CN115075423A - 一种装配式建筑用WdW保温结构一体板及施工方法 - Google Patents
一种装配式建筑用WdW保温结构一体板及施工方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开一种装配式建筑用WdW保温结构一体板及施工方法。所述WdW保温结构一体板包含:内叶板(101)、保温结构一体化连接件(102)、外叶板(103);所述保温结构一体化连接件包含保温(1025)、钢丝网片(1022)、多功能连接件(1021)、螺纹形塑料保护套(1024)以及L形钢筋连接棍(1023)。其生产工艺,包括如下步骤:步骤1:窗侧剪力墙预留U形水平钢筋;步骤2:WdW保温结构一体板安装;步骤3:WdW保温结构一体板内叶板拼缝处节点施工;步骤4:板接缝灌浆施工;步骤5:外叶板接缝施工。本发明将传统砌块砌筑改进为工厂预制、现场安装,施工工期节约1/4以上,不仅满足“装配式建筑评价标准GBT51129‑2017”中的评价分值要求,而且有利于节约人力物力、降低施工成本、提升建筑物质量。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种装配式建筑技术领域,特别是涉及一种装配式建筑用WdW保温结构一体板及施工方法。
背景技术
绿色建筑理念不断深入人心,作为绿色建筑之一的装配式建筑近几年得到飞速发展。建筑施工从工地现浇逐渐向工厂预制转型,各地区装配式应用比例越来越高,各类型的装配式产品层出不穷。目前,装配式建筑产品主要分为三大部分,第一部分为主体结构,主要采用的是预制墙板、预制叠合板以及预制楼梯等;第二部分主要包含围护结构及内隔墙,蒸压加气混凝土板等产品居多;第三部分为全装修及设备管线分离。作为评判建筑物是否为装配式建筑的评价标准“装配式建筑评价标准GBT51129-2017”中给出了预制应用的具体比例及分值。
其中,围护墙与保温、隔热一体化这一分项不仅需要满足装配式建筑方面的要求而且要满足绿建方向的要求,目前,现场施工已经明令禁止采用保温薄抹灰工艺,讲求保温与结构同时施工、保温外侧有足够厚度的保护层确保保温与结构同寿命。应运而生的保温结构一体化产品,采用特制的塑料制品结合钢筋作为保温内外侧的连接件,现场内外一同浇筑,整体成型,此施工方案解决了保温与结构同寿命的问题,但是由于此产品的外叶板只有5cm厚,导致现场浇筑过程中容易产生空鼓、振捣不均匀等问题,尤其是窗下墙部分与两侧的剪力墙存在高低差,浇筑时很难将混凝土完全的引入到窗下墙外叶板位置。大量的施工经验表明,窗下墙位置是传统现浇与采用保温结构一体化产品施工中最容易出现质量问题的地方,防水、裂缝等影响建筑使用功能的质量通病不易解决。
装配式建筑评价标准中,为了能够得到“非承重围护结构非砌筑”这个分值,一般采用ALC条板用于非承重围护结构施工当中,但是如果采用ALC条板,保温板就只能采用后沾施工,不能满足“围护墙与保温、隔热一体化”的要求,所以在这两个分值中存在取舍关系。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术存在的上述不足,本发明提供一种装配式建筑用WdW保温结构一体板及施工方法。该发明不仅能保证“非承重围护结构非砌筑”、“围护墙与保温、隔热一体化”两个分值同时得分,而且能够解决窗下墙部分与两侧的剪力墙存在高低差,浇筑时很难将混凝土完全的引入到窗下墙外叶板位置的重大质量通病,施工方便、成本低,有利于节约人力、物力,加快施工进度。
为实现以上目的,本发明通过以下技术方案予以实现:一种装配式建筑用WdW保温结构一体板,包括内叶板、保温结构一体化连接件、外叶板,所述内叶板为与结构墙体厚度相同的混凝土板;所述保温结构一体化连接件包含保温、钢丝网片、多功能连接件、螺纹形塑料保护套以及L形钢筋连接棍,多功能连接件一端固定钢丝网片,另一端依附固定于保温板上形成整体,L形钢筋连接棍穿过多功能连接件,一端勾在钢丝网片上,另一端深入到内叶板里;所述外叶板为混凝土与所述钢筋网片形成的厚度50mm的混凝土保护板。
所述内叶板中心位置布置减重泡沫块,减轻结构重量,减重块中心为空心构造,保证混凝土能够顺利穿过,防止生产时下部混凝土空鼓;减重块四周混凝土厚度为50mm。
所述内叶板上部形成上部内凹通道,下部形成下部内凹通道,左、右部分内凹形成板间灌浆通道用于多块WdW保温结构一体板的后浇连接节点灌浆,使其几块板连成整体。
所述保温结构一体化连接件的多功能连接件一端留有钢丝网片用十字卡槽,钢丝网片可以牢固卡到多功能连接件上,固定其钢丝网片的上、下、左、右位置;L形钢筋连接棍穿过多功能连接件一端卡到多功能连接件上,另一端穿过螺纹形塑料保护套通过固定板与螺纹形塑料保护套的螺纹扣固定于保温上并伸入到内叶板里。
所述外叶板通过浇筑混凝土与钢丝网片形成保温的保护层,保护层厚度按实际项目取值,一般为50mm;外叶板浇筑完成后相较保温板每侧缩进10mm,用于建筑接缝处理。
所述外叶板下部突出保温40mm,与下层外叶板形成接缝,并与保温接缝形成搓茬,有助于防水效果的提升。
一种装配式建筑用WdW保温结构一体板的施工方法,所述施工方法包括以下步骤:
步骤1:窗侧剪力墙预留U形水平钢筋:
窗口两侧为现浇剪力墙结构,一般采用保温结构一体板进行施工,WdW保温结构一体板做为二次围护结构,需要窗侧剪力墙达到一定强度要求后进行WdW保温结构一体板的安装,为满足二次围护结构水平推力及地震荷载的结构受力要求,在窗侧剪力墙指定位置预留出U形水平钢筋。
步骤2:WdW保温结构一体板安装:
1)WdW保温结构一体板下部采用封闭箍筋与窗侧剪力墙剪力墙伸出U形水平钢筋搭接;
2)板下部采用无收缩防水封边料对内叶板的四周进行封堵,保证后期灌浆时灌浆料不会留出,然后进行WdW保温结构一体板的安装施工。
3)WdW保温结构一体板上部采用封闭箍筋与窗侧剪力墙剪力墙伸出U形水平钢筋搭接,通过上、下的钢筋搭接将WdW保温结构一体板与窗侧剪力墙结构进行连接。
步骤3:WdW保温结构一体板内叶板拼缝处节点施工:
WdW保温结构一体板安装完成后,板与板的内叶板有30mm的突出部分,此部分为20mm宽度的拼缝,采用发泡聚乙烯棒、专用密封胶及专用嵌缝剂进行封堵处理。
步骤4:板接缝灌浆施工:
WdW保温结构一体板安装完成且竖向、内叶板下部四周全部封堵完成之后,板间灌浆通道、板下部内凹通道以及板上部内凹通道整体的空腔全部连通,采用防水灌浆料进行一次灌浆振捣,待板上部内凹钢筋搭接通道与板上部窗口标高一致时停止浇筑,进行抹面处理,至此若干块WdW保温结构一体板将形成一个整体。
步骤5:外叶板接缝施工:
内叶板全部施工完成并达到规定要求强度之后,进行外叶板接缝位置施工,采用发泡聚乙烯棒及建筑密封胶对接缝进行处理。
本发明的有益效果:与传统窗下墙施工相比,采用装配式预制构件,满足政府政策及装配式评价标准对装配率的要求;解决了因窗下墙部分与两侧的剪力墙存在高低差造成的质量通病问题;降低了采用砌块砌筑对于环境的影响,节约了施工工期;节点位置现浇,解决了墙体采用ALC墙板的防水问题;WdW保温结构一体板均按照常用窗口尺寸定尺,宽度为600mm、300mm、200mm三种尺寸,基本满足所有窗户的窗下墙要求,构件标准化程度高,同一套模具可以根据窗下墙高度的不同重复使用,节约成本。
附图说明
图1是WdW保温结构一体板安装完成后正视图;
图2是WdW保温结构一体板的1-1剖视图;
图3是WdW保温结构一体板的2-2剖视图;
图4是WdW保温结构一体板的正视图;
图5是WdW保温结构一体板侧视图;
图6是WdW保温结构一体板的俯视图;
图7是保温结构一体化连接件正视图;
图8是保温结构一体化连接件侧视图;
图9是多功能连接件示意图;
上述附图中:1.WdW保温结构一体板,101.内叶板,102.保温结构一体化连接件,1021.多功能连接件,1022.钢丝网片,1023.L形钢筋连接棍,1024.螺纹形塑料保护套,1025.保温,1026.固定板,103.外叶板,104.减重块,2.窗侧剪力墙,201.窗侧剪力墙内叶板,202.窗侧剪力墙保温,203.窗侧剪力墙外叶板,3.U形水平钢筋,4.封闭箍筋,5.板间灌浆通道,6.上部内凹通道,7.下部内凹通道,8.下层剪力墙,801.下层剪力墙内叶板,802.下层剪力墙保温,803.下层剪力外叶板,9.发泡聚乙烯棒,10.建筑密封胶,11.防水灌浆料,12.专用密封胶,13.专用嵌缝剂,14.无收缩防水封边料,15.弹性防水密封材料。
具体实施方式
实施例
下面结合附图与具体实施方式对本发明的生产工艺作进一步详细描述:
图1是WdW保温结构一体板安装完成后的窗下墙,所述窗下墙包括WdW保温结构一体板1、U形水平钢筋3、封闭箍筋4、板间接缝5、上部内凹通道6、下部内凹通道7,其中WdW保温结构一体板1通过U形水平钢筋3与封闭箍筋4的搭接连接提供抗侧力,WdW保温结构一体板1、U形水平钢筋3、封闭箍筋4通过板间接缝5、上部内凹通道6、下部内凹通道7的浇筑防水灌浆料11一个整体。所述WdW保温结构一体板1包括内叶板101、保温结构一体化连接件102、外叶板103,内叶板101与外叶板103通过保温结构一体化连接件102连成整体,完成混凝土浇筑。所述保温结构一体化连接件102包括:多功能连接件1021、钢丝网片1022、L形钢筋连接棍1023、螺纹形塑料保护套1024、保温1025、固定板1026,所述多功能连接件1021一端利用自身十字卡槽固定钢丝网片1022,另一端穿过螺纹形塑料保护套1024通过固定板1026与螺纹形塑料保护套1024的螺纹扣固定于保温1025上并伸入到内叶板101里。
一种装配式建筑用WdW保温结构一体板的施工方法,所述施工方法包括以下步骤:
步骤1:窗侧剪力墙2预留U形水平钢筋3:
窗口两侧为现浇剪力墙结构,一般采用保温结构一体板进行施工,WdW保温结构一体板1做为二次围护结构,需要窗侧剪力墙2达到一定强度要求后进行WdW保温结构一体板1的安装,为满足二次围护结构水平推力及地震荷载的结构受力要求,在窗侧剪力墙2指定位置预留出U形水平钢筋3。
步骤2:WdW保温结构一体板1安装:
1)WdW保温结构一体板1下部采用封闭箍筋4与窗侧剪力墙剪力墙2伸出U形水平钢筋3搭接;
2)板下部采用无收缩防水封边料14对内叶板101的四周进行封堵,保证后期灌浆时灌浆料不会留出,然后进行WdW保温结构一体板1的安装施工。
3)WdW保温结构一体板1上部采用封闭箍筋4与窗侧剪力墙剪力墙2伸出U形水平钢筋3搭接,通过上、下的钢筋搭接将WdW保温结构一体板1与窗侧剪力墙2结构进行连接。
步骤3:WdW保温结构一体板1内叶板101拼缝处节点施工:
WdW保温结构一体板1安装完成后,板与板的内叶板有30mm的突出部分,此部分为20mm宽度的拼缝,采用发泡聚乙烯棒9、专用密封胶12及专用嵌缝剂13进行封堵处理。
步骤4:板接缝灌浆施工:
WdW保温结构一体板1安装完成且竖向、内叶板下部四周全部封堵完成之后,板间灌浆通道5、板下部内凹通道7以及板上部内凹通道6整体的空腔全部连通,采用防水灌浆料11进行一次灌浆振捣,待板上部内凹钢筋搭接通道与板上部窗口标高一致时停止浇筑,进行抹面处理,至此若干块WdW保温结构一体板1将形成一个整体。
步骤5:外叶板103接缝施工:
内叶板101全部施工完成并达到规定要求强度之后,进行外叶板103接缝位置施工,采用发泡聚乙烯棒9及建筑密封胶10对接缝进行处理。
本发明与传统砌筑施工对比具有明显的优势,首先本产品采用工厂预制,现场组装的施工方法,省去人工砌筑、后贴保温、薄抹灰的施工步骤,对于人力物力的节约效果明显;拼装节点位置采用可靠的密封建筑做法,且节点位置采用防水灌浆料进行节点灌浆,有助于整体结构的防水要求,提升功能品质;内叶板采用标准的减重块,不但减少混凝土用量及重量,而且更加符合窗下二次围护结构不参与主体结构受力的受力形式,有利于抗震吸能;窗口尺寸一般为300mm的倍数,所以采用600mm的WdW保温结构一体板容易形成标准化产品,有利于在建设项目中的广泛推广,WdW保温结构一体板的模具可以根据不同高度通用,降低了构件生产企业的生产成本,对于整个装配式行业的发展具有推动作用;内凹形成的灌浆通道尺寸统一,施工灌浆好把控,且内凹使得构件与构件之间形成犬牙交错形状,有利于力的传导;统一的产品、统一的施工方案、统一的节点做法有利于施工现场的质量把控;采用WdW保温结构一体板与传统现浇砌筑对比,施工工期节约1/4以上,能够达到公司降本增效的目的。
Claims (7)
1.一种装配式建筑用WdW保温结构一体板,包括内叶板(101)、保温结构一体化连接件(102)、外叶板(103),所述内叶板(101)为与结构墙体厚度相同的混凝土板;所述保温结构一体化连接件(102)包含保温(1025)、钢丝网片(1022)、多功能连接件(1021)、螺纹形塑料保护套(1024)以及L形钢筋连接棍(1023),多功能连接件(1021)一端固定钢丝网片(1022),另一端依附固定于保温(1025)板上形成整体,L形钢筋连接棍(1023)穿过多功能连接件(1021),一端勾在钢丝网片(1022)上,另一端深入到内叶板(101)里;所述外叶板(103)为混凝土与所述钢筋网片(1022)形成的厚度50mm的混凝土保护板。
2.根据权利要求1所述的WdW保温结构一体板(1),其特征在于:所述内叶板(101)中心位置布置减重泡沫(104)块,减轻结构重量,减重块中心为空心构造,保证混凝土能够顺利穿过,防止生产时下部混凝土空鼓;减重块四周混凝土厚度为50mm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的WdW保温结构一体板(1),其特征在于:所述内叶板(101)上部形成上部内凹通道(6),下部形成下部内凹通道(7),左、右部分内凹形成板间灌浆通道(5)用于多块WdW保温结构一体板(1)的后浇连接节点灌浆,使其几块板连成整体。
4.根据权利要求1所述的WdW保温结构一体板(1),其特征在于:所述保温结构一体化连接件(102)中的多功能连接件(1021)一端留有钢丝网片(1022)用十字卡槽,钢丝网片(1022)可以牢固卡到多功能连接件(1021)上,固定其钢丝网片(1022)的上、下、左、右位置;L形钢筋连接棍(1023)穿过多功能连接件(1021)一端卡到多功能连接件(1021)上,另一端穿过螺纹形塑料保护套(1024)通过固定板(1026)与螺纹形塑料保护套(1024)的螺纹扣固定于保温(1025)上并伸入到内叶板(101)里。
5.根据权利要求1所述的WdW保温结构一体板(1),其特征在于:所述外叶板(103)通过浇筑混凝土与钢丝网片(1022)形成保温的保护层,保护层厚度按实际项目取值,一般为50mm;外叶板(103)浇筑完成后相较保温板每侧缩进10mm,用于建筑接缝处理。
6.根据权利要求1所述的WdW保温结构一体板(1),其特征在于:所述外叶板(103)下部突出保温40mm,与下层外叶板(103)形成接缝,并与保温(1025)接缝形成搓茬,有助于防水效果的提升。
7.一种装配式建筑用WdW保温结构一体板(1)的施工方法,其特征在于:所述施工方法包括如下步骤:
步骤1:窗侧剪力墙(2)预留U形水平钢筋(3):
窗口两侧为现浇剪力墙结构,一般采用保温结构一体板进行施工,WdW保温结构一体板(1)做为二次围护结构,需要窗侧剪力墙(2)达到一定强度要求后进行WdW保温结构一体板(1)的安装,为满足二次围护结构水平推力及地震荷载的结构受力要求,在窗侧剪力墙(2)指定位置预留出U形水平钢筋(3)。
步骤2:WdW保温结构一体板(1)安装:
1)WdW保温结构一体板(1)下部采用封闭箍筋(4)与窗侧剪力墙剪力墙(2)伸出U形水平钢筋(3)搭接;
2)板下部采用无收缩防水封边料(14)对内叶板(101)的四周进行封堵,保证后期灌浆时灌浆料不会留出,然后进行WdW保温结构一体板(1)的安装施工。
3)WdW保温结构一体板(1)上部采用封闭箍筋(4)与窗侧剪力墙剪力墙(2)伸出U形水平钢筋(3)搭接,通过上、下的钢筋搭接将WdW保温结构一体板(1)与窗侧剪力墙(2)结构进行连接。
步骤3:WdW保温结构一体板(1)内叶板(101)拼缝处节点施工:
WdW保温结构一体板(1)安装完成后,板与板的内叶板有30mm的突出部分,此部分为20mm宽度的拼缝,采用发泡聚乙烯棒(9)、专用密封胶(12)及专用嵌缝剂(13)进行封堵处理。
步骤4:板接缝灌浆施工:
WdW保温结构一体板(1)安装完成且竖向、内叶板下部四周全部封堵完成之后,板间灌浆通道(5)、板下部内凹通道(7)以及板上部内凹通道(6)整体的空腔全部连通,采用防水灌浆料(11)进行一次灌浆振捣,待板上部内凹钢筋搭接通道与板上部窗口标高一致时停止浇筑,进行抹面处理,至此若干块WdW保温结构一体板(1)将形成一个整体。
步骤5:外叶板(103)接缝施工:
内叶板(101)全部施工完成并达到规定要求强度之后,进行外叶板(103)接缝位置施工,采用发泡聚乙烯棒(9)及建筑密封胶(10)对接缝进行处理。
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