CN115075844A - Underground excavation hole-entering supporting structure and supporting method thereof - Google Patents
Underground excavation hole-entering supporting structure and supporting method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115075844A CN115075844A CN202210501059.3A CN202210501059A CN115075844A CN 115075844 A CN115075844 A CN 115075844A CN 202210501059 A CN202210501059 A CN 202210501059A CN 115075844 A CN115075844 A CN 115075844A
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- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000003127 knee Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001483 mobilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
- E21D11/107—Reinforcing elements therefor; Holders for the reinforcing elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/02—Setting anchoring-bolts with provisions for grouting
- E21D20/028—Devices or accesories for injecting a grouting liquid in a bore-hole
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0093—Accessories
Abstract
The invention discloses a supporting structure for underground excavation and cave entry and a supporting method thereof, which relate to the field of tunnel construction, wherein the structure comprises a plurality of rigid protection frames, a connecting piece positioned between two adjacent rigid protection frames and a concrete pouring layer; the rigidity protects the frame and includes a plurality of arch branch, and the bottom of arch branch sets up the ground connection stock, is provided with the holder that links into an integrated entity with a plurality of arch branch between a plurality of arch branch, all wears to be equipped with on the holder to insert the wall stock that connects of country rock. This application has also made the rigidity protect the whole and be connected with the country rock through connecing wall stock and holder connection to avoid connecing the wall stock directly to be connected with arch branch and produce stress concentration's phenomenon when for supporting construction is bearing the pressure that the country rock warp, self gravity is the pulling force of country rock to supporting construction in addition, has disperseed the concentrated condition of supporting construction self atress on the whole, has reduced the risk that supporting construction deformation collapses, thereby has improved the security of undercut construction.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of tunnel construction, in particular to a subsurface excavation hole-entering supporting structure and a supporting method thereof.
Background
The underground excavation method is a method of excavating a hole underground without excavating the ground, and is suitable for places in cities where open excavation cannot be adopted for construction. When the tunnel is excavated by the underground excavation method, in order to avoid the phenomenon that the self-bearing capacity of surrounding rocks around the tunnel is reduced and collapse occurs in the construction process, a plurality of supporting structures are required to be installed along the excavation process. Thereby supporting structure supports tightly with the surrounding rock around the tunnel and is connected and consolidate the surrounding rock, and the tunnel just needs in time to install supporting structure every excavation certain distance, and a plurality of supporting structure form the joint support system with the surrounding rock combined action when mobilizing the self-supporting ability of surrounding rock to effectively restrain the circumstances that the surrounding rock warp and collapses, in order to improve the security of undercut construction.
When the supporting structure is installed, the rigid protection frame is generally installed firstly, then the pouring mold is installed around the rigid protection frame, finally, concrete is injected and poured, the concrete fills the internal gap around the rigid protection frame to form the supporting structure, the concrete can improve the rigidity of the whole supporting structure and simultaneously reduce the gap between the rigid protection frame and surrounding rocks, so that the contact area between the supporting structure and the surrounding rocks is increased, and the supporting capacity of a combined supporting system is improved.
However, the supporting structure formed by the concrete resists the pressure generated by the deformation of the surrounding rock, and on the other hand, the stress of the supporting structure is too concentrated due to the gravity of the supporting structure, so that the risk of collapse due to too large stress is easily generated, and the hidden danger of safety is also caused to the underground excavation construction.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to disperse the stress concentration condition of the supporting structure and reduce the risk of deformation and collapse of the supporting structure, and therefore improve the safety of underground excavation construction, the application provides an underground excavation hole-entering supporting structure and a supporting method thereof.
In a first aspect, the application provides an undercut entry supporting construction adopts following technical scheme:
a supporting structure for underground excavation and hole entry comprises a plurality of rigid protective frames which are arranged at intervals along the length of a tunnel, a connecting piece which is positioned between two adjacent rigid protective frames and is used for connecting the two adjacent rigid protective frames, and a concrete pouring layer which is poured around the rigid protective frames and the connecting piece;
the rigidity protects the frame and includes the arch branch that a plurality of laid along tunnel length interval, arch branch is curved knee for the middle of vertical laying of both ends, the bottom of arch branch is provided with and is used for the ground connection stock be connected with ground, be provided with the holder that links into an integrated entity with a plurality of arch branch along the length direction interval of arch branch between a plurality of arch branch, it inserts the wall stock that connects of country rock all to wear to be equipped with on the holder at arch branch middle part, arch branch connects adjacent two and all offers the spread groove that is used for connecting the connecting piece between the wall stock.
By adopting the technical scheme, the pressure on the surrounding rock to the supporting structure is dispersed through the plurality of rigid protection frames and the connecting pieces, the plurality of arched supporting rods disperse the stress on the rigid protection frames, the plurality of arched supporting rods are connected into a whole by the clamping pieces, the integral structural strength of the rigid protection frames is enhanced, the wall-connecting anchor rod is connected with the clamping piece to avoid the phenomenon of stress concentration caused by the direct connection of the wall-connecting anchor rod and the arch-shaped supporting rod, the rigid protection frame is integrally connected with the surrounding rock, so that the surrounding rock applies pressure to the supporting structure and simultaneously generates tension force for preventing the supporting structure from being separated from the surrounding rock, so that the supporting structure bears the pressure of the deformation of the surrounding rock and the self gravity and simultaneously has the pulling force of the surrounding rock to the supporting structure, the condition that the stress of the supporting structure is concentrated is dispersed on the whole, the risk of deformation and collapse of the supporting structure is reduced, and therefore the safety of underground excavation construction is improved.
Preferably, the clamping piece comprises two clamping plates which are arranged oppositely, clamping grooves used for clamping the arch supporting rods are arranged in the two clamping plates at intervals along the arrangement direction of the plurality of arch supporting rods in the same rigid protection frame, the arch supporting rods are located between the two clamping plates, the clamping grooves in the two clamping plates are arranged oppositely and connected through bolts, and connecting through holes used for being connected with the grounding anchor rod are formed in the clamping plates between the two adjacent clamping grooves.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, all be located the centre gripping inslot of grip block when a plurality of arch branch is connected, thereby link into an organic whole a plurality of arch branch through two grip blocks of bolted connection, connect the through-hole and set up the position that does not set up the centre gripping inslot at the grip block, make the hookup location who connects wall stock and grip block stagger with the hookup location of grip block and arch branch, in order to avoid the grip block, arch branch and the phenomenon of connecing wall stock junction stress concentration, be connected through grip block and arch branch in addition, the grip block with connect the wall stock to be connected, connect the wall stock to have also realized being connected of whole rigidity fender bracket and country rock when inserting in the country rock, thereby improve the connection area and joint strength of rigidity fender bracket and country rock.
Preferably, connect the wall stock to include the drilling rod, drilling rod one end is provided with the drill bit, the coaxial control screw that is fixed with of the other end of drilling rod, threaded connection has control nut on the control screw, the one end that control screw connects the drilling rod slides and passes the connect the through-hole until the drilling rod rotates and insert in the country rock, control nut rotates and supports the grip block tightly, connect and set up a intercommunication drilling rod and control screw in the wall stock and be used for pouring into the filling passageway of concrete, set up the filling hole with filling the passageway intercommunication on the drilling rod periphery wall, the filling hole is arranged in the concrete that the guide got into in the filling passageway flows into in the drilling rod and the joint gap of country rock.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, connect the wall stock can pass through drill bit and drilling rod and bore into in the country rock with the surrounding rock contact, can link to each other with the holder through control screw and control nut, can fill the concrete in meeting wall stock and surrounding rock connecting gap through filling passageway and filling hole, thereby reduce the surrounding rock and connect the gap between the wall stock, strengthen the joint strength of surrounding rock and contact anchor, also improved the inside structural strength of surrounding rock when having reduced the risk that the contact anchor breaks away from the surrounding rock, thereby alleviate the degree of surrounding rock deformation.
Preferably, the filling channel is a channel arranged along the length direction of the control screw rod, one end of the filling channel is coaxially communicated with one end of the control screw rod, which is far away from the drill rod, and the other end of the filling channel is positioned inside the drill rod and close to the drill bit.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when filling the concrete between to the country rock and the wall stock, can follow the screw rod and deviate from the one end of drilling rod and inwards pour into concrete mud to in the injection of concrete mud, and fill the coaxial control screw rod and the drilling rod of wearing to establish of passageway, so that alleviate the influence of seting up the structural strength who meets the wall screw rod of filling the passageway.
Preferably, a cover plate used for preventing impurities from entering the filling channel is arranged at a position, close to the peripheral wall of the drill rod, of the filling hole in the drill rod, and a control piece used for controlling the cover plate to be opened and closed is arranged in the filling hole of the drill rod.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the drilling rod bored into the country rock, because the filling hole was seted up on the periphery wall of drilling rod, thereby can reduce the piece that the drilling rod bored out through the apron and get into the filling hole and cause the risk that filling hole or filling channel blocked, can make the apron open when concrete mud flows into the filling hole through the control to concrete injection meets wall stock and country rock's joint gap department.
Preferably, the control is including setting up the dog in the packing hole of drilling rod, and the dog is located the apron and is close to one side of packing the passageway, is provided with the dwang of being connected with the apron rotation on the dog, and coaxial cover is equipped with reset spring on the dwang, and reset spring's one end supports tight drilling rod internal perisporium, and reset spring's the other end offsets tightly with the terminal surface that the apron deviates from the packing passageway.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the drilling rod bored into the country rock, the piece part that the drilling rod wore out fell on the terminal surface that the apron deviates from the filling passageway, thereby stop the apron and rotate to the direction that is close to the filling passageway through the dog, thereby avoid the piece to fall into the filling passageway, when the concrete flows in through the filling hole and connects the joint gap department of wall stock and country rock, the concrete can promote the apron and remove along the direction of keeping away from the filling passageway, so that the concrete gets into the joint gap department that connects wall stock and country rock, after concrete injection completion, reset spring can drive the apron and remove along the direction that is close to the filling passageway, realize that the apron resets.
Preferably, the filling channel is internally coaxially provided with a filling pipe made of elastic material, one end of the filling pipe is fixed inside the drill rod and communicated with the filling hole, and the other end of the filling pipe is fixed inside the control screw rod and close to the end face of the control screw rod, which deviates from the drill rod.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the joint gap department to connecing wall stock and country rock pours into the concrete into, can make the concrete not with the filling channel direct contact through the filling tube, after concrete injection completion, because the elastic material of filling tube can absorb the interior remaining concrete mud liquid of filling tube to avoid remaining concrete mud from filling channel flow direction ground, additionally increase the process that the staff cleared up the concrete drippage when causing the concrete waste.
Preferably, the connecting piece comprises two connecting main rods which are horizontally arranged oppositely, the two connecting main rods are arranged along the length direction of the tunnel and are fixed with the two adjacent rigid protective frames, and two cross-arranged connecting inclined rods are arranged between the two connecting main rods.
By adopting the technical scheme, the two rigid protective frames are connected through the connecting main rod, and the overall structural strength of the connecting piece is enhanced by crossed arrangement of the two connecting inclined rods, so that the overall strength of the whole supporting structure is improved.
Preferably, the two ends of each connecting main rod are respectively located in the connecting grooves of the arched supporting rods on the two adjacent rigid protection frames, the two connecting main rods are respectively provided with a chute for positioning the connecting diagonal rod, and the two ends of each connecting diagonal rod are respectively inserted into the chutes of the two connecting main rods and are fixed with the connecting main rods.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, fix a position to the connection mobile jib or connect the down tube through spread groove and chute on the one hand, on the other hand increases the area of contact of arch branch and connection mobile jib, connection mobile jib and connection down tube to in the holistic joint strength of reinforcing supporting construction.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for supporting an underground excavation cave-entry:
a support method for underground excavation and hole entering specifically comprises the following steps:
step 3, positioning the rigid protective frame, firstly, injecting a part of concrete slurry into a connecting gap between the wall-connecting anchor rod and the surrounding rock from the filling pipe until the concrete slurry overflows from the connecting gap between the wall-connecting anchor rod and the surrounding rock, and then sucking out residual concrete slurry in the filling pipe;
step 5, connecting two adjacent rigid protective frames, namely firstly fixing two connecting main rods between the two adjacent rigid protective frames through welding or riveting, and secondly fixing two connecting inclined rods on the two connecting main rods in a cross welding or riveting manner;
and 6, pouring concrete into the well-connected supporting structure, shaping the concrete through a mould, and reserving connecting grooves on arch-shaped supporting rods which are required to be connected with other supporting structures in the future.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, connect a plurality of arch mobile jib earlier through the holder, later realize the connection of arch branch and country rock through connecing the wall stock, again according to actual conditions through a plurality of groups rigidity fender framves of connecting piece connection, carry out concrete placement at last after connecting rigidity fender frame, ground and country rock to realize supporting construction's strut installation.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the wall-connecting anchor rod and the clamping piece are connected, so that the phenomenon of stress concentration caused by the fact that the wall-connecting anchor rod is directly connected with the arch-shaped supporting rod is avoided, meanwhile, the rigid protective frame is integrally connected with the surrounding rock, the surrounding rock generates tension force for preventing the supporting structure from being separated from the surrounding rock, the supporting structure bears the pressure of deformation of the surrounding rock and the self gravity, meanwhile, the tension force of the surrounding rock on the supporting structure is also generated, the condition that the stress of the supporting structure is concentrated is integrally dispersed, the risk of deformation and collapse of the supporting structure is reduced, and the safety of underground excavation construction is improved;
2. the connecting through hole is formed in the position, where the clamping groove is not formed, of the clamping plate, so that the connecting position of the wall-connected anchor rod and the clamping piece is staggered with the connecting position of the clamping piece and the arched support rod, and the phenomenon of stress concentration at the connecting position of the clamping piece, the arched support rod and the wall-connected anchor rod is avoided;
3. connect the wall stock through filling the passageway and filling the hole can be to filling the concrete in connecing wall stock and the surrounding rock joint gap to reduce the surrounding rock and connect the gap between the wall stock, reinforcing surrounding rock and the joint strength of contact anchor rod have improved the inside structural strength of surrounding rock, thereby alleviate the degree of surrounding rock deformation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structural diagram of an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a rigid cradle and a coupler according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the connection of the rigid cage to the link in an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the connection of a wall anchor to a clamp in an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a wall-meeting bolt in an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 6 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion a in fig. 5.
In the figure: 1. a rigid protective frame; 11. an arched strut; 111. connecting grooves; 12. a clamping member; 121. a clamping plate; 122. a clamping groove; 123. a connecting through hole; 2. a coupling member; 21. a connecting main rod; 22. a coupling diagonal bar; 3. pouring a concrete layer; 4. surrounding rocks; 5. grounding the anchor rod; 6. a wall-connected anchor rod; 61. a drill stem; 62. controlling the screw; 63. a control nut; 64. an anti-overflow plate; 65. filling the channel; 66. filling the hole; 67. a fill tube; 68. a seal ring; 7. a cover plate; 8. a control member; 81. a stopper; 82. rotating the rod; 83. a return spring.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-6.
The embodiment of the application discloses secretly dig into hole supporting construction. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the supporting structure includes a plurality of rigid protection frames 1 arranged at intervals along the length direction of the excavated tunnel, a connecting member 2 is installed between two adjacent rigid protection frames 1, and the connecting member 2 connects the plurality of rigid protection frames 1 into a unified whole, thereby dispersing the pressure of the surrounding rock 4 on the whole supporting structure. Concrete pouring layers 3 are poured around the rigid protection frame 1 and the connecting piece 2, so that the rigidity of the whole supporting structure is improved, gaps between the rigid protection frame 1 and surrounding rocks 4 are reduced, and the supporting strength of the whole supporting structure is improved.
Wherein rigidity protects frame 1 includes that a plurality of is along the arch branch 11 that tunnel length direction interval laid, and arch branch 11 is vertical to be installed subaerial, and arch branch 11 is vertical to be laid in both ends, and the centre is the arc knee of kickup, and the both ends of arch branch 11 all are fixed with the mounting plate with ground contact, install the ground connection stock 5 that inserts ground on the mounting plate for arch branch 11 is fixed subaerial. A clamping piece 12 which connects the arch-shaped supporting rods 11 into a whole is connected between the arch-shaped supporting rods 11.
In addition, because the pressure born by the middle bending part of the arched supporting rod 11 is larger than the pressure born by the two ends of the arched supporting rod 11, a plurality of wall-connecting anchor rods 6 inserted into the surrounding rock 4 are connected on a plurality of clamping pieces 12 positioned at the middle part of the arched supporting rod 11. The wall-connecting anchor rod 6 is positioned between two adjacent arch-shaped supporting rods 11, so that the situation that the stress is too concentrated at the clamping piece 12 is prevented, and the wall-connecting anchor rod 6 is used for realizing the connection of the whole supporting structure and the surrounding rock 4. The supporting structure bears the pressure of deformation of the surrounding rock 4 and the gravity of the supporting structure, and meanwhile, the tensile force of the surrounding rock 4 to the supporting structure is also achieved, the condition that the stress of the supporting structure is concentrated is dispersed on the whole, the risk that the supporting structure deforms and collapses is reduced, and the safety of underground excavation construction is improved.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the coupling 2 includes two coupling main bars 21 arranged in a length direction of the tunnel and coupling diagonal bars 22 arranged to cross between the two coupling main bars 21. The connecting grooves 111 for connecting the main connecting rods 21 are formed in the arched supporting rods 11, two ends of each main connecting rod 21 are respectively inserted into the two adjacent arched supporting rods 11 between the two adjacent rigid protective frames 1, the two main connecting rods 21 are horizontally arranged at intervals, the main connecting rods 21 are provided with inclined grooves clamped with the inclined connecting rods 22, two ends of each inclined connecting rod 22 are clamped with the two main connecting rods 21 through the inclined grooves, the positions of the inclined connecting rods 22 are limited, and then the inclined connecting rods 22 are welded on the main connecting rods 21, so that the structural strength of the connecting piece 2 is improved.
Referring to fig. 2 and 4, the clamping member 12 includes two clamping plates 121 oppositely arranged, the clamping plates 121 are arranged along the length direction of the tunnel, and the two clamping plates 121 are connected by bolts. Arch branch 11 is located between two grip blocks 121, and the centre gripping groove 122 of centre gripping arch branch 11 is seted up at equal interval on the relative terminal surface of two grip blocks 121, and grip block 121 all sets up the connect the via hole 123 that supplies ground connection stock 5 to pass between two adjacent centre gripping grooves 122, realizes being connected between grip block 121 and the ground connection stock 5 through connect the via hole 123, and then realizes that whole rigidity protects being connected of frame 1 and country rock 4.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the wall bolt 6 includes a drill rod 61, a control screw 62, a control nut 63, and a spill plate 64. The drill rod 61 is spirally drilled into the surrounding rock 4, the control screw rod 62 is coaxially connected and fixed with the drill rod 61 and is located outside the surrounding rock 4, one end of the control screw rod 62 penetrates through the clamping piece 12 through the connecting through hole 123, the control nut 63 is in threaded connection with the control screw rod 62, the anti-overflow plate 64 is coaxially and fixedly sleeved at the position, close to the drill rod 61, of the control screw rod 62 and abuts against the surrounding rock 4, the clamping piece 12 is located between the control nut 63 and the anti-overflow plate 64, the control nut 63 abuts against the clamping plate 121, the position of the clamping piece 12 is limited, and the connection stability of the clamping piece 12 and the wall-connecting anchor rod 6 is improved.
Wherein control screw 62 and the inside coaxial packing passageway 65 of having seted up of drilling rod 61, packing passageway 65 and the one end intercommunication that control screw 62 deviates from drilling rod 61, the one end that drilling rod 61 deviates from control screw 62 is equipped with the drill point, set up the filling hole 66 with packing passageway 65 intercommunication on the periphery wall that drilling rod 61 is close to the drill point, can pour into concrete mud into the gap of drilling rod 61 and country rock 4 through packing passageway 65 and filling hole 66, thereby reduce the country rock 4 and connect the gap between wall stock 6, strengthen country rock 4 and the joint strength who connects wall stock 6, the risk that connects wall stock 6 to break away from country rock 4 has been reduced. A filling tube 67 of an elastic material is coaxially fixed in the filling passage 65. Can make concrete mud not with fill passageway 65 direct contact when pouring into concrete mud to absorb the remaining concrete mud liquid in the filling tube 67 after concrete mud injection is accomplished, thereby avoid remaining concrete mud to flow to ground from filling passageway 65, additionally increase the process that the staff cleared up the concrete drop when causing the concrete waste.
In addition, a cover plate 7 is rotatably connected to the position, close to the outer peripheral wall of the drill rod 61, in the filling hole 66 of the drill rod 61, and a control part 8 for controlling the opening and closing of the cover plate 7 is arranged in the drill rod 61. The control member 8 includes a rotating lever 82, a stopper 81, and a return spring 83. The rotating rod 82 is fixed on the drill rod 61 and rotates with the cover plate 7 along the direction close to or far away from the filling channel 65, the stop 81 is fixed inside the filling hole 66 on the drill rod 61, and the stop 81 is located on one side of the cover plate 7 close to the filling channel 65 and abuts against the cover plate 7, so that the rotating angle of the cover plate 7 is limited, and the situation that the filling channel 65 is blocked due to the fact that scraps generated when the drill rod 61 drills into the surrounding rock 4 fall into the filling channel 65 is avoided. The return spring 83 is coaxially sleeved on the rotating rod 82, one end of the return spring 83 abuts against the peripheral wall of the filling hole 66 in the drill rod 61, and the other end of the return spring 83 abuts against the end face of the cover plate 7 departing from the filling channel 65. When concrete mud pours through the filling hole 66, because concrete mud's impact force, apron 7 is opened along the direction of keeping away from filling passageway 65 to in concrete mud gets into the gap of drilling rod 61 and country rock 4, when concrete mud pours and accomplishes the back, can drive apron 7 through reset spring 83 and remove along the direction that is close to filling passageway 65, realize apron 7 and reset.
The implementation principle of the underground excavation hole-entering supporting structure in the embodiment of the application is as follows: when supporting a hidden excavated hole, firstly, the rigid protection frames 1 are installed at intervals along the length direction of the tunnel, the number of the arched supporting rods 11 in the rigid protection frames 1 is determined according to actual conditions, secondly, the arched supporting rods 11 are connected with the ground through the grounding anchor rods 5, then, the plurality of arched supporting rods 11 in the rigid protection frames 1 are clamped through the clamping pieces 12, in addition, the rigid protection frames 1 are connected with the surrounding rock 4 through the wall connecting anchor rods 6, finally, the two adjacent rigid protection frames 1 are connected through the connecting pieces 2, the stress concentration condition of the supporting structure is finally dispersed, the risk of deformation and collapse of the supporting structure is reduced, and therefore the safety of hidden excavation construction is improved.
The embodiment of the application discloses a support method for underground excavation and hole entering, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 3, positioning the rigid protective frame 1, firstly, injecting a part of concrete slurry into a connecting gap between the wall-connecting anchor rod 6 and the surrounding rock 4 from the filling pipe 67 until the concrete slurry overflows from the connecting gap between the wall-connecting anchor rod 6 and the surrounding rock 4, and then sucking out residual concrete slurry in the filling pipe 67;
step 5, connecting two adjacent rigid protection frames 1, firstly fixing two connecting main rods 21 between the two adjacent rigid protection frames 1 through welding or riveting, and secondly fixing two connecting inclined rods 22 on the two connecting main rods 21 in a cross welding or riveting manner;
and 6, pouring concrete into the combined supporting structure, shaping the concrete through a mould, and reserving connecting grooves 111 on the arch-shaped supporting rods 11 which need to be connected with other supporting structures in the future.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a secretly dig into hole supporting construction which characterized in that: the tunnel comprises a plurality of rigid protection frames (1) which are arranged at intervals along the length of a tunnel, connecting pieces (2) which are positioned between two adjacent rigid protection frames (1) and are used for connecting the two adjacent rigid protection frames (1), and concrete pouring layers (3) which are poured around the rigid protection frames (1) and the connecting pieces (2);
rigidity protects frame (1) and includes arch branch (11) that a plurality of laid along tunnel length interval, arch branch (11) are curved knee for the middle of the vertical laying in both ends, the bottom of arch branch (11) is provided with and is used for ground connection stock (5), the length direction interval of following arch branch (11) between a plurality of arch branch (11) is provided with holder (12) that links into an integrated entity a plurality of arch branch (11), holder (12) that are located arch branch (11) middle part all wear to be equipped with on holder (12) insert wall stock (6) that connect of country rock (4), arch branch (11) connect two adjacent and all offer spread groove (111) that are used for connecting piece (2) between wall stock (6).
2. An underground excavation hole-entering supporting structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the clamping piece (12) comprises two clamping plates (121) which are arranged oppositely, clamping grooves (122) used for clamping the arch-shaped supporting rods (11) are arranged in the two clamping plates (121) along the arrangement direction of the plurality of arch-shaped supporting rods (11) in the same rigid protection frame (1) at intervals, the arch-shaped supporting rods (11) are located between the two clamping plates (121), the clamping grooves (122) in the two clamping plates (121) are arranged oppositely and connected through bolts, and connecting through holes (123) used for being connected with the grounding anchor rods (5) are formed in the clamping plates (121) between the two adjacent clamping grooves (122).
3. An underground excavated entry hole supporting construction according to claim 2, wherein: connect wall stock (6) including drilling rod (61), drilling rod (61) one end is provided with the drill bit, the other end coaxial fixation of drilling rod (61) has control screw (62), threaded connection has control nut (63) on control screw (62), the one end that control screw (62) are connected drilling rod (61) slides and passes connect through-hole (123) until drilling rod (61) rotate insert in country rock (4), control nut (63) rotate and support grip block (121), it communicates drilling rod (61) and control screw (62) and is used for pouring into filling passageway (65) of concrete to have seted up in connecing wall stock (6), offer on drilling rod (61) periphery wall with fill filling passageway (65) the filling hole (66) that communicate, filling hole (66) are arranged in the guide concrete that gets into in filling passageway (65) flows into in the connecting gap of drilling rod (61) and country rock (4).
4. An underground excavation hole-entering supporting structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: the filling channel (65) is a channel distributed along the length direction of the control screw rod (62), one end of the filling channel (65) is coaxially communicated with one end, away from the drill rod (61), of the control screw rod (62), and the other end of the filling channel (65) is located inside the drill rod (61) and close to the drill bit.
5. An underground excavation hole-entering supporting structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: the drill rod is characterized in that a cover plate (7) used for preventing impurities from entering a filling channel (65) is arranged at a position, close to the peripheral wall of the drill rod (61), of a filling hole (66) in the drill rod (61), and a control piece (8) used for controlling the cover plate (7) to be opened and closed is arranged in the filling hole (66) of the drill rod (61).
6. An underground excavation hole-entering supporting structure according to claim 5, wherein: control piece (8) are including setting up dog (81) in filling hole (66) of drilling rod (61), dog (81) are located apron (7) and are close to one side of filling passageway (65), be provided with on dog (81) and rotate dwang (82) of being connected with apron (7), coaxial cover is equipped with reset spring (83) on dwang (82), the one end of reset spring (83) supports tight drilling rod (61) internal perisporium, the other end of reset spring (83) offsets tightly with the terminal surface that apron (7) deviate from to fill passageway (65).
7. An underground excavation hole-entering supporting structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: the filling channel (65) is internally and coaxially provided with a filling pipe (67) made of elastic materials, one end of the filling pipe (67) is fixed inside the drill rod (61) and communicated with the filling hole (66), and the other end of the filling pipe (67) is fixed inside the control screw rod (62) and close to the end face of the control screw rod (62) departing from the drill rod (61).
8. An underground excavation hole-entering supporting structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the connecting piece (2) comprises two connecting main rods (21) which are horizontally arranged oppositely, the two connecting main rods (21) are arranged along the length direction of the tunnel and are fixed with the two adjacent rigid protective frames (1), and two cross-arranged connecting inclined rods (22) are arranged between the two connecting main rods (21).
9. An underground excavation hole-entering supporting structure according to claim 8, wherein: two ends of each connecting main rod (21) are respectively positioned in connecting grooves (111) of the arched support rods (11) on the two adjacent rigid protection frames (1), inclined grooves used for positioning the connecting inclined rods (22) are formed in the two connecting main rods (21), and two ends of each connecting inclined rod (22) are respectively inserted into the inclined grooves of the two connecting main rods (21) and are fixed with the connecting main rods (21).
10. A support method for underground excavation and hole entry is characterized in that: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, initially building a rigid protective frame (1), determining the number of arch support rods (11) according to actual conditions, fixing the arch support rods (11) on the ground through grounding anchor rods (5), connecting a plurality of arch support rods (11) through a clamping piece (12), and inserting a wall-connecting anchor rod (6) into surrounding rocks (4) through the clamping piece (12);
step 2, debugging concrete pouring slurry according to the volume of the rigid protective frame (1);
step 3, positioning the rigid protective frame (1), firstly, injecting a part of concrete slurry into a connecting gap between the wall-connecting anchor rod (6) and the surrounding rock (4) from the filling pipe (67) until the concrete slurry overflows from the connecting gap between the wall-connecting anchor rod (6) and the surrounding rock (4), and then sucking out residual concrete slurry in the filling pipe (67);
step 4, continuously building other rigid protection frames (1);
step 5, connecting two adjacent rigid protection frames (1), firstly fixing two connecting main rods (21) between the two adjacent rigid protection frames (1) through welding or riveting, and secondly fixing two connecting inclined rods (22) on the two connecting main rods (21) in a cross welding or riveting manner;
and 6, pouring concrete into the combined supporting structure, shaping the concrete through a mould, and reserving connecting grooves (111) on the arch-shaped supporting rods (11) which are required to be connected with other supporting structures in the future.
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| ATA182289A (en) * | 1989-07-28 | 1991-05-15 | Mayreder Kraus & Co Ing | METHOD FOR REMOVING TUNNEL OR TUNNEL ROUTES |
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| WO2018006558A1 (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2018-01-11 | 山东大学 | Confined high-strength concrete support system applicable to underground tunnel |
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| CN216008534U (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2022-03-11 | 中铁三局集团有限公司 | Truss type connection structure for primary support steel frame of soft rock large-deformation tunnel |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ATA182289A (en) * | 1989-07-28 | 1991-05-15 | Mayreder Kraus & Co Ing | METHOD FOR REMOVING TUNNEL OR TUNNEL ROUTES |
| KR101028535B1 (en) * | 2010-11-09 | 2011-04-11 | 주식회사 하이콘엔지니어링 | Construction method of double tunnel |
| CN203035217U (en) * | 2012-12-04 | 2013-07-03 | 河南南车重型装备有限公司 | Hydraulic support preventing rock burst |
| WO2018006558A1 (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2018-01-11 | 山东大学 | Confined high-strength concrete support system applicable to underground tunnel |
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