CN115075130A - Longitudinal anchoring system for seamless toothed rails on bridge and behind abutment and construction method - Google Patents
Longitudinal anchoring system for seamless toothed rails on bridge and behind abutment and construction method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115075130A CN115075130A CN202210638877.8A CN202210638877A CN115075130A CN 115075130 A CN115075130 A CN 115075130A CN 202210638877 A CN202210638877 A CN 202210638877A CN 115075130 A CN115075130 A CN 115075130A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- seamless
- anchoring device
- abutment
- bridge
- rack
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 158
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 84
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 84
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 241001669679 Eleotris Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
- E01D19/12—Grating or flooring for bridges; Fastening railway sleepers or tracks to bridges
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B25/00—Tracks for special kinds of railways
- E01B25/02—Tracks for rack railways
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B25/00—Tracks for special kinds of railways
- E01B25/02—Tracks for rack railways
- E01B25/04—Rack rails; Supports or connections for rack rails
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B29/00—Laying, rebuilding, or taking-up tracks; Tools or machines therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B29/00—Laying, rebuilding, or taking-up tracks; Tools or machines therefor
- E01B29/42—Undetachably joining or fastening track components in or on the track, e.g. by welding, by gluing; Pre-assembling track components by gluing; Sealing joints with filling components
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D21/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for erecting or assembling bridges
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
Abstract
A longitudinal anchoring system for seamless toothed rails on a bridge and behind an abutment and a construction method thereof are provided, so that the longitudinal stability of a seamless rack is ensured, and the deformation of the seamless rack caused by the expansion deformation of the bridge and the corner of a beam end is reduced to the greatest extent. The device comprises an on-bridge hinged rigid anchoring device, an abutment rear clamping type friction anchoring device and an abutment rear hinged rigid anchoring device; the upper hinged rigid anchoring device of the bridge is arranged at the fixed end of each beam body of the bridge, the upper end of the upper hinged rigid anchoring device is hinged with the seamless long rack, and the lower end of the upper hinged rigid anchoring device is connected with the beam body in an anchoring manner; the abutment rear clamping type friction anchoring devices are arranged at intervals along the line direction behind abutments at two ends of a bridge, the upper ends of the abutment rear clamping type friction anchoring devices are clamped and act on the end faces of two transverse sides of the seamless long rack to form friction pairs, and the lower parts of the abutment rear clamping type friction anchoring devices are embedded and fixed in a roadbed; the abutment rear hinged rigid anchoring device is arranged behind the abutment rear clamping type friction anchoring devices at the far ends of the two sides and is arranged at intervals along the line direction, the upper end of the abutment rear hinged rigid anchoring device is hinged with the seamless long rack, and the lower portion of the abutment rear hinged rigid anchoring device is buried and fixed in the roadbed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of rail engineering, and particularly relates to a longitudinal anchoring system for seamless tooth rails on a bridge and behind an abutment and a construction method.
Background
The rack-and-rail railway is a railway system with strong climbing capability and suitable for hard mountainous areas, and is characterized in that a rack parallel to a steel rail is laid in the middle of a track, a driving gear corresponding to the rack is arranged on a train, and the problem of insufficient adhesive force between steel wheels and the steel rail can be solved by the engaging force between the rack and the driving gear. Therefore, the toothed rail railway has stronger climbing capability than the traditional railway.
The early rack-and-rail railway adopts the seamed rack, is influenced by the deformation of a lower structure, and at the joint of the rack, the tooth pitch precision of the rack is difficult to guarantee, so that the meshing between the rack and the gear is influenced, the impact at the joint is large, the comfort of the running of a train is influenced, and the phenomenon of gear jamming can be even caused in severe conditions. The seamless rack is adopted, the rack joint is eliminated to the maximum extent, the method is an effective way for fundamentally solving the problem and is also the main development trend of the domestic external gear rail railway.
After the rack is seamless, because the seamless rack is very long, when the temperature changes, the rack can not freely stretch out and draw back due to the constraint action of the fastener or the resistance of the track bed, and the bridge structure at the lower part of the rack can stretch out and draw back along with the change of the temperature. Due to the telescopic deformation of the bridge, relative displacement can be generated between the bridge and the rack, and the relative displacement can generate additional longitudinal additional force action on the rack, namely telescopic additional force. When the additional force of extension and contraction is too large, the rack can be deformed and even broken. From the perspective of reducing the telescopic additional force, the longitudinal connection between the rack and the bridge is required to be weakened as much as possible.
On the other hand, however, the rack is easy to move longitudinally due to the large gradient of the rack-rail railway and the direct bearing of the rack on the traction force and the braking force acted on the rack by the train driving gear, which affects the driving safety. From the perspective of preventing the rack from moving longitudinally, the rack and the bridge are required to be firmly and longitudinally connected.
How to deal with the contradiction is an urgent problem to be solved in the seamless rack technology.
The research on the anchoring mode of the toothed rail railway in China is less. The traditional anchoring modes of foreign tooth rail railways mainly include two modes, one mode is that waste steel rails are vertically inserted into a roadbed, wing plates are welded on two sides of a rack, and the upper ends of the waste steel rails are in rigid contact with the wing plates on two sides of the rack so as to stop the longitudinal movement of the rack. The other mode is that a square steel pipe is vertically inserted into the roadbed, the top of the square steel pipe is connected with the rack through a steel cable, and the longitudinal movement of the rack is restrained by the tensile force of the steel cable. The disadvantages of the two anchoring modes are as follows: firstly, anchoring is carried out by vertically inserting steel rails or steel pipes into a roadbed, and the method can only be applied to the roadbed and cannot be applied to a bridge; secondly, only one-way play of the rack can be restrained through one-way stopping or pulling, the seamless rack and the lower foundation thereof are in two directions under the condition of temperature change, and the traditional anchoring mode cannot adapt to the characteristic. In conclusion, the traditional anchoring mode can only be applied to the seam racks on the roadbed and cannot be applied to the seam-free racks on the bridge.
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a longitudinal anchoring system which can not only effectively ensure the longitudinal limit of the rack, but also reduce the influence of the expansion deformation of the bridge on the seamless rack.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a longitudinal anchoring system for a seamless rack rail on a bridge and behind an abutment, so that the longitudinal stability of the seamless rack is ensured, and the deformation of the seamless rack caused by the expansion deformation of the bridge and the corner of a beam end is reduced to the greatest extent.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the invention relates to a longitudinal anchoring system for seamless tooth rails on a bridge and behind an abutment, which is characterized in that: the device comprises an on-bridge hinged rigid anchoring device, an abutment rear clamping type friction anchoring device and an abutment rear hinged rigid anchoring device; the upper hinged rigid anchoring device of the bridge is arranged at the fixed end of each beam body of the bridge, the upper end of the upper hinged rigid anchoring device is hinged with the seamless long rack, and the lower end of the upper hinged rigid anchoring device is connected with the beam body in an anchoring manner; the abutment rear clamping type friction anchoring devices are arranged at intervals along the line direction behind abutments at two ends of a bridge, the upper ends of the abutment rear clamping type friction anchoring devices are clamped and act on the end faces of two transverse sides of the seamless long rack to form friction pairs, and the lower parts of the abutment rear clamping type friction anchoring devices are embedded and fixed in a roadbed; the abutment rear hinged rigid anchoring device is arranged behind the abutment rear clamping type friction anchoring devices at the far ends of the two sides at intervals along the line direction, the upper end of the abutment rear hinged rigid anchoring device is hinged with the seamless long rack, and the lower portion of the abutment rear hinged rigid anchoring device is buried and fixed in the roadbed.
Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for installing the above longitudinal anchoring system for seamless tooth rails on and behind the bridge abutment, the method comprising the steps of:
s01, constructing lower structures of an upper hinged rigid anchoring device, a rear abutment clamping type friction anchoring device and a rear abutment hinged rigid anchoring device on a bridge at designed positions of a beam body and roadbed at two sides of the bridge;
s02, hoisting a track panel assembled by a steel rail, a sleeper and a steel rail fastener in place, and paving the track panel on a beam body and the top surface of a roadbed;
s03, paving the granular ballast, lifting the track panel to a designed elevation through a small gantry crane, finely adjusting the track panel, tamping the granular ballast, and finishing paving the ballast track;
s04, conveying the seamless long rack with the length of 200 and 500m welded in a factory or a welding rail base to a rail laying working surface through a rail car, and laying the seamless long rack;
s05, welding the steel rail to form a seamless long rail bar with the length close to that of the seamless long rack, and aligning the positions of the seamless long rail bar;
s06, taking the length of 1000-2000 m as a unit track section, welding the seamless long rack and the seamless long track bar into a seamless track through field welding, and locking the seamless track at the same locking track temperature in the same time period;
s07, constructing the upper structures of the hinged rigid anchoring device on the bridge, the abutment rear clamping type friction anchoring device and the abutment rear hinged type rigid anchoring device from top to bottom at the temperature of the locking rail;
and S08, carrying out secondary tamping on the bulk ballast around the lower structure of the hinged rigid anchoring device on the bridge, the abutment rear clamping type friction anchoring device and the abutment rear hinged rigid anchoring device to finish construction.
The beneficial effects of the invention are mainly reflected in the following aspects:
firstly, a hinged rigid anchoring device is arranged at the fixed end of a bridge, so that the traction force and the braking force of a train driving gear acting on a seamless rack and the longitudinal component force of the dead weight of the train on a large slope are transmitted to a pier or a bridge abutment through a bridge fixed support in time, the rack can be effectively prevented from moving longitudinally, and the longitudinal stability of the rack is ensured; the hinged rigid anchoring device on the bridge is only arranged at the fixed end of the bridge, and the telescopic deformation of the fixed end of the bridge is small, so that the influence of the telescopic deformation of the bridge on the rack is reduced to the greatest extent; the hinged rigid anchoring device on the bridge is connected with the rack by a pin shaft, and the hinged rigid anchoring device on the bridge and the rack can rotate relatively to prevent the corner of the beam end from being transmitted to the rack through the anchoring device;
secondly, a clamping type friction anchoring device and a hinged type rigid anchoring device are arranged in the roadbed behind the abutment, so that longitudinal force (including temperature force inside the rack, unbalanced train traction force or braking force, stretching force transmitted to the rack from a bridge to a ballast bed and the like) accumulated inside the seamless rack is uniformly and dispersedly transmitted to the roadbed through the clamping type friction anchoring device; the remaining unbalanced longitudinal forces are finally taken up by the articulated rigid anchoring means and anchored in the subgrade.
And thirdly, the abutment rear clamping type friction anchoring device adopts a specially-made clamping device, the structure is simple, the manufacturing cost is low, the frictional resistance is large, the frictional resistance is adjustable, and the friction plate is easy to replace.
Fourthly, by means of the measures, the longitudinal stability of the rack is guaranteed, and the rack deformation caused by bridge expansion deformation and beam end corner is reduced to the maximum extent.
Fifthly, a construction method of the seamless rack rail and the longitudinal anchoring system which can meet the requirements of economy and rack precision is provided, namely, firstly, a standard-length rack is welded into a seamless long rack of 200-500 m through factory welding or base welding, so that the number of site welding of the rack is reduced, and the overall welding precision of the rack is improved; secondly, directly welding the 25m fixed-length long steel rail into a seamless long rail bar with the length close to that of the seamless long rack through site welding, so that the long steel rail is prevented from being replaced and paved, and the economical efficiency is considered; then welding the seamless long rack and the seamless long rail bar into a seamless line by site welding to complete locking; and finally, after the seamless track is locked, constructing the longitudinal anchoring device of the seamless rack in a top-down mode at the temperature of the locking rail so as to ensure that the anchoring device is positioned accurately.
Drawings
The specification includes the following fourteen drawings:
FIG. 1 is a general layout of a seamless rack longitudinal anchoring system on and behind an abutment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an elevation view of the articulated rigid anchoring device on the bridge;
FIG. 3 is a side view of the articulated rigid anchoring means on the bridge;
FIG. 4 is an elevation view of the abutment rear clamp-on friction anchor;
FIG. 5 is a side view of the abutment rear clamp-on friction anchor;
FIG. 6 is a pictorial view of a friction plate;
FIG. 7 is an elevation view of the rigid anchor of the articulated type behind the abutment;
FIG. 8 is a side view of the rigid anchor of the articulated type behind the abutment;
FIG. 9 is a top plan view of the construction process of the articulated rigid anchoring device on the bridge;
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing the construction of the articulated rigid anchoring means on the bridge;
FIG. 11 is a top plan view of the abutment rear clamp type friction anchoring device during construction;
FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the abutment rear clamp type friction anchoring device in the process of construction;
FIG. 13 is a top plan view of the abutment rear articulated rigid anchor construction process;
FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the abutment rear articulated rigid anchor construction process;
the figures show the main component names and the corresponding labels: the bridge comprises a beam body 10, an abutment 11, a pier 12, a roadbed 13, a granular ballast 14, a seamless long rack 20, a steel rail 21, a sleeper 22, a steel rail fastener 23, a rack fastener 24, an on-bridge hinged rigid anchoring device 30, a first upright post 31, a first steel bar 32, a first pin shaft assembly 33, an L-shaped embedded steel bar 34, an annular steel bar 35, an abutment rear clamping type friction anchoring device 40, a second upright post 41, a second steel bar 42, a bolt assembly 43, a friction plate 44, a limiting groove 45, an abutment rear hinged rigid anchoring device 50, a third upright post 51, a third steel bar 52, a third pin shaft assembly 53, a semi-cylindrical template 60, a temporary supporting block 61 and a construction boundary 62.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
Referring to fig. 1, the longitudinal anchoring system for seamless tooth rails on and behind bridge abutment of the present invention comprises an on-bridge hinged rigid anchoring device 30, an abutment rear clamping friction anchoring device 40 and an abutment rear hinged rigid anchoring device 50. The hinged rigid anchoring device 30 on the bridge is arranged at the fixed end of each beam body 10 of the bridge, the upper end of the hinged rigid anchoring device is hinged with the seamless long rack 20, and the lower end of the hinged rigid anchoring device is connected with the beam body 10 in an anchoring manner. The abutment rear clamping type friction anchoring devices 40 are arranged behind the abutments 11 at two ends of the bridge at intervals along the line direction, the upper ends of the abutment rear clamping type friction anchoring devices are clamped to act on the end faces of the two transverse sides of the seamless long rack 20 to form friction pairs, and the lower portions of the abutment rear clamping type friction anchoring devices are buried and fixed in the roadbed 13. The abutment rear hinged rigid anchoring device 50 is arranged behind the abutment rear clamping type friction anchoring device 40 at the far ends of the two sides at intervals along the line direction, the upper end of the abutment rear hinged rigid anchoring device is hinged with the seamless long rack 20, and the lower part of the abutment rear hinged rigid anchoring device is buried and fixed in the roadbed 13.
Referring to fig. 1, the articulated rigid anchoring device 30 on the bridge enables the traction force and the braking force of the train driving gear acting on the seamless long rack 20 and the longitudinal component force of the self weight of the train on the large slope to be transmitted to the pier 12 or the abutment 11 in time through the fixed support of the beam body 10, so that the longitudinal movement of the seamless long rack 20 can be effectively prevented, and the longitudinal stability of the seamless long rack 20 is ensured. The hinged rigid anchoring device 30 on the bridge is only arranged at the fixed end of the bridge, and the telescopic deformation of the fixed end of the bridge is small, so that the influence of the telescopic deformation of the bridge on the rack is reduced to the greatest extent. The hinged rigid anchoring device 30 on the bridge is connected with the seamless long rack 20 by a pin shaft assembly, and the hinged rigid anchoring device 30 on the bridge and the seamless long rack 20 can rotate relatively to each other, so that the corner of the beam end can be prevented from being transmitted to the seamless long rack 20 through the hinged rigid anchoring device 30 on the bridge. The foundation section behind the abutment is provided with an abutment rear clamping type friction anchoring device 40 and an abutment rear hinged type rigid anchoring device 50, so that longitudinal force (including rack internal temperature force, unbalanced train traction force or braking force, expansion force transmitted to the rack by the bridge through a ballast bed and the like) accumulated inside the seamless long rack 20 is uniformly and dispersedly transmitted to the foundation 13 through the abutment rear clamping type friction anchoring device 40, and the rest unbalanced longitudinal force is finally borne by the abutment rear hinged type rigid anchoring device 50 and transmitted to the foundation 13. By adopting the technical measures, the longitudinal stability of the seamless long rack 20 is ensured, and the deformation of the seamless long rack 20 caused by the expansion deformation of a bridge and the corner of a beam end is reduced to the greatest extent.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the body of the articulated rigid anchoring device 30 on the bridge includes a first upright 31 and a set of first steel bars 32 that form a grip on both lateral end faces of the seamless long rack 20. The lower part of the first steel bar 32 extends into the first upright 31 and is fixedly connected to form a whole, and the upper end is hinged to the seamless long rack 20 through the first pin assembly 33. The lower part of the first column 31 of the reinforced concrete structure is connected to the beam 10 by an anchor bar. The anchor reinforcing bar is along the L type embedded reinforcing bar 34 of circumferential interval arrangement, and in the vertical section of L type embedded reinforcing bar 34 extended into first stand 31, and with vertical interval arrangement's annular reinforcing bar 35 fixed connection, the horizontal section of L type embedded reinforcing bar 34 was the radial range of annular in roof beam body 10, and with the arrangement of reinforcement fixed connection of roof beam body 10.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the body of the abutment back-clamping type friction anchoring device 40 includes a second upright 41 and a set of second steel bars 42. The lower part of the second steel bar 42 extends into the second upright post 41 and is fixedly connected to form a whole, a friction plate 44 is arranged between the upper end and the end faces of two transverse sides of the rack 20, a bolt assembly 43 used for adjusting the clamping force of the second steel bar 42 is arranged below, and after operation for a plurality of years, the friction plate 44 can be rapidly drawn out and replaced by loosening the bolt assembly 43. The lower part of the second column 41 of reinforced concrete structure is buried and fixed in the roadbed 13. Referring to fig. 6, the inner side surface of the friction plate 44 is a plane contacting with the end surfaces of the two lateral sides of the rack 20, the upper end and the two lateral sides of the outer side surface have outward-protruding flanges, a limit groove 45 adapted to the inner side wall of the upper end of the second steel bar 42 is formed between the three flanges, and the friction plate 44 is made of a high polymer material (such as rubber or a rubber-plastic elastomer) with a large friction force to increase the frictional resistance with the seamless long rack 20.
Referring to fig. 7 and 8, the main body of the abutment rear hinge type rigid anchoring device 50 comprises a third upright 51 and a set of third steel bars 52 for clamping the two lateral side end faces of the seamless long rack 20; the lower part of the group of third steel bars 52 extends into the third upright 51 and is fixedly connected to form a whole, and the upper end is hinged with the seamless long rack 20 through a third pin shaft assembly 53; the lower part of the third column 51 of a reinforced concrete structure is buried and fixed in the roadbed 13.
Referring to fig. 3 and 8, the first and third pin assemblies 33, 53 generally include a pin, a spacer, and a pin. Referring to fig. 5, the bolt assembly 43 generally includes a bolt and a lock nut.
Referring to fig. 9 to 14, the installation method of the seamless rack longitudinal anchoring system on the bridge and behind the abutment of the invention comprises the following steps:
s01, constructing lower structures of an upper hinged rigid anchoring device 30, a rear abutment clamping type friction anchoring device 40 and a rear abutment hinged rigid anchoring device 50 on a bridge at designed positions of a beam body 10 and roadbed 13 on two sides of the bridge;
s02, assembling a rail panel formed by assembling a steel rail 21, a sleeper 22 and a steel rail fastener 23 in place, and paving the rail panel on the top surfaces of the beam body 10 and the roadbed 13;
s03, paving the granular ballast 14, lifting the track panel to a designed elevation through a small gantry crane, finely adjusting the track panel, tamping the granular ballast 14, and finishing paving of the ballast track;
s04, conveying the seamless long rack 20 with the length of 200 and 500m welded in a factory or a welding rail base to a rail laying working surface through a rail car, and laying the seamless long rack 20;
s05, welding the steel rail 21 to form a seamless long rail bar with the length close to that of the seamless long rack 20, and aligning the positions;
s06, taking the length of 1000-2000 m as a unit track section, welding the seamless long rack 20 and the seamless long track bar into a seamless line through field welding, and locking the seamless line at the same locking track temperature in the same time period;
s07, constructing the upper structures of the hinged rigid anchoring device 30 on the bridge, the abutment rear clamping type friction anchoring device 40 and the abutment rear hinged rigid anchoring device 50 from top to bottom at the temperature of the locking rail;
and S08, secondarily tamping the granular ballast 14 around the lower structure of the hinged rigid anchoring device 30 on the bridge, the clamped friction anchoring device 40 behind the bridge abutment and the hinged rigid anchoring device 50 behind the bridge abutment to finish construction.
For the articulated rigid anchoring device 30 on the bridge, the "substructure" refers to the anchoring connection portion of the first upright 31 and the beam body 10, and the "superstructure" refers to the main body of the first upright 31 and the first steel bar 32 anchored in the concrete of the first upright 31, and the first pin shaft assembly 33 mounted on the first steel bar 32. With respect to the abutment rear clamp type friction anchoring device 40 and the abutment rear hinge type rigid anchoring device 50, the "substructure" refers to a previously cast portion of the second and third columns 41, 51 below the construction boundary 62, and the superstructure "refers to a portion above the construction boundary 62, including upper portions of the second and third columns 41, 51, and the second steel bar 42 anchored in the concrete of the second column 41, the third steel bar 52 anchored in the third column 51, and the bolt assembly 43 and the friction plate 44 mounted on the second steel bar 42, and the third pin shaft assembly 53 mounted on the third steel bar 52.
Referring to fig. 9 and 10, the articulated rigid anchoring device 30 on the bridge is constructed as follows:
firstly, when the beam body 10 is constructed, L-shaped embedded steel bars 34 are embedded at the fixed ends of the beam body, the transverse sections of the lower parts of the L-shaped embedded steel bars 34 are firmly bound with the reinforcing bars of the beam body 10, and then the beam body 10 is cast with concrete to complete bridge construction;
binding annular reinforcing steel bars 35 at the position of the L-shaped embedded reinforcing steel bars 34 at the fixed end of the beam body 10 to form a reinforcing cage;
thirdly, installing the semi-cylindrical templates 60, forming a cylindrical template by the left semi-cylindrical template 60 and the right semi-cylindrical template 60, and preventing the ballast from entering the cylindrical template in the paving process of the granular ballast 14;
after the ballasted track is paved and the seamless long rack 20 and the seamless long rail bar are locked, a first steel bar 32 is fixedly installed and hinged with the seamless long rack 20 through a first pin shaft assembly 33;
fifthly, pouring concrete into the cylindrical templates to form a first concrete upright column 31, dismantling the two semi-cylindrical templates 60 after the concrete reaches the designed strength, and drawing out the semi-cylindrical templates from the granular ballast 14.
Referring to fig. 11 and 12, the construction of the abutment rear clamp type friction anchoring device 40 is as follows:
firstly, drilling holes in the roadbed 13 at the arrangement position, wherein the diameter of each drilled hole is equal to the diameter of the second upright post 41, the depth of each drilled hole is equal to the burial depth of the second upright post 41, then binding the annular steel bars and the vertical steel bars to form a steel bar cage, placing the steel bar cage into the drilled holes, and pouring concrete to a construction boundary 62;
secondly, installing the semi-cylindrical templates 60, forming a cylindrical template by the left semi-cylindrical template 60 and the right semi-cylindrical template 60, and preventing the ballast from entering the cylindrical template in the paving process of the granular ballast 14;
thirdly, after the ballasted track is paved and the seamless long rack 20 and the seamless long rail are locked, a second steel bar 42, a friction plate 44 and a bolt assembly 43 are sequentially installed and fixed, and the clamping force of the second steel bar 42 on the friction plate 44 is adjusted through the bolt assembly 43; to ensure the clamping force, a temporary support block 61 may be placed between the two second bars 42, and then the nuts in the bolt assemblies 43 may be tightened.
And fourthly, pouring concrete into the cylindrical templates to form a second concrete upright post 41, dismantling the two semi-cylindrical templates 60 after the concrete reaches the designed strength, and drawing out the semi-cylindrical templates from the granular ballast 14.
Referring to fig. 13 and 14, the abutment rear hinge type rigid anchoring device 50 is constructed as follows:
firstly, drilling holes in the roadbed 13 at the arrangement position, wherein the diameter of each drilled hole is equal to the diameter of the third upright post 51, the depth of each drilled hole is equal to the burial depth of the third upright post 51, then binding annular steel bars and vertical steel bars to form a steel bar cage, placing the steel bar cage into the drilled holes, and pouring concrete to a construction boundary 62;
secondly, installing the semi-cylindrical templates 60, forming a cylindrical template by the left semi-cylindrical template 60 and the right semi-cylindrical template 60, and preventing the ballast from entering the cylindrical template in the paving process of the granular ballast 14;
thirdly, after the ballasted track is paved and the seamless long rack 20 and the seamless long rail bar are locked, a third steel bar 52 is fixedly installed and hinged with the seamless long rack 20 through a third pin shaft assembly 53;
and fourthly, pouring concrete into the cylindrical formworks to form a third concrete upright 51, dismantling the two semi-cylindrical formworks 60 after the concrete reaches the designed strength, and drawing out the semi-cylindrical formworks from the granular ballast 14.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a seamless cogged rail vertical anchor system on bridge and abutment back which characterized by: comprises an on-bridge hinged rigid anchoring device (30), an abutment rear clamping type friction anchoring device (40) and an abutment rear hinged rigid anchoring device (50); the hinged rigid anchoring device (30) on the bridge is arranged at the fixed end of each beam body (10) of the bridge, the upper end of the hinged rigid anchoring device is hinged with the seamless long rack (20), and the lower end of the hinged rigid anchoring device is in anchoring connection with the beam body (10); the abutment rear clamping type friction anchoring devices (40) are arranged behind abutments (11) at two ends of a bridge at intervals along the line direction, the upper ends of the abutment rear clamping type friction anchoring devices clamp on the end faces of two transverse sides of the seamless long rack (20) to form friction pairs, and the lower parts of the abutment rear clamping type friction anchoring devices are buried and fixed in a roadbed (13); the abutment rear hinged rigid anchoring devices (50) are arranged behind the abutment rear clamping type friction anchoring devices (40) at the far ends of the two sides at intervals along the line direction, the upper ends of the abutment rear hinged rigid anchoring devices are hinged with the seamless long rack (20), and the lower portions of the abutment rear hinged rigid anchoring devices are buried and fixed in the roadbed (13).
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the longitudinal anchoring system comprises: the main body of the hinged rigid anchoring device (30) on the bridge comprises a first upright post (31) and a group of first steel bars (32) for clamping the end faces of two transverse sides of the seamless long rack (20); the lower part of the group of first steel bars (32) extends into the first upright post (31) and is fixedly connected to form a whole, and the upper end of the group of first steel bars is hinged with the seamless long rack (20) through a first pin shaft assembly (33); the lower part of a first upright post (31) adopting a reinforced concrete structure forms anchoring connection with a beam body (10) through an anchoring steel bar.
3. The system of claim 2, wherein the longitudinal anchoring system comprises: the anchor reinforcing bar is along L type embedded reinforcing bar (34) of circumference interval arrangement, and in the vertical section of L type embedded reinforcing bar (34) extended into first stand (31), and with vertical interval arrangement's annular reinforcing bar (35) fixed connection, the horizontal section of L type embedded reinforcing bar (34) was the radial range of annular in roof beam body (10), and with the arrangement of reinforcement fixed connection of roof beam body (10).
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the longitudinal anchoring system comprises: the main body of the abutment rear clamping type friction anchoring device (40) comprises a second upright (41) and a group of second steel bars (42); the lower part of the group of second steel bars (42) extends into the second upright post (41) and is fixedly connected to form a whole, a friction plate (44) is arranged between the upper end and the two transverse end faces of the rack (20), and a bolt assembly (43) for adjusting the clamping force of the group of second steel bars (42) is arranged below the friction plate; the lower part of a second upright post (41) adopting a reinforced concrete structure is buried and fixed in a roadbed (13).
5. The system of claim 4, wherein the longitudinal anchoring system comprises: the medial surface of friction disc (44) is the plane with the horizontal end face contact of rack (20), and the upper end and the horizontal both sides of lateral surface have the flange of evagination, form spacing groove (45) with the inside wall adaptation in second billet (42) upper end between three flanges.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein the longitudinal anchoring system comprises: the main body of the abutment rear hinged rigid anchoring device 50 comprises a third upright post (51) and a group of third steel bars (52) for clamping the end faces of two transverse sides of the seamless long rack (20); the lower part of the group of third steel bars (52) extends into the third upright post (51) and is fixedly connected to form a whole, and the upper end of the group of third steel bars is hinged with the seamless long rack (20) through a third pin shaft assembly (53); the lower part of a third column (51) adopting a reinforced concrete structure is buried and fixed in a roadbed (13).
7. A method of installing a seamless rack longitudinal anchoring system on a bridge and behind an abutment as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
s01, constructing lower structures of an upper hinged rigid anchoring device (30), a rear clamping type friction anchoring device (40) and a rear hinged rigid anchoring device (50) of an abutment at the designed positions of a beam body (10) and roadbed (13) at two sides of the bridge;
s02, assembling a track panel formed by assembling a steel rail (21), a sleeper (22) and a steel rail fastener (23) in place, and paving the track panel on the top surfaces of the beam body (10) and the roadbed (13);
s03, paving a granular ballast (14), lifting the track panel to a designed elevation through a small gantry crane, finely adjusting the track panel, tamping the granular ballast (14), and finishing paving of a ballast track;
s04, conveying the seamless long rack (20) with the length of 200-;
s05, welding the steel rail (21) to form a seamless long rail bar with the length close to that of the seamless long rack (20), and aligning the positions of the seamless long rail bar;
s06, taking the length of 1000-2000 m as a unit track section, welding the seamless long rack (20) and the seamless long track bar into a seamless track through construction site welding, and locking the seamless track at the same locking track temperature in the same time period;
s07, constructing the upper structures of an upper hinged rigid anchoring device (30), an abutment rear clamping type friction anchoring device (40) and an abutment rear hinged rigid anchoring device (50) from top to bottom at the temperature of a locking rail;
and S08, carrying out secondary tamping on the scattered particle ballast (14) on the periphery of the lower structure of the hinged rigid anchoring device (30) on the bridge, the abutment rear clamping type friction anchoring device (40) and the abutment rear hinged type rigid anchoring device (50) to finish construction.
8. Method for the installation of a longitudinal anchoring system for seamless tooth rails on bridges and behind abutments according to claim 7, characterized in that the construction of said rigid articulated anchoring means (30) on bridges comprises the following steps:
firstly, when a beam body (10) is constructed, L-shaped embedded steel bars (34) are embedded at the fixed end of the beam body, the transverse section of the lower part of each L-shaped embedded steel bar (34) is firmly bound with the reinforcing bars of the beam body (10), and then concrete is poured on the beam body (10) to complete bridge construction;
secondly, binding annular steel bars (35) at the position of the L-shaped embedded steel bars (34) at the fixed end of the beam body (10) to form a steel bar cage;
installing the semi-cylindrical templates (60), forming a cylindrical template by the left semi-cylindrical template (60) and the right semi-cylindrical template (60), and preventing the ballast from entering the cylindrical template in the paving process of the granular ballast (14);
fourthly, after the ballasted track is paved and the seamless long rack (20) and the seamless long rail are locked, a first steel bar (32) is installed and fixed and is hinged with the seamless long rack (20) through a first pin shaft assembly (33);
and fifthly, pouring concrete into the cylindrical templates to form a first concrete upright post (31), dismantling the two semi-cylindrical templates (60) after the concrete reaches the designed strength, and drawing out the semi-cylindrical templates from the granular ballast (14).
9. Method for installing a longitudinal anchoring system for seamless tooth rails on and behind bridges according to claim 7, characterized in that the construction steps of said friction anchoring device (40) of the abutment back-clamp type are as follows:
drilling holes in the roadbed (13) at the arrangement position, wherein the diameter of each drilled hole is equal to the diameter of the second upright post (41), the drilling depth is equal to the burial depth of the second upright post (41), then binding the annular steel bars and the vertical steel bars to form a steel reinforcement cage, placing the steel reinforcement cage into the drilled holes, and pouring concrete to a construction boundary (62);
secondly, installing semi-cylindrical templates (60), forming a cylindrical template by a left semi-cylindrical template and a right semi-cylindrical template (60), and preventing ballast from entering the cylindrical template in the paving process of the granular ballast (14);
thirdly, after the ballasted track is paved and the seamless long rack (20) and the seamless long rail are locked, a second steel bar (42), a friction plate (44) and a bolt assembly (43) are sequentially installed and fixed, and the clamping force of the second steel bar (42) to the friction plate (44) is adjusted through the bolt assembly (43);
and fourthly, pouring concrete into the cylindrical templates to form a second concrete upright post (41), dismantling the two semi-cylindrical templates (60) after the concrete reaches the designed strength, and drawing out the semi-cylindrical templates from the granular ballast (14).
10. A method of installing a longitudinal rail anchoring system on a bridge and behind an abutment without a slot according to claim 7, wherein said rigid anchoring means 50 of the abutment articulated type are constructed by the following steps:
drilling holes in the set position on the roadbed (13), wherein the diameter of each drilled hole is equal to the diameter of a third upright post (51), the depth of each drilled hole is equal to the buried depth of the third upright post (51), then binding annular steel bars and vertical steel bars to form a steel reinforcement cage, placing the steel reinforcement cage into the drilled holes, and pouring concrete to a construction boundary (62);
secondly, installing semi-cylindrical templates (60), forming a cylindrical template by a left semi-cylindrical template and a right semi-cylindrical template (60), and preventing ballast from entering the cylindrical template in the paving process of the granular ballast (14);
thirdly, after the ballasted track is paved and the seamless long rack (20) and the seamless long rail bar are locked, a third steel bar (52) is installed and fixed and is hinged with the seamless long rack (20) through a third pin shaft assembly (53);
and fourthly, pouring concrete into the cylindrical formworks to form a third concrete upright post (51), dismantling the two semi-cylindrical formworks (60) after the concrete reaches the designed strength, and drawing out the semi-cylindrical formworks from the granular ballast (14).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210638877.8A CN115075130B (en) | 2022-06-08 | 2022-06-08 | Longitudinal anchoring system of seamless toothed rail on bridge and behind bridge abutment and construction method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210638877.8A CN115075130B (en) | 2022-06-08 | 2022-06-08 | Longitudinal anchoring system of seamless toothed rail on bridge and behind bridge abutment and construction method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115075130A true CN115075130A (en) | 2022-09-20 |
| CN115075130B CN115075130B (en) | 2024-05-28 |
Family
ID=83251210
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210638877.8A Active CN115075130B (en) | 2022-06-08 | 2022-06-08 | Longitudinal anchoring system of seamless toothed rail on bridge and behind bridge abutment and construction method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN115075130B (en) |
Citations (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH671164A5 (en) * | 1985-01-19 | 1989-08-15 | Utz Ag Georg | Section of track for miniature railway - incorporates toothed rack between parallel rails fixed to sleepers |
| CH691185A5 (en) * | 1995-02-27 | 2001-05-15 | Tensol Rail Sa | Lead=on arrangement for toothed bar for rack railway, includes leading section of toothed bar movable in its length direction |
| CN200978136Y (en) * | 2006-11-29 | 2007-11-21 | 宁夏天地奔牛实业集团有限公司 | Coupling device for gear wheel and rack rail base |
| KR20160004491A (en) * | 2014-07-02 | 2016-01-13 | 한국철도기술연구원 | vibration decrease structure of rack gear for mountain railways |
| KR20160127280A (en) * | 2015-04-24 | 2016-11-03 | 한국철도기술연구원 | sturcture of railway for mountain railways |
| CN108149529A (en) * | 2018-01-23 | 2018-06-12 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | A kind of not parking three-stage wheel track-rack rails transition apparatus for rack rails traffic system |
| CN108360311A (en) * | 2018-01-23 | 2018-08-03 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | A kind of cogwheel railway wheel track-rack rails transition apparatus |
| CN109778690A (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2019-05-21 | 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Seamless rack rails fixed connection component on long steep grade route bridge |
| KR20200075960A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2020-06-29 | 한국철도기술연구원 | Rail turnout for mountain railway vehicle with heating apparatus) |
| CN111501431A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-08-07 | 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司 | Rack guide-in device and rack rail |
| CN112458897A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-03-09 | 同济大学 | High-speed magnetic suspension long-span cable-stayed bridge upper track beam forward-to-bridge positioning system |
| CN113047093A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-06-29 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Tooth transition device is gone into to vertical movable |
| CN113215871A (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2021-08-06 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Toothed rail fastener system for concrete sleeper |
| CN113306596A (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2021-08-27 | 成都西南交大海德科技有限公司 | Movable rack connecting device with limiting function for rack turnout area |
| CN114318967A (en) * | 2022-01-05 | 2022-04-12 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Ballastless track tooth track connecting system for large-gradient simply-supported bridge |
| CN114351514A (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2022-04-15 | 重庆交通大学 | Be used for regional tooth pitch adjusting device in Strub formula cogged rail railway bridge clearance |
| KR20220061293A (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2022-05-13 | 한국철도기술연구원 | sturcture of railway for mountain railways |
-
2022
- 2022-06-08 CN CN202210638877.8A patent/CN115075130B/en active Active
Patent Citations (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH671164A5 (en) * | 1985-01-19 | 1989-08-15 | Utz Ag Georg | Section of track for miniature railway - incorporates toothed rack between parallel rails fixed to sleepers |
| CH691185A5 (en) * | 1995-02-27 | 2001-05-15 | Tensol Rail Sa | Lead=on arrangement for toothed bar for rack railway, includes leading section of toothed bar movable in its length direction |
| CN200978136Y (en) * | 2006-11-29 | 2007-11-21 | 宁夏天地奔牛实业集团有限公司 | Coupling device for gear wheel and rack rail base |
| KR20160004491A (en) * | 2014-07-02 | 2016-01-13 | 한국철도기술연구원 | vibration decrease structure of rack gear for mountain railways |
| KR20160127280A (en) * | 2015-04-24 | 2016-11-03 | 한국철도기술연구원 | sturcture of railway for mountain railways |
| CN108149529A (en) * | 2018-01-23 | 2018-06-12 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | A kind of not parking three-stage wheel track-rack rails transition apparatus for rack rails traffic system |
| CN108360311A (en) * | 2018-01-23 | 2018-08-03 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | A kind of cogwheel railway wheel track-rack rails transition apparatus |
| KR20200075960A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2020-06-29 | 한국철도기술연구원 | Rail turnout for mountain railway vehicle with heating apparatus) |
| CN109778690A (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2019-05-21 | 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Seamless rack rails fixed connection component on long steep grade route bridge |
| CN111501431A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-08-07 | 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司 | Rack guide-in device and rack rail |
| KR20220061293A (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2022-05-13 | 한국철도기술연구원 | sturcture of railway for mountain railways |
| CN112458897A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-03-09 | 同济大学 | High-speed magnetic suspension long-span cable-stayed bridge upper track beam forward-to-bridge positioning system |
| CN113047093A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-06-29 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Tooth transition device is gone into to vertical movable |
| CN113215871A (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2021-08-06 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Toothed rail fastener system for concrete sleeper |
| CN113306596A (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2021-08-27 | 成都西南交大海德科技有限公司 | Movable rack connecting device with limiting function for rack turnout area |
| CN114351514A (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2022-04-15 | 重庆交通大学 | Be used for regional tooth pitch adjusting device in Strub formula cogged rail railway bridge clearance |
| CN114318967A (en) * | 2022-01-05 | 2022-04-12 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Ballastless track tooth track connecting system for large-gradient simply-supported bridge |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| BUTLER, MEGHAN.: "Experience of Nontenured, Tenure-Track Faculty and Gatekeeping: A Qualitative Research Study", 31 December 2017 (2017-12-31) * |
| 蔡小培;高亮;孙汉武;曲村;: "桥上纵连板式无砟轨道无缝线路力学性能分析", 中国铁道科学, no. 06, 15 November 2011 (2011-11-15) * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN115075130B (en) | 2024-05-28 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| WO2017125028A1 (en) | Rail support beam low track and viaduct transition section structure for medium-low-speed magnetic suspension traffic project | |
| CN110219236B (en) | Prefabricated spliced pier column structure connected through slots and construction method thereof | |
| CN108914715B (en) | Assembly type ballastless track structure for vibration reduction zone and assembly method | |
| CN209798444U (en) | Truss sleeper type ballastless track for ultra-large-gradient toothed rail railway | |
| CN111270606A (en) | Connecting structure of assembled steel bridge floor concrete anti-collision guardrail and complete construction method thereof | |
| WO2012031459A1 (en) | Long segment structure of offshore high pile wharf | |
| KR100603901B1 (en) | Girder bridge construction make use of a part existing girder and that execution method | |
| CN109505200B (en) | Reinforcing construction process for railway anti-transverse-movement-free pile line passing through under large-span skew frame structure bridge | |
| CN210439155U (en) | Multi-layer continuous combined overhead beam | |
| RU2296830C1 (en) | Method and device for ballastless track construction | |
| CN115075130A (en) | Longitudinal anchoring system for seamless toothed rails on bridge and behind abutment and construction method | |
| US20050252985A1 (en) | Rail sleeper and ballast-free track structure | |
| CN110616634A (en) | Embedded assembled continuous supporting rail plate beam structure and production method | |
| RU2373317C2 (en) | Prestressed reinforced concrete slab for railway roads | |
| WO2017187461A1 (en) | Slab track, arranged in an overlapping manner on a slab foundation | |
| CN106400622A (en) | Repair structure for plate type ballastless track in turnout zone | |
| RU2352705C1 (en) | Method for installation of permanent way | |
| CN211079914U (en) | Embedded continuous supporting rail plate beam structure for assembly | |
| CN210482022U (en) | Prefabricated pier stud structure of assembling of slot-in type connection | |
| CN211200056U (en) | Longitudinal connection structure suitable for girder at bridge expansion joint | |
| CN209759904U (en) | integral broken line overhead device for small radius curve railway | |
| CN112012095A (en) | Beam slab in-situ prefabricating and mounting system and construction method thereof | |
| CN111926649A (en) | Reinforced integrally-built crossing plate for railway special line and line rail fixing device | |
| Simon et al. | A composite dowel bridge in the Czech Republic: Development, optimization and implementation of a railway bridge | |
| CN110835885A (en) | Bridgehead butt strap structure with adjustable warp |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |