CN101811785A - Method and device for delaying coking unwatering cyclone decoking - Google Patents
Method and device for delaying coking unwatering cyclone decoking Download PDFInfo
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- CN101811785A CN101811785A CN201010146237A CN201010146237A CN101811785A CN 101811785 A CN101811785 A CN 101811785A CN 201010146237 A CN201010146237 A CN 201010146237A CN 201010146237 A CN201010146237 A CN 201010146237A CN 101811785 A CN101811785 A CN 101811785A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a device for delaying coking unwatering cyclone decoking with less investment, low energy consumption and high decoking efficiency. The method for delaying coking unwatering cyclone decoking comprises the following steps: settling separation, one-stage or two-stage or multistage cyclone decoking, and effluent oil separation. The method and the device for delaying coking unwatering cyclone decoking has the following advantages that: the separation efficiency is high; the separation precision of unwatering fine coke solid particles is 5 microns; the removal efficiency of particles with the separation precision of 5 microns or more is more than 95%; other solid particle impurities are removed while the fine coke solid particles are removed; the pressure loss is small; the operation is simple and convenient; the operation cost is low; the device has simple structure and occupies small area.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the chemical industry environmental protection technical field, relate to the method for removing the coke breeze solid particles in the sewage, be specifically related to contain the treatment process of burnt sewage in a kind of delaying coking unwatering system, and implement the used device of this method.
Background technology
Delayed coking process is a kind of main course of processing in the petroleum coking.This process is that refinery adopts thermocracking process upgrading and conversion residual oil (as normal pressure residual oil, vacuum residuum etc.) to be the petroleum coal coke process of gas, liquid product and concentrated carbon species.Be that control pollutes and improve the stripping yield, delayed coking unit is provided with the gas blowdown system: after the coke drum green coke finishes, before the beginning decoking, need pressure release and in tower steam blowing, and then water filling cooling.This process will stripping comes out from coke oil gas, vapour mixture enter the anti-void tower bottom of blowdown system, use through overcooled turning oil and from mixed gas, reclaim heavy hydrocarbon, send the coking main fractionating tower then back to.Oil gas that the air defense cat head is discharged and vapour mixture are isolated sump oil and sewage through condensation, cooling back in settlement separate jar, respectively carrying device.
The sump oil that delayed coking unit is discharged is more, accounts for the 1.5%-2.5% of amount of finish, and wherein the overwhelming majority is a coke drum condensate oil emptying sump oil.Since wherein moisture and to contain coke powder higher, if mix full factory sump oil, can influence the sump oil quality, coagulate stifled equipment and pipeline.Coking sump oil and refinery's slurry oil will well be utilized, must solve earlier " waste oil " moisture, contain coke powder and impurity problem, just can adopt different technical measures then at different " waste oil ".
At present, in new coker design, progressively realized trans-utilization work to the coking sump oil.For example for water content greater than 1% sump oil and slurry oil, should be introduced into the sloping bottom tank under the certain temperature, dewater and be settled out solid impurity such as coke powder, enter the emptying tower then and further dewater and remove coke powder, mix high temperature coke at the bottom of before coke drum blows greatly, injecting coke drum.The fully-closed blowdown system of domestic design, oil circulation well heater and filter plant at the bottom of having set up tower at the bottom of the emptying tower are to guarantee the dehydration of tower still oil and to remove coke powder.Sump oil has been reclaimed in this technical process, has reduced sump oil discharging and pollution problem; Sour water goes coke cutting water or the reuse of coke cooling water part; Avoid pipeline, tower tray to stop up; Avoid large quantity of moisture to enter separation column, cause the bumping accident.This technology is provided with well heater, air cooler, has increased cost of investment, floor space.
In a word, because the problems referred to above that prior art exists, so still unresolved up to now delayed coking unit blowdown system sewage science purifying treatment problem far can not satisfy the expectation of the clean manufactureization of petrochemical complex.Therefore this area presses for the low and effective oil-containing of cost of development, the treatment process that contains burnt sewage and device.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is, in order to overcome problems of the prior art, provides the method for the delaying coking unwatering cyclone decoking that a kind of energy consumption is low, decoking efficient is high.
Another technical problem to be solved by this invention is, the device of a kind of simple in structure, less investment, delayed coking unit unwatering cyclone decoking that energy consumption is low is provided.
In order to address the above problem technical scheme of the present invention is such:
Delaying coking unwatering cyclone decoking method as first aspect present invention is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) settlement separate step
The unwatering cat head divides oil-containing that flow container comes out, contains burnt sewage, enters settlement separate jar, tentatively removes big particle diameter oil droplet, the coke powder carried secretly in the sewage;
(2) cyclone decoking step
Under the effect of emptying water pump, sewage after preliminary settlement separate is risen in the one-level cyclone decoking device, remove the coke powder solid phase particles of carrying secretly in the sewage, the coke powder that decoking device comes out directly removes cold Jiao Chi, and the unwatering decontaminated water stripper plant after purifying is handled or delayed coking coke cooling water system and coke cutting water treatment system again;
(3) sump oil separating step
Oil-water two-phase mixture after the settlement separate jar initial gross separation is squeezed into slop oil tank and is carried out sump oil and separate, and directly returns reuse by pump discharge from the sump oil that slop oil tank is separated.
The described temperature that contains the emptying sewage of coke breeze solid particles is 50-80 ℃.
In described step (2), can also comprise: the step that the emptying sewage that comes out from described one-level cyclone decoking device enters secondary or multistage eddy flow cleaner decoking, further remove the solid particulates such as coke powder that it is carried secretly, eliminate the congestion affects that coke powder causes follow-up oil eliminator.
In described step (2), can also comprise: the emptying sewage that comes out from described one-level cyclone decoking device enters secondary or multistage cyclone decoking device, enter the step of eddy flow cleaner decoking again, further remove the solid particulates such as coke powder that it is carried secretly, eliminate the congestion affects that coke powder causes follow-up oil eliminator.
Delaying coking unwatering cyclone decoking device as second aspect present invention is characterized in that, comprising: the settlement separate jar that is used for tentatively removing emptying sewage large-size particles thing;
The emptying water pump that is used for settlement separate jar of sewage is promoted to decoking device that links to each other with settlement separate jar;
The sewage that is connected with the emptying water pump, accept described emptying water pump separates coke powder particulate one-level cyclone decoking device;
What link to each other with described settlement separate jar is used for sewage oil-water biphase slop oil tank after the initial gross separation of separate and subside separating tank.
In the decoking device process, can adopt the series connection of one-level or secondary or multistage cyclone decoking device according to raw material and processing requirements, to improve the coke powder separation accuracy.
Further, described one-level or secondary or multistage cyclone decoking device connect at least one secondary eddy flow cleaner that further removes tiny coke powder solia particle in the decontaminated water.
Described cyclone decoking device, eddy flow cleaner can be in the liquid-solid two phase separators such as gravity settler, cyclonic separator, cyclone separator any one, are preferably cyclone separator.
The flow of the underflow opening of described cyclone decoking device is the 2-15% of its inlet flow rate.
Preferably, described cyclone decoking device is a static equipment, is not less than work-ing life 10 years; Under rated flow, the rated pressure between unwatering import and the water outlet is fallen and is not more than 0.1MPa.
Major advantage of the present invention is:
1, separation efficiency height: the coke breeze solid particles separation accuracy of emptying sewage is 5 microns, and the clearance of 5 microns and above particulate surpasses 95%, removes other solid particle polluters in the time of decoking powder solid particulate;
2, the pressure-losses is little: under rated flow, the rated pressure between unwatering import and the water outlet is fallen and is not more than 0.1MPa;
3, easy and simple to handle: need not back flushing, do not have any generation of waste materials, easy care, working cost is low;
4, apparatus structure is simple;
5, floor space is little.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the delayed coking unit blowdown system schema of prior art.
Fig. 2 is the schema of an embodiment of delaying coking unwatering cyclone decoking method of the present invention.
Embodiment
In order to make technique means of the present invention, creation characteristic, to reach purpose and effect is easy to understand, the present invention is further elaborated below in conjunction with embodiment.
It is higher that emptying sewage contains coke breeze solid particles, if mix full factory sump oil, can influence the sump oil quality, coagulate stifled equipment and pipeline, coking sump oil and refinery's slurry oil will well be utilized, what must solve earlier sewage contains coke powder and impurity problem, just can adopt different technical measures at different " waste oil " then.
In traditional delay coking process, the sewage of conventional delaying coking unwatering system under the effect of blowdown condenser, settlement separate jar, removes the solid particulates of being carried secretly in the emptying sewage such as coke powder.The slurry tank separation cycle is long, and separation efficiency is low, and sump oil, sewage are entrained with the coke powder solid, causes the obstruction of pipeline and tower tray, and whole delayed coking has been brought inestimable harm.
At present, traditional liquid-solid two-phase isolation technique is mainly slurry tank, strainer, cyclonic separator, cyclone separator etc.The cyclone separator volume is little, velocity of separation is fast, Operation and Maintenance is simple, is a kind of new and effective, energy-conservation separating device; Adopting cyclone separation process is core and the combined coke powder that removes in the delayed coking emptying sewage of other isolation technique (as sedimentation, filtration), can overcome that existing gravity settler, strainer etc. handle that the plant investment that coke powders exist is big, complicated operation, running cost height, can not long-term operation etc. defective, it is low to have the plant investment cost, volume is little, the reliability height, the pressure-losses is little, cycle of operation is long and separation efficiency is high, has saved material and has improved the advantage of the comprehensive utilization ratio of resource.
In a first aspect of the present invention, the treatment process that removes coke breeze solid particles in a kind of delayed coking emptying sewage is provided, this method adopts cyclone separation process that the coke breeze solid particles in 50-80 ℃ the emptying sewage and other solid particulate are handled, unwatering decontaminated water stripper plant after the purification is handled again or delayed coking coke cooling water system and coke cutting water treatment system decontaminated water stripper plant are handled again, can also handle further that back decontaminated water stripper plant is handled again or delayed coking coke cooling water system and coke cutting water treatment system decontaminated water stripper plant are handled again by secondary eddy flow cleaner; The coke powder mixture of separating directly removes cold Jiao Chi.
The separation method that the inventive method adopts one-level cyclonic separation, secondary eddy flow to purify, be that the first step adopts emptying sullage rotational flow decoking device that emptying sewage is separated, the emptying sewage after the separation or directly or after secondary eddy flow cleaner is further handled the decontaminated water stripper plant handle again or delayed coking coke cooling water system and coke cutting water treatment system decontaminated water stripper plant are handled again.
The inventive method changes or coke powder content when sharply increasing significantly in the emptying discharge of sewage, all can steady running.The inventive method is in the decoking powder, and the emptying sewage of having purified is eliminated the congestion affects that coke breeze solid particles causes follow-up equipment.
In a second aspect of the present invention, the treatment unit that removes coke breeze solid particles in a kind of delayed coking emptying sewage is provided, this device comprises the combination of cyclone decoking device or cyclone decoking device and eddy flow cleaner.
The nucleus equipment of apparatus of the present invention is a delayed coking emptying sullage rotational flow decoking device, the main density difference that relies between external phase-sewage, the disperse phase-coke breeze solid particles, utilize the centrifugal force of fluid high speed rotating in little eddy flow core pipe that impurity such as coke powder are separated from emptying sewage, both can also can take off other solid particulate by decoking powder solid particulate.
The temperature of described delayed coking emptying sewage is 50-80 ℃, and the particle diameter of coke breeze solid particles is not less than 1 millimeter.The coke breeze solid particles separation accuracy of the emptying sewage of described purification is 5 microns, and the clearance of 5 microns and above particulate surpasses 95%.
Separation of the present invention is the coke breeze solid particles that adopts under the prerequisite of not adding any additives in the combined method segregation lag coking emptying sewage of cyclonic separation and eddy flow purification, reduced running cost, simultaneously can improve separation efficiency, not need other utility appliance.
Under rated flow, the rated pressure between unwatering import of apparatus of the present invention and the water outlet is fallen and is not more than 0.1MPa.Preferably, the flow of the underflow opening of the cyclone decoking device of apparatus of the present invention is the 2-15% of its inlet flow rate.
Preferably, the nucleus equipment of apparatus of the present invention-cyclone decoking device, eddy flow cleaner are integrated by some little eddy flow core pipes, and little eddy flow core pipe quantity is determined by treatment capacity.Contain the emptying sewage of solid impurities such as coke powder, under certain pressure effect, high-speed separation is carried out in the inside that tangentially enters little eddy flow core pipe from the import of little eddy flow core pipe.
Preferably, the present invention can contain solid impurity amount such as coke powder and required separating effect determines to adopt one-level cyclone decoking, secondary eddy flow to purify or multistage cyclone decoking according to delayed coking emptying sewage is actual.
Below referring to accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the delayed coking emptying sewage process schematic representation of prior art.As shown in the figure, after the coke drum green coke finishes, before the beginning decoking, need pressure release and in tower steam blowing, and then water filling cooling.This process will stripping comes out from coke oil gas, emptying tower 11 bottoms that vapour mixture enters blowdown system, from mixed gas, reclaim heavy hydrocarbon through cold turning oil water cooler 12 refrigerative turning oils, send the coking main fractionating tower then back to.After the condensation of oil gas that discharge on emptying tower 11 tops and vapour mixture process blowdown condenser 13, the cooling, in settlement separate jar 14, isolate sump oil and sewage, the difference carrying device, wherein, settlement separate jar of 14 light hydrocarbon gas of telling are sent into fuel gas system after overdraft.
Fig. 2 is according to delayed coking emptying sullage rotational flow decoking treatment process embodiment synoptic diagram of the present invention.As shown in the figure, the emptying sewage that contains coke breeze solid particles that the unwatering cat head divides flow container to come out enters settlement separate jar 1, tentatively removes the big particle diameter coke powder of carrying secretly in the sewage; Under the effect of emptying water pump 2, sewage after preliminary settlement separate is risen in the one-level cyclone decoking device 3, under action of centrifugal force, remove most coke breeze solid particles of carrying secretly in the sewage, emptying sewage after the purification removes secondary eddy flow cleaner 4, further removes the coke breeze solid particles of the tiny particle diameter of carrying secretly in the emptying sewage; Oil-water biphase slop oil tank 5 in the sewage after 1 initial gross separation of settlement separate jar.Wherein, the coke powder solia particle that comes out of one-level cyclone decoking device 3, secondary eddy flow cleaner 4 directly removes cold Jiao Chi; Unwatering decontaminated water stripper plant after the purification is handled again or delayed coking coke cooling water system and coke cutting water treatment system decontaminated water stripper plant are handled again; The sump oil that slop oil tank is separated is directly returned reuse by pump discharge, and the unwatering decontaminated water stripper plant after the purification is handled or delayed coking coke cooling water system and coke cutting water treatment system again.
Embodiment
Further set forth the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment.But, should be understood that these embodiment, only be used to the present invention is described and do not constitute limitation of the scope of the invention.The experimental technique of unreceipted actual conditions in the following example, usually according to normal condition, or the condition of advising according to manufacturer.
In the extra large refinery Huizhou oil refining branch office 115 unit sour waters quality of purifying waste water improve measure delaying coking unwatering system.
Fluid properties sees Table 1,2.
Table 1, material properties and operational condition
Table 2, coking unwatering coke fines size distribute
Adopt the clean isolating method centering sea of one-level cyclone decoking and secondary eddy flow refinery Huizhou oil refining branch office 115 unit sour waters quality of purifying waste water to improve measure delaying coking unwatering system sewage and handle.At first divide oil-containing that flow container comes out, contain burnt sewage, enter settlement separate jar, tentatively remove big particle diameter oil droplet, the coke powder carried secretly in the sewage by the unwatering cat head; Under the effect of emptying water pump, the sewage after preliminary settlement separate is risen in the cyclone decoking device, remove the coke powder solid phase particles of carrying secretly in the sewage; The slop oil tank of oil-water two-phase mixture in the sewage after the initial gross separation of settlement separate jar; The coke powder that decoking device comes out directly removes cold Jiao Chi, and the unwatering decontaminated water stripper plant after purifying is handled or delayed coking coke cooling water system and coke cutting water treatment system again; The sump oil that slop oil tank is separated is directly returned reuse by pump discharge, and the unwatering decontaminated water stripper plant after the purification is handled or delayed coking coke cooling water system and coke cutting water treatment system again.Fig. 2 is seen in technical process.The technical process explanation:
1, settlement separate jar 1 is utilized gravity that the solid particulate initial gross separations such as big particle diameter coke powder in the delayed coking emptying sewage are come out.
2, under the effect of emptying water pump 2, the sewage after preliminary settlement separate is risen in the one-level cyclone decoking device 3, under action of centrifugal force, sewage is separated into impurity solid phases such as containing coke powder and sewage liquid phase.It is 0-5% that coke powder gets flow range mutually.When import coke powder content is not more than 5000mg/L, clearance 〉=90% of coke powder micro mist (〉=50 μ m) in its water outlet.Under this flow, rated pressure is reduced to 0.1MPa between unwatering import and the water outlet.The coke breeze solid particles that one-level cyclone decoking device 3 comes out is directly removed cold Jiao Chi, and the unwatering after purifying enters secondary eddy flow cleaner 4 and further removes a small amount of tiny coke breeze solid particles of carrying secretly in the sewage.
3, enter one-level cyclone decoking device 3 sewage of secondary eddy flow cleaner 4, further isolate the tiny coke breeze solid particles that sewage is carried secretly.When the content of import coke powder micro mist was not more than 1000mg/L, it purified clearance 〉=90% of (〉=5 μ m) of water outlet coke powder micro mist; Qualification rate 〉=90% of analytical value of the regulation frequency adopts weighting method analysis (can with reference to the Q/RCD-302-2000 weighting method).Wherein, rated pressure is reduced to 0.25MPa between water import and the outlet of purification water.Coke breeze solid particles after the purification directly remove cold Jiao Chi, and unwatering decontaminated water stripper plant is handled again or delayed coking coke cooling water system and coke cutting water treatment system.
4, the emptying sewage after 1 initial gross separation of settlement separate jar enters the isolating slop oil tank 5 of oil-water two-phase, from emptying sewage, isolate oil phase substance, the sump oil that slop oil tank is separated is directly returned freshening by pump discharge, but the unwatering after purifying then the decontaminated water stripper plant handle again or delayed coking coke cooling water system and coke cutting water treatment system.
Implementation result: when delaying coking unwatering treatment unit import coke powder content is not more than 5000mg/L, after the secondary eddy flow is handled, purify clearance 〉=90% of (〉=5 μ m) of water outlet coke powder micro mist.Coke breeze solid particles greater than 30 microns is all taken out.Under this flow, rated pressure is reduced to 0.1MPa between the unwatering import of single-stage cyclone decoking device and the water outlet.
More than show and described ultimate principle of the present invention, principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technician of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; that describes in the foregoing description and the specification sheets just illustrates principle of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. the delaying coking unwatering cyclone decoking method is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) settlement separate step
The unwatering cat head divides oil-containing that flow container comes out, contains burnt sewage, enters settlement separate jar, tentatively removes big particle diameter oil droplet, the coke powder carried secretly in the sewage;
(2) cyclone decoking step
Under the effect of emptying water pump, sewage after preliminary settlement separate is risen in the one-level cyclone decoking device, remove the coke powder solid phase particles of carrying secretly in the sewage, the coke powder that decoking device comes out directly removes cold Jiao Chi, and the unwatering decontaminated water stripper plant after purifying is handled or delayed coking coke cooling water system and coke cutting water treatment system again;
(3) sump oil separating step
Oil-water two-phase mixture after the settlement separate jar initial gross separation is squeezed into slop oil tank and is carried out sump oil and separate, and directly returns reuse by pump discharge from the sump oil that slop oil tank is separated.
2. delaying coking unwatering cyclone decoking method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the described temperature that contains the emptying sewage of coke breeze solid particles is 50-80 ℃.
3. delaying coking unwatering cyclone decoking method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step (2), also comprise: the step that the emptying sewage that comes out from described one-level cyclone decoking device enters secondary or multistage eddy flow cleaner decoking, further remove the solid particulates such as coke powder that it is carried secretly, eliminate the congestion affects that coke powder causes follow-up oil eliminator.
4. delaying coking unwatering cyclone decoking method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step (2), also comprise: the emptying sewage that comes out from described one-level cyclone decoking device enters secondary or multistage cyclone decoking device, enter the step of eddy flow cleaner decoking again, further remove the solid particulates such as coke powder that it is carried secretly, eliminate the congestion affects that coke powder causes follow-up oil eliminator.
5. the delaying coking unwatering cyclone decoking device is characterized in that, comprising:
Be used for tentatively removing the settlement separate jar of emptying sewage large-size particles thing;
The emptying water pump that is used for settlement separate jar of sewage is promoted to decoking device that links to each other with settlement separate jar;
The sewage that is connected with the emptying water pump, accept described emptying water pump separates coke powder particulate one-level cyclone decoking device;
What link to each other with described settlement separate jar is used for sewage oil-water biphase slop oil tank after the initial gross separation of separate and subside separating tank.
6. delaying coking unwatering cyclone decoking device according to claim 5 is characterized in that, in the decoking device process, according to raw material and processing requirements, adopts the series connection of one-level or secondary or multistage cyclone decoking device, to improve the coke powder separation accuracy.
7. delaying coking unwatering cyclone decoking device according to claim 6 is characterized in that, the series connection of described one-level or secondary or multistage cyclone decoking device, after connect the eddy flow cleaner again.
8. delaying coking unwatering cyclone decoking device according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described cyclone decoking device, eddy flow cleaner are in the liquid-solid two phase separators such as gravity settler, cyclonic separator, cyclone separator any one.
9. delaying coking unwatering cyclone decoking device according to claim 5 is characterized in that, the flow of the underflow opening of described cyclone decoking device is the 2-15% of its inlet flow rate.
10. delaying coking unwatering cyclone decoking device according to claim 5 is characterized in that, preferred, described cyclone decoking device is a static equipment; Under rated flow, the rated pressure between unwatering import and the water outlet is fallen and is not more than 0.1MPa.
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| CN114890560A (en) * | 2022-04-08 | 2022-08-12 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Delayed coking wastewater fine particle removal process device |
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| US20070108036A1 (en) * | 2005-11-14 | 2007-05-17 | Michael Siskin | Continuous coking process |
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| CN2647845Y (en) * | 2003-10-20 | 2004-10-13 | 四川大学 | Coking waste water disposal device |
| US20070108036A1 (en) * | 2005-11-14 | 2007-05-17 | Michael Siskin | Continuous coking process |
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| CN114890560A (en) * | 2022-04-08 | 2022-08-12 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Delayed coking wastewater fine particle removal process device |
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Application publication date: 20100825 |