CN115067968A - Neural modulation systems and methods - Google Patents
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Abstract
The application discloses a neuromodulation method and system, the method comprising: acquiring an active value of a nervous system to be tested region of a user to be tested; judging whether the activity value of the nervous system region to be tested of the user to be tested falls into an activity threshold range, if so, applying one or more first stimuli to the region to be tested of the user to be tested so as to adjust the activity value of the region to be tested of the user to be tested to fall into the activity threshold range; and if the activity value is smaller than the minimum value of the activity threshold range, applying one or more second stimuli to the area to be tested of the user to be tested so as to adjust the activity value of the area to be tested of the user to be tested to enable the activity value to fall into the activity threshold range.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of neuroscience, and more particularly, to a neuromodulation system and method.
Background
At present, there are technical means for regulating the nervous system by external stimulation, for example, by electrical stimulation, magnetic stimulation, optical stimulation, sound stimulation, vibration stimulation, and the like.
However, the existing neural regulation scheme has large variation of regulation effect, and for different users to be detected or regulated users, the regulation effect is good sometimes, but not good sometimes, even negative effect is generated; even for the same user to be tested, the non-uniformity of the traditional neural regulation scheme is high. Therefore, the traditional nerve regulation scheme has high inconsistency of regulation effect and poor stability.
Disclosure of Invention
After a great deal of hard scientific research activities, the inventor of the application finds that the traditional nerve regulation and control scheme has large inconsistency of regulation and control effects and poor stability, wherein a very important reason is to neglect the active state of the nervous system of a user to be detected or a regulated person, and the nerve regulation and control effects are highly related to the active state of the nervous system of the regulated person.
The nervous system of the human body has different activity values of the internal neural network under different states. For example, in a resting state, a default network of the human nervous system is in activity, keeping basic physiological activity of the human body in the resting state; in a dynamic or task state, more functional areas of the nervous system are called. For example, in a task state of executing memory, it is necessary to call up functional regions such as the hippocampus and prefrontal lobe because the hippocampus is responsible for short-term memory, and when the human brain handles a memory task, it is necessary to select contents from the long-term memory information of the prefrontal lobe responsible for long-term memory and compare the contents with the short-term memory information; in the resting state, these functional areas are not generally called. The traditional nerve regulation and control scheme does not consider different characteristics of a nerve system in a resting state and a dynamic state, and the nerve regulation and control is directly started in the resting state mostly, and the nerve system is not in the dynamic active state at the moment, so that the defect or obstacle of the nerve activity of the nerve system is not exposed, the regulation and control effect is not reliable, the regulation and control effect is effective and ineffective, the regulation and control effect is good and poor, and the regulation and control effect stability is poor.
For example, some people have a state of even lower mental alertness due to neuromodulation when the nervous system is inactive; while in an active state, neuromodulation may result in relatively better regulation, such as enhancing emotional control and mental state. Therefore, in the conventional neuromodulation scheme, since how the active state of the nervous system of the user to be tested or the person to be modulated and how the association between the active state and the neuromodulation are not taken into consideration, before or during neuromodulation of the person to be modulated, the active state (or the excitation state) of the nervous system of the person to be modulated is not identified and adjusted, so that inconsistency and instability of the neuromodulation effect are caused.
To overcome at least some of the above-mentioned deficiencies, the present application proposes a neuromodulation system comprising: an activation device for identifying a region to be tested of a nervous system of a user to be tested so that the region to be tested of the nervous system of the user to be tested falls within an activity threshold range, the activation device comprising: an activity value recognition means and an activation stimulus generation means, wherein: the active value identification device is used for identifying whether the active value of the area to be detected of the user to be detected falls into an active threshold range or not, if the active value is larger than the maximum value of the active threshold range, the activation stimulation generation device applies one or more first stimulations to the area to be detected of the user to be detected so as to adjust the active value of the area to be detected of the user to be detected to enable the active value to fall into the active threshold range; and if the active value is smaller than the minimum value of the active threshold range, the activation stimulation generation device applies one or more second stimulations to the area to be tested of the user to be tested so as to adjust the active value of the area to be tested of the user to be tested to enable the active value to fall into the active threshold range.
According to another aspect of the present application, there is also provided a neuromodulation method, wherein the neuromodulation method comprises: acquiring an active value of a nervous system to be tested region of a user to be tested; judging whether the activity value of the nervous system region to be tested of the user to be tested falls into an activity threshold range, if so, applying one or more first stimuli to the region to be tested of the user to be tested so as to adjust the activity value of the region to be tested of the user to be tested to fall into the activity threshold range; and if the activity value is smaller than the minimum value of the activity threshold range, applying one or more second stimuli to the area to be tested of the user to be tested so as to adjust the activity value of the area to be tested of the user to be tested to enable the activity value to fall into the activity threshold range.
According to the preferred technical scheme of the application, the active state of the region to be detected can be identified before the start of the neural regulation and/or in the neural regulation process, and the user to be detected is activated and stimulated before and/or in the neural regulation process, so that the active value of the nervous system of the user to be detected or a regulated person is considered in the neural regulation, and the neural regulation effect can be improved more effectively.
Additional features and advantages of the present application will be described in detail in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a system architecture of a neuromodulation system and method according to a preferred embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a system architecture of a neuromodulation system and method according to another preferred embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the effect of neuromodulation according to control experiments.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.
As shown in the figures, the present application provides a neuromodulation method, wherein the neuromodulation method comprises: acquiring an active value of a nervous system to be tested region of a user to be tested; judging whether the activity value of the nervous system region to be tested of the user to be tested falls into an activity threshold range, if so, applying one or more first stimuli to the region to be tested of the user to be tested so as to adjust the activity value of the region to be tested of the user to be tested to fall into the activity threshold range; and if the activity value is smaller than the minimum value of the activity threshold range, applying one or more second stimuli to the area to be tested of the user to be tested so as to adjust the activity value of the area to be tested of the user to be tested to enable the activity value to fall into the activity threshold range.
Therefore, depending on whether the region to be tested of the user to be tested falls within the active threshold range, the first stimulus or the second stimulus as the activation stimulus applied to the region to be tested of the user to be tested may be generated. Preferably, the nerve regulation and control method may generate an external stimulus for regulating and controlling the region to be measured of the nervous system of the user to be measured, and apply the external stimulus to the user to be measured. The external stimulus may be at least one and/or one of a light stimulus signal, a sound stimulus signal, a vibration stimulus signal, an electrical stimulus signal, a pressure stimulus signal, a spatial localization stimulus signal. Therefore, the external stimulation for nerve modulation may be any one of a light stimulation signal, a sound stimulation signal, a pressure stimulation signal, a spatial localization stimulation signal, a vibration stimulation signal, an electrical stimulation signal, a magnetic stimulation signal, and an acupuncture stimulation. The external stimuli can be selected according to the specific application scenario of neuromodulation.
Compared with the traditional nerve regulation scheme, the technical scheme of the application focuses on the active state or the excitation state of the to-be-measured area of the nervous system of the to-be-measured user or the to-be-regulated person. In this application, the activity state or activity value of the region of the nervous system to be measured may be understood as an excitatory state or an activity value of neurons in the nervous system or a specific region thereof, in particular the activity level of the ascending reticular system of the brain. Therefore, the first stimulation or the second stimulation for activating the region to be measured is combined during the neural regulation, so that (the active state can be identified before the neural regulation is started and/or in the neural regulation process, and) the regulated person is activated and stimulated before and/or in the neural regulation process, so that the active value of the nervous system of the user to be measured or the regulated person is combined and considered in the neural regulation, and the neural regulation effect can be more effectively improved.
The activation stimulus (the first or second stimulus) may have a variety of forms, such as motor tasks, breathing control, images, video, music, voice conversations, tactile stimuli, temperature stimuli, challenging questions or games, etc. cognitive tasks. The activation stimulation aims at activating the nervous system of the user to be tested to an active state; the external stimuli provided by the external stimulus generating device focus on performing neuromodulation. The first and second stimuli may be the same type of activation stimuli but with different parameters, or may be different types of activation stimuli. For example, the first and second stimuli may both be in the form of pictures, but one is a smiley face emotion and the other is an angry emotion; as another example, the first and second stimuli may both be sound stimuli, but one is soothing music and the other is intense music.
The active value may include at least one of: the biological index data of the user to be tested, the biological electric signal data of the user to be tested, the imaging data of the user to be tested and the cognitive function training task execution data of the user to be tested. The threshold range of activity values may be determined according to the following table.
Other measurement methods include sensitivity to light and sound variations and reaction speed. Self-reporting is also a common measure of activity level. For example, in the execution data of the cognitive function training task, if one or more parameters of the execution data of the user to be tested are changed in an expected manner, it may be determined that the region to be tested falls within the active threshold range, and if the accuracy and/or the reaction speed of the user to be tested in executing the cognitive task falls within the threshold range, it may be determined that the region to be tested corresponding to the user to be tested in executing the task falls within the active threshold range. As another example, in the case of EEG detection, if the logarithmic power spectral density of an alpha wave in a brain wave signal falls within a threshold range, it can be determined that the logarithmic power spectral density falls within an activity threshold range. For another example, if the core body temperature is within the threshold range and/or the heart rate is within the threshold range, it may be determined that the region of the human nervous system that controls body temperature and/or heart rate falls within the activity threshold range. In addition, a norm or constant (i.e., a quantized value in a normal state) indicative of the various parameters described above is also used as the active threshold range.
Therefore, when activating the region to be tested of the user to be tested, it may be first identified whether the active value of the region to be tested of the user to be tested falls within the active threshold range, and then the activation stimulus (the first stimulus or the second stimulus) applied to the user to be tested is generated according to the identified condition, for example, which activation stimulus, parameters of various activation stimuli, and the like are selected. Preferably, the neuromodulation method comprises: stimulus adjustment instructions to adjust the first or second stimulus parameters according to the activity value identification data of the user to be tested, wherein preferably the parameters of the first or second stimulus comprise at least one of: type, content, duration, intensity, emotional factors of the activation stimulus. Therefore, under the control of the control device, a good matching relation between the activity value of the user to be tested and the first stimulus or the second stimulus can be realized.
When the nerve regulation combined with the activation stimulation is carried out, if the activity value recognition device recognizes that the region to be detected of the user to be detected falls into the activity threshold range, applying external stimulation for regulating the region to be detected of the nervous system of the user to be detected to the user to be detected; and if the active value of the area to be tested does not fall into the active threshold range, applying activation stimulation (the first stimulation or the second stimulation) to the area to be tested of the user to be tested until the active value of the area to be tested of the nervous system of the user to be tested falls into the active threshold range. Preferably, before applying an external stimulus to a user to be tested, applying the first stimulus or the second stimulus to a region to be tested of the user to be tested; and/or applying the first stimulus or the second stimulus to the region to be tested of the user to be tested in the process of applying the external stimulus to the user to be tested. Before or during the application of the external stimulus for neuromodulation, the active state (active value) of the region to be measured of the user to be measured is identified, so that the region to be measured of the user to be measured can be kept in the active state to be neuromodulated, and a better neuromodulation effect can be naturally obtained compared with the situation that the active state is not considered in the traditional neuromodulation scheme.
According to the implementation mode of the application, the active state of the user to be tested can be adjusted in a two-way mode. Specifically, if the active value of the area to be detected of the user to be detected is identified to be smaller than the minimum value of the active threshold range, the area to be detected is in an inactive state; and if the activity value of the area to be detected of the user to be detected is larger than the maximum value of the activity threshold range, the area to be detected is in a super-activity state.
If the area to be detected of the user to be detected is identified to be in the inactive state, one or more first stimuli applied to the area to be detected of the user to be detected are generated so as to adjust the active value of the area to be detected of the user to be detected to enable the active value to fall into the active threshold range, and therefore the area to be detected of the user to be detected is adjusted from the inactive state to the active state.
And if the area to be detected of the user to be detected is identified to be in the super-active state, generating one or more second stimuli applied to the area to be detected of the user to be detected so as to adjust the active value of the area to be detected of the user to be detected to enable the active value to fall into the active threshold range, and therefore the area to be detected of the user to be detected is adjusted and controlled from the super-active state to the active state.
The reason why the above bidirectional adjustment is required is that, when performing the neuromodulation, it is preferable to make the region to be measured of the nervous system of the user to be measured in a suitable active state, excitation degree or active value, neither in a state of being amazing or being too unexcited, nor in a state of being overexcited or being overactive, both of which exceed suitable active states, which is not beneficial to obtaining a stable and reliable neuromodulation effect. For example, studies have found that mood and anxiety disorders are likely to result if the brain region of the subgeneric anterior cingulate cortex (sgACC) is overactive. Excessive activation of this area will also reduce the desire and motivation for rewards, reflecting the loss of the ability to experience pleasure in depression. It is therefore necessary to reduce the degree of activation of this region or to reduce the neural activity of the region in relation to other relevant regions.
The first or second stimulus as activating stimulus may be a visual or auditory stimulus, preferably a cognitive task stimulus, preferably the activating stimulus may be an attention stimulus. The time range of the activation stimulus acting on the user to be tested at each conditioning treatment does not exceed 60 minutes, and is preferably 10ms to 60 minutes.
The "attention stimulation" refers to: in the process of regulation (such as training), the system uses some form of cognitive task stimulation (such as icons or sounds) to make corresponding cognitive judgment for the user to be tested. To enhance the training effect, an "attention stimulus" appears shortly before the cognitive task stimulus. The time interval for the attention and cognitive task stimuli may be 0-5 seconds, and the time interval may be random, or adaptively adjusted, depending on the scenario. When a cognitive task stimulus appears, the attention stimulus may persist, fade away, or disappear immediately. The cognitive task stimulus may be a cognitive function training task.
Preferably, the method of neuromodulation comprises: detecting a bioelectric signal of the user to be tested, preferably for detecting a bioelectric signal generated by the nervous system of the user to be tested in response to the neural oscillation of the external stimulus; and/or detecting physiological indexes of the user to be detected, wherein the physiological indexes comprise: heart rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure, body temperature, cortisol levels, endocrine levels. Preferably, the bioelectricity detection may be implemented using a bioelectricity detection device, which may include, for example, a brain wave detection device and/or a myoelectric detection device and/or an electrocardiograph detection device, which performs detection in real time or at a predetermined time.
Preferably, the external stimulus may be a periodic signal (e.g., a pulse signal of a sine wave or a square wave). Therefore, the external stimulus generating device is configured to apply periodic signals as external stimuli to the user to be tested simultaneously or in a time-staggered manner, so that at least one (targeted) region of the nervous system of the user to be tested (which is preferably the region to be tested) is subject to neural oscillation, respectively. In some embodiments, the external stimulus may be only the periodic signal described above; in some embodiments, the external stimulus may be a composite signal including a pulse signal or a periodic signal, such as embedding a periodic sound signal in a music signal. The pulse signal or the periodic signal may be combined with any one of the above-mentioned optical stimulation signal, acoustic stimulation signal, pressure stimulation signal, spatial localization stimulation signal, vibration stimulation signal, electrical stimulation signal, and magnetic stimulation signal.
In this preferred case, the beat frequency of the external stimulus is in the range of 1Hz-70 Hz. By external stimulation of a selected frequency, neural oscillations can be induced that produce synchronous electrical activity at the same frequency for neural populations of different targeted regions in the nervous system. By adjusting the frequency of the external stimulation, the nerve oscillation can adjust the frequency within a certain range. Thus, the presentation frequency of the external stimulus may be selected according to, for example, the brain wave frequency (as shown in the table below).
In this preferred technical solution of the present application, the following different levels of technical advantages can be achieved:
first, a first hierarchy. Different external stimuli can be used for aiming at different target areas of the nervous system, and respective nerve oscillation is generated by excitation in the respective target areas, so that a plurality of target areas of the nervous system are regulated and controlled simultaneously (preferably, the target areas and the area to be detected are the same functional areas). The different external stimuli can be different in dimension, such as different types, different frequencies, different transmission paths, etc. For example, to improve memory, external stimulation with the hippocampus as the targeted region is selected, while external stimulation with the prefrontal lobe as the targeted region is selected to produce respective neural oscillations in the hippocampus and prefrontal lobe, respectively. This is because the hippocampus is responsible for short-term memory, and when the human brain handles memory tasks, it is necessary to select contents from the long-term memory information of the prefrontal lobe responsible for long-term memory and compare the contents with the short-term memory information; therefore, the optimal technical scheme of the application can be used for simultaneously exciting the hippocampus and the prefrontal lobe, so that the regulation and control effect of regulating and controlling the memory can be more effectively improved compared with the traditional regulation and control scheme of only exciting the hippocampus or only exciting the prefrontal lobe.
Second, a second level. In addition to being able to excite neural oscillations at multiple targeted regions that are associated with each other, there can also be an association between the different bioelectrical signals generated thereby to establish an information association between the different targeted regions of the nervous system. This is because: as neurons oscillate, they effectively open and close windows to send and receive information. For information to be passed from one group of neurons to another, the sending neuron must be excited at the same time as the receiving group is excited, in other words both are excited for better information transfer. This is needed to couple neural oscillations between the sending and receiving neurons (i.e., between different targeted regions). This neural interaction pattern allows transient coupling of synchronously triggered neurons to form a functional neural network for efficient neural communication. Therefore, the neural oscillations of the multiple targeted areas are synchronously triggered, so that the neural oscillations have a coupling incidence relation, the multiple targeted areas can keep an excited oscillation state, different neural sets are formed to execute different cognitive tasks, and a better neural regulation effect is obtained. Through the judgment of the correlation of the external bioelectrical signals, the correlation or the coupling degree between the nerve oscillations in different target areas can be directly or indirectly obtained.
By using the preferred technical scheme of the application, the oscillation coupling with relevance is generated among different neuron groups in a plurality of targeted areas of the nervous system through a plurality of external stimuli, so that a more effective neural network is formed among the neuron groups in different areas of the nervous system (such as different brain areas of the brain). The pair of users to be tested is beneficial to improving cognitive function, controlling emotion, improving sleep quality and the like. Moreover, with the help of the activation stimulus, a better neuromodulation effect can be obtained.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 2, the neural modulation method includes: providing a cognitive function training task for a user to be tested, wherein the user to be tested executes the cognitive function training task while receiving different external stimuli and/or first stimuli or second stimuli, and the cognitive training task is preferably used as the first stimuli or the second stimuli; and evaluating the cognitive function of the user to be tested according to the data of the user to be tested executing the cognitive function training task, wherein the nerve regulation and control method comprises the step of identifying the active value of the user to be tested according to the cognitive function training data of the user to be tested.
Thus, in this embodiment, cognitive function training is incorporated to achieve a better regulatory effect on cognitive function. As described above, the cognitive training task is used as the activation stimulus, the area to be tested of the user to be tested can be allowed to enter the active state, and simultaneously, the area to be tested enters the processing mode for executing the cognitive training task as soon as possible, so as to be used as a preview for executing the cognitive training task as the external stimulus. The cognitive function training tasks may include GNG, N-back, and stroop, among others. The so-called cognitive functions (objects) may include, but are not limited to: memory: long-term memory, working memory, transient memory (or short-term memory); note that; learning: reasoning, computing, problem solving, understanding, language; emotion: facial expression, emotion control; and (3) decision making: making a decision, judging and evaluating; perception: eye movement and navigation; and so on.
Preferably, the neuromodulation method comprises: and sending an activation stimulation adjusting instruction for adjusting the first stimulation or the second stimulation parameter to the activation stimulation generating device according to the updated active value identification data of the user to be tested until a termination condition (an iterative working mode) is realized. Preferably, the termination condition is: and identifying that the activity value of the user to be tested falls into an activity threshold range, and the user to be tested is not in an inactive state or in a super-active state. Therefore, the user to be tested can be always kept in a proper active state during the neural regulation process to ensure the neural regulation effect by the external stimulus.
According to another aspect of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, the neural regulation system provided by the present application includes: an activation device for identifying a region to be tested of a nervous system of a user to be tested so that an activity value of the region to be tested of the nervous system of the user to be tested falls within an activity threshold range, the activation device comprising: the device comprises an active value identification device and an activation stimulus generation device, wherein the active value identification device is used for identifying whether a region to be tested of the user to be tested falls into an active threshold range or not, and if the active value is larger than the maximum value of the active threshold range, the activation stimulus generation device applies one or more first stimuli to the region to be tested of the user to be tested so as to adjust the active value of the region to be tested of the user to be tested to fall into the active threshold range; and if the active value is smaller than the minimum value of the active threshold range, the activation stimulation generation device applies one or more second stimulations to the area to be tested of the user to be tested so as to adjust the active value of the area to be tested of the user to be tested to enable the active value to fall into the active threshold range.
Preferably, the nerve regulation and control system further includes an external stimulation generation device, which is in communication with the activation device, and is configured to generate an external stimulation for regulating and controlling the region to be tested of the nerve system of the user to be tested, and apply the external stimulation to the user to be tested.
The external stimulus generating means may be at least one and/or one of optical stimulus generating means for generating optical stimulus signals, acoustic stimulus generating means for generating acoustic stimulus signals, vibration stimulus generating means for generating vibration stimulus signals, electrical stimulus generating means for generating electrical stimulus signals, pressure stimulus generating means for generating pressure stimulus signals, spatially localized stimulus generating means for generating spatially localized stimulus signals. Therefore, the external stimulus may be any one of a light stimulus signal, a sound stimulus signal, a pressure stimulus signal, a spatial localization stimulus signal, a vibration stimulus signal, an electrical stimulus signal, a magnetic stimulus signal, and an acupuncture stimulus. The external stimulus generating means can be selected according to the specific application scenario.
Compared with the traditional nerve regulation scheme, the technical scheme of the application focuses on the active state or the excitation state of the to-be-measured area of the nervous system of the to-be-measured user or the to-be-regulated person. In this application, the activity state or activity value of the region of the nervous system to be measured may be understood as an excitatory state or an activity value of neurons in the nervous system or a specific region thereof, in particular the activity level of the ascending reticular activation system of the brain. Therefore, an activation device for activation stimulation is combined during the neural regulation, so that (the active state can be identified before the neural regulation starts and/or in the neural regulation process, and) the regulated person is activated and stimulated before and/or in the neural regulation process, so that the active value of the nervous system of the user to be detected or the regulated person is combined and considered in the neural regulation, and the neural regulation effect can be more effectively improved.
According to various embodiments, the activation device for providing the activation stimulus (the first stimulus or the second stimulus) to the user to be tested may preferably be provided separately from the external stimulus generation device; or the activation means may be provided integrally with the external stimulus generation means.
The active value may include at least one of: the biological index data of the user to be tested, the biological electric signal data of the user to be tested, the imaging data of the user to be tested and the cognitive function training task execution data of the user to be tested. The detection of the activity value may be obtained by detection in the manner described above.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the activation device may include: the active value identification device is used for identifying whether the active value of the to-be-detected region of the nervous system of the to-be-detected user falls into an active threshold range or not; and/or an activation stimulus generating device for generating an activation stimulus (i.e., the first stimulus or the second stimulus described above) to be applied to the area to be tested of the user to be tested. Preferably, the external stimulus generating means is provided integrally with the activation stimulus generating means, or separately. Therefore, when the region to be tested of the user to be tested is activated, it may be first identified whether the active value of the region to be tested of the user to be tested falls within the active threshold range, and then the activation stimulus (the first stimulus or the second stimulus) applied to the user to be tested is generated according to the identified condition. Such as which activation stimulus to select, various parameters of the activation stimulus, etc. Preferably, the neuromodulation system comprises: a control device, which is in communication with the active value identification device and issues a stimulation adjustment instruction for adjusting the first stimulation or the second stimulation parameter to the activation stimulation generation device according to the active value identification data of the user to be tested, wherein preferably, the parameter of the first stimulation or the second stimulation includes at least one of the following situations: type, content, duration, intensity, emotional factors of the activation stimulus. Therefore, under the control of the control device, a good matching relation between the activity value of the user to be tested and the first stimulus or the second stimulus can be realized.
When the nerve regulation combined with the activation stimulation is carried out, if the activity value recognition device recognizes that the region to be measured of the user to be measured falls into the activity threshold range, the external stimulation generation device applies external stimulation for regulating the region to be measured of the nervous system of the user to be measured to the user to be measured; if the active value recognition device recognizes that the active value of the area to be tested of the user to be tested does not fall within the active threshold range, the activation stimulus generation device generates an activation stimulus (the first stimulus or the second stimulus) applied to the area to be tested of the user to be tested until the active value of the area to be tested of the nervous system of the user to be tested falls within the active threshold range. Preferably, before the external stimulus generating device applies the external stimulus to the user to be tested, the activation stimulus generating device applies the first stimulus or the second stimulus to the area to be tested of the user to be tested; and/or in the process that the external stimulation generating device applies external stimulation to the user to be tested, the activation stimulation generating device applies the first stimulation or the second stimulation to the area to be tested of the user to be tested. Before or during the application of the external stimulus for neuromodulation, the active state (active value) of the region to be measured of the user to be measured is identified, so that the region to be measured of the user to be measured can be kept in the active state to be neuromodulated, and a better neuromodulation effect can be naturally obtained compared with the situation that the active state is not considered in the traditional neuromodulation scheme.
According to the embodiment of the application, the active state of the user to be tested can be adjusted in two directions, as described above.
Preferably, the neuromodulation system comprises: a bioelectric detection device for detecting a bioelectric signal of the user to be tested, preferably of the nervous system of the user to be tested in response to the neural oscillations of said external stimulus and/or a physiological index detection device. The physiological index detection device is used for detecting the physiological index of a user to be detected, and the physiological index comprises: heart rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure, body temperature, cortisol levels, endocrine levels. Preferably, the bioelectricity detection device comprises a brain wave detection device and/or a myoelectricity detection device and/or an electrocardiograph detection device, and the bioelectricity detection device performs real-time detection or detection according to a preset time. Preferably, the activity value recognition means is provided integrally with the bioelectricity detection means and/or the physiological index detection means, or is provided independently. The bioelectricity detection device and/or the physiological index detection device can be used for evaluating the activity state of a user to be detected or a person to be regulated or the regulation and control effect of nerve regulation.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 2, the neuromodulation system includes: the cognitive function training device provides a cognitive function training task for a user to be tested, so that the user to be tested can execute the cognitive function training task while receiving different external stimuli and/or first stimuli or second stimuli, and the cognitive training task is preferably used as the first stimuli or the second stimuli; and the cognitive function evaluation device is communicated with the cognitive function training device so as to evaluate the cognitive function of the user to be tested according to the data of the user to be tested executing the cognitive function training task, and the activity value recognition device is preferably used for recognizing the activity value of the user to be tested according to the cognitive function training data of the user to be tested. Thus, in this embodiment, cognitive function training is incorporated to achieve a better regulation of cognitive function. As described above, the cognitive training task is used as the activation stimulus, the area to be tested of the user to be tested can be allowed to enter the active state, and simultaneously, the area to be tested enters the processing mode for executing the cognitive training task as soon as possible, so as to be used as a preview for executing the cognitive training task as the external stimulus. The cognitive function training tasks may include GNG, N-back, and stroop, among others. The so-called cognitive function (object) may include, but is not limited to: memory: long-term memory, working memory, transient memory (or short-term memory); note that; learning: reasoning, computing, problem solving, understanding, language; emotion: facial expression, emotion control; and (3) decision making: making a decision, judging and evaluating; perception: eye movement and navigation; and so on.
Preferably, the neuromodulation system comprises: and the control device sends an activation stimulation adjusting instruction for adjusting the first stimulation or the second stimulation parameter to the activation stimulation generation device according to the updated active value identification data of the user to be tested until a termination condition (an iterative working mode) is realized. Preferably, the termination condition is: the active value identification device identifies that the active value of the user to be tested falls within an active threshold range, and is not in an inactive state or in a super-active state. Therefore, the user to be tested can be always kept in a proper active state during the neural regulation process to ensure the neural regulation effect by the external stimulus.
The technical solution of the present application is described more visually in connection with the control experiments below. It should be noted that, the examples in the control experiment are only individual examples for implementing the technical solution of the present application, and do not limit the protection scope of the present application.
As described above, activating the corresponding neural network (the region to be tested, different cognitive function training tasks have different respective regions to be tested) using the cognitive task as the first stimulus or the second stimulus (wake-up stimulus tool) of the activation stimulus may affect the effect of neural modulation. The following description of the control experiment is given by taking the cognitive task N-back as an example of the activating stimulus.
Control experiment
Purpose of the experiment: and the cognitive task N-Back is used as a wake-up tool for verification, so that the effect of neural regulation is improved.
Preparation of the experiment: the population to be tested was divided into two groups of 20 persons each. A first group of subjects, performing neuromodulation in the context of sound entrainment stimulation; a second group of subjects, in the event that their memory-related zone's activity falls within the activity threshold range, performs the same neuromodulation against the same background of sound entrainment stimulation.
The experimental process comprises the following steps:
1. for the first group
For each person to be tested in the first group, testing before regulation and control is firstly carried out, a visual space working memory task is executed, and the task execution accuracy before regulation and control is obtained; and then, under the neural regulation and control of Gamma sound with stimulation, carrying out regulation and control post-test, executing a visual space working memory task, and obtaining the execution accuracy of the regulated and controlled task.
According to the statistical analysis of the task execution accuracy of the test before and after the regulation, the data of the neural regulation without the arousal stimulation in the lower chart is obtained, and the effect before and after the neural regulation is not obvious.
2. For the second group
For each testee in the second group, firstly determining a specific region to be tested (a region related to working memory), detecting an active value of the region to be tested, enabling each testee to activate a predetermined region of the testee to execute a working memory function by using N-Back (N ═ 1), after 3 minutes, carrying out statistical analysis on the accuracy of feedback data of the testee, and if the accuracy is lower than 70%, continuously applying N-Back (N ═ 1) cognitive task stimulation until the accuracy of the statistical analysis is kept between 70% and 85%, namely that the region related to the working memory is in an active state.
Then testing before regulation and control is carried out, a visual space working memory task is executed, and the task execution accuracy before regulation and control is obtained; and then, under the neural regulation and control of Gamma sound with stimulation, carrying out regulation and control post-test, executing a visual space working memory task, and obtaining the execution accuracy of the regulated and controlled task.
According to the statistical analysis of the task execution accuracy of the test before and after regulation and control, the data of the neural regulation and control in the awakening state in the lower chart is obtained, and the effects before and after the neural regulation and control are found to be very obvious.
In the experimental process, the test before regulation and control is the working memory of the visual space, which takes about 25 minutes, and the test after regulation and control is the working memory of the visual space, which takes about 25 minutes; each group was subjected to 6 experimental tasks per day for 5 consecutive days.
The following table and data in fig. 3 demonstrate the comparison of neuromodulation effect between entrainment neuromodulation in the active state (awake state) and entrainment neuromodulation without applied activation stimulus using cognitive tasks as a tool for activation stimulus in the above-described control experiment.
As shown in the following table and fig. 3 (in which the ordinate indicates the accuracy after the normalization treatment), the neuromodulation effect was significantly different between the two. Neuromodulation when the region under test falls below an active threshold (when in an active state) may improve the associated cognitive level. The effect of neuromodulation without activation stimulation was not significant.
| Before regulation and control | After regulation and control | p value | |
| Neural regulation without arousal stimulation | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.889 |
| Arousal state neuromodulation | 1.00 | 1.13 | 0.001 |
The preferred embodiments of the present application have been described in detail above, but the present application is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present application within the technical idea of the present application, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present application.
It should be noted that, in the foregoing embodiments, various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various possible combinations are not described in the present application.
In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present application is also possible, and the same should be considered as disclosed in the present application as long as it does not depart from the idea of the present application.
Claims (18)
1. A neuromodulation method, wherein the neuromodulation method comprises:
acquiring an active value of a nervous system to-be-detected area of a user to be detected;
judging whether the activity value of the nervous system region to be tested of the user to be tested falls into an activity threshold range or not,
if the activity value is larger than the maximum value of the activity threshold range, applying one or more first stimuli to the area to be tested of the user to be tested so as to adjust the activity value of the area to be tested of the user to be tested to enable the activity value to fall into the activity threshold range;
and if the activity value is smaller than the minimum value of the activity threshold range, applying one or more second stimuli to the area to be tested of the user to be tested so as to adjust the activity value of the area to be tested of the user to be tested to enable the activity value to fall into the activity threshold range.
2. The neuromodulation method of claim 1, wherein the activity value comprises at least one of:
the biological index data of the user to be tested, the biological electric signal data of the user to be tested, the imaging data of the user to be tested and the cognitive function training task execution data of the user to be tested.
3. The neuromodulation method of claim 1, wherein the neuromodulation method comprises: adjusting parameters of the first stimulus or the second stimulus according to the activity value of the user to be tested, wherein preferably the parameters of the first stimulus or the second stimulus comprise at least one of the following situations: type, content, duration, intensity, emotional factors of the stimulus.
4. The neuromodulation method of claim 1, wherein,
if the active value of the user to be tested is identified to fall into the active threshold range, applying external stimulation for regulating and controlling a region to be tested of a nervous system of the user to be tested to the user to be tested;
if the active value of the user to be tested is identified not to fall into the active threshold range, the first stimulation or the second stimulation is firstly applied to the user to be tested until the active value of the nervous system region to be tested of the user to be tested falls into the active threshold range.
5. The method of neuromodulation according to claim 4,
applying the first stimulus or the second stimulus to a user to be tested before applying an external stimulus to the user to be tested; and/or
And applying the first stimulus or the second stimulus to the user to be tested in the process of applying the external stimulus to the user to be tested.
6. The neuromodulation method of claim 4, wherein the neuromodulation method comprises: detecting a bioelectrical signal of a user to be detected, and/or detecting a physiological index of the user to be detected, the physiological index comprising: at least one of heart rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure, body temperature, cortisol level, endocrine level,
preferably, the detecting the bioelectrical signal of the user to be tested comprises detecting a bioelectrical signal generated by a nervous system of the user to be tested in response to neural oscillation of the external stimulus,
preferably, the bioelectric signal is detected in real time or at a predetermined time.
7. The neuromodulation method according to claim 1, wherein the first or second stimulus acts on the test user for a time period of no more than 60 minutes, preferably 10ms to 60 minutes, at each modulation process.
8. The neuromodulation method according to claim 4, wherein the neuromodulation method comprises applying periodic signals as the external stimuli to the user under test simultaneously or in a staggered time to cause neural oscillations, respectively, of at least one region of the nervous system of the user under test,
preferably, the beat frequency of the external stimulus is in the range of 1Hz to 70 Hz.
9. The neuromodulation method of claim 4, wherein the neuromodulation method comprises:
providing a cognitive function training task for the user to be tested, wherein the user to be tested executes the cognitive function training task while receiving different external stimuli and/or the first stimuli or the second stimuli, and the cognitive training task is preferably used as the first stimuli or the second stimuli; and
evaluating the cognitive function of the user to be tested according to the data of the user to be tested for executing the cognitive function training task,
preferably, the neural regulation and control method includes identifying the activity value of the user to be tested according to the cognitive function training data of the user to be tested.
10. A neuromodulation system, wherein the neuromodulation system comprises: an activation device for identifying a region to be tested of a nervous system of a user to be tested so that the region to be tested of the nervous system of the user to be tested falls within an activity threshold range, the activation device comprising: an activity value recognition means and an activation stimulus generation means, wherein:
the active value identification device is used for identifying whether the active value of the area to be tested of the user to be tested falls into an active threshold range,
if the active value is larger than the maximum value of the active threshold range, the activation stimulation generation device applies one or more first stimulations to the area to be tested of the user to be tested so as to adjust the active value of the area to be tested of the user to be tested to enable the active value to fall into the active threshold range;
and if the active value is smaller than the minimum value of the active threshold range, the activation stimulation generation device applies one or more second stimulations to the area to be tested of the user to be tested so as to adjust the active value of the area to be tested of the user to be tested to enable the active value to fall into the active threshold range.
11. The neuromodulation system of claim 10, wherein the activity value comprises at least one of:
the method comprises the steps of obtaining biological index data of a user to be tested, biological electric signal data of the user to be tested, imaging data of the user to be tested and cognitive function training task execution data of the user to be tested.
12. The neuromodulation system of claim 10, wherein the neuromodulation system comprises: a control device, which is communicated with the active value identification device and sends out a stimulation adjustment instruction for adjusting the parameters of the first stimulation or the second stimulation to the activation stimulation generation device according to the active value identification data of the user to be tested, wherein the parameters of the first stimulation or the second stimulation comprise at least one of the following situations: type, content, duration, intensity, emotional factors of the activation stimulus.
13. The neuromodulation system according to claim 10, wherein the neuromodulation system includes an external stimulus generating device in communication with the activation device for generating and applying to the user under test an external stimulus for modulating the region of the nervous system of the user under test,
if the active value identification device identifies that the active value of the user to be tested falls into the active threshold range, the external stimulation generation device applies external stimulation for regulating and controlling the region to be tested of the nervous system of the user to be tested to the user to be tested;
if the active value recognition device recognizes that the active value of the user to be tested does not fall within the active threshold range, the activation stimulus generation device generates the first stimulus or the second stimulus applied to the user to be tested until the active value of the region of the nervous system to be tested of the user to be tested falls within the active threshold range,
preferably, the external stimulus generating means is provided integrally with the activation stimulus generating means, or separately.
14. The neuromodulation system of claim 13, wherein,
before the external stimulation generation device applies external stimulation to a user to be tested, the activation stimulation generation device applies the first stimulation or the second stimulation to the user to be tested; and/or
And in the process of applying the external stimulus to the user to be tested by the external stimulus generating device, the activation stimulus generating device applies the first stimulus or the second stimulus to the user to be tested.
15. The neuromodulation system of claim 13, wherein the neuromodulation system comprises:
a bioelectric detection device for detecting a bioelectric signal of a user to be detected and/or a physiological index detection device for detecting a physiological index of the user to be detected, the physiological index including: at least one of heart rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure, body temperature, cortisol level, endocrine level,
preferably, for detecting a bioelectrical signal generated by the nervous system of the user under test in response to the neural oscillation of the external stimulus,
preferably, the bioelectricity detection device comprises a brain wave detection device and/or a myoelectricity detection device and/or an electrocardio detection device, the bioelectricity detection device performs real-time detection or detection according to preset time,
preferably, the activity value recognition means is provided integrally with the bioelectricity detection means and/or the physiological index detection means, or is provided independently.
16. The neuromodulation system according to claim 10, wherein the first or second stimulus acts on the test user for a time period of no more than 60 minutes, preferably 10ms to 60 minutes, at each modulation process.
17. The neuromodulation system according to claim 10, wherein the external stimulus generating device is configured for applying a periodic signal as the external stimulus to the user under test at the same time or at different times so as to generate neural oscillations in at least one region of the nervous system of the user under test, respectively,
preferably, the beat frequency of the external stimulus is in the range of 1Hz to 70 Hz.
18. The neuromodulation system according to claim 13, wherein the neuromodulation system comprises:
the cognitive function training device provides a cognitive function training task for the user to be tested, so that the user to be tested can execute the cognitive function training task while receiving different external stimuli and/or first stimuli or second stimuli, and the cognitive training task is preferably used as the first stimuli or the second stimuli; and
a cognitive function evaluation device in communication with the cognitive function training device to evaluate a cognitive function of the user under test based on data of the user under test performing the cognitive function training task,
preferably, the active value recognition device is configured to recognize the active value of the user to be tested according to the cognitive function training data of the user to be tested.
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| WO2009044270A2 (en) * | 2007-10-04 | 2009-04-09 | Neuronix Ltd. | Systems and methods for assessing and treating medical conditions related to the central nervous system and for enhancing cognitive functions |
| US20150005839A1 (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2015-01-01 | Cyberonics, Inc. | Cranial nerve stimulation to treat seizure disorders |
| CN109864750A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-06-11 | 华南理工大学 | Based on the state of mind assessment and regulating system and its working method stimulated through cranium |
| CN109992113A (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2019-07-09 | 燕山大学 | A kind of MI-BCI system and its control method induced based on more scenes |
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| CN114052736B (en) | 2024-04-05 |
| CN114748078A (en) | 2022-07-15 |
| CN115721321A (en) | 2023-03-03 |
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