CN115069528B

CN115069528B - A waste material screening plant for machinery spare part processing

Info

Publication number: CN115069528B
Application number: CN202211002843.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄三妹; 李晓琳
Original assignee: Sihong Xinlong Machinery Casting Co ltd
Current assignee: Sihong Xinlong Machinery Casting Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-08-22
Filing date: 2022-08-22
Publication date: 2023-05-23
Anticipated expiration: 2042-08-22
Also published as: CN115069528A

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of material screening, in particular to a waste screening device for machining mechanical parts, which comprises a frame, a screen and a sliding shaft. The screen is movably connected to the frame, the whole screen is in a frustum shape, a through hole is arranged in the center of the screen, and the taper of the screen is adjustable; the sliding shaft penetrates through the through hole, the sliding shaft can vibrate along the axial direction and drive the screen to vibrate, and the vibration frequency of the sliding shaft and the conicity of the screen form a negative correlation. The vibration frequency of the sliding shaft and the taper of the screen mesh can control the screening efficiency, and the screens with different screen mesh apertures are arranged to separate waste materials from dust in the waste materials and further screen the waste materials according to the particle size.

Description

A waste material screening plant for machinery spare part processing

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of material screening, in particular to a waste screening device for machining mechanical parts.

Background

In the process of producing and processing mechanical parts, waste materials generated in production are required to be recycled. When recycling, the waste is screened, so that different waste can be conveniently treated, and the recycling of the waste is facilitated. For example, chinese patent CN213529604U provides a mechanical part processing waste treatment device, which is convenient for separating waste and dust by setting, and improves the collection and treatment effects of the waste. The device includes base, handle the case, two sets of supports, two sets of first motors, two sets of cams, the aperture screening board, two sets of baffles, two sets of first fixed plates, two sets of shrink poles, two sets of springs, two sets of second fixed plates, eight sets of fixing bolts and eight sets of gaskets, base top and handle case bottom fixed connection, it is equipped with feed hopper to handle the case top, two sets of supports are fixed mounting respectively in the left and right sides on base top, first motor bottom and support top fixed connection, the output of cam and first motor is connected, cam and aperture screening board bottom rotate to be connected, the left and right sides of handling the case is equipped with the opening respectively, aperture screening board passes the opening of handling the case, two sets of baffles are fixed respectively at the both ends of aperture screening board to baffle and the contact of handling case inner wall.

However, the mechanical part processing waste treatment device provided by the patent is not thorough in waste screening, only separates waste from dust, does not carry out finer screening on the waste, and is inconvenient for recycling the waste.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on the above, it is necessary to provide a waste screening device for processing mechanical parts, which separates waste from dust and screens and collects the waste according to different sizes, aiming at the problem of incomplete screening in the current waste recovery.

The above purpose is achieved by the following technical scheme:

a waste screening device for machine part machining, comprising:

a frame;

the screen is movably connected to the frame, the whole screen is in a frustum shape, a through hole is formed in the center of the screen, and the taper of the screen is adjustable;

the sliding shaft penetrates through the through hole, the sliding shaft can vibrate along the axial direction and drive the screen to vibrate, and the vibration frequency of the sliding shaft and the conicity of the screen form a negative correlation.

Further, a first friction strip is arranged on the inner peripheral wall surface of the through hole, and the first friction strip is abutted with the sliding shaft.

Further, the screen is provided with an opening with an adjustable size, and the taper of the screen and the size of the opening are in negative correlation.

Further, two sides of the opening are provided with baffle plates, and one side of the baffle plate close to the opening is provided with a second limit groove; the frame is provided with a telescopic rod with a hollow interior, and the telescopic rod is in sliding connection with the second limit groove; the telescopic rod is used for controlling the size of the opening.

Further, a second friction strip group which is in contact with the first friction strip is arranged on the sliding shaft, and the distance between two adjacent second friction strips in the second friction strip group is gradually reduced along the axial direction of the sliding shaft and the direction from top to bottom.

Further, a limit bar is arranged on the sliding shaft, a matching groove matched with the limit bar is arranged on the frame, the limit bar is axially slidably arranged in the matching groove, and when the sliding shaft axially slides, the second friction bar pushes the first friction bar.

Further, still include the feed bin, be equipped with the limiting plate in the frame, the limiting plate through first elastic component with the feed bin is connected, first elastic component always makes the feed bin resets or has the trend that resets, the feed bin receives inside granule waste material gravity influence to slide in the frame.

Further, the bin slides and controls the telescopic rod to stretch out and draw back, the telescopic rod stretches out and draws back and control the screen cloth opening size with the screen cloth tapering.

Further, a plurality of screens are arranged, and the apertures of the screen holes on the plurality of screens gradually decrease along the axial direction of the sliding shaft and the downward direction; the second friction strip group is provided with a plurality of, the feed bin is provided with a plurality of, the screen cloth the second friction strip group with the feed bin is all one-to-one.

Further, two adjacent bins are connected through the first elastic piece.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

the invention relates to a waste screening device for machining mechanical parts, which comprises a frame, a screen and a sliding shaft. The screen is movably connected to the frame, the whole screen is in a frustum shape, a through hole is arranged in the center of the screen, and the taper of the screen is adjustable; the sliding shaft penetrates through the through hole, the sliding shaft can vibrate along the axial direction and drive the screen to vibrate, and the vibration frequency of the sliding shaft and the conicity of the screen form a negative correlation. The vibration frequency of the sliding shaft and the taper of the screen mesh can control the screening efficiency, and the screens with different screen mesh apertures are arranged to separate waste materials from dust in the waste materials and further screen the waste materials according to the particle size.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a waste screening device for machining mechanical parts according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a waste screening device for machine part processing provided by the embodiment of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at A of a waste screening device for machining mechanical parts according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an exploded view of a waste screening device for machine part processing according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a frame structure of a waste screening device for machining mechanical parts according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a driving wheel of a waste screening device for machining mechanical parts according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a sliding shaft of a waste screening device for machining mechanical parts according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a material collecting mechanism of a waste screening device for machining mechanical parts according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a screening mechanism of a waste screening device for machining mechanical parts according to an embodiment of the present invention

Wherein:

100. a frame; 110. a feed hopper; 120. a slag discharge port; 131. A limiting plate; 132. a first limit groove; 134. an oil port; 135. a telescopic rod; 136. a limiting block; 200. a sliding shaft; 210. closing the spiral groove; 220. a limit bar; 230. a second friction bar set; 300. a collection mechanism; 310. a storage bin; 320. a stop block; 330. a limit column; 340. a telescopic oil cylinder; 350. a first elastic member; 400. a screening mechanism; 410. a screen; 411. the second limit groove; 412. a first friction bar; 420. a guide plate; 500. a driving wheel; 520. A third limit groove; 530. and a matching block.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to examples, which are provided to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

The numbering of components herein, such as "first," "second," etc., is used merely to distinguish between the described objects and does not have any sequential or technical meaning. The terms "coupled" and "connected," as used herein, are intended to encompass both direct and indirect coupling (coupling), unless otherwise indicated. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element in question must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.

As shown in fig. 1 to 9, a waste screening device for machining mechanical parts according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a frame 100, a sliding shaft 200, a collecting mechanism 300, a screening mechanism 400, and a driving wheel 500. The screening mechanism 400 is mainly composed of a screen 410, the screen 410 is movably connected to the frame 100, the screen 410 is integrally in a frustum shape, a through hole is formed in the center of the screen 410, and the taper of the screen 410 is adjustable. The sliding shaft 200 passes through the through hole on the screen 410, the sliding shaft 200 can vibrate along the axial direction to drive the screen 410 to vibrate, and the vibration frequency of the sliding shaft 200 is in negative correlation with the conicity of the screen 410.

Specifically, after the waste material initially falls onto the screen 410, the screen 410 is screened due to the initial taper of the screen 410, and meanwhile, the motor is started, and the driving wheel 500 drives the sliding shaft 200 to make a reciprocating axial movement, so that vibration is generated between the sliding shaft 200 and the screen 410, and the screen 410 is screened. As the sieving proceeds, large particle waste that cannot pass through the sieve mesh falls into the aggregate mechanism 300, the aggregate mechanism 300 changes the taper of the screen 410 according to the weight of the waste therein, and after the change of the taper of the screen 410, the vibration frequency between the slide shaft 200 and the screen 410 also changes. Specifically, the greater the taper of the screen 410, the lower the vibration frequency; the smaller the screen 410 taper, the greater the vibration frequency. By continuously adjusting the taper and vibration frequency of the screen 410, a better screening effect is achieved; a plurality of screens 410 with different screen holes are arranged, so that the purposes of classifying and screening the waste materials and separating the waste materials and dust are realized.

As shown in fig. 2 and 9, a first friction bar 412 is provided on the inner peripheral wall surface of the central hole of the screen 410, and the first friction bar 412 is configured to abut against the slide shaft 200. As the sliding shaft 200 moves axially, vibrations are generated between the sliding shaft 200 and the first friction bar 412, and the first friction bar 412 transmits the vibrations to the screen 410.

Further, the screen 410 is provided with an opening with adjustable size, and the taper of the screen 410 is inversely related to the size of the opening. Specifically, the larger the opening, the smaller the taper of the screen 410; the smaller the opening, the greater the taper of the screen 410.

As shown in fig. 2, 5 and 9, a baffle is respectively disposed at two sides of the opening of the screen 410, a second limiting slot 411 is disposed at one side of the baffle close to the opening, the baffle is used for preventing the waste material on the screen 410 from flying out during the screening process, and the second limiting slot 411 on the baffle is used for limiting the position and the opening size of the screen 410. The frame 100 is provided with a telescopic rod 135 with a hollow interior, the telescopic rod 135 is slidably connected with the second limiting slot 411, and the telescopic rod 135 is used for controlling the opening size of the screen 410. Specifically, the telescopic rod 135 is extended to push the second limiting slot 411 to expand, i.e. the opening of the screen 410 is enlarged, and simultaneously the screen 410 slides outwards relative to the telescopic rod 135 through the second limiting slot 411, so that the taper of the screen 410 is reduced; the telescopic rod 135 is contracted to drive the second limiting slot 411 to retract, namely, the opening of the screen 410 is contracted, and simultaneously, the screen 410 slides inwards relative to the telescopic rod 135 through the second limiting slot 411, so that the taper of the screen 410 is increased.

As shown in fig. 2, 7 and 9, the sliding shaft 200 is provided with a second friction bar group 230 that abuts against the first friction bar 412, and the distance between two adjacent friction bars in the second friction bar group 230 gradually decreases in the axial direction of the sliding shaft 200 and in the top-down direction. When the first friction strip 412 abuts against the friction strips with different pitches in the second friction strip set 230, the generated vibration frequency will be changed correspondingly.

As shown in fig. 2, 5, 6, 7 and 9, the sliding shaft 200 is provided with a limit bar 220, the frame 100 is provided with a matching groove matched with the limit bar 220, and the limit bar 220 is axially slidably arranged in the matching groove, so that the sliding shaft 200 can only axially slide.

Further, the driving wheel 500 is sleeved on the frame 100, a third limit groove 520 is arranged on the driving wheel 500, a limit convex strip matched with the third limit groove 520 is arranged on the frame 100, and the third limit groove 520 is rotatably arranged on the limit convex strip, so that the driving wheel 500 can only rotate.

Further, the sliding shaft 200 is provided with a closed spiral groove 210 with two ends having different heights, the driving wheel 500 is provided with a matching block 530 matched with the closed spiral groove 210, and the matching block 530 is in spiral matching with the closed spiral groove 210. The driving wheel 500 rotates under the action of the motor to drive the matching block 530 to circularly and spirally slide in the closed spiral groove 210, and drive the sliding shaft 200 to do reciprocating axial movement. In the process of reciprocating axial movement of the sliding shaft 200, the friction strips in the second friction strip group 230 continuously push the first friction strips 412, so that vibration is generated, when the range of the friction strips pushed in the second friction strip group 230 is changed, the interval between the friction strips is changed, and the number of times of pushing the first friction strips 412 is also changed, namely the frequency of vibration is changed.

As shown in fig. 1 to 9, the aggregate mechanism 300 includes a bin 310, a stopper 320, a limiting post 330, a telescopic cylinder 340 and a first elastic member 350, and a first limiting groove 132, an oil port 134 and a limiting plate 131 are provided on the frame 100. The aggregate mechanism 300 is sleeved on the frame 100 and is slidably connected to the first limiting groove 132 through a limiting post 330. The bin 310 is outside the frame 100 and below the screen 410. The stop block 320 is located in the bin 310, the stop block 320 is connected with the limiting plate 131 through a first elastic member 350, and the first elastic member 350 always resets the bin 310 or has a resetting trend. The bin 310 collects large particle waste materials which cannot be screened by the screen 410, slides along the first limiting groove 132 under the action of the gravity of the waste materials, stretches the first elastic piece 350, and generates tension to balance the gravity of the waste materials in the bin 310, so that the bin 310 is static, and after the waste materials in the bin 310 are taken out, the bin 310 is reset under the action of the first elastic piece 350.

Further, a telescopic oil cylinder 340 is arranged below the storage bin 310, the telescopic oil cylinder 340 penetrates through the limiting block 136 and is fixed on the limiting block 136, the telescopic oil cylinder 340 is connected with the oil port 134 through a hose, the oil port 134 is communicated with the inside of the telescopic rod 135, and a sealed oil path is formed by the telescopic oil cylinder 340, the hose, the oil port 134 and the telescopic rod 135. The bin 310 slides downwards relative to the frame 100 to compress the telescopic cylinder 340, so that hydraulic oil is transmitted into the telescopic rod 135 through an oil way, the telescopic rod 135 is extruded and stretched by the hydraulic oil, the opening of the screen 410 is pushed to be increased, the screen 410 slides outwards along the second limiting groove 411, and the taper of the screen 410 is reduced; the bin 310 slides upwards relative to the frame 100 to stretch the telescopic cylinder 340, so that hydraulic oil in the telescopic rod 135 is transmitted into the telescopic cylinder 340 through an oil path, the telescopic rod 135 is compressed, the opening of the screen 410 is reduced, the screen 410 slides inwards along the second limiting groove 411, and the taper of the screen 410 is increased.

Further, the screening mechanism 400 further comprises a guiding plate 420, the guiding plate 420 being adapted to guide the movement direction of the screened waste material. The screening mechanism 400 may be provided in plurality to screen the waste multiple times in one pass; the aggregate mechanism 300 can be provided in plurality to collect waste materials with different degrees; the second friction bar set 230 is also provided in plurality for vibrating the sieving mechanism 400, and the sieving mechanism 400, the aggregate mechanism 300 and the second friction bar set 230 are in one-to-one correspondence. Specifically, in this embodiment, the screening mechanism 400 is provided with three screening means, screening a, screening B and screening C, respectively. Along the axial direction of the sliding shaft 200 and in the direction from top to bottom, the sizes of the screening holes on the screening A, the screening B and the screening C screen 410 are sequentially reduced, so that the waste materials can be collected in a grading manner according to the particle size of the waste materials, and finally only the dust is discharged from the slag discharge port 120.

Further, when there are a plurality of the collecting mechanisms 300, two adjacent bins 310 are connected by the first elastic member 350. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the aggregate mechanism 300 is provided with three aggregates, aggregate a, aggregate B, and aggregate C, respectively. Aggregate A is connected with limiting plate 131 through first elastic member 350, aggregate B is connected with aggregate A through first elastic member 350, aggregate C is connected with aggregate B through first elastic member 350, and aggregate C is also connected with limiting plate 131 through first elastic member 350.

In combination with the above embodiment, the use principle and working process of the embodiment of the present invention are as follows:

waste material is fed into the hopper 110 and falls onto the screen 410. Under the initial taper of the screen 410, part of the waste larger than the holes of the screen 410 of the layer rolls into the surrounding bins 310, part of the smaller waste falls onto the guide plate 420 below the screen 410 through the holes, and the rest of the waste stays on the screen 410 (at this time, the screening speed is higher, but the screening precision is not high).

The motor is started, the driving wheel 500 starts to rotate, and the matching block 530 on the driving wheel 500 circularly slides in the closed spiral groove 210 of the sliding shaft 200, so that the sliding shaft 200 makes reciprocating axial movement. During the movement of the sliding shaft 200, the second friction bar group 230 on the sliding shaft 200 continuously pushes against the first friction bar 412 on the screen 410, so that vibration is generated between the sliding shaft 200 and the screen 410, and the screen 410 starts to screen the waste material remained thereon.

Along with the screening, the large particle waste in the bin 310 is gradually increased, the bin 310 is affected by the gravity of the waste in the bin 310, and slides downwards relative to the frame 100 along the first limit groove 132, so that the telescopic cylinder 340 below the bin 310 is contracted, hydraulic oil is extruded and conveyed into the telescopic rod 135 above, the telescopic rod 135 stretches, the opening of the screen 410 is increased, the screen 410 slides outwards along the second limit groove 411, the taper of the screen 410 is reduced, and the position of the first friction strip 412 is relatively lowered. The smaller taper of the screen 410 increases the contact area of the waste material with the screen 410 and improves the screening accuracy (but the screening speed decreases).

The first friction strip 412 is relatively lowered to be in contact with the friction strip below the second friction strip set 230, and because the interval between the friction strips below the second friction strip set 230 is smaller, the number of times the second friction strip set 230 pushes against the first friction strip 412 increases, that is, the frequency of vibration of the screen 410 becomes larger, so that the screening efficiency of the screen 410 is improved (the screening speed is improved, but the screening speed under the initial taper is not exceeded). The sieved waste falls onto the lower guide plate 420, falls onto the next screen 410 under the guide of the guide plate 420, and repeats the above sieving process.

After multiple passes of screening, a batch of waste is classified into different grades according to the size of the granularity, and the dust is finally screened to the bottom and discharged or collected from the slag discharge opening 120. After the motor is stopped and the waste in the storage bin 310 is taken out, the storage bin 310 is reset under the action of the first elastic piece 350, hydraulic oil in the telescopic rod 135 returns to the telescopic cylinder 340, the telescopic rod 135 is reset, the opening of the screen 410 is restored to the normal size, the screen 410 slides inwards along the second limiting groove 411, the initial taper is restored, and the next batch of waste is waited for screening.

The technical features of the above embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.

The foregoing examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention and are described in detail herein without thereby limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A waste screening device for machining mechanical parts, comprising:

a frame (100);

the screen (410), the screen (410) is movably connected to the frame (100), the screen (410) is integrally in a frustum shape, a through hole is formed in the center of the screen (410), and the taper of the screen (410) is adjustable;

the sliding shaft (200) is arranged in the through hole in a penetrating mode, the sliding shaft (200) can vibrate along the axial direction and drive the screen (410) to vibrate, the vibration frequency of the sliding shaft (200) and the taper of the screen (410) form a negative correlation, a first friction strip (412) is arranged on the inner peripheral wall surface of the through hole, the first friction strip (412) is abutted to the sliding shaft (200), an opening with an adjustable size is arranged on the screen (410), the taper of the screen (410) and the size of the opening form a negative correlation, baffles are arranged on two sides of the opening, and a second limit groove (411) is formed in one side, close to the opening, of the baffles; the frame (100) is provided with a telescopic rod (135) with a hollow inside, and the telescopic rod (135) is in sliding connection with the second limiting groove (411); the telescopic rod (135) is used for controlling the size of the opening, the sliding shaft (200) is provided with a second friction strip group (230) which is abutted against the first friction strip (412), the second friction strip group (230) comprises a plurality of second friction strips, the spacing between two adjacent second friction strips in the second friction strip group (230) is gradually reduced along the axial direction and the top-down direction of the sliding shaft (200), the sliding shaft (200) is provided with a limit strip (220), the frame (100) is provided with a matching groove which is matched with the limit strip (220), the limit strip (220) is axially slidably arranged in the matching groove, when the sliding shaft (200) axially slides, the second friction strip pushes the first friction strip (412), the telescopic rod further comprises a bin (310), the frame (100) is provided with a limit plate (131), the limit plate (131) is always connected with the bin (310) through a first elastic piece (350), the first elastic piece (350) has a reset taper, the first piece (350) is enabled to be in the frame (310) or the telescopic rod (310) is enabled to have a large reset trend, the telescopic rod (310) is controlled by the telescopic rod (310) and the telescopic rod (410) is in the frame (310), the telescopic oil cylinder penetrates through the limiting block and is fixed on the limiting block, the telescopic oil cylinder is connected with the oil port through the hose, the oil port is communicated with the inside of the telescopic rod, so that a sealed oil path is formed by the telescopic oil cylinder, the hose, the oil port and the telescopic rod, the telescopic oil cylinder can be compressed when the bin slides downwards relative to the frame, hydraulic oil is transmitted into the telescopic rod through the oil path, the telescopic rod is extruded and stretched by the hydraulic oil, the opening of the screen is pushed to be increased, the screen slides outwards along the second limiting groove, and the taper of the screen is reduced; in sliding shaft motion, the first friction strip on the screen cloth is constantly pushed by the second friction strip group on the sliding shaft, and then vibration is generated between the sliding shaft and the screen cloth, the screen cloth starts to screen waste materials staying on the screen cloth, along with the screening, large particle waste materials in the storage bin are gradually increased, the storage bin is affected by the gravity of the waste materials in the storage bin, the storage bin slides downwards relative to the frame along the first limiting groove, the telescopic cylinder below the storage bin is contracted, hydraulic oil is extruded and conveyed into the telescopic rod above, the telescopic rod stretches, the screen cloth opening is increased, the screen cloth slides outwards along the second limiting groove, the screen cloth taper is reduced, the position of the first friction strip is relatively lowered, the screen cloth taper is reduced, the contact area between the waste materials and the screen cloth is increased, the screening precision is improved, the position of the first friction strip is relatively lowered, the contact with the friction strip below the second friction strip group is in contact, the number of pushing the first friction strip of the second friction strip group is increased, the frequency of vibration of the screen cloth is increased, and the screening efficiency of the screen cloth is improved.

2. The scrap screening apparatus in accordance with claim 1, wherein said screen (410) is provided in plural, and the aperture diameter of the mesh holes of said screen (410) is gradually reduced in the axial and downward direction of said sliding shaft (200); the second friction strip group (230) is provided with a plurality, the bin (310) is provided with a plurality, and the screen cloth (410), the second friction strip group (230) and the bin (310) are uniformly corresponding.

3. Waste screening device for the processing of mechanical parts according to claim 2, characterized in that two adjacent silos (310) are connected by means of the first elastic element (350).