CN115070185A - Small-diameter welding spot welding electrode cooling device and spot welding method - Google Patents
Small-diameter welding spot welding electrode cooling device and spot welding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115070185A CN115070185A CN202210798009.6A CN202210798009A CN115070185A CN 115070185 A CN115070185 A CN 115070185A CN 202210798009 A CN202210798009 A CN 202210798009A CN 115070185 A CN115070185 A CN 115070185A
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- spot welding
- electrode
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
- B23K11/10—Spot welding; Stitch welding
- B23K11/11—Spot welding
- B23K11/115—Spot welding by means of two electrodes placed opposite one another on both sides of the welded parts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
- B23K11/36—Auxiliary equipment
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- Resistance Welding (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a small-diameter welding spot welding electrode cooling device and a spot welding method, which relate to the technical field of spot welding, and on the one hand, the small-diameter welding spot welding electrode cooling device comprises a cooling water tank and a spot welding mechanism, wherein the cooling water tank is used for containing cooling liquid with low conductivity; the spot welding mechanism comprises an upper electrode and a lower electrode, wherein electrode tips of the upper electrode and the lower electrode can be close to or far away from each other to clamp or release parts to be welded, and a spot welding position of the parts to be welded is immersed in cooling liquid to be cooled by the cooling liquid. On the other hand, the spot welding method is implemented by using the small-diameter spot welding electrode cooling device, and comprises the following steps: and clamping the part to be welded between an upper electrode and a lower electrode of the electric welding mechanism, enabling the cooling liquid to submerge a spot welding position of the part to be welded, electrifying the upper electrode and the lower electrode and welding the part to be welded. The problems that the cooling speed of the high-temperature spot welding electrode is low, and the electrode is heated and becomes soft and deformed are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of spot welding, in particular to a small-diameter welding spot welding electrode cooling device and a spot welding method.
Background
The spot welding is to compress two layers of metal plates through an upper electrode and a lower electrode, transient current flows through the plate compressing part through the electrodes, and the plates are indirectly contacted with a resistor to generate heat, so that a molten pool is generated and rapidly cooled, a nugget is formed, and the welding of the two layers of plates is realized. In this process, the resistance of the electrode itself generates a large amount of heat, the temperature of the electrode contact point increases sharply, and the strength of the electrode tip decreases.
When spot welding is carried out on a small-diameter welding spot of the high-temperature alloy, the spot welding quality of the high-temperature alloy plate can be ensured only by large instantaneous current and large pressure due to high alloy strength, high melting point and good elasticity. Because the solder joint diameter is little, and the electrode sectional area is restricted, leads to electrode tip to bear very big stress, and the electrode produces a large amount of heats during the welding, if can not in time distribute, just can make the electrode tip become soft deformation, and current density sharply diminishes, leads to appearing the rosin joint, influences spot welding quality. The control of the temperature of the electrode and the extension of the high-temperature creep deformation time of the electrode are the key points for controlling the service life of the electrode. Therefore, the contact point of the high-temperature alloy spot welding electrode must be rapidly cooled, the service life of the electrode is prolonged, and the production efficiency of products is improved.
The existing cooling method for the contact point of the high-temperature alloy spot welding electrode mainly comprises air cooling and cooling liquid flow channel cooling. The air cooling is that air contacts with the surface of the heating body, temperature difference exists between the air and the heating body, and the air takes away the heat emitted according to the heat transfer theory to realize cooling. The method has low cooling speed, so that the spot welding electrode of the small-diameter welding spot rapidly heats up and deforms in a creep deformation mode, the current density is rapidly reduced, a cold joint is formed, and the welding strength is poor; the cooling liquid runner is arranged in the electrode, cooling water enters from a central water inlet, flows through the inner wall of the electrode cooling cavity and is discharged from a water outlet, so that the heat generated by the self heating of the electrode during spot welding can be taken away by the cooling liquid. The method is limited by the area of a cooling flow channel and the area of a heat dissipation section of the small-diameter electrode tip, and the cooling effect is not obvious, so that the service life of the electrode is short.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a small-diameter welding spot welding electrode cooling device and a spot welding method, so as to solve the problems that in the prior art, a high-temperature alloy spot welding electrode is slow in cooling speed, and the electrode is heated and softened and deformed.
In order to achieve the above purposes, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
in one aspect, the present invention provides a small diameter spot welding electrode cooling device, comprising:
a cooling water tank for containing a low-conductivity cooling liquid;
and the spot welding mechanism comprises an upper electrode and a lower electrode, wherein electrode tips of the upper electrode and the lower electrode can be close to or far away from each other and are used for clamping or loosening the welding part, and the spot welding position of the welding part is immersed in the cooling liquid so as to be cooled by the cooling liquid.
In some optional embodiments, the electrode head of the lower electrode penetrates through the side wall of the cooling water tank and is immersed in the cooling liquid, and the upper electrode is close to or far away from the electrode head of the lower electrode through the driving member.
In some optional embodiments, a through hole for the lower electrode to pass through is formed in a side wall of the cooling water tank, and an annular rubber gasket is disposed on the through hole to prevent the cooling liquid from leaking from the through hole when the lower electrode passes through.
In some optional embodiments, the cooling water tank is made of transparent material and marked with scale marks.
In some alternative embodiments, the distance from the scale mark to the bottom of the cooling water tank is greater than one-half of the height of the cooling water tank.
In some alternative embodiments, the spot weld is at least mm below the graduation mark.
In some optional embodiments, the cooling system further comprises a filtering and circulating device for filtering the cooling liquid discharged from the cooling water tank and then returning the filtered cooling liquid to the cooling water tank.
On the other hand, the spot welding method is implemented by using the small-diameter spot welding electrode cooling device, and comprises the following steps:
clamping the welding part between an upper electrode and a lower electrode of a spot welding mechanism, and enabling the cooling liquid in the cooling water tank to submerge the spot welding position of the welding part;
and electrifying the upper electrode and the lower electrode and welding the welding parts.
In some alternative embodiments, after the welding of the welded parts is completed, the cooling liquid is discharged and returned to the cooling water tank through a filtering and circulating device.
In some alternative embodiments, the cooling fluid is submerged and at least mm above the spot welds.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: through the spot welding position submergence with spot welding mechanism in the coolant liquid, through the characteristics of coolant liquid low conductivity, high heat capacity, heat conduction is fast, make spot welding in-process spot welding position because of the heat that self resistance produced take away by the coolant liquid around the electrode, the biggest heat radiating area of electrode has been guaranteed, avoided the electrode to become soft deformation because of high temperature, current density sharply diminishes, lead to appearing the rosin joint, influence the problem of spot welding quality, and the coolant liquid of low conductivity has also avoided the electric conduction reposition of redundant personnel, not only improve cooling efficiency, the life of extension electrode simultaneously.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a small-diameter spot welding electrode cooling device according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a cooling water tank; 11. scale marks; 12. a water inlet; 13. a water outlet; 2. a spot welding mechanism; 21. an upper electrode; 22. a lower electrode; 23. a drive member; 3. and (5) welding the parts.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, in one aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides a small-diameter spot welding electrode cooling device, which includes a cooling water tank 1 and a spot welding mechanism 2, where the cooling water tank 1 is used for containing a cooling liquid with low conductivity; the spot welding mechanism 2 includes an upper electrode 21 and a lower electrode 22, and electrode tips of the upper electrode 21 and the lower electrode 22 are movable toward and away from each other to hold or release the welded part 3 and immerse a spot welding portion of the welded part 3 in the cooling liquid to cool the spot welding portion by the cooling liquid.
The spot welding is to compress two metal welding parts through an upper electrode and a lower electrode, transient current flows through the compression part of the welding parts through the electrodes, and the two welding parts are indirectly contacted with electric resistance to generate heat, so that a molten pool is generated and rapidly cooled, a molten core is formed, and the welding of the two welding parts is realized. It is generally believed that, since transient current passes through the electrode and the metal welding part during welding, a short circuit is formed between the upper and lower electrodes during underwater welding, which is dangerous.
In this case, the cooling liquid is pure water of low conductivity, which is a kind of high purity water from which electric ions and minerals and other trace elements are primarily removed. The pure water is generally water processed by an electrodialysis method, a reverse osmosis method and an ion exchange resin technical method or obtained by vacuum distillation, so that the conductivity of the pure water is extremely low, and the underwater welding is ensured to have no electric leakage risk. The cooling water tank 1 has a sufficiently large capacity to enhance the cooling effect on the electrode and the spot welding site.
However, it should be noted that pure water should be ensured not to be contaminated during welding, and the conductivity of pure water is higher due to the fact that metal elements and microorganisms in pure water are too high. The cooling water tank 1 needs to be treated before welding to prevent contamination.
In other embodiments, other low conductivity cooling fluids, such as ethylene glycol, may also be used.
It can be understood that the spot welding position is the position where the welding part 3 is in contact with the upper electrode 21 and the lower electrode 22, the spot welding position during welding is immersed in the cooling liquid, and the heating of the welding part 3 and the self-resistance of the two electrodes during power-on is taken away by the cooling water immersed around the electrodes in the cooling water tank, so that the electrodes are not obviously heated.
In some alternative embodiments, the electrode head of the lower electrode 22 penetrates through the sidewall of the cooling water tank 1 and is immersed in the cooling liquid, and the upper electrode 21 is moved toward or away from the electrode head of the lower electrode 22 by the driving member 23.
It will be appreciated that the lower electrode 22 is fixed to the side wall of the cooling water tank 1 and is immersed in the cooling liquid, and the upper electrode 21 is movable, thereby facilitating the fixing of the welded component 3 between the two electrodes. In this example, the upper electrode 21 is connected to the output end of the pressing cylinder so that the lower electrode 22 approaches or moves away from the upper electrode, and the part 3 to be welded is stably and tightly held between the two electrodes.
Further, a through hole through which the lower electrode 22 passes is formed in a side wall of the cooling water tank 1, and an annular rubber gasket is formed in the through hole to prevent the coolant from leaking from the through hole when the lower electrode 22 passes.
The rubber gasket completely seals the gap between the through hole and the lower electrode 22, and the rubber has insulation and does not affect the welding process.
In some alternative embodiments, the cooling water tank 1 is made of transparent material and marked with scale lines 11.
The transparent cooling water tank 1 is arranged, so that the welding process can be observed conveniently, technological parameters can be adjusted conveniently, and the scale marks are arranged, so that the cooling liquid can be quantitatively added, and the cooling effect is ensured. Here, the graduation marks represent the optimum filling level of the cooling liquid.
Further, the distance from the scale 11 to the bottom of the cooling water tank 1 is greater than one-half of the height of the cooling water tank 1.
Since the spot welding site needs to be cooled by the cooling liquid, the volume of the cooling liquid should be large enough to completely submerge the spot welding site to ensure the cooling effect. It will be appreciated that the lower electrode 22 is close to the bottom of the cooling water tank 1, and the graduation mark 11 is higher than the lower electrode 22, so as to ensure that the spot welding position is completely submerged after the cooling liquid is added.
Preferably, the spot welding site is located at least 30mm below the scale line 11.
It can be understood that the cooling liquid needs to completely submerge the spot welding position and submerge the spot welding position for a certain height, so that the heat generated by the spot welding position can be quickly and efficiently taken away by the cooling liquid during welding.
In some optional embodiments, the spot welding electrode cooling device further includes a filtering and circulating device (not shown) for filtering the coolant discharged from the coolant tank 1 and returning the filtered coolant to the coolant tank 1.
In this example, the cooling water tank 1 is provided with a water inlet 12 and a water outlet 13. After the spot welding of a batch of welding parts 3 is finished, the cooling water is discharged from the water outlet 13, and is re-input into the cooling water tank 1 from the water inlet 12 after being filtered, so that the cooling liquid can be recycled, and the production cost is reduced.
Taking pure water as an example, ions in the water can be removed through ultrafiltration and double-stage reverse osmosis, and if the requirement on the purity of the pure water is higher, most of the remaining ions can be removed by adopting EDI electrodialysis or mixed bed resin, so that the level of 3-stage ultrapure water is reached, and the safety during spot welding is further ensured.
For other cooling fluids, the principle of filtration is the same, i.e. the filtration of ions and impurities in the cooling fluid.
Of course, if the cooling effect is needed to be better, the cooling water can be kept at a relatively constant cooling temperature by adopting a mode of welding and circulating at the same time. In this example, a low-in and high-out cooling water circulation mode can be adopted: namely, a water outlet 13 close to the bottom of the cooling water tank 1 is used as a water inlet, a water inlet 12 close to the top of the cooling water tank 1 and higher than the scale mark 11 is used as an overflow port, so that cooling water flows in from the water outlet 13 and naturally overflows from the water inlet 12, the spot welding position is ensured to be always positioned in cooling liquid, and the cooling liquid slowly flows into the cooling water tank 1 through the water outlet 13. The water level height is controlled through the water inlet 12, the liquid level of the cooling liquid is ensured to be at least positioned at the water inlet 12 and higher than the scale mark 11, and the spot welding position is completely immersed, so that the absorption of pure water to air and carbon dioxide is reduced as much as possible while the spot welding position is ensured to be cooled circularly, and the pollution of the pure water is reduced.
On the other hand, the spot welding method is implemented by using the small-diameter spot welding electrode cooling device, and comprises the following steps:
the welding part 3 is held between an upper electrode 21 and a lower electrode 22 of a spot welding mechanism 2, and the spot welding position of the part 3 to be welded is flooded with the cooling liquid.
It can be understood that the welding part 3 is fixedly clamped between the upper electrode 21 and the lower electrode 22, and the cooling liquid is slowly injected into the cooling water tank 1 until the spot welding position of the part to be welded is completely submerged, so that the spot welding position is cooled by the cooling liquid during welding.
Preferably, the cooling liquid is submerged and at least 30mm above the spot weld.
The upper electrode 21 and the lower electrode 22 are energized to weld the welded component 3.
It can be understood that under the action of large current, due to the difference of materials, the contact resistance between the two layers of plates of the parts to be welded 3 has the largest resistance in the whole current loop, so that the heat productivity is the largest, and the parts are rapidly melted and solidified to form a nugget. The upper electrode 21 and the lower electrode 22 are carried away by the cooling water immersed around the electrodes in the cooling water tank 1 due to the heat generated by their own resistances, so that there is no significant temperature rise.
In some alternative embodiments, after the welding of the welded component 3 is completed, the cooling fluid is discharged and returned to the cooling water tank 1 through a filtering and circulating device (not shown).
According to the cooling device and the spot welding method for the small-diameter welding spot welding electrode, the electrode and the spot welding position are immersed in the cooling liquid for welding, so that heat generated by the electrode due to the current effect can be taken away quickly and efficiently through the cooling liquid around the spot welding position, and the problems that the electrode is softened and deformed due to high temperature because the cooling speed is low and the temperature of the electrode is high in the spot welding process of the small-diameter welding spot welding electrode are solved; compared with cooling liquid flow channel cooling, the electrode does not need to be provided with a flow channel structure for enabling cooling liquid to flow through, so that the electrode is higher in strength and higher in bearing capacity, and the electrode can bear larger compression load; the cooling liquid can be repeatedly used in a filtering circulation mode, the temperature of the cooling liquid is kept constant, the stability of the spot welding process is improved, the product quality is ensured, and meanwhile the cost is saved.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application. Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are intended to be inclusive and mean, for example, that they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
It is noted that, in the present application, relational terms such as "first" and "second", and the like, are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above description is merely exemplary of the present application and is presented to enable those skilled in the art to understand and practice the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A small diameter spot welding electrode cooling device, comprising:
a cooling water tank (1) for containing a low-conductivity cooling liquid;
and the spot welding mechanism (2) comprises an upper electrode (21) and a lower electrode (22), wherein electrode tips of the upper electrode (21) and the lower electrode (22) can be close to or far away from each other, so as to clamp or release the welding part (3), and the spot welding position of the welding part (3) is immersed in the cooling liquid so as to be cooled by the cooling liquid.
2. The small-diameter spot welding electrode cooling device according to claim 1, wherein an electrode head of the lower electrode (22) penetrates through a side wall of the cooling water tank (1) and is immersed in the cooling liquid, and the upper electrode (21) is moved toward or away from the electrode head of the lower electrode (22) by a driving member (23).
3. The small-diameter spot welding electrode cooling device according to claim 2, wherein a through hole for passing the lower electrode (22) is provided on a side wall of the cooling water tank (1), and an annular rubber gasket is provided on the through hole to prevent the cooling liquid from leaking from the through hole when the lower electrode (22) passes.
4. The small-diameter spot welding electrode cooling device according to claim 1, wherein the cooling water tank (1) is made of a transparent material and marked with scale marks (11).
5. The small-diameter spot welding electrode cooling device according to claim 4, wherein the distance from the scale mark (11) to the bottom of the cooling water tank (1) is greater than one-half of the height of the cooling water tank (1).
6. A small diameter spot welding electrode cooling device according to claim 4, characterized in that said spot welding location is located at least 30mm below said graduation mark (11).
7. The small-diameter spot welding electrode cooling device according to claim 1, further comprising a filter circulation device for filtering the coolant discharged from the coolant tank (1) and returning the filtered coolant to the coolant tank (1).
8. A spot welding method which is carried out using a small-diameter spot welding electrode cooling device according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
clamping the welding part (3) between an upper electrode (21) and a lower electrode (22) of a spot welding mechanism (2), and enabling cooling liquid in a cooling water tank (1) to submerge a spot welding position of the welding part (3);
the upper electrode (21) and the lower electrode (22) are energized and the welded component (3) is welded.
9. Spot welding method according to claim 8, characterised in that after welding of the welded parts (3) is completed, the cooling liquid is drained and fed back into the cooling water tank (1) by means of a filter circulation.
10. A spot welding method according to claim 8 wherein said coolant is submerged and at least 30mm above said spot weld location.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210798009.6A CN115070185A (en) | 2022-07-06 | 2022-07-06 | Small-diameter welding spot welding electrode cooling device and spot welding method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210798009.6A CN115070185A (en) | 2022-07-06 | 2022-07-06 | Small-diameter welding spot welding electrode cooling device and spot welding method |
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| CN115070185A true CN115070185A (en) | 2022-09-20 |
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| CN202210798009.6A Pending CN115070185A (en) | 2022-07-06 | 2022-07-06 | Small-diameter welding spot welding electrode cooling device and spot welding method |
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Citations (5)
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| JPH07236979A (en) * | 1994-03-01 | 1995-09-12 | Nasu Tooa Kk | Resistance welding equipment and method therefor |
| JPH07284962A (en) * | 1994-04-20 | 1995-10-31 | Usui Internatl Ind Co Ltd | Method for welding end metal tool having wear resistance and slidingly moving curved surface |
| JP2005161348A (en) * | 2003-12-02 | 2005-06-23 | Daihatsu Motor Co Ltd | Cooling structure of electrode tip and cooling system of heating element in spot welding machine |
| CH701032A2 (en) * | 2009-05-07 | 2010-11-15 | Porsche Ag | Resistance pressure welding method and apparatus. |
| CN106624310A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-05-10 | 广州微点焊设备有限公司 | Underwater welding device and method for resistance welding |
-
2022
- 2022-07-06 CN CN202210798009.6A patent/CN115070185A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH07236979A (en) * | 1994-03-01 | 1995-09-12 | Nasu Tooa Kk | Resistance welding equipment and method therefor |
| JPH07284962A (en) * | 1994-04-20 | 1995-10-31 | Usui Internatl Ind Co Ltd | Method for welding end metal tool having wear resistance and slidingly moving curved surface |
| JP2005161348A (en) * | 2003-12-02 | 2005-06-23 | Daihatsu Motor Co Ltd | Cooling structure of electrode tip and cooling system of heating element in spot welding machine |
| CH701032A2 (en) * | 2009-05-07 | 2010-11-15 | Porsche Ag | Resistance pressure welding method and apparatus. |
| CN106624310A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-05-10 | 广州微点焊设备有限公司 | Underwater welding device and method for resistance welding |
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