CN115069528A

CN115069528A - Waste screening device for machining mechanical parts

Info

Publication number: CN115069528A
Application number: CN202211002843.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄三妹; 李晓琳
Original assignee: Sihong Xinlong Machinery Casting Co ltd
Current assignee: Sihong Xinlong Machinery Casting Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-08-22
Filing date: 2022-08-22
Publication date: 2022-09-20
Anticipated expiration: 2042-08-22
Also published as: CN115069528B

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of material screening, in particular to a waste screening device for machining mechanical parts. The screen is movably connected to the frame, the whole screen is in a frustum shape, a through hole is formed in the center of the screen, and the taper of the screen is adjustable; the sliding shaft penetrates through the through hole, the sliding shaft can vibrate along the axial direction and drive the screen to vibrate, and the vibration frequency of the sliding shaft and the taper of the screen form a negative correlation relationship. The vibration frequency of sliding shaft and screen cloth tapering can control screening efficiency, through setting up the different screen cloth of a plurality of mesh aperture for the separation waste material with dust wherein, and to doing further screening to the waste material according to particle size.

Description

Waste screening device for machining mechanical parts

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of material screening, in particular to a waste screening device for machining mechanical parts.

Background

In the production and processing process of mechanical parts, waste materials generated in the production process need to be recycled. The waste materials are screened during recycling, so that the subsequent treatment of different waste materials is facilitated, and the recycling of the waste materials is facilitated. For example, chinese patent CN213529604U provides a waste treatment device for machining parts, which is configured to facilitate separation of waste and dust, and improve the collection and treatment effect of waste. The device includes the base, handle the case, two sets of supports, two sets of first motors, two sets of cams, small aperture screening board, two sets of baffles, two sets of first fixed plates, two sets of shrink pole, two sets of springs, two sets of second fixed plates, eight fixing bolt and eight gaskets of organizing, base top and processing bottom of the case end fixed connection, it is equipped with feed hopper to handle the top of the case end, two sets of supports are the left and right sides on base top respectively fixed mounting, first motor bottom and support top fixed connection, the output of cam and first motor is connected, cam and small aperture screening board bottom rotate to be connected, both ends are equipped with the opening respectively about handling the case, small aperture screening board passes the opening of handling the case, the both ends at small aperture screening board are fixed respectively to two sets of baffles, and baffle and the contact of handling incasement wall.

However, the waste treatment device for machining parts provided by the above patent only separates waste from dust due to incomplete waste screening in the waste screening process, does not perform more careful screening on the waste, and is not convenient for recovery and treatment of the waste.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a waste screening device for machining mechanical parts, which can separate waste from dust and screen and collect the waste according to different sizes, aiming at the problem of incomplete screening in the current waste recycling.

The above purpose is realized by the following technical scheme:

a waste screening device for machining of mechanical parts, comprising:

a frame;

the screen is movably connected to the rack, the whole screen is in a frustum shape, a through hole is formed in the center of the screen, and the taper of the screen is adjustable;

the sliding shaft penetrates through the through hole, the sliding shaft can vibrate along the axial direction and drive the screen to vibrate, and the vibration frequency of the sliding shaft and the taper of the screen form a negative correlation relationship.

Furthermore, a first friction strip is arranged on the inner peripheral wall surface of the through hole and is abutted against the sliding shaft.

Furthermore, the screen is provided with an opening with adjustable size, and the taper of the screen and the size of the opening form a negative correlation relationship.

Furthermore, baffle plates are arranged on two sides of the opening, and a second limiting groove is formed in one side, close to the opening, of each baffle plate; the frame is provided with a hollow telescopic rod, and the telescopic rod is connected with the second limiting groove in a sliding manner; the telescopic rod is used for controlling the size of the opening.

Furthermore, a second friction strip group is arranged on the sliding shaft and is in contact with the first friction strips, and the distance between two adjacent second friction strips in the second friction strip group is gradually reduced along the axial direction of the sliding shaft and the direction from top to bottom.

Furthermore, the sliding shaft is provided with a limiting strip, the rack is provided with a matching groove matched with the limiting strip, the limiting strip is axially slidably arranged in the matching groove, and when the sliding shaft axially slides, the second friction strip pushes the first friction strip.

Further, still include the feed bin, be equipped with the limiting plate in the frame, the limiting plate pass through first elastic component with the feed bin is connected, first elastic component makes always the feed bin resets or has the trend that resets, the feed bin receives inside granule waste material gravity to influence and is in slide in the frame.

Further, the feed bin slide control the telescopic link is flexible, the telescopic link is flexible control screen cloth opening size with the screen cloth tapering.

Furthermore, the screen meshes are arranged in a plurality of numbers, and the aperture of the screen meshes on the screen meshes is gradually reduced along the axial direction of the sliding shaft and the downward direction; the second friction strip group is provided with a plurality of, the feed bin is provided with a plurality of, the screen cloth the second friction strip group with the equal one-to-one correspondence of feed bin.

Further, two adjacent bins are connected through the first elastic piece.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention relates to a waste screening device for machining mechanical parts. The screen is movably connected to the frame, the whole screen is in a frustum shape, a through hole is formed in the center of the screen, and the taper of the screen is adjustable; the sliding shaft penetrates through the through hole, the sliding shaft can vibrate along the axial direction and drive the screen to vibrate, and the vibration frequency of the sliding shaft and the taper of the screen form a negative correlation relationship. The vibration frequency of sliding shaft and screen cloth tapering can control screening efficiency, through setting up the different screen cloth of a plurality of mesh aperture for the separation waste material with dust wherein, and to doing further screening to the waste material according to particle size.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a waste screening device for machining mechanical parts according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a waste screening device for machining of mechanical parts as provided in the embodiment of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of a waste screening device for machining mechanical parts at A according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an exploded view of a waste screening device for machining mechanical components according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a frame structure of a waste screening device for machining mechanical parts according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a driving wheel of a waste screening device for machining mechanical parts according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a sliding shaft structure of a waste screening device for machining mechanical parts according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a material collecting mechanism of a waste material sieving device for machining mechanical parts according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a screening mechanism of a waste screening device for machining mechanical parts according to an embodiment of the present invention

Wherein:

100. a frame; 110. a feed hopper; 120. a slag discharge port; 131. A limiting plate; 132. a first limit groove; 134. an oil port; 135. a telescopic rod; 136. a limiting block; 200. a sliding shaft; 210. closing the spiral groove; 220. a limiting strip; 230. a second friction bar set; 300. a material collecting mechanism; 310. a storage bin; 320. a stopper; 330. a limiting column; 340. a telescopic oil cylinder; 350. a first elastic member; 400. a screening mechanism; 410. screening a screen; 411. a second limit groove; 412. a first rubbing strip; 420. a guide plate; 500. a drive wheel; 520. A third limiting groove; 530. and (6) matching the blocks.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below by way of embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

The numbering of the components themselves, such as "first", "second", etc., is used herein only to distinguish between the objects depicted and not to have any sequential or technical meaning. The term "connected" and "coupled" when used in this application, unless otherwise indicated, includes both direct and indirect connections (couplings). In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

As shown in fig. 1 to 9, a waste screening apparatus for machining mechanical parts according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a frame 100, a sliding shaft 200, a collecting mechanism 300, a screening mechanism 400, and a driving wheel 500. The main body of the screening mechanism 400 is a screen 410, the screen 410 is movably connected to the frame 100, the screen 410 is in a frustum shape as a whole, a through hole is formed in the center of the screen 410, and the taper of the screen 410 is adjustable. The sliding shaft 200 passes through the through hole of the screen 410, the screen 410 is driven to vibrate by the vibration energy of the sliding shaft 200 along the axial direction, and the vibration frequency of the sliding shaft 200 is in a negative correlation with the taper of the screen 410.

Specifically, after the waste material falls onto the screen 410 primarily, the waste material is screened due to the initial taper of the screen 410, and at the same time, when the motor is started, the driving wheel 500 drives the sliding shaft 200 to perform reciprocating axial movement, so that vibration is generated between the sliding shaft 200 and the screen 410, and the screen 410 is screened. As the screening is performed, large-sized waste materials that cannot pass through the screening holes fall into the collecting mechanism 300, the collecting mechanism 300 changes the taper of the screen 410 according to the weight of the waste materials therein, and the vibration frequency between the sliding shaft 200 and the screen 410 is changed after the taper of the screen 410 is changed. Specifically, the larger the taper of the screen 410, the smaller the vibration frequency; the smaller the taper of the screen 410, the greater the vibration frequency. A better screening effect is achieved by continuously adjusting the taper and the vibration frequency of the screen 410; a plurality of screens 410 with different screen holes are arranged to realize the purposes of classifying and screening the waste materials and separating the waste materials and the dust.

As shown in fig. 2 and 9, a first friction strip 412 is provided on the inner peripheral wall surface of the central through hole of the mesh 410, and the first friction strip 412 is used to abut against the slide shaft 200. When the sliding shaft 200 moves axially, vibration is generated between the sliding shaft 200 and the first rubbing strip 412, and the first rubbing strip 412 transmits the vibration to the screen 410.

Further, the screen 410 is provided with an opening with adjustable size, and the taper of the screen 410 is in a negative correlation with the size of the opening. Specifically, the larger the opening, the smaller the taper of the screen 410; the smaller the openings, the greater the taper of the screen 410.

As shown in fig. 2, 5 and 9, two sides of the opening of the screen 410 are respectively provided with a baffle, one side of the baffle close to the opening is provided with a second limiting groove 411, the baffle is used for preventing waste materials on the screen 410 from flying out in the screening process, and the second limiting groove 411 on the baffle is used for limiting the position and the opening size of the screen 410. The frame 100 is provided with an expansion link 135 with a hollow interior, the expansion link 135 is slidably connected with the second limit slot 411, and the expansion link 135 is used for controlling the size of the opening of the screen 410. Specifically, the expansion rod 135 is extended to push the second limiting groove 411 to expand, that is, the opening of the screen 410 is expanded, and meanwhile, the screen 410 slides outwards relative to the expansion rod 135 through the second limiting groove 411, so that the taper of the screen 410 is reduced; the telescopic rod 135 contracts to drive the second limiting groove 411 to retract, namely, the opening of the screen 410 is reduced, meanwhile, the screen 410 slides inwards relative to the telescopic rod 135 through the second limiting groove 411, and the taper of the screen 410 is increased.

As shown in fig. 2, 7, and 9, the slide shaft 200 is provided with a second rubbing strip group 230 abutting against the first rubbing strip 412, and the distance between two adjacent rubbing strips in the second rubbing strip group 230 is gradually reduced in the axial direction of the slide shaft 200 and in the top-to-bottom direction. When the first rubbing strip 412 abuts with the rubbing strips with different intervals in the second rubbing strip group 230, the generated vibration frequency is changed correspondingly.

As shown in fig. 2, 5, 6, 7 and 9, the sliding shaft 200 is provided with a position-limiting strip 220, the frame 100 is provided with a fitting groove fitted with the position-limiting strip 220, and the position-limiting strip 220 is axially slidably provided in the fitting groove so that the sliding shaft 200 can only axially slide.

Further, the driving wheel 500 is sleeved on the rack 100, the driving wheel 500 is provided with a third limiting groove 520, the rack 100 is provided with a limiting convex strip matched with the third limiting groove 520, and the third limiting groove 520 is rotatably arranged on the limiting convex strip, so that the driving wheel 500 can only rotate.

Further, the sliding shaft 200 is provided with a closed spiral groove 210 having different heights at both ends, the driving wheel 500 is provided with a fitting block 530 fitted with the closed spiral groove 210, and the fitting block 530 is screw-fitted with the closed spiral groove 210. The driving wheel 500 rotates under the action of the motor to drive the matching block 530 to circularly and spirally slide in the closed spiral groove 210, and drive the sliding shaft 200 to do reciprocating axial motion. During the reciprocating axial movement of the sliding shaft 200, the rubbing strips in the second rubbing strip group 230 continuously push the first rubbing strip 412, so as to generate vibration, when the range of the friction strips pushed in the second rubbing strip group 230 is changed, the distance between the rubbing strips is changed, and the number of times of pushing the first rubbing strip 412 is also changed, that is, the frequency of vibration is changed.

As shown in fig. 1 to 9, the collecting mechanism 300 includes a bin 310, a stopper 320, a limiting post 330, a telescopic cylinder 340 and a first elastic member 350, and the rack 100 is provided with a first limiting groove 132, an oil port 134 and a limiting plate 131. The collecting mechanism 300 is sleeved on the rack 100 and slidably connected to the first limiting groove 132 through a limiting post 330. The silo 310 is outside the frame 100 and below the screen 410. The stopper 320 is located in the bin 310, the stopper 320 is connected with the limiting plate 131 through the first elastic member 350, and the first elastic member 350 always resets the bin 310 or has a resetting tendency. The big granule waste material that screen cloth 410 can not be sieved is collected to feed bin 310, and under the waste material action of gravity, slides along first spacing groove 132, tensile first elastic component 350, and first elastic component 350 produces pulling force and feed bin 310 in waste material gravity balance, makes feed bin 310 static, and the back is taken out to waste material in the feed bin 310, and feed bin 310 resets under the effect of first elastic component 350.

Further, a telescopic oil cylinder 340 is arranged below the storage bin 310, the telescopic oil cylinder 340 penetrates through the limiting block 136 and is fixed on the limiting block 136, the telescopic oil cylinder 340 is connected with the oil port 134 through a hose, and the oil port 134 is communicated with the inside of the telescopic rod 135, so that the telescopic oil cylinder 340, the hose, the oil port 134 and the telescopic rod 135 form a sealed oil path. The bin 310 slides downwards relative to the rack 100 to compress the telescopic cylinder 340, so that hydraulic oil is conveyed into the telescopic rod 135 through an oil path, the telescopic rod 135 is extruded and extended by the hydraulic oil to push the opening of the screen 410 to be enlarged, the screen 410 slides outwards along the second limiting groove 411, and the taper of the screen 410 is reduced; the storage bin 310 slides upwards relative to the rack 100 and can stretch the telescopic oil cylinder 340, hydraulic oil in the telescopic rod 135 is conveyed into the telescopic oil cylinder 340 through an oil path, the telescopic rod 135 is compressed, the opening of the screen 410 is reduced, the screen 410 slides inwards along the second limiting groove 411, and the taper of the screen 410 is increased.

Further, the screening mechanism 400 further includes a guide plate 420, and the guide plate 420 is used for guiding the movement direction of the screened waste material. The screening mechanism 400 may be provided in plural, and the waste is screened plural times in one process; the collecting mechanism 300 can be arranged in a plurality of numbers, and waste materials with different degrees are collected; the second friction bar group 230 is also provided in plurality for vibrating the screening mechanism 400, and the screening mechanism 400, the collecting mechanism 300 and the second friction bar group 230 are in one-to-one correspondence. Specifically, in this embodiment, the screening mechanism 400 is provided with three, which are screening a, screening B, and screening C. Along the axial and top-down direction of sliding shaft 200, the size of sieve mesh on screening A, screening B and screening C screen cloth 410 reduces in proper order, is convenient for collect the waste material in grades according to the particle size of waste material, only lets the dust discharge from row cinder notch 120 finally.

Further, when there are a plurality of the collecting mechanisms 300, two adjacent bins 310 are connected by the first elastic member 350. In the embodiment, the material collecting mechanism 300 is provided with three material collecting mechanisms, namely material collecting mechanism a, material collecting mechanism B and material collecting mechanism C. Aggregate A is connected with limiting plate 131 through first elastic component 350, aggregate B is connected with aggregate A through first elastic component 350, aggregate C is connected with aggregate B through first elastic component 350, aggregate C still is connected with limiting plate 131 through first elastic component 350 simultaneously.

With reference to the above embodiments, the usage principle and the working process of the embodiments of the present invention are as follows:

waste is thrown into the hopper 110 and falls onto the screen 410. At the initial taper of the screen 410, a part of the waste material larger than the screen holes of the screen 410 falls into the surrounding bin 310, a part of the smaller waste material falls onto the guide plate 420 below the screen 410 through the screen holes, and the rest of the waste material stays on the screen 410 (at this time, the screening speed is faster, but the screening accuracy is not high).

When the motor is started, the driving wheel 500 starts to rotate, and the engaging block 530 on the driving wheel 500 circularly slides in the closed spiral groove 210 of the sliding shaft 200, so that the sliding shaft 200 makes reciprocating axial movement. During the movement of the sliding shaft 200, the second friction bar group 230 on the sliding shaft 200 continuously pushes the first friction bar 412 on the screen 410, so that the vibration is generated between the sliding shaft 200 and the screen 410, and the screen 410 begins to screen the waste material staying thereon.

Along with the screening, large-particle waste materials in the bin 310 also increase gradually, the bin 310 is influenced by the gravity of the waste materials therein, and slides downwards relative to the rack 100 along the first limiting groove 132, so that the telescopic cylinder 340 below the bin 310 contracts, hydraulic oil is extruded and conveyed to the telescopic rod 135 above the bin, the telescopic rod 135 extends, the opening of the screen 410 is enlarged, the screen 410 slides outwards along the second limiting groove 411, the taper of the screen 410 is reduced, and the position of the first friction strip 412 relatively descends. The reduced taper of the screen 410 increases the contact area of the waste material with the screen 410 and improves the screening accuracy (but reduces the screening speed).

The first rubbing strip 412 is relatively lowered to abut against the rubbing strips at the lower part in the second rubbing strip group 230, and the spacing between the rubbing strips at the lower part in the second rubbing strip group 230 is small, so that the frequency of pushing the first rubbing strip 412 by the second rubbing strip group 230 is increased, that is, the frequency of vibration of the screen 410 is increased, and the screening efficiency of the screen 410 is improved (the screening speed is increased, but the screening speed at the initial taper is not exceeded). The screened waste material falls onto the lower guide plate 420, falls onto the next screen 410 under the guidance of the guide plate 420, and repeats the screening process.

After multiple screening, a batch of waste materials are classified into different grades according to the granularity, and the dust is finally screened to the lowest part and discharged or collected from the slag discharge port 120. The motor stops, takes out the waste material in the feed bin 310 after, feed bin 310 resets under the effect of first elastic component 350, and during telescopic cylinder 340 was got back to hydraulic oil in the telescopic link 135, telescopic link 135 reset, made screen cloth 410 opening resume normal size, screen cloth 410 recovered initial tapering along the inside slip of second spacing groove 411, awaits to sieve next batch of waste material.

The technical features of the above embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described, but should be considered as the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A waste screening device for machining of mechanical parts, comprising:

a frame (100);

the screen (410) is movably connected to the frame (100), the screen (410) is integrally in a frustum shape, a through hole is formed in the center of the screen (410), and the taper of the screen (410) is adjustable;

the sliding shaft (200), the sliding shaft (200) wear to locate the via hole, the sliding shaft (200) can vibrate and drive along the axial direction the vibration of screen cloth (410), the vibration frequency of sliding shaft (200) with screen cloth (410) tapering becomes negative correlation.

2. The waste screening device for machining of mechanical parts and components as claimed in claim 1, wherein a first rubbing strip (412) is arranged on the inner peripheral wall surface of the through hole, and the first rubbing strip (412) abuts against the sliding shaft (200).

3. The waste screening device for machining of mechanical parts and components as claimed in claim 2, wherein the screen (410) is provided with openings with adjustable size, and the taper of the screen (410) is in negative correlation with the size of the openings.

4. The waste screening device for machining mechanical parts and components as claimed in claim 3, wherein baffles are arranged on two sides of the opening, and a second limiting groove (411) is arranged on one side, close to the opening, of each baffle; an expansion rod (135) with a hollow inner part is arranged on the rack (100), and the expansion rod (135) is connected with the second limit groove (411) in a sliding manner; the telescopic rod (135) is used for controlling the size of the opening.

5. The waste screening device for machining mechanical parts as claimed in claim 2, wherein a second friction strip group (230) abutting against the first friction strip (412) is arranged on the sliding shaft (200), the second friction strip group (230) comprises a plurality of second friction strips, and the distance between two adjacent second friction strips in the second friction strip group (230) is gradually reduced along the axial direction and the top-down direction of the sliding shaft (200).

6. The waste screening device for machining mechanical parts as claimed in claim 5, wherein a limiting strip (220) is arranged on the sliding shaft (200), a matching groove matched with the limiting strip (220) is arranged on the rack (100), the limiting strip (220) can be axially and slidably arranged in the matching groove, and when the sliding shaft (200) axially slides, the second friction strip pushes the first friction strip (412).

7. The waste screening device for machining of mechanical parts and components as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a bin (310), wherein a limit plate (131) is arranged on the frame (100), the limit plate (131) is connected with the bin (310) through a first elastic member (350), the first elastic member (350) always resets the bin (310) or has a reset tendency, and the bin (310) slides on the frame (100) under the influence of gravity of the internal granular waste.

8. The waste screening device for machining of mechanical parts and components as claimed in claim 7, wherein the bin (310) slidingly controls the telescopic rod (135) to extend and retract, and the telescopic rod (135) extends and retracts to control the opening size of the screen (410) and the taper of the screen (410).

9. The waste screening device for machining of mechanical parts and components as claimed in claim 8, wherein said screen mesh (410) is provided in plurality, and the aperture of the screen mesh on the plurality of screen mesh (410) is gradually reduced along the axial direction of said sliding shaft (200) and from bottom to top; the second friction strip group (230) is provided with a plurality of friction strips, the storage bin (310) is provided with a plurality of friction strips, and the screen (410), the second friction strip group (230) and the storage bin (310) are in one-to-one correspondence.

10. The waste screening device for machining of mechanical parts of claim 9, wherein two adjacent bins (310) are connected by the first elastic member (350).