CN115072874A

CN115072874A - Multifunctional ecological restoration device and water purification method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN115072874A
Application number: CN202210805921.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张瑞斌; 何君; 王乐阳; 潘卓兮; 谭晓莲; 张媛媛
Original assignee: Jiangsu Long Leaping Engineering Design Co ltd
Current assignee: Jiangsu Long Leaping Engineering Design Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-07-08
Filing date: 2022-07-08
Publication date: 2022-09-20
Anticipated expiration: 2042-07-08
Also published as: CN115072874B

Abstract

The invention provides a multifunctional ecological restoration device and a method for purifying water quality by using the same, and relates to the field of river treatment; the device comprises an ecological restoration bed which is enclosed by a floating bed carrier and a floating bed main body and has a hollow structure, and an intelligent monitoring unit for monitoring the water quality of the front section and the rear section of the ecological restoration bed; the floating bed main body comprises a floating bed frame body, a flow guide structure, biofilm culturing combined packing and a telescopic device, wherein the telescopic device comprises a moving box which reciprocates in the floating bed frame body along the vertical direction, and the moving box realizes the effect that the floating bed main body can lift along with the water level to automatically adjust the height of the device; consequently, this device can guarantee that river course lower floor space obtains effective utilization and purification when rich water phase, realizes that the water from the surface of water to the deep formula in aquatic administers and restores, guarantees that the concentration of river course lower floor space microorganism is concentrated when dry water phase, fully realizes ecological restoration bed treatment effeciency's very big promotion.

Description

Multifunctional ecological restoration device and water purification method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of river treatment, in particular to a multifunctional ecological restoration device and a water purification method thereof.

Background

As the human activities are increased, the living and industrial wastewater flows into rivers and lakes in an overload manner, the ecological environment of the water area is also influenced by hard revetments, hard bottoms and the like, and the problem of water eutrophication is highly valued by people. In view of such current situation, water quality improvement techniques have started to rise, and are roughly classified into physical methods, chemical methods, and bio-ecological methods. Generally, the physical method has the problems of high cost, temporary solution, non-permanent solution and the like, the chemical method has the problems of unstable treatment effect, secondary pollution easily caused by improper treatment and the like, and the biological-ecological technology becomes a main technical means for river and lake treatment due to the advantages of safety, economy, practicability, systematicness and the like.

The ecological restoration bed is a biological-ecological purification technology developed in recent years, and a group of water pollution biological treatment devices are formed by a microbial habitat consisting of plant absorption, microorganisms attached to plant root systems and aquatic animals, so that organic matters, nitrogen, phosphorus and harmful substances in eutrophic water are reduced, the purpose of purifying water quality is achieved, and meanwhile, a water landscape can be built. However, the floating bed structure is simply utilized, aquatic plants are planted on the water surface to directly absorb nutrients and pollutants in the water body, the water purification mode is single, only partial indexes of the water quality of rivers and lakes are improved, the utilization of the lower layer space of the water body is not considered, the water quality restoration of the water body space layer is neglected, particularly in the rich water period, the water level of the river channel rises, the ecological restoration bed floats upwards along with the water level, and the lower layer space cannot be effectively purified. Therefore, in order to improve the purification effect of the ecological floating bed, researchers take various strengthening measures, such as increasing aeration, developing novel fillers, combining with other technologies, and the like.

Aiming at the defects of the existing ecological restoration bed, the invention provides an ecological restoration bed process capable of realizing comprehensive and efficient restoration of the spatial hierarchy of the river water body.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a multifunctional ecological restoration device and a water purification method thereof, wherein the device can automatically adjust the height of the device along with the lifting of a water level, so that the device can effectively utilize and purify the lower layer space of a river channel in a rich water period when used for water purification, realize the deep treatment and restoration of a water body from the water surface to the water, ensure the concentration of microorganisms in the lower layer space of the river channel to be concentrated in a poor water period, and greatly improve the treatment efficiency of an ecological restoration bed.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a multifunctional ecological restoration device comprises a floating bed carrier, a floating bed main body and an intelligent monitoring unit, wherein aquatic plants are planted on the floating bed carrier, the floating bed main body is fixedly arranged below the floating bed carrier, the floating bed main body and the lower surface of the floating bed carrier enclose an ecological restoration bed with a hollow structure, and the intelligent monitoring unit is used for monitoring the water quality of the front section and the rear section of the ecological restoration bed;

the floating bed main body comprises a floating bed frame body with a hollow interior, a flow guide structure which is positioned at the bottom of the floating bed frame body and extends towards the interior of the floating bed frame body, a biological hanging film combined filler arranged at the bottom of the flow guide structure and a telescopic device for connecting the floating bed frame body to the river bottom;

the floating bed frame body comprises a first packing cavity and a second packing cavity which are divided by a vertical partition plate to form a shape like a Chinese character 'hui', and the first packing cavity is positioned at the periphery of the second packing cavity; the peripheral outer walls of the first packing cavity and the second packing cavity are respectively and uniformly distributed with first permeable holes and second permeable holes, and packing is respectively filled in the first permeable holes and the second permeable holes;

the top of the telescopic device extends into the floating bed frame from the opening, and the telescopic device comprises an elastic cavity, a moving box, a plurality of fixing rod devices and a filter screen, wherein the top of the elastic cavity is connected with the first packing cavity and the second packing cavity, the elastic cavity is filled with porous water absorbing materials, the moving box is positioned below the elastic cavity, two ends of the fixing rod devices are respectively connected with the moving box and the river bottom, and the filter screen is connected with the bottom of the floating bed frame and the bottom of the moving box in a sealing manner; third water permeable holes are uniformly and densely distributed in the peripheral outer wall of the movable box, immobilized bacteria and algae filler is filled in the third water permeable holes, the bottom of the third water permeable holes extends downwards from an opening in the bottom of the floating bed frame body, and first extending parts extending back to back are arranged on two sides of the top of the third water permeable holes;

the movable box has the freedom degree of reciprocating movement in the floating bed frame body along the vertical direction, two sides of an opening at the bottom of the floating bed frame body are provided with second extending parts which extend in opposite directions, and when the movable box moves downwards, the second extending parts are limited in the first extending parts.

Furthermore, the ecological restoration bed also comprises an intelligent facility cavity arranged at the bottom of the floating bed carrier, and the intelligent facility cavity is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the floating bed carrier;

the intelligent monitoring unit comprises a water quality monitoring unit, a first sensor and a second sensor; the water quality monitoring unit is vertically arranged, the bottom of the water quality monitoring unit penetrates through the floating bed carrier and then is fixedly arranged in the intelligent facility cavity, and the top of the water quality monitoring unit is positioned above the floating bed carrier; one end of the first sensor is connected to the water quality monitoring unit, and the other end of the first sensor penetrates through the floating bed carrier and is arranged at the front section of the ecological restoration bed and used for measuring the water quality of the inlet water of the ecological restoration bed; one end of the second sensor is connected with the water quality monitoring unit, and the other end of the second sensor penetrates through the floating bed carrier and is arranged at the rear section of the ecological restoration bed for measuring the effluent quality of the ecological restoration bed.

Further, a stirring device is also arranged in the hollow structure of the ecological restoration bed;

the stirring device comprises a driving device arranged in the intelligent facility cavity and a stirring impeller positioned outside the intelligent facility cavity, and the stirring impeller rotates in the horizontal direction; the stirring impeller is provided with a connecting rod, one end of the connecting rod is symmetrically provided with a spherical body, the middle part of the connecting rod is connected with the driving device, and the outer surface of the spherical body is provided with a plurality of aeration holes.

Furthermore, the flow guide structure is a hollow quadrangular frustum pyramid with a small upper part and a large lower part, the bottom of the hollow quadrangular frustum pyramid is connected to the bottom of the second packing cavity, and the top of the hollow quadrangular frustum pyramid is connected to the bottom of the second packing cavity, extends into the floating bed frame body and is located below the stirring impeller.

Furthermore, the ecological restoration bed also comprises a plurality of uplift piles arranged on the periphery of the ecological restoration bed;

the uplift pile comprises a pile body and a sliding block, wherein the pile body is vertically arranged, the sliding block is in a T-shaped structure, the upper end of the pile body is provided with a sliding groove, the opening of the sliding groove faces the ecological restoration bed, and the bottom end of the pile body is provided with a pile tip in a pyramid structure;

first limiting blocks and second limiting blocks positioned below the first limiting blocks are arranged in the sliding groove at intervals in the vertical direction, the sliding block is arranged between the first limiting blocks and the second limiting blocks on the sliding groove in a sliding mode, and one end, far away from the sliding groove, of the sliding block is fixedly connected to the floating bed frame body;

when the movable box moves downwards in the floating bed frame until the second extension part abuts against the first extension part, the position of the sliding block in the sliding groove is higher than the position of the second limiting block; when the movable box moves upwards in the floating bed frame to completely compress the elastic cavity, the position of the sliding block in the sliding groove is lower than the position of the first limiting block.

Furthermore, the ecological restoration bed is still including setting up float bed framework outlying counter weight chamber, the top in counter weight chamber link firmly in the lower surface of floating the bed carrier, it is filled with the rubble in it.

Furthermore, the filter screen is the filter screen of piling up the placing, the mesh of filter screen is no longer than the aperture of first hole of permeating water, and the length of stretching of filter screen is greater than the removal bottom of the case portion stretches out the maximum length of floating bed framework bottom opening.

Furthermore, the filler filled in the first filler cavity is light ceramsite with the particle size of 2-3cm, and the aperture of the first water permeable hole on the filler cavity is 0.8-1 cm; the filler filled in the second filler cavity is activated carbon with the particle size of 3-5mm, and the aperture of the second water permeable hole is 1-2 mm.

Further, the particle size of the immobilized bacteria-algae filler filled in the mobile box is 1-2cm, the aperture of the third water-permeable hole on the immobilized bacteria-algae filler is 6-8mm, and the strain of the immobilized bacteria-algae filler is anaerobic bacteria or facultative anaerobic bacteria.

The invention also discloses a water purification method of the multifunctional ecological restoration device, which comprises the following steps:

1) a multifunctional ecological restoration device is debugged and installed to meet the water purification requirements of the riverway in the rich water period, the medium water period and the low water period respectively;

presetting that when the river channel is in a middle water period and the water level is in a normal water level, the excessive half length of the movable box is positioned in the floating bed frame, and the porous water absorbing material in the elastic cavity is in a medium pressure state, so that the application range is defined;

when the river channel is in a water-rich period, the water level is raised compared with the normal water level, the ecological restoration bed is integrally raised, the movable box is relatively lowered and is left in the deep part of the river channel, the porous water-absorbing material absorbs water and expands, the space of the elastic cavity is increased, the movable box-the biological hanging membrane combined filler-the first filler cavity and the second filler cavity form a space hierarchical structure from top to bottom, and the river water is subjected to an anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic state by matching with the use of the diversion structure;

when the riverway is in a dry period, the water level is reduced compared with the normal water level, the ecological restoration bed is integrally reduced, the porous water absorption material is compressed, the space of the elastic cavity is reduced, the movable box and the biofilm culturing combined filler are positioned at the same height, and a large amount of microorganisms are concentrated;

2) during water purification, river water flows through one side wall of the first packing cavity and one side wall of the second packing cavity from the front section of the ecological restoration bed and flows into the hollow structure, and one side wall of the first packing cavity and one side wall of the second packing cavity preliminarily filter the water body to remove larger suspended particles and floaters in the water body;

3) in the hollow structure of the ecological restoration bed, the stirring device starts spheroids on the stirring device to violently cut the water body to generate a large amount of bubbles, fully stir the water body, provide oxygen for roots of aquatic plants planted on a floating bed carrier, and meanwhile, intensively remove suspended solids, organic matters and nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in sewage;

4) based on the structure that the diversion structure is small at the top and large at the bottom, negative pressure is formed in the area around the stirring impeller of the stirring device, river water in the deep part of the river channel can be automatically pressed into the surface layer of the river channel, the mixing efficiency of the stirring device is fully improved, and meanwhile, the biological biofilm formation combined filler is used in a matched manner, so that the nitrification reaction of the water body is strengthened, and the water body of the river channel is further deeply treated;

5) river water treated in the hollow structure flows out of the other side wall of the second packing cavity and the other side wall of the first packing cavity in the rear section of the ecological restoration bed in sequence, and the water quality purification effect is obtained by monitoring water quality index values before and after river water purification by the intelligent monitoring unit to complete purification.

According to the technical scheme, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the multifunctional ecological restoration device provided by the invention can automatically adjust the height of the device along with the water level lifting, ensures that the lower layer space of the river channel is effectively utilized and purified in the water-rich period, realizes the deep treatment and restoration of the water body from the water surface to the water, ensures the concentration of microorganisms in the lower layer space of the river channel to be concentrated in the dry period, and greatly improves the treatment efficiency of the ecological restoration bed.

(2) The river water in the deep part of the river channel is pressed into the surface layer of the river channel due to the arrangement of the diversion structure, so that the mixing efficiency of the stirring device is greatly improved, the nitrification and denitrification reaction is enhanced, and the treatment efficiency of the ecological restoration bed is improved;

(3) by taking the stirring impeller as a boundary, an aerobic zone is formed upwards and gradually transits downwards to an anoxic-anaerobic zone, the aerobic-anoxic-anaerobic spatial change is combined with the characteristic that the immobilized bacteria algae packing layer is rich in high-activity microbiota and biofilm formation combined packing, the nitrification and denitrification reaction is enhanced, the nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency of the ecological restoration bed is improved, and the comprehensive and efficient restoration of the riverway water body space level is realized.

It should be understood that all combinations of the foregoing concepts and additional concepts described in greater detail below can be considered as part of the inventive subject matter of this disclosure unless such concepts are mutually inconsistent.

The foregoing and other aspects, embodiments and features of the present teachings can be more fully understood from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Additional aspects of the present invention, such as features and/or advantages of exemplary embodiments, will be apparent from the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of specific embodiments in accordance with the teachings of the present invention.

Drawings

The drawings are not intended to be drawn to scale. In the drawings, each identical or nearly identical component that is illustrated in various figures may be represented by a like numeral. For purposes of clarity, not every component may be labeled in every drawing. Embodiments of various aspects of the present invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of the multifunctional ecological restoration device of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the retractor of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a constructional view of the uplift pile of the invention;

fig. 4 is an enlarged view of a structure in fig. 3.

In the figure, the specific meaning of each mark is as follows:

1-floating bed carrier, 2-floating bed frame body, 21-first packing cavity, 22-second packing cavity, 3-intelligent facility cavity, 31-water quality monitoring unit, 311-first sensor, 312-second sensor, 32-stirring device, 321-stirring impeller, 4-flow guide structure, 5-biological hanging membrane combined packing, 6-expansion device, 61-elastic cavity, 62-moving box, 63-fixing rod device, 64-filter screen, 65-third water permeable hole, 7-counterweight cavity, 8-uplift pile, 81-pile body, 811-sliding groove, 812-pile tip, 813-first limiting block, 814-second limiting block and 82-sliding block.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the invention without inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the invention. Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.

The use of "first," "second," and similar terms in the description and claims of the present application do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather the terms are used to distinguish one element from another. Similarly, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. The terms "comprises," "comprising," or the like, mean that the elements or items listed before "comprises" or "comprising" encompass the features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components listed after "comprising" or "comprising," and do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used only to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object to be described is changed, the relative positional relationships may also be changed accordingly.

Most of ecological restoration beds disclosed based on the prior art only simply utilize a floating bed structure, and the water quality of purified water is realized in a mode that aquatic plants are planted on the water surface to directly absorb nutrients and pollutants in the water body. The invention aims to disclose a multifunctional ecological restoration device and a water quality purification method thereof, wherein the device can automatically adjust the height along with the lifting of the water level, fully utilize the lower-layer space of the water body and realize the water quality restoration of the lower-layer space in the middle water period and the rich water period.

The multifunctional ecological restoration device and the method for purifying water quality thereof disclosed by the invention are further specifically described below with reference to the embodiment shown in the attached drawings.

The multifunctional ecological restoration device shown in fig. 1 comprises a floating bed carrier 1 on which aquatic plants are planted, a floating bed main body fixedly arranged below the floating bed carrier 1 and an intelligent monitoring unit; during the installation, float the ecological restoration bed that a hollow structure was set up with 1 lower surface of floating bed carrier to the floating bed main part, and intelligent monitoring unit is used for monitoring the quality of water of ecological restoration bed anterior segment and back end.

As shown in the sectional view of the multifunctional ecological restoration device, the floating bed main body comprises a floating bed frame body 2 with a hollow interior, a diversion structure 4 which is positioned at the bottom of the floating bed frame body 2 and extends towards the interior of the floating bed frame body 2, a biofilm culturing combined filler 5 which is arranged at the bottom of the diversion structure 4 and a telescopic device 6 which is used for connecting the floating bed frame body 2 to the river bottom; the floating bed frame body 2 comprises a first packing cavity 21 and a second packing cavity 22 which are divided by a vertical partition plate to form a shape like a Chinese character 'hui', the first packing cavity 21 is positioned at the periphery of the second packing cavity 22, the peripheral outer walls of the first packing cavity 21 and the second packing cavity 22 are respectively and uniformly distributed with a first permeable hole and a second permeable hole, and the first permeable hole and the second permeable hole are filled with packing materials respectively. In the embodiment, the filler filled in the first filler cavity 21 is light ceramsite with the particle size of 2-3cm, and the aperture of the first water permeable hole on the filler cavity is 0.8-1 cm; the filler filled in the second filler cavity 22 is activated carbon with the grain diameter of 3-5mm, and the aperture of the second permeable hole on the second filler cavity is 1-2 mm.

Referring to fig. 2, the bottom of the floating bed frame 2 is open and divided into an upper part and a lower part by a partition, the first packing chamber 21 and the second packing chamber 22 are located in the upper space, and the top of the expansion device 6 extends into the lower space of the floating bed frame 2 from the opening. When the telescopic device 6 is installed, the telescopic device comprises an elastic cavity 61, the top of which is connected with the first packing cavity 21 and the second packing cavity 22 and is filled with porous water-absorbing materials, a movable box 62 positioned below the elastic cavity 61 in the floating bed frame body 2, a plurality of fixed rod devices 63, the two ends of which are respectively connected with the movable box 62 and the bottom of a river, and a filter screen 64 which is connected with the bottom of the floating bed frame body 2 and the bottom of the movable box 62 in a sealing way; during implementation, the outer wall around the moving box 62 is evenly and densely distributed with third permeable holes 65, the immobilized bacteria and algae filler is filled in the third permeable holes, the bottom of the third permeable holes extends downwards from the opening at the bottom of the floating bed frame 2, and the two sides of the top of the third permeable holes are provided with first extending parts which extend back to back.

During operation, the movable box 62 has a degree of freedom of reciprocating movement in the floating bed frame 2 in the vertical direction, and two sides of the bottom opening of the floating bed frame 2 are provided with second extending portions extending in opposite directions, and when the movable box 62 moves downwards, the second extending portions are limited to the first extending portions. The moving box 62 has a moving freedom degree in the floating bed frame body 2, and the purpose of automatically adjusting the height of the device along with the water level lifting is achieved. The first extension part and the second extension part are used for preventing the movable box 62 from separating from the ecological restoration bed when the water level of the river or lake surface rises, the particle size of the immobilized bacteria-algae filler filled in the movable box 62 is 1-2cm, the pore diameter of the third water-permeable hole 65 is 6-8mm, and the strain of the immobilized bacteria-algae filler is anaerobic bacteria or facultative anaerobic bacteria. In addition, the elastic cavity 61 is made of a filled porous water absorption material, so that the elastic cavity is easy to absorb water and compress, and the porous structure of the elastic cavity can absorb and filter a large amount of tiny impurities in river water; when the sponge is specifically applied, the sponge can be selected, is cheap and easy to obtain, and has good water absorption and elasticity.

In consideration of the overall stability of the ecological restoration bed, in this embodiment, a fixing rod device 63 is disposed at the bottom of the movable box 62 at intervals; in consideration of the water inlet stability of the ecological restoration bed, in the embodiment, the filter screen 64 connecting the bottom of the floating bed frame 2 and the bottom of the movable box 62 is designed as the filter screen 64 which is stacked, the mesh of the filter screen 64 does not exceed the aperture of the first water permeable hole, and the stretching length of the filter screen 64 is greater than the maximum length of the bottom of the movable box 62 extending out of the bottom opening of the floating bed frame 2; not only prevent that large granule impurity from getting into in the removal space of removal case 62, and do not hinder removal case 62 and stretch out from the bed frame body 2 bottom opening that floats, avoid hindering the reciprocating motion of removal case 62.

As further shown in fig. 1, the ecological restoration bed further includes an intelligent facility chamber 3 disposed at the bottom of the floating bed carrier 1, and the intelligent facility chamber 3 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the floating bed carrier 1. The intelligent monitoring unit comprises a water quality monitoring unit 31, a first sensor 311 and a second sensor 312, wherein in the figure, the water quality monitoring unit 31 is vertically arranged, the bottom of the water quality monitoring unit penetrates through the floating bed carrier 1 and then is fixedly arranged in the intelligent facility cavity 3, and the top of the water quality monitoring unit is positioned above the floating bed carrier 1; one end of the first sensor 311 is connected to the water quality monitoring unit 31, and the other end of the first sensor penetrates through the floating bed carrier 1 and is arranged at the front section of the ecological restoration bed for measuring the water quality of the inlet water of the ecological restoration bed; one end of the second sensor 312 is connected to the water quality monitoring unit 31, and the other end of the second sensor penetrates through the floating bed carrier 1 and is placed at the rear section of the ecological restoration bed for measuring the effluent quality of the ecological restoration bed.

The ecological restoration bed is also provided with a stirring device 32 in the hollow structure, the stirring device 32 comprises a driving device arranged in the intelligent facility cavity 3 and a stirring impeller 321 positioned outside the intelligent facility cavity 3, and the stirring impeller 321 rotates in the horizontal direction; as shown in the figure, the stirring impeller 321 is a connecting rod with a spherical body symmetrically arranged at one end, the middle part of the connecting rod is connected to the driving device, and a plurality of aeration holes are arranged on the outer surface of the spherical body. The stirring device 32 is started, and when the stirring impeller 321 is used for quickly stirring, the spheroids violently cut the water body to generate a large amount of bubbles, so that the water body can be fully mixed and quickly aerated and oxygenated, and oxygen can be supplied to the aquatic plants planted on the floating bed carrier 1.

In this embodiment, the intelligent facility chamber 3 is closed, and a power supply may be provided therein, or only driving elements such as an engine may be provided therein, and the intelligent facility chamber is electrically connected to a power supply provided at a river or lake.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the flow guiding structure 4 is a hollow rectangular frustum with a small top and a large bottom, wherein the bottom of the hollow rectangular frustum is connected to the bottom of the second filling cavity 22, and the top of the hollow rectangular frustum extends into the floating bed frame 2 and is located below the stirring impeller 321.

The biofilm culturing combined filler 5 is hung at the bottom of the diversion structure 4, the bottom of the biofilm culturing combined filler is flush with the bottom of the floating bed frame body 2, and an anaerobic environment is easily formed at the position of the biofilm culturing combined filler 5. The biofilm formation combined filler 5 is developed on the basis of a soft filler and a semi-soft filler, and a film-shaped sludge layer can be formed in the process that the river water and the biofilm formation combined filler 5 collide with each other, is a natural biofilm and is very beneficial to microorganism adhesion, so that the purification effect is promoted. The biofilm culturing combined filler 5 can be used for culturing a biofilm and effectively cutting bubbles, improves the transfer rate and utilization of oxygen, enables a water-gas biofilm to be fully exchanged to treat organic matters in water, and has the effects of large specific surface area, high utilization rate, variable and non-blocking vacancy, stable impact load resistance effect, small resistance and good water and gas distribution performance.

When impeller 321 stirs fast, the area forms the negative pressure around it, combines big end down's structure about water conservancy diversion structure 4 for the river of river depths can be impressed the river top layer automatically, has improved agitating unit 32's mixing efficiency greatly, and the cooperation uses biological biofilm formation combination filler 5 simultaneously, has reinforceed the nitrification and denitrification reaction, has improved the treatment effeciency of ecological remediation bed.

In order to improve the fixing strength of the ecological restoration bed in the river channel, the ecological restoration bed also comprises a plurality of uplift piles 8 arranged on the periphery of the ecological restoration bed; the uplift pile 8 comprises a vertically arranged pile body 81 and a sliding block 82 of a T-shaped structure, the upper end of the pile body 81 is provided with a sliding groove 811 with an opening facing the ecological restoration bed, the bottom end of the pile body is provided with a pile tip 812 with a pyramid structure, the structure of the pile tip 812 can effectively reduce friction and resistance during piling, and construction is convenient and rapid.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, a first stopper 813 and a second stopper 814 are arranged in the sliding groove 811 at intervals along the vertical direction, the slider 82 is slidably arranged on the sliding groove 811 between the first stopper 813 and the second stopper 814, and one end of the slider 82 away from the sliding groove 811 is fixedly connected to the floating bed frame 2; the first limiting block 813 and the second limiting block 814 are used for limiting the displacement length of the floating bed frame 2, and if the displacement is too short, the automatic adjustment performance of the floating bed frame 2 along with the water level lifting is severely limited; however, the displacement is too long, the fixing rod device 63 is destructively pulled or even deformed by the large-scale rise of the water level in the rich water period, the whole structure of the floating bed is seriously damaged, and the biofilm formation combined filler 5 is directly contacted with the river bottom or even suffers from the heavy pressure of the floating bed due to the large-scale fall of the water level in the dry water period, so that the structure of the filler is damaged and the performance is lost. Therefore, in the actual construction process, when the moving box 62 moves downward in the floating bed frame 2 until the second extending portion abuts against the first extending portion, the position of the slider 82 in the sliding groove 811 is higher than the position of the second stopper 814; when the moving box 62 moves upward in the float bed frame 2 to fully compress the elastic chamber 61, the position of the slider 82 in the sliding groove 811 is lower than the position of the first stopper 813.

In order to keep the overall stability of the ecological restoration bed, the ecological restoration bed further comprises a counterweight cavity 7 arranged on the periphery of the floating bed frame body 2, the top of the counterweight cavity 7 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the floating bed carrier 1, and gravels are filled in the counterweight cavity. In the embodiment, the end of the first sensor 311 far from the water quality monitoring unit 31 penetrates through the floating bed carrier 1 and the counterweight chamber 7 and is then disposed at the front section of the ecological restoration bed, and the end of the second sensor 312 far from the water quality monitoring unit 31 penetrates through the floating bed carrier 1 and the counterweight chamber 7 and is then disposed at the rear section of the ecological restoration bed.

When the ecological restoration device shown in the attached drawing is implemented, the sizes of the counterweight chamber 7 and the elastic chamber 61 of the ecological restoration bed need to be adjusted continuously, so that when the river is at the normal water level, the movable box 62 is located in the floating bed frame 2 by half of the length, and the porous water absorbing material in the elastic chamber 61 is in a medium pressure state, which is an application range; along with the coming of a water-rich period, the water level greatly rises, the ecological restoration bed integrally rises, the movable box 62 relatively falls and is reserved in the deep part of the river channel, the space of the elastic cavity 61 becomes larger, the porous water absorption material absorbs water and expands to still fill the elastic cavity 61 and adsorb and filter impurities in the river water, at the moment, the movable box 62-the biological hanging membrane combined filler 5-the first filler cavity 21 and the second filler cavity 22 form a space hierarchical structure from top to bottom, and the river water is in a complete anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic state by matching with the use of the diversion structure 4, so that the deep treatment and restoration of the water body from the water surface to the water are realized; when a dry period comes, the water level is greatly reduced, the ecological restoration bed is integrally reduced, the porous water absorption material is compressed, the space of the elastic cavity 61 is reduced, the movable box 62 and the biofilm culturing combined filler 5 are located at the same height, a large amount of microorganisms are concentrated, the amount of the microorganisms is large, the concentration of the microorganisms is high, the river water volume is small, pollutants are concentrated, and the treatment effect of the ecological restoration bed on the river water is very obvious.

In order to know the treatment effect of the ecological restoration bed device on river water, the first sensor 311 arranged at the front section of the ecological restoration bed can measure the quality of inlet water, the second sensor 312 arranged at the rear section of the ecological restoration bed can measure the quality of outlet water, and relevant water quality index values are displayed on a data display screen of the water quality monitoring unit 31, can be directly read and can also be transmitted to a computer terminal through a wireless device to carry out data backup and next data processing.

Float bed carrier 1, float bed framework 2, wisdom facility chamber 3 and water conservancy diversion structure 4 can directly be made by the polypropylene material, and this material ecological environmental protection is pollution-free, has chemical resistance, heat resistance, electrical insulation, high strength mechanical properties and good high wear resistance processing performance.

The invention also discloses a method for purifying water quality of the multifunctional ecological restoration device, which comprises the following steps:

1) a multifunctional ecological restoration device is debugged and installed to respectively adapt to the water quality purification requirements of the riverway in the rich water period, the middle water period and the dry water period;

2) during water purification, river water flows through the side walls of the first packing cavity 21 and the second packing cavity 22 from the front section of the ecological restoration bed and flows into the hollow structure, and the side walls of the first packing cavity 21 and the second packing cavity 22 primarily filter the water body to remove larger suspended particles and floating objects in the water body;

3) in the hollow structure of the ecological restoration bed, the stirring device 32 starts the spheroids thereon to violently cut the water body, generate a large amount of bubbles, fully stir the water body, provide oxygen for the roots of the aquatic plants planted on the floating bed carrier 1, and simultaneously, intensively remove suspended solids, organic matters and nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in the sewage;

4) based on the structure that the diversion structure 4 is small at the top and large at the bottom, negative pressure is formed in the area around the stirring impeller 321 of the stirring device 32, river water in the deep part of the river channel can be automatically pressed into the surface layer of the river channel, the mixing efficiency of the stirring device 32 is fully improved, and meanwhile, the biological biofilm formation combined filler 5 is used in a matched manner, so that the water nitrification reaction is enhanced, and the river water body is further deeply treated;

5) river water treated in the hollow structure flows out of the other side walls of the second packing cavity 22 and the first packing cavity 21 of the rear section of the ecological restoration bed in sequence, and the water quality purification effect is obtained by monitoring water quality index values before and after the river water is purified by an intelligent monitoring unit to complete purification.

The multifunctional ecological restoration device shown in the attached drawing is tested by using suspended matters (SS), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Phosphorus (TP) and ammonia Nitrogen (NH) ₃ -N) is an evaluation index, and the test result shows that the multifunctional ecological restoration bed disclosed by the invention can be used for treating Suspended Substances (SS), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Phosphorus (TP) and ammonia Nitrogen (NH) in river water ₃ -N) of the slurry were 92.42%, 68.67%, 88.23% and 86.51%, respectively, and the purification effect was significant.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A multifunctional ecological restoration device is characterized by comprising a floating bed carrier, a floating bed main body and an intelligent monitoring unit, wherein aquatic plants are planted on the floating bed carrier, the floating bed main body is fixedly arranged below the floating bed carrier, the floating bed main body and the lower surface of the floating bed carrier enclose an ecological restoration bed with a hollow structure, and the intelligent monitoring unit is used for monitoring the water quality of the front section and the rear section of the ecological restoration bed;

the top of the telescopic device extends into the floating bed frame from the opening, and the telescopic device comprises an elastic cavity, a moving box, a plurality of fixed rod devices and a filter screen, wherein the top of the elastic cavity is connected with the first packing cavity and the second packing cavity in a bearing mode, the elastic cavity is filled with porous water-absorbing materials, the moving box is positioned below the elastic cavity, two ends of the fixed rod devices are respectively connected with the moving box and the river bottom, and the filter screen is connected with the bottom of the floating bed frame and the bottom of the moving box in a sealing mode; third water permeable holes are uniformly and densely distributed in the peripheral outer wall of the movable box, immobilized bacteria and algae filler is filled in the third water permeable holes, the bottom of the third water permeable holes extends downwards from an opening in the bottom of the floating bed frame body, and first extending parts extending back to back are arranged on two sides of the top of the third water permeable holes;

the movable box has the freedom degree of reciprocating movement in the floating bed frame body along the vertical direction, two sides of an opening in the bottom of the floating bed frame body are provided with second extending parts extending in opposite directions, and when the movable box moves downwards, the second extending parts are limited in the first extending parts.

2. The multi-functional ecological remediation device of claim 1, wherein the ecological remediation bed further comprises an intelligent utility chamber disposed at the bottom of the floating bed carrier, the intelligent utility chamber being fixedly attached to the lower surface of the floating bed carrier;

3. The multifunctional ecological restoration device according to claim 2, wherein a stirring device is further arranged in the hollow structure of the ecological restoration bed;

4. The multifunctional ecological restoration device according to claim 3, wherein the flow guide structure is a hollow quadrangular frustum pyramid with a small top and a large bottom, the bottom of the hollow quadrangular frustum pyramid is connected to the bottom of the second packing cavity, and the top of the hollow quadrangular frustum pyramid is extended into the floating bed frame and is located below the stirring impeller.

5. The multifunctional ecological restoration device according to claim 1, wherein the ecological restoration bed further comprises a plurality of uplift piles arranged around the ecological restoration bed;

first limiting blocks and second limiting blocks positioned below the first limiting blocks are arranged in the sliding groove at intervals along the vertical direction, the sliding block is arranged between the first limiting blocks and the second limiting blocks on the sliding groove in a sliding mode, and one end, far away from the sliding groove, of the sliding block is fixedly connected to the floating bed frame body;

6. The multifunctional ecological restoration device according to claim 1, wherein the ecological restoration bed further comprises a counterweight chamber arranged at the periphery of the floating bed frame, the top of the counterweight chamber is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the floating bed carrier, and gravel is filled in the counterweight chamber.

7. The multi-functional ecological remediation device of claim 1, wherein the filter screen is a stacked filter screen, the mesh of the filter screen does not exceed the aperture of the first water permeable hole, and the stretching length of the filter screen is greater than the maximum length of the bottom of the mobile box extending out of the bottom opening of the floating bed frame.

8. The multifunctional ecological restoration device according to claim 1, wherein the filler filled in the first filler cavity is light ceramsite with a particle size of 2-3cm, and the aperture of the first water permeable hole on the filler cavity is 0.8-1 cm; the filler filled in the second filler cavity is activated carbon with the particle size of 3-5mm, and the aperture of the second water permeable hole is 1-2 mm.

9. The multifunctional ecological restoration device according to claim 1, wherein the immobilized bacteria-algae filler filled in the movable box has a particle size of 1-2cm, the third water permeable holes have a pore size of 6-8mm, and the bacteria of the immobilized bacteria-algae filler are anaerobic bacteria or facultative anaerobic bacteria.

10. A method for purifying water quality of a multifunctional ecological restoration device is characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) a multifunctional ecological restoration device is debugged and installed to respectively adapt to water in the rich water period, the medium water period and the low water period of the riverway so as to respectively adapt to the water quality purification requirements in the rich water period, the medium water period and the low water period of the riverway;

4) based on the structure that the diversion structure is small at the top and large at the bottom, negative pressure is formed by combining the surrounding area of the stirring impeller of the stirring device, river water in the deep part of the river channel can be automatically pressed into the surface layer of the river channel, the mixing efficiency of the stirring device is fully improved, meanwhile, the biological biofilm formation combined filler is used in a matched manner, the water nitrification reaction is enhanced, and the river water body is further deeply treated;