG control system for the liquid hydrogen storage tank of claim 3, wherein the design method of the system is as follows:
s11, determining the size specification of the inner tank of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) according to the storage requirement of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1);
s12, determining the maximum allowable total heat leakage quantity Qmax of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) according to the maximum refrigerating capacity of the refrigerating subsystem (II):
wherein the maximum refrigerating capacity of the refrigerating subsystem (II) is larger than the maximum allowable total heat leakage quantity Q of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) max ：
S13, calculating the heat leakage quantity Q of the pipeline structure of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) according to the pipeline structure and the supporting structure of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) 3 Heat leakage quantity Q of liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) supporting structure 2 ；
S14, calculating the maximum allowable heat leakage quantity Q of the passive heat insulation system (2) 1max ，Q 1max ＝Q max -Q 3 -Q 2 ；
S15, maximum allowable heat leakage quantity Q according to the passive heat insulation system (2) 1max And determining the specification of the passive heat insulation system (2) and further determining the external tank size specification of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1).
9. A control method for the BOG control system of the liquid hydrogen storage tank as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by comprising the following specific processes:
s21, filling liquid hydrogen into the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1), measuring the liquid level of the liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) by using a liquid level meter (4) positioned in the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) until the liquid level in the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) reaches 90%, and stopping filling the liquid hydrogen;
s22, starting the refrigeration subsystem (II) to generate cold;
s23, measuring the temperatures of different liquid levels in the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) by using a plurality of temperature sensors distributed at different liquid level heights in the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1); meanwhile, a switch valve on the air inlet pipe (7) is opened, the cold energy generated by the refrigeration subsystem (II) is conveyed to the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) through the air inlet pipe (7), and meanwhile, the cold energy is brought back to the internal waste heat of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) through the air outlet pipe (8);
s24, adjusting the opening degree of a flow adjusting valve (9) on the air inlet pipe (7) according to the temperature data to maintain the balance between the heat leakage quantity of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) and the refrigerating quantity input into the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) by the refrigerating subsystem (II);
and S25, measuring the pressure in the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) by using the pressure sensor (3) positioned in the gas phase space inside the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1), and if the pressure in the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) reaches the upper limit of the safety pressure, opening a safety valve on the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) to discharge the hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1).
10. The liquid hydrogen storage tank is characterized in that the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) comprises an inner tank and an outer tank, and the inner tank and the outer tank are supported by a support;
hollow glass microspheres are filled in an inner tank interlayer and an outer tank interlayer of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1), and the inner tank interlayer and the outer tank interlayer are in a vacuum state; a supporting piece (6) is arranged in the inner tank, and the upper end part and the lower end part of the supporting piece (6) are connected with the inner wall of the inner tank; and a plurality of volute type heat exchange tube bundles are distributed on the supporting piece (6) along the length direction of the supporting piece.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210611357.8A CN115076592B (en) | 2022-05-31 | BOG control system and method for liquid hydrogen storage tank and liquid hydrogen storage tank |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210611357.8A CN115076592B (en) | 2022-05-31 | BOG control system and method for liquid hydrogen storage tank and liquid hydrogen storage tank |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115076592A true CN115076592A (en) | 2022-09-20 |
| CN115076592B CN115076592B (en) | 2024-04-26 |
Family
ID=
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115264378A (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2022-11-01 | 合肥通用机械研究院有限公司 | Liquid hydrogen energy island for full treatment of flash evaporation gas of liquid hydrogen storage tank and operation method |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6405540B1 (en) * | 1998-10-23 | 2002-06-18 | Gaz Transport Et Technigaz | Process and system for preventing the evaporation of a liquefied gas |
| KR101075195B1 (en) * | 2011-05-04 | 2011-10-19 | 정우이앤이 주식회사 | Reservoir tank including heat exchanger and liquefied natural gas fuel supplying system including the reservoir tank |
| EP3517869A1 (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2019-07-31 | Gas Technology Development Pte Ltd | Process and system for reliquefying boil-off gas (bog) |
| KR20200012073A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2020-02-05 | 대우조선해양 주식회사 | Boil-Off Gas Proceeding System for Liquefied Hydrogen Carrier |
| CN112097093A (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2020-12-18 | 中船重工鹏力（南京）超低温技术有限公司 | Liquid hydrogen zero-emission storage system without extra energy consumption |
| CN112228769A (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2021-01-15 | 西安交通大学 | Liquid methane deep supercooling and filling system and method based on anti-freezing control |
| CN112728408A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-04-30 | 合肥通用机械研究院有限公司 | Liquid hydrogen storage and supply fault diagnosis test system and test method |
| CN112815297A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-05-18 | 亿利洁能科技（乐陵）有限公司 | Boiler fixed row continuous waste heat water recovery device |
| KR20210126800A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2021-10-21 | 주식회사 패리티 | Hydrogen liquefaction and bog control system |
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6405540B1 (en) * | 1998-10-23 | 2002-06-18 | Gaz Transport Et Technigaz | Process and system for preventing the evaporation of a liquefied gas |
| KR101075195B1 (en) * | 2011-05-04 | 2011-10-19 | 정우이앤이 주식회사 | Reservoir tank including heat exchanger and liquefied natural gas fuel supplying system including the reservoir tank |
| EP3517869A1 (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2019-07-31 | Gas Technology Development Pte Ltd | Process and system for reliquefying boil-off gas (bog) |
| KR20200012073A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2020-02-05 | 대우조선해양 주식회사 | Boil-Off Gas Proceeding System for Liquefied Hydrogen Carrier |
| KR20210126800A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2021-10-21 | 주식회사 패리티 | Hydrogen liquefaction and bog control system |
| CN112228769A (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2021-01-15 | 西安交通大学 | Liquid methane deep supercooling and filling system and method based on anti-freezing control |
| CN112097093A (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2020-12-18 | 中船重工鹏力（南京）超低温技术有限公司 | Liquid hydrogen zero-emission storage system without extra energy consumption |
| CN112728408A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-04-30 | 合肥通用机械研究院有限公司 | Liquid hydrogen storage and supply fault diagnosis test system and test method |
| CN112815297A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-05-18 | 亿利洁能科技（乐陵）有限公司 | Boiler fixed row continuous waste heat water recovery device |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 张新建;陈美全;姚佐权;: "大型LNG单容罐保冷结构设计及绝热验算", 化工设备与管道, no. 03, 15 June 2012 (2012-06-15) * |
| 徐永生;: "15m~3液氩储罐设计时应注意的几个问题", 石化技术, no. 03, pages 108 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115264378A (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2022-11-01 | 合肥通用机械研究院有限公司 | Liquid hydrogen energy island for full treatment of flash evaporation gas of liquid hydrogen storage tank and operation method |
| CN115264378B (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2024-01-26 | 合肥通用机械研究院有限公司 | Liquid hydrogen energy island for liquid hydrogen storage tank flash vapor full treatment and operation method |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN108644604B (en) | Low-temperature Dewar container and low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage system | |
| CN101619715B (en) | For the cryogenic liquid storage system of spacecraft | |
| CN103075906B (en) | High-pressure heat-storing/or cold-storing device | |
| US20080314050A1 (en) | No-vent liquid hydrogen storage and delivery system | |
| CN111578570A (en) | System for acquiring large supercooling degree of liquid oxygen by utilizing liquid hydrogen cooling capacity | |
| CN103075907B (en) | Packed bed type high pressure heat/cold storage device | |
| Fesmire et al. | Energy efficient large-scale storage of liquid hydrogen | |
| Garceau et al. | Development of a small-scale hydrogen liquefaction system | |
| CN115321477A (en) | Solid hydrogen storage container, rack and circulating hydrogen storage and release system | |
| JP3486661B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for generating inert gas | |
| CN107967012A (en) | The active control system and control method of cryogenic propellant " zero evaporation " storage | |
| CN115076592B (en) | BOG control system and method for liquid hydrogen storage tank and liquid hydrogen storage tank | |
| CN115076592A (en) | BOG control system and control method for liquid hydrogen storage tank and liquid hydrogen storage tank | |
| CN212390100U (en) | Liquefied gas gasification cold energy recovery device and system | |
| Fesmire et al. | Energy efficient large-scale storage of liquid hydrogen | |
| AU2023201697B1 (en) | Active cryogenic insulation type inner-floating-roof spherical liquid hydrogen/liquid nitrogen storage tank | |
| KR102379650B1 (en) | Ambient type high-pressure hydrogen vaporizer and hydrogen charging apparatus using the same | |
| CN114624286A (en) | High-safety liquid hydrogen storage tank testing system and method capable of saving liquid hydrogen consumption | |
| CN115370956A (en) | Liquid hydrogen storage tank | |
| Baik et al. | Initial test results of laboratory scale hydrogen liquefaction and densification system | |
| Jacobson et al. | Energy Efficient Large-Scale Storage of Liquid Hydrogen | |
| CN220205395U (en) | Tank device for chlorine trifluoride filling and gas supply equipment | |
| CN218762676U (en) | Cold shield device for ultralow-temperature liquid storage container | |
| CN211147075U (en) | Cold volume recovery unit of adiabatic storage tank blowdown | |
| RU2809671C2 (en) | Thermostating system for cryogenic fuel components of an encapsulated silo-based rocket |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |