CN115056080B - Elastic grinding and polishing tool - Google Patents
Elastic grinding and polishing tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN115056080B CN115056080B CN202210682414.1A CN202210682414A CN115056080B CN 115056080 B CN115056080 B CN 115056080B CN 202210682414 A CN202210682414 A CN 202210682414A CN 115056080 B CN115056080 B CN 115056080B
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- grinding
- polishing head
- polishing
- mixing tank
- mixing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B13/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding or polishing optical surfaces on lenses or surfaces of similar shape on other work; Accessories therefor
- B24B13/01—Specific tools, e.g. bowl-like; Production, dressing or fastening of these tools
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
- Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses an elastic grinding and polishing tool, which is characterized in that a plurality of grinding holes are formed in an arc surface of a polishing head; the other end of polishing is the holding end for be connected with connecting grinding fixing device, be equipped with the mixing tank on the other end of polishing head, a plurality of grinding holes on the arc surface of polishing head and mixing tank pass through root system passageway intercommunication, the utilization efficiency principle of polishing head to grinding fluid and abrasive material is decided to the root system passageway between the pipeline inside the polishing head, solve grinding fluid and abrasive material because the local close laminating and polishing head high-speed rotation when grinding cause the grinding fluid by throwing away the shortcoming that is difficult to get into the grinding region in the grinding process, can make the grinding fluid more even dispersion at the work piece surface by the centrifugal force rationally, adopt mixing tank messenger grinding fluid and abrasive material intensive mixing, collect the grinding fluid after mixing and begin the reposition of redundant personnel from this, when fully utilizing high-speed rotatory inertial force, reduce the export flow, make grinding fluid fill with the motion trail and attach, guarantee grinding uniformity.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the field of elastic grinding, and particularly relates to an elastic grinding and polishing tool.
Background
Ultra-precise machining of optical components is developing towards high precision, high efficiency and low cost, and more optical components are widely applied to the fields of optical imaging, high-power laser systems, laser nuclear fusion, space observation and the like.
The optical ultra-precise polishing methods have certain differences in the technical difficulty, the adaptability of processing materials, tool abrasion, the stability of removal functions, the processing efficiency, subsurface damage, edge effect, surface shape convergence and economy of different methods due to the differences in the processing principle, the adopted medium and controllable parameter forms. In the aspect of ultra-precise grinding technology, regular grinding marks and subsurface damages are generally left on the surface of an optical workpiece after grinding, so that the requirement of higher and higher surface quality of an aspheric optical component is difficult to meet by adopting an ultra-precise grinding method only, and the development of advanced optical processing technology is promoted.
Based on the optical glass element, the artificial bone joint and the important part structure of the space motor, the structure is a hard and brittle structure. The traditional rigid grinding mode is easy to generate microcrack on the surface of the part, thereby causing local tearing and seriously affecting service life and safety. Therefore, we use elastic grinding mode. The existing elastic grinding mode mainly takes a plane as a main part, such as: the plane is internally provided with a coolant chip groove, the elastic pressure is controlled by adjusting the compression ring, and the arc surface of the elastic layer is provided with a ladder-shaped grinding block with the chip groove.
Due to the embedded plane elastic grinding mode, the structure has three-dimensional interference and other influences on the convex polishing element and the like, so that a hemispherical elastic polishing head structure with flexible working angle and better yielding property is introduced. For the elastic polishing head, related parameters of pressure and rotation speed (rotation speed ratio) are mainly studied, and the influence of elastic deformation, feed angle change and rotation speed ratio change is mainly considered during movement. In the process of conveying the abrasive to the grinding area (contact area), the grinding fluid and the abrasive are difficult to enter the grinding area (jet pipe jet, elastic material deformation is large, contact surfaces are tightly attached, and no space exists) due to the fact that the grinding fluid and the abrasive are difficult to enter the grinding area when a traditional tool grinds, and when the elastic polishing head rotates at a high speed, the rotating speed can reach 314rad/s, and the centrifugal force is large (the grinding fluid is thrown away). These problems will seriously affect the grinding quality, for which reason a complex structure needs to be provided in the grinding tool to ensure a better grinding effect.
For the adaptability of the surface shape of the optical component, as the polishing and removing function of the air bag is fine and has strong adaptability, the refundability is used as a reference, and the crossed and winding bionic root system characteristic pipelines distributed along the circumference are additionally arranged in the solid polishing head, so that a larger reserved space is obtained, and the surface shape retaining effect on the surface of a workpiece is better. Is beneficial to the adaptability of the aspheric surface shape, and improves the polishing efficiency, the removal efficiency, the surface quality and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide an elastic grinding and polishing tool, which overcomes the defects of the prior art, and can fully utilize grinding fluid during elastic grinding to ensure the surface precision requirement of a workpiece.
An elastic polishing tool comprises a polishing head, wherein one end of the polishing head is an arc surface, and a plurality of grinding holes are formed in the arc surface of the polishing head; the other end of the polishing is a clamping end which is used for being connected with a connecting grinding fixing device, a mixing groove is arranged at the other end of the polishing head, and a plurality of grinding holes on the arc surface of the polishing head are communicated with the mixing groove through a root passage.
Preferably, the root canal uses a tortuous path.
Preferably, the root canal comprises a main canal and a branch canal which are communicated with each other.
Preferably, each grinding bore communicates with the mixing tank through a main or branch conduit.
Preferably, two adjacent main pipelines are communicated through branch pipelines.
Preferably, each grinding hole is communicated to a main pipeline through a branch pipeline, and is indirectly communicated with the inside of the value mixing tank.
Preferably, each main pipe communicating with the mixing tank is provided with a branch pipe on its side wall from one end communicating with the mixing tank, and a secondary branch pipe is also provided on the side wall of the branch pipe.
Preferably, the pipe diameter of the main pipe is gradually reduced from one end connected with the mixing tank to the other end.
Preferably, the ratio of the inlet of the mixing tank at the other end of the polishing head to the maximum diameter of the polishing head is 2:5, and the ratio of the maximum diameter of the inside of the mixing tank to the maximum diameter of the polishing head is 5:6.
preferably, the grinding holes on the surface of the grinding area are distributed in a concave or stripe mode, and the section of the joint of the main pipeline and the branch pipeline is in an elliptic structure.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial technical effects:
the application relates to an elastic polishing tool, which comprises a polishing head, wherein one end of the polishing head is an arc surface, and a plurality of grinding holes are formed in the arc surface of the polishing head; the other end of the polishing is a clamping end which is used for being connected with a connecting grinding fixing device, the other end of the polishing head is provided with a mixing groove, a plurality of grinding holes on the arc surface of the polishing head are communicated with the mixing groove through root passages, the utilization efficiency principle of the polishing head on grinding fluid and abrasive materials is determined based on the root passages among pipelines inside the polishing head, the defect that the grinding fluid and abrasive materials are thrown away and difficult to enter a grinding area due to local close fit and high-speed rotation of the polishing head in the grinding process of the traditional tool can be overcome, the application can reasonably utilize centrifugal force to enable the grinding fluid to be more uniformly dispersed on the surface of the workpiece, adopts the mixing tank to enable the grinding fluid and the abrasive to be fully mixed, gathers the mixed grinding fluid and starts to split, reduces the outlet flow when the inertia force of high-speed rotation is fully utilized, enables the grinding fluid to be filled along with the movement track, and ensures the grinding uniformity.
Further, when the contact pressure is increased due to the elliptical shape of the pipeline connection part, the grinding fluid flow is increased, and the abrasive conveying amount is increased.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a cross-sectional perspective structure of a polishing head according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a polishing section in an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a grinding zone in a longitudinal stripe configuration according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a front view of a grinding zone in a longitudinal stripe configuration according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a bottom view of the grinding area with a longitudinal stripe configuration according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a front view of a grinding zone in a laterally striped configuration in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a bottom view of a grinding zone with a laterally striped configuration in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a bottom view of the grinding area with a concave structure according to the embodiment of the application;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing a polishing head distribution structure of a polishing head according to an embodiment of the present application;
the figure indicates: 1. a polishing head; 2. grinding the hole; 3. a mixing tank; 4. root system channel; 5. a main pipe; 6. and (5) supporting the pipeline.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the present application, a technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in which it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present application.
The utility model provides an elasticity grinds polishing tool, including polishing head 1, polishing head 1's one end is the arc surface, and the arc surface is the grinding district, is provided with a plurality of grinding holes 2 on polishing head 1's the arc surface, and polishing head 1's the other end is the holding end for be connected with connecting grinding fixing device, be equipped with mixed groove 3 on polishing head 1's the other end, a plurality of grinding holes 2 on polishing head 1's the arc surface and mixed groove 3 pass through root system passageway 4 intercommunication, and polishing head 1's complex structure adopts the material adding manufacturing method.
According to the polishing head structure adopted by the elastic polishing tool, the root system channel 4 in the polishing head structure forms a network bionic structure, the polishing head is made of elastic materials, and the design concept of randomness, connectivity and compressibility is adopted in the structure, so that the expected targets of uniform distribution, backflow, refundability and deformability are achieved. The root system channels 4 of the internal structure are designed to be branched layer by layer and distributed in a network manner, so that the polishing tool is stable in structure, and grinding fluid is utilized to the greatest extent, so that grinding marks and surface damage are reduced.
The mixing tank 3 at the other end of the polishing head 1 is a mixing area of grinding fluid, the arc surface at one end of the polishing head 1 is a grinding area, the root system channel 4 forms a transportation area, and the root system channel 4 adopts a tortuous channel to carry out a high-efficiency low-loss grinding and polishing process in a complex vein structure which is derived and crossed and staggered by continuously dividing roots layer by layer.
The root passage 4 comprises a main pipeline 5 and branch pipelines 6, each grinding hole 2 is communicated with the mixing tank 3 through one main pipeline 5, and two adjacent main pipelines are communicated through the branch pipelines 5; each grinding hole 2 can also be communicated to a main pipeline through a branch pipeline, and is indirectly communicated with the inside of the value mixing tank 3; the main and branch conduits form a cross-staggered network of characteristic veins within the polishing head 1.
All main pipelines communicated with the mixing tank 3 are provided with branch pipelines from one end communicated with the mixing tank 3, and secondary branch pipelines are also arranged on the side walls of the branch pipelines, so that the main pipelines circularly reciprocate to the surface of a grinding area and flow out more uniformly under different textures of an outlet; the pipe diameter of the main pipe is gradually reduced from one end connected with the mixing tank 3 to the other end.
The mixing tank 3 is used as a derivative starting point, each main pipeline communicated with the mixing tank 3 is divided into a plurality of branch pipelines and enters a transportation area, the branch pipelines are similar to the main pipeline, and the secondary branch pipelines are generated in the transportation area; according to the characteristic venation detouring and crossing, each main pipeline and branch pipeline network are continuously root-led layer by layer, so that a complex venation circulation structure with crossed and staggered back is formed. When the surface is ground, the surface enters a grinding area, and is uniformly dispersed on the surface of the grinding layer in the form of surface pits or stripes.
The grinding and polishing tool for the elastic matrix material solves the defect that grinding fluid and abrasive materials are difficult to enter a grinding area due to close fitting and high-speed rotation in the grinding process of the traditional tool, and the holes are communicated and cooperatively work by utilizing centrifugal force, necking design and surface texture, so that the grinding fluid is more uniformly distributed on the surfaces of a polishing head and a workpiece; the unique design can increase the grinding fluid flow and the abrasive conveying amount when the contact pressure in the polishing head is increased.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the ratio of the inlet of the mixing tank 3 at the other end of the polishing head 1 to the maximum diameter of the polishing head is 2:5, and the ratio of the maximum diameter of the mixing tank 3 to the maximum diameter of the polishing head is 5:6, preparing a base material; a large cavity structure which is easily deformed toward the grinding plane is formed in the polishing head 1. From the mixing zone into the transport zone, the end diameter of the main pipe is 9/100 of the polishing head diameter.
The adjacent main pipelines are communicated through an S-shaped pipeline, the diameter of the S-shaped pipeline is 1/30 of the diameter of the polishing head, and the S-shaped pipeline is formed by a Tan-Sigmoid function in a BP neural network, which is also called hyperbolic tangent S-shaped function, and the S-shaped pipeline is deformed into the following shape: f (x) =a/(1+e++a-bx)), and by setting the values of parameters a, b, a smooth continuous pipe path that is easy for the polishing head to deform is obtained by selecting several sets of S-spline curves with the best meandering effect.
The grinding holes 2 on the surface of the grinding area are arranged in the form of depressions or stripes.
As shown in figures 3 and 5, the diameters of the longitudinal stripes and the diameters of the polishing heads are distributed at intervals of 1:30, so that uniform pressure distribution and good grinding and removing effects are obtained.
As shown in fig. 4 and 7, the diameters of the transverse stripes and the diameters of the polishing heads are arranged at intervals of 2:75, so that denser pressure distribution and more precise machining effect are obtained.
As shown in fig. 6 and 8, the diameters of the concave structures and the diameters of the polishing heads are arranged in a net shape according to the proportion of 1:30, so that a sparse pressure distribution effect is obtained.
As shown in fig. 9, the main pipeline 5 and the branch pipeline 6 are characterized by bionic root systems and are arranged in the polishing head 1 in a staggered manner.
A branch pipeline top backflow allowance structure is arranged in the polishing head; enters the grinding zone when reaching the grinding surface, and is uniformly dispersed in the end grinding zone (i.e. the grinding surface) of the polishing head 1 in the form of a concave or striped structure.
During grinding, the surface area is locally compressed, and grinding fluid and grinding material overflow from the surface texture of the grinding area and are thrown out. Under the condition that grinding fluid and complex pipelines in the polishing head grind abrasive particles, the abrasive particles are passivated, and the surface abrasion condition of optical elements such as glass workpieces is reduced. The structure of the main pipeline 5 and the branch pipeline 6 which are arranged in a staggered way can save the consumption of grinding fluid due to the design of the closing-up of the tail ends of the pipelines.
The cross section of the joint of the main pipeline 5 and the branch pipeline 6 is of an elliptic structure, and is an elliptic cross section when the main pipeline is not extruded and stressed, and is an approximate circular cross section when the main pipeline is extruded and stressed; when grinding is performed at a large flow rate, the deformation degree of the polishing head can be reduced by the kinetic energy carried by the liquid to resist the elastic resistance, so that the surface stress of the glass workpiece is more uniform. And during low-flow grinding, the surface type adaptability of the polishing head is improved. Under the complex working condition, the flow can be reasonably controlled, and the space allowance in the polishing head is utilized to deform the polishing head so as to adapt to the grinding of the surface of the non-spherical workpiece.
It will be understood that the application has been described in terms of several embodiments, and that various changes and equivalents may be made to these features and embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the application without departing from the essential scope thereof. Therefore, it is intended that the application not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed, but that the application will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. The elastic grinding and polishing tool is characterized by comprising a hemispherical solid polishing head (1), wherein the structure of the polishing head (1) is prepared by adopting an elastic material through an additive manufacturing method, one end of the polishing head (1) is an arc surface, a plurality of grinding holes (2) are formed in the arc surface of the polishing head (1), the other end of the polishing head (1) is a clamping end and is used for being connected with a grinding fixing device, a mixing groove (3) used for fully mixing grinding liquid and abrasive is formed in the other end of the polishing head (1), a plurality of grinding holes (2) in the arc surface of the polishing head (1) are communicated with the mixing groove (3) through a root passage (4), the root passage (4) adopts a tortuous passage, the root passage (4) comprises a main pipe (5) and a branch pipe (6) which are mutually communicated, each grinding hole (2) is communicated with the mixing groove (3) through one main pipe (5) or the branch pipe, and each two adjacent main pipes are communicated with each other through the branch pipe (5), and each grinding hole (2) is indirectly communicated into the mixing groove (3); the grinding holes (2) on the surface of the grinding area are distributed in a concave or stripe mode, and the section of the joint of the main pipeline (5) and the branch pipeline (6) is in an elliptic structure.
2. An elastic polishing tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the main pipes of the communicating mixing tank (3) are provided with branch pipes on the side walls thereof from one end of the communicating mixing tank (3), and the secondary branch pipes are also provided on the side walls of the branch pipes.
3. An elastic polishing tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the pipe diameter of the main pipe is gradually reduced from one end to the other end of the main pipe connected by the mixing tank (3).
4. An elastic grinding and polishing tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratio of the inlet of the mixing tank (3) at the other end of the polishing head (1) to the maximum diameter of the polishing head is 2:5, and the ratio of the maximum diameter of the inside of the mixing tank (3) to the maximum diameter of the polishing head is 5:6.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210682414.1A CN115056080B (en) | 2022-06-16 | 2022-06-16 | Elastic grinding and polishing tool |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210682414.1A CN115056080B (en) | 2022-06-16 | 2022-06-16 | Elastic grinding and polishing tool |
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| CN115056080A CN115056080A (en) | 2022-09-16 |
| CN115056080B true CN115056080B (en) | 2023-10-10 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202210682414.1A Active CN115056080B (en) | 2022-06-16 | 2022-06-16 | Elastic grinding and polishing tool |
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| CN114043350A (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-02-15 | 中山市光大光学仪器有限公司 | Large-caliber hemispherical lens processing equipment and processing method |
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| DE202011004912U1 (en) * | 2011-04-06 | 2011-08-10 | Deckel Maho Seebach Gmbh | polishing tool |
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| CN104802060A (en) * | 2013-10-16 | 2015-07-29 | 卡尔蔡司光学国际有限公司 | Tool for the polishing of optical surfaces |
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| CN115056080A (en) | 2022-09-16 |
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