CN115059510B - Method and device for predicting rock burst danger by uniform-speed drilling cuttings - Google Patents

Method and device for predicting rock burst danger by uniform-speed drilling cuttings Download PDF

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CN115059510B
CN115059510B CN202210901460.6A CN202210901460A CN115059510B CN 115059510 B CN115059510 B CN 115059510B CN 202210901460 A CN202210901460 A CN 202210901460A CN 115059510 B CN115059510 B CN 115059510B
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drilling
drill
rock burst
thrust
uniform
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CN115059510A (en
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欧阳振华
易海洋
崔峰
周然然
王琼
姬振兴
石增柱
马宏军
李�根
邱海涛
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North China Institute of Science and Technology
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21FSAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F17/00Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B44/00Automatic control systems specially adapted for drilling operations, i.e. self-operating systems which function to carry out or modify a drilling operation without intervention of a human operator, e.g. computer-controlled drilling systems; Systems specially adapted for monitoring a plurality of drilling variables or conditions
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/02Drilling rigs characterised by means for land transport with their own drive, e.g. skid mounting or wheel mounting
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21DSHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/10Making by using boring or cutting machines
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01LMEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L5/00Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
    • G01L5/0028Force sensors associated with force applying means
    • G01L5/0038Force sensors associated with force applying means applying a pushing force

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  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention provides a method and a device for predicting rock burst danger by uniform-speed drilling cuttings. The method for dangerously impacting the ground pressure does not need to test the amount of coal dust discharged per meter in the chip drilling process, and is also suitable for high and weak coal beds containing water layers. Meanwhile, by testing the thrust of the drilling machine in the drilling process, the pulverized coal quantity does not need to be tested, and the prediction error caused by the weighing error of the pulverized coal quantity and the subjective experience difference of workers is correspondingly avoided.

Description

Method and device for predicting rock burst danger by uniform-speed drilling cuttings
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electric digital data processing, and particularly relates to a method and a device for predicting rock burst danger by uniform-speed drilling cuttings.
Background
When chip holes are drilled in coal bodies on two sides of a mine roadway, the quantity of drilled coal dust and the stress state of the coal bodies have a quantitative relation, and when the stress states are different, the quantity of drilled coal dust is also different. The drilling cutting method is a method for predicting rock burst danger by drilling a hole with the diameter of 42-50 mm into a coal body by utilizing the principle, and judging the stress concentration degree, the peak value size and the position of the coal body according to the quantity of coal dust discharged per unit hole depth in the drilling process, the change rule of the quantity of the coal dust and the power phenomenon generated by the coal dust. When the drilling cutting amount per unit length is increased or exceeds a critical value, or dynamic phenomena such as top drilling, drill sticking, suction drilling, in-hole sound and the like occur in the drilling process, the stress concentration degree is increased, and the danger of rock burst is increased. The method can simultaneously detect a plurality of factors related to rock burst, is simple, convenient and easy to operate, and is a rock burst monitoring method commonly adopted by rock burst mines in China.
However, the existing drilling cutting method has the following problems:
(1) For a coal bed with high water content, due to the existence of water, the amount of coal dust drilling into each meter of drill hole is difficult to obtain in the drilling cutting construction process, so that the drilling cutting method fails.
(2) In the drilling construction process, the coal powder amount of each meter of drilled hole obtained by weighing has a large difference with the coal powder amount actually discharged from the position, so that the prediction error is large.
(3) And (3) predicting the coal dust amount by using the coal dust amount, wherein the coal dust amount in a normal stress area needs to be measured, and predicting the rock burst danger by using the ratio of the actual coal dust amount to the normal coal dust amount. The normal amount of pulverized coal has a great relationship with the manually selected drilling location, and the subjective experience of workers has a great influence on the actual test result.
Therefore, there is a need to provide an improved solution to the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a device for predicting rock burst danger by using drill cuttings at a constant speed, which at least solve the problems of large error and the like of rock burst prediction by using the conventional drill cuttings method.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a method for predicting rock burst danger by uniform-speed drilling cuttings is characterized in that a drilling machine is always kept to drill at a uniform speed in the drilling cutting process, the thrust of the drilling machine is monitored in real time, and the rock burst danger in a monitoring area is predicted according to the rule that the coal body stress is in direct proportion to the thrust of the drilling machine.
According to the method for predicting rock burst danger by using uniform-speed drill cuttings, the distance between drilling holes on the stope face and the two sides of a roadway close to the stope face and the ground is preferably 0.5-1.5 m; the distance between adjacent drill holes on the stope face is 10-50 m, and the distance between adjacent drill holes on two sides of the roadway is 10-30 m.
The method for predicting rock burst danger by drilling cuttings at constant speed as described above preferably drills holes at two sides of a roadway close to a stope face at least 100m ahead of the face.
According to the method for predicting rock burst danger by using uniform-speed drill cuttings, the height between the drilling holes on the tunneling working face and the two sides of the roadway close to the tunneling working face and the ground is preferably 0.5-1.5 m, and the distance between the adjacent drilling holes on the tunneling working face and the two sides of the roadway is preferably 10-30 m.
The method for predicting rock burst danger by using drill cuttings with uniform speed as described above is preferably carried out every 10m on a tunneling working face 2 ~20m 2 Is arranged with a bore hole within the area of the hole.
According to the method for predicting the rock burst risk by the uniform-speed drill cuttings, the arrangement range of the drill holes on the two sides of the roadway close to the tunneling working face is preferably at least 60m behind the tunneling working face.
According to the method for predicting rock burst danger by drilling cuttings at constant speed, preferably, the drill holes are arranged perpendicular to the coal wall or parallel to the coal seam, the depth range of the drill holes is less than 3-4 times of the roadway height, and the depth of the drill holes is not more than 15m.
Preferably, a plurality of drill holes are constructed in a normal stress area, a curve of the drill rig thrust changing along with the drilling depth in the drilling process is obtained, the average value of all parts of the curve is taken as the basic thrust and is recorded as T 0i
Recording the curve of the variation of the drill thrust along with the drilling depth in the drilling process of the monitoring area, and recording the thrust at each position of the curve of the monitoring area as T 1i
The thrust ratio of the monitoring area to the normal stress area is K i =T 1i /T 0i
If the thrust ratio is larger than or equal to the ratio of the drilling depth to the roadway height, the impact danger exists, and otherwise, the impact danger does not exist.
In the method for predicting rock burst risk by drilling cuttings at constant speed, if the phenomena of drill sticking, drill suction, top drilling, abnormal sound and in-hole impact occur in the construction process, the power is judged to be displayed, and the impact risk exists.
The application also provides a device for predicting rock burst danger by using the uniform-speed drill cuttings, and the device is used for detecting the drilling of the rock burst danger by using the method for predicting the rock burst danger by using the uniform-speed drill cuttings;
the device comprises a drill carriage body, an operating platform, a monitoring system and a drill;
the locomotive body is used for driving the drilling machine to move so as to bring the drilling machine to a position where drilling is needed;
the locomotive body is also provided with a mechanical arm, and the drilling machine is arranged on the mechanical arm; the mechanical arm is provided with a stepping motor, the stepping motor is used for driving the mechanical arm to move forwards at a constant speed, the mechanical arm pushes the drilling machine to drill, and the stepping motor is used for controlling the drilling machine to move forwards at a constant speed;
the operating platform is used for controlling the advancing of the locomotive body and drilling the hole by the mechanical arm and the drilling machine;
a thrust sensor is arranged between the mechanical arm and the drilling machine, and the thrust sensor can measure the magnitude of the thrust of the mechanical arm for pushing the drilling machine;
the monitoring system can receive the monitoring value of the thrust sensor in real time and provide data for predicting impact risks.
Has the advantages that: the method for predicting rock burst danger by using uniform-speed drill cuttings disclosed by the invention does not need to test the amount of coal dust discharged per meter in the drilling process of the drill cuttings hole, and is also suitable for high and weak coal seams of water-bearing layers. Meanwhile, by testing the thrust of the drilling machine in the drilling process, the pulverized coal quantity does not need to be tested, and prediction errors caused by weighing errors of the pulverized coal quantity and subjective experience differences of workers are correspondingly avoided.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a plan view of the arrangement of the drill holes in the stope face and its nearby roadways in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the arrangement of the drill holes in the driving face and the roadway near the driving face in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a coal wall drilling arrangement of a driving face in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the present invention
In the figure: 1. a drill carriage body; 2. an operation table; 3. a monitoring system; 4. a drilling machine;
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments that can be derived by one of ordinary skill in the art from the embodiments given herein are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are for convenience of description of the present invention only and do not require that the present invention must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. The terms "connected" and "connected" used herein should be interpreted broadly, and may include, for example, a fixed connection or a detachable connection; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intermediate members, and specific meanings of the above terms will be understood by those skilled in the art as appropriate.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
According to the specific embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 1-4, the invention provides a method for predicting rock burst danger by drilling cuttings at a constant speed, which is characterized in that a drilling machine is always kept to drill at a constant speed in the drilling process, the thrust of the drilling machine is monitored in real time, and the rock burst danger of a monitoring area is predicted according to the rule that the coal body stress is in direct proportion to the thrust of the drilling machine.
In the embodiment, the height of the drill holes on the stope face and the two sides of the roadway close to the stope face from the ground is 0.5-1.5 m; the distance between adjacent drill holes on the stope face is 10-50 m, and the distance between adjacent drill holes on two sides of the roadway is 10-30 m. And drilling holes at two sides of the roadway close to the stope working face at least 100m ahead of the working face. And drilling in a range at least 100m ahead of the working face to detect the rock burst danger in the area, so that detection is carried out in a range close to a certain area of the working face, and the mining safety of the working face is ensured.
The height of the drilling holes on the tunneling working face and the two sides of the roadway close to the tunneling working face from the ground is 0.5-1.5 m, and the distance between the adjacent drilling holes on the tunneling working face and the two sides of the roadway is 10-30 m. Every 10m on the driving face 2 ~20m 2 Is arranged with a bore hole within the area of the hole.
The arrangement range of the drill holes on the two sides of the roadway close to the driving face is at least 60m behind the driving face. And drilling holes are arranged in the range of at least 60m behind the driving working face so as to detect the danger of rock burst in the area and ensure the excavation safety of the driving working face.
The drill holes are arranged perpendicular to the coal wall or parallel to the coal bed, the depth range of the drill holes is less than 3-4 times of roadway height, and the depth of the drill holes does not exceed 15m.
Drilling in the stope face, the heading face and the roadway range nearby the stope face and the heading face, wherein the drilling positions are all in the range of the maximum stress position; and because the stress redistribution and the stress peak area are generated in the roadway excavation and working face extraction processes, the drilling judgment result in the stress peak area is more reliable. The hole distribution density and the hole distribution distance are determined according to the situation of a field working surface, the rock strength can be damaged when the holes are too dense, and the judgment accuracy can be easily reduced when the holes are too comb; according to the method, different drilling densities are adopted according to different drilling scenes, so that the drilling densities are more matched with the corresponding drilling scenes, and the method for predicting rock burst is more accurate.
Constructing a plurality of drill holes in a normal stress area, obtaining a curve of the drill thrust changing along with the drilling depth in the drilling process, taking the average value of all parts of the curve as the basic thrust, and recording the average value as T 0i
Recording the curve of the variation of the drill thrust along with the drilling depth in the drilling process of the monitoring area, and recording the thrust at each position of the curve of the monitoring area as T 1i
The thrust ratio of the monitoring area to the normal stress area is K i =T 1i /T 0i
Because of the influence of the stress concentration area, the rock stratum under the stress concentration area has higher ground stress, and the whole hardness is strengthened. When the drill rod drills into a zone with higher hardness, the thrust force can show a corresponding increase phenomenon because the rotating speed of the motor is unchanged. The motor thrust increases with increasing formation hardness, in a linear trend. In formations that are only homogeneously stressed, the thrust force during drilling by the drilling rig remains constant.
And judging whether the rock burst danger exists or not according to the ratio of the thrust force ratio to the drilling depth to the roadway height. If the thrust ratio is larger than or equal to the ratio of the drilling depth to the roadway height, the thrust required by drilling in the region is larger, further the coal seam ground stress at the position is higher, and the stress is concentrated, so that the rock burst danger exists; if the thrust ratio is smaller than the ratio of the drilling depth to the roadway height, the rock burst danger is avoided. If the phenomena of drill jamming, drill suction, top drilling, abnormal sound, in-hole impact and the like occur in the construction process, the power is judged to be displayed, namely the area has impact danger.
In this embodiment, the critical value of the early warning index may be determined according to the actual discharged coal dust during the drilling process and the dynamic phenomenon thereof. When the rock burst monitoring and early warning are carried out by adopting a drilling cutting method, the early warning can be carried out by referring to the table 1. In the two types of early warning indexes, if one index exceeds an early warning threshold value, the risk of impact can be judged, and then early warning of rock burst is carried out.
In the present embodiment, the specific determination method is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 impact Risk discrimination during drilling
Figure BDA0003771046120000061
The application also provides a device for predicting rock burst danger by using the uniform-speed drill cuttings, and the device is used for detecting the drilling hole of the rock burst danger by using the method for predicting the rock burst danger by using the uniform-speed drill cuttings; the device comprises a drill carriage body, an operation platform, a monitoring system and a drill; the locomotive body is used for driving the drilling machine to move so as to bring the drilling machine to a position where drilling is needed; the locomotive body is also provided with a mechanical arm, and the drilling machine is arranged on the mechanical arm; the mechanical arm is provided with a stepping motor, the stepping motor is used for driving the mechanical arm to move forwards at a constant speed, the mechanical arm pushes the drilling machine to drill, and the stepping motor is used for controlling the drilling machine to move forwards at a constant speed; the operation table is used for controlling the advancing of the locomotive body and drilling the mechanical arm and the drilling machine; a thrust sensor is arranged between the mechanical arm and the drilling machine, and the thrust sensor can measure the magnitude of the thrust of the mechanical arm for pushing the drilling machine; the monitoring system is used for monitoring the real-time thrust of the drilling machine, and the monitoring system can receive the monitoring numerical value of the thrust sensor in real time and provide data for predicting impact risks.
In the embodiment, a drilling system consisting of the stepping motor, the mechanical arm and the drilling machine has three gear rotating speeds of slow, medium and fast and corresponding advance speed control; the three rotating speeds and the advancing speed respectively correspond to a soft coal seam, a medium coal seam and a hard coal seam of the roadway surrounding rock; according to geological exploration in the early stage of drilling, judging which coal seam of the drilling machine belongs to soft, medium and hard coal seams; and then, drilling is carried out by selecting the corresponding rotating speed and advancing speed, so that the device has a more accurate applicable environment, and further the risk of rock burst is more accurately predicted.
In conclusion, in the technical scheme of the method and the device for predicting rock burst danger by drilling cuttings at a constant speed, the amount of coal dust discharged per meter in the drilling process of the drilling cuttings is not required to be tested, so that the prediction process is simpler and more convenient; but also for high and weak coal seams in aquifers. Meanwhile, by testing the thrust of the drilling machine in the drilling process, the pulverized coal quantity does not need to be tested, and prediction errors caused by weighing errors of the pulverized coal quantity and subjective experience differences of workers are correspondingly avoided.
It should be understood that the above description is exemplary only and that the embodiments of the present application are not intended to be limiting.
The above description is only exemplary of the invention and should not be taken as limiting the invention, as any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the invention is intended to be covered by the appended claims.

Claims (9)

1. A method for predicting rock burst danger by uniform-speed drilling cuttings is characterized in that in the drilling cutting process, a drilling machine is always kept to drill at a uniform speed, the thrust of the drilling machine is monitored in real time, and the rock burst danger in a monitoring area is predicted according to the rule that the coal body stress is in direct proportion to the thrust of the drilling machine;
constructing a plurality of drill holes in a normal stress area, obtaining a curve of the drill thrust changing along with the drilling depth in the drilling process, taking the average value of all the positions of the curve as the basic thrust, and recording the average value as T 0i
Recording a curve of the thrust variation while drilling of the drilling machine in the drilling process of the monitoring area, and recording the thrust at each position of the curve of the monitoring area as T 1i
The thrust ratio of the monitoring area to the normal stress area is K i =T 1i /T 0i
If the thrust ratio is larger than or equal to the ratio of the drilling depth to the roadway height, the impact danger exists, and otherwise, the impact danger does not exist.
2. The method for predicting rock burst danger through uniform-speed drill cuttings according to claim 1, wherein the height from the drill holes on the stope and the roadway sides close to the stope to the ground is 0.5-1.5 m; the distance between adjacent drill holes on the stope face is 10-50 m, and the distance between adjacent drill holes on two sides of the roadway is 10-30 m.
3. The method for predicting rock burst danger through uniform-speed drill cuttings according to claim 2, characterized in that holes close to the two sides of a roadway of a stope face are drilled at least 100m ahead of the stope face.
4. The method for predicting rock burst danger through uniform-speed drill cuttings according to claim 2, wherein the heights of drill holes on the tunneling working face and two sides of a roadway close to the tunneling working face from the ground are 0.5-1.5 m, and the distance between adjacent drill holes on the tunneling working face and two sides of the roadway is 10-30 m.
5. The method for predicting rock burst risk through uniform-speed drill cuttings according to claim 4, wherein the rock burst risk is predicted every 10m on a tunneling working face 2 ~20m 2 A bore is arranged within the area of (a).
6. The method for predicting rock burst risk through uniform-speed drill cuttings according to claim 5, wherein the arrangement range of the drill holes on the two sides of the roadway close to the tunneling working surface is at least 60m behind the tunneling working surface.
7. The method for predicting rock burst danger through uniform-speed drill cuttings according to claim 4, wherein the drill holes are arranged perpendicular to the coal wall or parallel to the coal seam, the depth range of the drill holes is less than 3-4 times of roadway height, and the depth of the drill holes is not more than 15m.
8. The method for predicting rock burst danger through uniform-speed drill cuttings according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein if phenomena of drill sticking, drill suction, top drilling, abnormal sound and in-hole impact occur in the construction process, the situation that power appears and the risk of impact exists is judged.
9. An apparatus for predicting rock burst danger by using uniform drill cuttings, which is characterized in that the apparatus uses the method for predicting rock burst danger by using the uniform drill cuttings according to any one of claims 1-8 to carry out drilling detection on the rock burst danger;
the device comprises a drill carriage body, an operating platform, a monitoring system and a drill;
the locomotive body is used for driving the drilling machine to move so as to bring the drilling machine to a position where drilling is needed;
the locomotive body is also provided with a mechanical arm, and the drilling machine is arranged on the mechanical arm; the mechanical arm is provided with a stepping motor, the stepping motor is used for driving the mechanical arm to move forwards at a constant speed, the mechanical arm pushes the drilling machine to drill holes, and the stepping motor is used for controlling the drilling machine to move forwards at a constant speed;
the operating platform is used for controlling the advancing of the locomotive body and drilling the hole by the mechanical arm and the drilling machine;
a thrust sensor is arranged between the mechanical arm and the drilling machine, and the thrust sensor can measure the magnitude of the thrust of the mechanical arm for pushing the drilling machine;
the monitoring system can receive the monitoring value of the thrust sensor in real time and provide data for predicting impact risk.
CN202210901460.6A 2022-07-28 2022-07-28 Method and device for predicting rock burst danger by uniform-speed drilling cuttings Active CN115059510B (en)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU1294991A1 (en) * 1985-09-20 1987-03-07 Московский Горный Институт Hydraulic sensor for determining strain in rock body
SU1368437A1 (en) * 1986-07-23 1988-01-23 Всесоюзный научно-исследовательский институт горной геомеханики и маркшейдерского дела Hydraulic transmitter
CN202057443U (en) * 2011-05-16 2011-11-30 辽宁工程技术大学 Drillings torque coal bed burst forecast device
CN104763470A (en) * 2015-03-27 2015-07-08 辽宁工程技术大学 One-hole multi-index intelligent rock burst pre-warning system and method for mine
CN112127951A (en) * 2020-08-03 2020-12-25 山东省煤田地质规划勘察研究院 Drilling chip torque coal seam rock burst prediction device
CN112145151A (en) * 2020-09-27 2020-12-29 中国矿业大学 Dynamic impact risk detection and evaluation method based on response parameters while drilling

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU1294991A1 (en) * 1985-09-20 1987-03-07 Московский Горный Институт Hydraulic sensor for determining strain in rock body
SU1368437A1 (en) * 1986-07-23 1988-01-23 Всесоюзный научно-исследовательский институт горной геомеханики и маркшейдерского дела Hydraulic transmitter
CN202057443U (en) * 2011-05-16 2011-11-30 辽宁工程技术大学 Drillings torque coal bed burst forecast device
CN104763470A (en) * 2015-03-27 2015-07-08 辽宁工程技术大学 One-hole multi-index intelligent rock burst pre-warning system and method for mine
CN112127951A (en) * 2020-08-03 2020-12-25 山东省煤田地质规划勘察研究院 Drilling chip torque coal seam rock burst prediction device
CN112145151A (en) * 2020-09-27 2020-12-29 中国矿业大学 Dynamic impact risk detection and evaluation method based on response parameters while drilling

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