CN115058260A - Cracking furnace device for treating waste polystyrene and operation method thereof - Google Patents
Cracking furnace device for treating waste polystyrene and operation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115058260A CN115058260A CN202210710538.6A CN202210710538A CN115058260A CN 115058260 A CN115058260 A CN 115058260A CN 202210710538 A CN202210710538 A CN 202210710538A CN 115058260 A CN115058260 A CN 115058260A
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- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920006327 polystyrene foam Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1 YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004227 thermal cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920006328 Styrofoam Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000003137 locomotive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008261 styrofoam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013410 fast food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
- C10G1/10—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C4/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a larger number of carbon atoms
- C07C4/22—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a larger number of carbon atoms by depolymerisation to the original monomer, e.g. dicyclopentadiene to cyclopentadiene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C7/00—Purification; Separation; Use of additives
- C07C7/04—Purification; Separation; Use of additives by distillation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a cracking furnace device for treating waste polystyrene and an operation method thereof. The device comprises a light component solvent metering tank, a defoaming and impurity-removing reaction kettle, a cracking furnace-rectifying tower, a heavy component storage tank, a styrene storage tank, a light component solvent metering tank, a light component solvent storage tank and a solution pump, wherein the light component solvent metering tank, the defoaming and impurity-removing reaction kettle and the cracking furnace-rectifying tower are sequentially connected, the heavy component storage tank is connected with the cracking furnace-rectifying tower through the heavy component metering tank, the styrene storage tank is connected with the cracking furnace-rectifying tower through the styrene metering tank, the light component solvent storage tank is connected with the cracking furnace-rectifying tower through the light component solvent metering tank, an inlet of the solution pump is connected with the light component solvent storage tank, and an outlet of the solution pump is connected with the light component solvent metering tank. The invention makes up the defects of the plastic cracking and separating device, and ensures that the production of plastic classified cracking is safer and more reliable, the quality is stable, and the equipment is energy-saving. Meanwhile, diversification of the waste plastic cracking device is also enriched.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device and a method for treating waste polystyrene, in particular to a cracking furnace device for treating waste polystyrene and an operation method thereof.
Background
The rapid development of plastic industry in China provides convenience for various plastic products to be increasingly and widely applied to the fields of industry, agriculture, medical treatment and health, daily life of people and the like. The used waste plastics naturally become industrial or domestic garbage.
How to better utilize the discarded waste plastics has become one of the problems of common concern for most environmental protection people. Therefore, many excellent research papers and technical patents on how to recycle are shown in the aspects of recycling, reusing and the like of waste plastic products.
The waste plastics are regenerated into locomotive fuels such as gasoline, kerosene and diesel oil which are commonly used by people, and then are processed into lubricating oil and the like which are commonly used by locomotives.
The raw materials regenerated from waste plastics are complex in source channel, and the cracking treatment of the recycled waste plastics without bluish red soap white is not carried out in the regeneration process, so that the components of cracking products are complex, and the separation and collection cost is overhigh. How to control the classification of waste plastics is also very important, which can significantly reduce the treatment cost.
The styrofoam is a shock-proof material for various household electrical appliances, precision instruments, meters and other fragile articles, and thus a large amount of waste plastics are generated every year, and among them, styrofoam used for fast food products is largely discarded in every corner of people's living environment. Therefore, the classification cracking is very superior.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a device combination and an operation method of a cracking furnace device for treating waste polystyrene.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a handle pyrolysis furnace device of useless polystyrene, includes light component solvent metering tank, defoaming edulcoration reation kettle, pyrolysis furnace-rectifying column, heavy component metering tank, heavy component storage tank, styrene metering tank, styrene storage tank, light component solvent metering tank, light component solvent storage tank, solution pump, light component solvent metering tank, defoaming edulcoration reation kettle, pyrolysis furnace-rectifying column link to each other in proper order, the heavy component storage tank passes through the heavy component metering tank and links to each other with pyrolysis furnace-rectifying column, the styrene storage tank passes through the styrene metering tank and links to each other with pyrolysis furnace-rectifying column, light component solvent storage tank passes through the light component solvent metering tank and links to each other with pyrolysis furnace-rectifying column, the entry and the light component solvent storage tank of solution pump link to each other, and the export links to each other with the light component solvent metering tank.
Further, defoaming edulcoration reation kettle includes the barrel, the upper end of barrel is provided with first upper cover, and the lower extreme is provided with cone under the reation kettle, be provided with stirring paddle leaf in the cauldron in the barrel, stirring paddle leaf below is provided with grid grate division board in the cauldron, be provided with stirring paddle leaf at the bottom of the cauldron in the cone under the reation kettle, stirring paddle leaf and kettle bottom stirring paddle leaf are connected with agitator motor through the reation kettle puddler in the cauldron, be provided with the solid material entry on the first upper cover, be provided with the export of insoluble solid material on the barrel lateral wall of grid grate division board upside in the cauldron, be provided with the export of polystyrene solution on the lateral wall of barrel bottom, the bottom of cone is provided with impurity and puts clean mouthful under the reation kettle.
Furthermore, a standby pipe orifice is arranged on the first upper sealing head.
Furthermore, a cooler is arranged on the top of the cracking furnace-rectifying tower, a reflux valve is arranged between the top of the cracking furnace and the bottom of the tower, the cracking furnace is arranged in the cracking furnace-rectifying tower and comprises a cracking furnace barrel, a second upper end socket is arranged at the upper end of the cracking furnace barrel, a lower end socket is arranged at the lower end of the cracking furnace barrel, the rectifying tower barrel is connected onto the second upper end socket, a solution inlet is formed in the side wall of the rectifying tower barrel, a temperature measuring port and a cracking furnace manhole are arranged on the second upper end socket, a cracking thermometer rod extending to the bottom of an inner chamber of the cracking furnace is inserted into the temperature measuring port, and a emptying pipe orifice is arranged at the bottom of the lower end socket.
Furthermore, the outer parts of the cracking furnace cylinder body and the lower end socket are coated with silicon carbide infrared radiation heating plates.
A method of operating a pyrolysis furnace assembly for treating waste polystyrene, comprising:
the first step is as follows: dissolving waste polystyrene, precipitating and removing impurities;
firstly, opening an inlet valve of a light component solvent metering tank and an outlet valve of a light component solvent storage tank, opening a solvent pump, conveying the solvent in the light component solvent storage tank to the light component solvent metering tank for metering, and then adding the solvent into a defoaming and impurity removing reaction kettle until the addition amount is more than 1/2 and less than 2/3 of the reaction kettle;
then, starting stirring of the defoaming and impurity-removing reaction kettle, putting the waste polystyrene plastics which are measured in advance into the defoaming and impurity-removing reaction kettle from a solid material inlet, rapidly dissolving the solid plastics which are put in along with the stirring operation, and retaining other non-polystyrene foam plastics which are put in a wrong way on a grid grate isolation plate in the kettle;
stopping feeding when the solution in the defoaming and impurity removing reaction kettle becomes viscous, and recording the addition amount of the solvent and the addition amount of the waste polystyrene; stopping stirring of the stirring slurry, standing and settling the solution, settling mechanical impurities in a lower cone of the reaction kettle, discharging from an impurity discharging port, stirring other misplaced non-polystyrene foam impurities by a stirring blade in the kettle, and discharging insoluble solid impurities from an insoluble solid material outlet; the qualified polystyrene solution can be used after sedimentation treatment;
the second step: extracting a light component solvent;
the prepared polystyrene viscous solution automatically flows into the inner chamber of the cracking furnace from the solution inlet of the cracking furnace-rectifying tower by means of potential difference from the polystyrene solution outlet;
opening a cooling water inlet and outlet valve of the tower top cooler, a reflux valve between the tower top and the tower bottom and a power supply of a silicon carbide infrared radiation heating plate, paying attention to the kettle bottom temperature at a temperature measuring port, the gas outlet temperature at a tower top outlet and a return system of reflux liquid of the tower top cooler, and opening an inlet valve of a light component solvent metering tank and an inlet valve of a light component solvent storage tank when the kettle bottom temperature, the gas outlet temperature at the tower top outlet and the reflux liquid return system are in a stable state;
when the temperature of the top of the tower rises to T1, the reflux liquid of the light component solvent is extracted and enters the final stage, the temperature at the temperature measuring port at the bottom of the kettle gradually rises to above T2, and meanwhile, the waste polystyrene in the kettle also starts to enter a cracking state;
the third step: extracting a finished product of styrene;
when the temperature at the temperature measuring port at the bottom of the kettle gradually rises to T3, the temperature at the top of the tower also rises along with the rise of the temperature at the bottom of the kettle, and when the temperature at the top of the tower rises to T4, a valve for extracting materials is switched; opening inlet valves of the styrene metering tank and the styrene storage tank, and closing inlet valves of the light component solvent metering tank and the light component solvent storage tank;
then continuously extracting cracked styrene and feeding the styrene into a styrene metering tank and a styrene storage tank;
when the temperature of the tower top extraction is increased to T5, the reflux extraction procedure of the styrene enters the tail sound;
the fourth step: heavy component is extracted;
when the temperature of the tower top rises to T6, switching valves for collecting materials, namely opening inlet valves of a heavy component metering tank and a heavy component storage tank and closing inlet valves of a styrene metering tank and a styrene storage tank, starting to collect heavy component materials with the temperature above T6 until no fraction flows out of the tower top, and ending the cracking-rectifying process;
when the cracking of the waste polystyrene in the kettle is finished, the temperature at the bottom of the kettle is suddenly reduced, and the whole cracking process is finished;
furthermore, the thermal cracking rate of the waste polystyrene is 90.90%, and the oil yield reaches 98.50%; the cracking product is 87.13% styrene monomer, the other light component solvent includes benzene 0.05%, toluene 2.82%, ethylbenzene 3.81%, the heavy component includes a-methyl styrene 5.98% and impurity.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention makes up the defects of the plastic cracking and separating device, and ensures that the production of plastic classified cracking is safer and more reliable, the quality is stable, and the equipment is energy-saving. Meanwhile, diversification of the waste plastic cracking device is also enriched.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a cracking furnace apparatus for treating waste polystyrene;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a defoaming and impurity removing reaction kettle;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the cracking furnace structure of the cracking-rectifying reaction still.
The reference numerals are explained below:
1. a light component solvent metering tank; 2. defoaming and impurity removing reaction kettle; 3. a cracking furnace-rectifying tower; 4. a heavy ends metering tank; 5. a heavies storage tank; 6. a styrene metering tank; 7. a styrene storage tank; 8. a light component solvent metering tank; 9. a light component solvent storage tank; 10. a solvent pump; 2-01, a lower cone of the reaction kettle; 2-02 kettle bottom stirring paddle; 2-03, a grid grate isolation plate is arranged in the kettle; 2-04 kettle stirring paddle; 2-05 cylinder body; 2-06 solid material inlet; 2-07 stirring motor; 2-08 spare pipe orifice; 2-09 of a first upper end enclosure; 2-10 of a stirring rod of the reaction kettle; 2-11 insoluble solid material outlet; 2-12 solution outlet; 2-13 impurity discharging; 3-01, sealing the lower end; 3-02 cracking furnace cylinder; 3-03 cracking thermometer rods; 3-04 temperature measuring port; 3-05 solution inlet; 3-06 of a rectifying tower cylinder; 3-07 cracking furnace manhole; 3-08 second upper end enclosure; 3-09 cracking furnace inner chamber; 3-10 silicon carbide infrared radiation heating plates; 3-11, completely discharging the pipe orifice.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the following drawings and specific embodiments:
as shown in FIG. 1, the cracking furnace apparatus for treating waste polystyrene of the present embodiment comprises; a light component solvent metering tank 1, a defoaming and impurity-removing reaction kettle 2, a cracking furnace-rectifying tower 3, a heavy component metering tank 4, a heavy component storage tank 5, a styrene metering tank 6, a styrene storage tank 7, a light component solvent metering tank 8, a light component solvent storage tank 9 and a solution pump 10. The device comprises a light component solvent metering tank 1, a defoaming and impurity-removing reaction kettle 2 and a cracking furnace-rectifying tower 3 which are sequentially connected, a heavy component storage tank 5 is connected with the cracking furnace-rectifying tower 3 through a heavy component metering tank 4, a styrene storage tank 7 is connected with the cracking furnace-rectifying tower 3 through a styrene metering tank 6, a light component solvent storage tank 9 is connected with the cracking furnace-rectifying tower 3 through a light component solvent metering tank 8, an inlet of a solution pump 10 is connected with the light component solvent storage tank 9, and an outlet of the solution pump is connected with the light component solvent metering tank 1.
The structure of the defoaming and impurity-removing reaction kettle 2 is shown in figure 2 and comprises a lower cone 2-01 of the reaction kettle, a stirring blade 2-02 at the bottom of the kettle, a grid grate partition plate 2-03 in the kettle, a stirring blade 2-04 in the kettle, a cylinder 2-05, a solid material inlet 2-06, a stirring motor 2-07, a spare pipe orifice 2-08, a first upper end enclosure 2-09, a stirring rod 2-10 of the reaction kettle, an insoluble solid material outlet 2-11, a polystyrene solution outlet 2-12 and an impurity discharge port 2-13. Specifically, a first upper head 2-09 is arranged at the upper end of a cylinder 2-05 of a defoaming and impurity-removing reaction kettle 2, a reaction kettle lower cone 2-01 is arranged at the lower end, a stirring paddle 2-04 in the kettle is arranged in the cylinder 2-05, a grid grate partition plate 2-03 in the kettle is arranged below the stirring paddle 2-04 in the kettle, a stirring paddle 2-02 at the bottom of the reaction kettle is arranged in the reaction kettle lower cone 2-01, the stirring paddle 2-04 in the kettle and the stirring paddle 2-02 at the bottom of the kettle are connected with a stirring motor 2-07 through a stirring rod 2-10 of the reaction kettle, a solid material inlet 2-06 is arranged on the first upper head 2-09, and an insoluble solid material outlet 2-11 is arranged on the side wall of the cylinder 2-05 at the upper side of the grid grate partition plate 2-03 in the kettle, the side wall of the bottom of the cylinder body 2-05 is provided with a polystyrene solution outlet 2-12, the bottom end of the lower cone 2-01 of the reaction kettle is provided with an impurity discharging port 2-13, and the first upper end enclosure 2-09 is provided with a spare pipe orifice 2-08.
The top of the cracking furnace-rectifying tower 3 is provided with a cooler (not shown in the figure), a reflux valve (not shown in the figure) is arranged between the top and the bottom of the cracking furnace-rectifying tower 3, the cracking furnace is arranged in the cracking furnace-rectifying tower 3, and the structure of the cracking furnace is shown in the figure 3 and comprises a lower seal head 3-01, a cracking furnace cylinder 3-02, a cracking thermometer rod 3-03, a temperature measuring port 3-04, a solution inlet 3-05, a rectifying tower cylinder 3-06, a cracking furnace manhole 3-07, a second upper seal head 3-08, a cracking furnace inner chamber 3-09, a silicon carbide infrared radiation heating plate 3-10 and a clean discharge pipe port 3-11. Specifically, the upper end of a cracking furnace cylinder 3-02 is provided with a second upper end enclosure 3-08, the lower end of the cracking furnace cylinder is provided with a lower end enclosure 3-01, the second upper end enclosure 3-08 is connected with a rectifying tower cylinder 3-06, the side wall of the rectifying tower cylinder 3-06 is provided with a solution inlet 3-05, the second upper end enclosure 3-08 is provided with a temperature measuring port 3-04 and a cracking furnace inlet 3-07, a cracking temperature measuring rod 3-03 extending to the bottom of a cracking furnace inner chamber 3-09 is inserted into the temperature measuring port 3-04, and the bottom of the lower end enclosure 3-01 is provided with a purge pipe opening 3-11.
When the method is operated, the method is carried out by the following four steps;
a first step; dissolving and precipitating waste polystyrene for impurity removal
Firstly, opening an inlet valve of a light component solvent metering tank 1 and an outlet valve of a light component solvent storage tank 9 (a small amount of benzene or toluene can be purchased for bottom padding in the first running), starting a solvent pump, conveying the solvent in the storage tank to the light component solvent metering tank 1, metering, adding the solvent into a defoaming and impurity-removing reaction kettle 2, and adding the solvent to the reaction kettle in an amount of more than 1/2 and less than 2/3.
Starting the stirring of the defoaming and impurity-removing reaction kettle 2, throwing the waste polystyrene plastics which are measured in advance into the reaction kettle from the solid material inlet 2-06 of the reaction kettle, rapidly dissolving the solid plastics which are put into the reaction kettle along with the operation of stirring, and retaining other non-polystyrene foam plastics which are put into the reaction kettle on the grid grate partition plate 2-03 in the kettle.
When the solution in the dissolving kettle is observed to become viscous, the feeding can be stopped, and the adding amount of the solvent and the adding amount of the waste polystyrene are recorded. Stopping stirring of the stirring paddle, allowing the solution to stand for settling, settling mechanical impurities in a lower cone 2-01 of the reaction kettle, discharging the mechanical impurities from an impurity discharging port 2-13 when the accumulated amount is enough, and discharging other non-polystyrene foam impurities which are thrown in a wrong way from an outlet 2-11 of the non-dissolved solid material when the non-polystyrene foam impurities are stirred by a stirring blade 2-04 in the kettle. The qualified polystyrene solution can be used after being settled for 30 minutes.
The second step is that: production of solvent (light component)
The prepared polystyrene viscous solution automatically flows into a cracking furnace inner chamber 3-09 in a cracking-rectifying tower 3 from a polystyrene solution outlet 2-12 and a solution inlet 3-05 by means of potential difference.
And opening a cooling water inlet and outlet valve of the tower top cooler, a reflux valve between the tower top and the tower bottom and a power supply of a silicon carbide infrared radiation heating plate 3-10, paying attention to the kettle bottom temperature at the temperature measuring port 3-04, the gas outlet temperature at the outlet of the tower top and a return system of reflux liquid of the tower top cooler, and opening a light component solvent metering tank 8 and an inlet valve of a light component solvent storage tank 9 when the temperature measuring port 3-04, the gas outlet temperature at the outlet of the tower top and the return system are all in a stable state.
And adjusting the opening of the fraction reflux valve. The amount of distillate produced is properly adjusted (based on the temperature at the top of the column and the temperature at the bottom of the column.
When the temperature at the top of the column rises to 136 ℃, the reflux of the solvent (light components) is also taken into the final stage. At the moment, the temperature at the temperature measuring port 3-04 at the bottom of the kettle is gradually increased to more than 350 ℃, and meanwhile, the waste polystyrene in the kettle also starts to enter a cracking state.
The third step: extracting a finished product of styrene;
when the temperature at the temperature measuring port 3-04 at the bottom of the kettle is gradually increased to 400-450 ℃, the temperature at the top of the tower is also increased along with the increase of the temperature at the bottom of the kettle, and when the temperature at the top of the tower is increased to 144 ℃, a valve for extracting materials is switched; namely, the inlet valves of the styrene metering tank 6 and the styrene storage tank 7 are opened, and the inlet valves of the light component solvent metering tank 8 and the light component solvent storage tank 9 are closed.
The cracked styrene is continuously extracted and enters a styrene metering tank 6 and a styrene storage tank 7.
When the temperature of the tower top extraction is raised to 148 ℃, the reflux extraction procedure of the styrene enters into a tail sound.
The fourth step: heavy fraction recovery
When the temperature of the tower top rises to 150 ℃, a valve for extracting materials is switched; opening inlet valves of the heavy component metering tank 4 and the heavy component storage tank 5, closing inlet valves of the styrene metering tank 6 and the styrene storage tank 7, and starting to collect heavy component materials with the temperature of more than 150 ℃; and ending the cracking-rectification until no fraction flows out from the tower top.
When the cracking of the waste polystyrene in the kettle is finished, the temperature at the bottom of the kettle is suddenly reduced, and the whole cracking process is finished. The produced finished product styrene is colorless and transparent liquid, and the amount of the added polymerization inhibitor can be calculated according to the storage capacity in the finished product tank according to the storage requirements of storage and transportation.
The device is used for treating waste polystyrene, the thermal cracking rate is 90.90%, and the oil yield reaches 98.50%. The cleavage product was mainly styrene monomer 87.13%, the others were solvents (light components): 0.05 percent of benzene, 2.82 percent of toluene and 3.81 percent of ethylbenzene, and the heavy components comprise: a-methylstyrene 5.98% and other impurities.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a handle pyrolysis furnace device of useless polystyrene, its characterized in that includes light component solvent metering tank, defoaming edulcoration reation kettle, pyrolysis furnace-rectifying column, heavy component metering tank, heavy component storage tank, styrene metering tank, styrene storage tank, light component solvent metering tank, light component solvent storage tank, solution pump, light component solvent metering tank, defoaming edulcoration reation kettle, pyrolysis furnace-rectifying column link to each other in proper order, the heavy component storage tank passes through the heavy component metering tank and links to each other with pyrolysis furnace-rectifying column, the styrene storage tank passes through the styrene metering tank and links to each other with pyrolysis furnace-rectifying column, light component solvent storage tank passes through the light component solvent metering tank and links to each other with pyrolysis furnace-rectifying column, the entry and the light component solvent storage tank of solution pump link to each other, and the export links to each other with the light component solvent metering tank.
2. The cracking furnace device for treating waste polystyrene as claimed in claim 1, wherein the defoaming and impurity-removing reaction kettle comprises a barrel, a first upper head is arranged at the upper end of the barrel, a lower cone of the reaction kettle is arranged at the lower end of the barrel, stirring blades in the kettle are arranged in the barrel, a grid grate partition plate in the kettle is arranged below the stirring blades in the kettle, a kettle bottom stirring blade is arranged in the lower cone of the reaction kettle, the stirring blades in the kettle and the kettle bottom stirring blade are connected with a stirring motor through a stirring rod of the reaction kettle, a solid material inlet is arranged on the first upper head, an insoluble solid material outlet is arranged on the side wall of the barrel on the upper side of the grid grate partition plate in the kettle, a polystyrene solution outlet is arranged on the side wall of the barrel bottom, and an impurity discharging port is arranged at the bottom end of the lower cone of the reaction kettle.
3. The pyrolysis furnace device for treating waste polystyrene as claimed in claim 2, wherein the first upper end enclosure is provided with a spare pipe orifice.
4. The cracking furnace device for treating waste polystyrene as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein a cooler is arranged on the top of the cracking furnace-rectifying tower, a reflux valve is arranged between the top and the bottom of the tower, the cracking furnace is arranged in the cracking furnace-rectifying tower and comprises a cracking furnace cylinder, a second upper sealing head is arranged at the upper end of the cracking furnace cylinder, a lower sealing head is arranged at the lower end of the cracking furnace cylinder, the rectifying tower cylinder is connected to the second upper sealing head, a solution inlet is arranged on the side wall of the rectifying tower cylinder, a temperature measuring port and a cracking furnace manhole are arranged on the second upper sealing head, a cracking thermometer rod extending to the bottom of the cracking furnace inner chamber is inserted into the temperature measuring port, and a drain is arranged at the bottom of the lower sealing head.
5. The pyrolysis furnace device for treating waste polystyrene as claimed in claim 4, wherein the outer parts of the pyrolysis furnace cylinder and the lower end socket are coated with silicon carbide infrared radiation heating plates.
6. An operation method of a cracking furnace apparatus for treating waste polystyrene, comprising:
the first step is as follows: dissolving waste polystyrene, precipitating and removing impurities;
firstly, opening an inlet valve of a light component solvent metering tank and an outlet valve of a light component solvent storage tank, opening a solvent pump, conveying the solvent in the light component solvent storage tank to the light component solvent metering tank for metering, adding the metered solvent into a defoaming and impurity-removing reaction kettle, and adding the metered solvent into the reaction kettle until the addition amount is more than 1/2 and less than 2/3;
then, starting stirring of the defoaming and impurity-removing reaction kettle, putting the waste polystyrene plastics which are measured in advance into the defoaming and impurity-removing reaction kettle from a solid material inlet, rapidly dissolving the solid plastics which are put in along with the stirring operation, and retaining other non-polystyrene foam plastics which are put in a wrong way on a grid grate isolation plate in the kettle;
stopping feeding when the solution in the defoaming and impurity removing reaction kettle becomes viscous, and recording the addition amount of the solvent and the addition amount of the waste polystyrene; stopping stirring of the stirring slurry, standing and settling the solution, settling mechanical impurities in a lower cone of the reaction kettle, discharging from an impurity discharging port, stirring other misplaced non-polystyrene foam impurities by a stirring blade in the kettle, and discharging insoluble solid impurities from an insoluble solid material outlet; the qualified polystyrene solution can be used after sedimentation treatment;
the second step is that: extracting a light component solvent;
the prepared polystyrene viscous solution automatically flows into the inner chamber of the cracking furnace from the solution inlet of the cracking furnace-rectifying tower by means of potential difference from the polystyrene solution outlet;
opening a cooling water inlet and outlet valve of the tower top cooler, a reflux valve between the tower top and the tower bottom and a power supply of a silicon carbide infrared radiation heating plate, paying attention to the kettle bottom temperature at a temperature measuring port, the gas outlet temperature at a tower top outlet and a return system of reflux liquid of the tower top cooler, and opening an inlet valve of a light component solvent metering tank and an inlet valve of a light component solvent storage tank when the kettle bottom temperature, the gas outlet temperature at the tower top outlet and the reflux liquid return system are in a stable state;
when the temperature of the top of the tower rises to T1, the reflux liquid of the light component solvent is extracted and enters the final stage, the temperature at the temperature measuring port at the bottom of the kettle gradually rises to above T2, and meanwhile, the waste polystyrene in the kettle also starts to enter a cracking state;
the third step: extracting a finished product of styrene;
when the temperature at the temperature measuring port at the bottom of the kettle is gradually increased to T3, the temperature at the top of the tower is also increased along with the increase of the temperature at the bottom of the kettle, and when the temperature at the top of the tower is increased to T4, a valve for extracting materials is switched; opening inlet valves of the styrene metering tank and the styrene storage tank, and closing inlet valves of the light component solvent metering tank and the light component solvent storage tank;
then continuously extracting the cracked styrene and feeding the styrene into a styrene metering tank and a styrene storage tank;
when the temperature of the tower top extraction is increased to T5, the reflux extraction procedure of the styrene enters the tail sound;
the fourth step: heavy component is extracted;
when the temperature of the tower top rises to T6, switching valves for collecting materials, namely opening inlet valves of a heavy component metering tank and a heavy component storage tank and closing inlet valves of a styrene metering tank and a styrene storage tank, starting to collect heavy component materials with the temperature above T6 until no fraction flows out of the tower top, and ending the cracking-rectifying process;
when the cracking of the waste polystyrene in the kettle is finished, the temperature at the bottom of the kettle is suddenly reduced, and the whole cracking process is finished.
7. The operating method according to claim 6, wherein the thermal cracking rate of the waste polystyrene is 90.90%, and the oil yield is 98.50%; the cracking product is 87.13% styrene monomer, the other light component solvent includes benzene 0.05%, toluene 2.82%, ethylbenzene 3.81%, the heavy component includes a-methyl styrene 5.98% and impurity.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210710538.6A CN115058260A (en) | 2022-06-22 | 2022-06-22 | Cracking furnace device for treating waste polystyrene and operation method thereof |
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| CN202210710538.6A CN115058260A (en) | 2022-06-22 | 2022-06-22 | Cracking furnace device for treating waste polystyrene and operation method thereof |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1088568A (en) * | 1993-10-08 | 1994-06-29 | 北京市海淀区中大环境技术研究所 | Produce the method and apparatus of vinylbenzene and its byproduct with deposed polystyrene |
| JPH1099819A (en) * | 1996-09-25 | 1998-04-21 | Advance Co Ltd | Apparatus for plastic waste treatment and classification |
| RU2121473C1 (en) * | 1997-07-04 | 1998-11-10 | Акционерное общество "Нижнекамскнефтехим" | Method of processing stillage residues of styrene rectification |
-
2022
- 2022-06-22 CN CN202210710538.6A patent/CN115058260A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1088568A (en) * | 1993-10-08 | 1994-06-29 | 北京市海淀区中大环境技术研究所 | Produce the method and apparatus of vinylbenzene and its byproduct with deposed polystyrene |
| JPH1099819A (en) * | 1996-09-25 | 1998-04-21 | Advance Co Ltd | Apparatus for plastic waste treatment and classification |
| RU2121473C1 (en) * | 1997-07-04 | 1998-11-10 | Акционерное общество "Нижнекамскнефтехим" | Method of processing stillage residues of styrene rectification |
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