CN115053844A - Net cage base and installation method - Google Patents
Net cage base and installation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115053844A CN115053844A CN202210555360.2A CN202210555360A CN115053844A CN 115053844 A CN115053844 A CN 115053844A CN 202210555360 A CN202210555360 A CN 202210555360A CN 115053844 A CN115053844 A CN 115053844A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/60—Floating cultivation devices, e.g. rafts or floating fish-farms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/60—Floating cultivation devices, e.g. rafts or floating fish-farms
- A01K61/65—Connecting or mooring devices therefor
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
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- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a net cage base and an installation method, wherein the net cage base comprises a ring beam and an even number of sinking pads, the ring beam is in a ring shape, the sinking pads are arranged below the ring beam, the ring beam is in removable mechanical connection with the sinking pads through a plurality of connecting parts, the even number of sinking pads are uniformly and symmetrically arranged on the periphery below the ring beam, and the net cage base is arranged at the bottom of a open sea net cage, is positioned below the sea surface and is in contact with the sea bed. The installation method of the net cage base comprises the following steps: uniformly arranging sinking pads according to the shape of a ring beam of the net cage base; placing the four arc beams on the sinking pad, and connecting the four arc beams end to form a ring-shaped ring beam; the ring beam and the mat are removably mechanically connected by a connecting member. The invention has the advantages that: the erosion of seabed around the mat can be avoided, and the washing of pollutants at the bottom of the net cage is facilitated; complex field welding work is not needed; the ring beam and the sinking pad are mechanically connected in a separable way, so that the main body of the net cage can be conveniently transferred; the corrosion resistance is strong, and the manufacturing cost and the later maintenance cost are reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ocean engineering structures, in particular to a net cage base and an installation method.
Background
The development of innovative fishery, the great adjustment of fishery industry structure, the change of the growth mode of fishery economy is the policy guide of fishery in China, the rapid development of seawater cage culture fishery powerfully promotes the development of fishery economy in China, but the high-density culture in shallow sea areas and gulf for a long time causes various problems of water quality deterioration, environmental pollution, fish quality reduction, disease increase and the like, and the shallow cage culture is difficult to be continuously developed. Therefore, the necessity of open-sea cage culture in open deepwater sea areas is increasingly prominent.
The open sea net cage is a marine fish culture mode with higher technological content at present. The open sea net cage has the characteristics of strong wind and wave resistance, capability of culturing fishes in a semi-open sea area and the like, so that compared with the traditional small net cage, the open sea net cage has the advantages of high intensification degree and high culture density, the food sources of the fishes cultured in the net cage are more abundant, the fishes grow fast, the meat quality is good, and the quality is natural. Meanwhile, the seawater has a certain flow velocity, and the excrement of the fishes can be quickly taken away by the seawater, so that compared with the traditional net cage, the open sea net cage for breeding the fishes has fewer diseases. The advantages lead the quality of the culture products of the open sea net cage to be superior, and the economic benefit of the culture to be remarkable.
In deep sea areas, the stormy waves are generally large, particularly in the areas with more typhoons in the east sea and the south sea of China, and the influence of the stormy waves on cage culture in the open sea is particularly obvious. To ensure the safety of the cultured marine products, the open sea cages must have reliable wind and wave resistance. The wind and wave resistance of the net cage can be influenced by the box body structure and the base structure of the net cage to a great extent.
Open sea cages of the prior art generally use independent hollow steel sink pads as a base. Such cage bases have the following disadvantages: 1. the watertight structure is adopted, so that a reinforcing structure needs to be designed in order to bear the peripheral water pressure, the plate thickness is increased, and the structural weight and the manufacturing cost are increased; 2. the water flow can not pass through the sinking pad, so that the flow resisting effect is caused, the flow field direction is changed, the edge of the sinking pad is easily eroded and hollowed, and the natural scouring effect of seabed underflow on dirt under the net cage is reduced; 4. the inner side and the outer side of the steel sinking pad need to be exposed in seawater, and the inner side and the outer side of the steel sinking pad need to be subjected to anticorrosion treatment, so that the consumption of anticorrosive paint and sacrificial anode is increased; 5. the hollow steel sinking pad has light weight and poor in-place stability; 6. the installation needs complex field welding work, the workload is large, the assembly time is long, and the construction cost is high.
In view of the foregoing, there is a need in the art for a cage base and method of installation that overcomes the deficiencies of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a net cage base and an installation method, which can solve the problems in the prior art. The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
One embodiment of the invention provides a net cage base, which comprises a ring beam and an even number of sinking pads, wherein the ring beam is in a circular ring shape, the even number of sinking pads are arranged below the ring beam, the ring beam is in removable mechanical connection with the sinking pads through a plurality of connecting parts, the even number of sinking pads are uniformly and symmetrically arranged around the lower part of the ring beam, and the net cage base is arranged at the bottom of a open sea net cage, is positioned below the sea surface and is in contact with the sea bed.
According to the net cage base provided by the above embodiment of the invention, the ring beam comprises a beam body, the embedded steel plate and the dowel bars, the cross section of the ring beam is rectangular, the embedded steel plate is horizontally arranged and embedded on the upper surface of the beam body, the dowel bars are vertically arranged, the lower parts of the dowel bars are embedded in the beam body, the lower edge rods of the net cage are connected with the embedded steel plate on the base assembly through the connecting pieces, and the connecting parts of the bearing structures of the open sea net cage and the ring beam are connected with the dowel bars and the embedded steel plate through the connecting pieces.
According to the net cage base provided by the embodiment of the invention, the number of the sinking mats is not less than 4.
According to the net cage base provided by the embodiment of the invention, the even number of the sinking pads comprise at least two first sinking pads and second sinking pads, the first sinking pads are arranged below the connecting part of the bearing structure of the open sea net cage and the ring beam, and the first sinking pads and the second sinking pads are uniformly arranged one circle below the ring beam.
According to the cage base provided by the above embodiment of the present invention, the ring beam is of a hollow concrete structure.
According to one embodiment of the invention, there is provided a base for a mesh cage, wherein the mat is a concrete frame shear wall structure, the frame shear wall structure forming a channel through the mat, through which water can pass.
According to the net cage base provided by the above-mentioned one embodiment of the present invention, the passage of each mat is provided in a radial direction of the ring beam or in a direction substantially parallel to the radial direction of the ring beam.
According to the net cage base provided by the embodiment of the invention, the sinking pad comprises a base, a mud-proof pad, a supporting structure body and two limiting beams, the base is located below the mud-proof pad and connected with the mud-proof pad, the mud-proof pad is located below the supporting structure body and connected with the supporting structure body, the mud-proof pad and the supporting structure body form a channel along the radial direction of the ring beam, water can flow through the channel, the two limiting beams are arranged on the top of the supporting structure body and connected with the supporting structure body, the ring beam is placed between the two limiting beams, and the limiting beams are used for preventing the ring beam from horizontally displacing relative to the sinking pad.
According to the net cage base provided by the embodiment of the invention, the limiting beams are arc-shaped, the two limiting beams are respectively contacted with the inner surface and the outer surface of the bottom side of the ring beam, and the radian of the two limiting beams is respectively matched with the radian of the inner surface and the outer surface of the lower side of the ring beam, so that the ring beam is fixed between the two ring beams.
According to the net cage base provided by the embodiment of the invention, the connecting part comprises a plurality of tie bars, a steel plate, at least two connecting arms and a limiting pin, the steel plate is in a strip shape, the tie bars are connected above the steel plate and extend upwards, the connecting arms are connected below the steel plate and extend downwards, the connecting arms are provided with fixing holes near the top end positions extending downwards, the fixing holes in the connecting arms are aligned with each other, the tie bars and the steel plate are embedded into the bottom of the ring beam in advance, the connecting arms extend downwards from the bottom of the ring beam, and the connecting arms, the limiting pin and the limiting beam are matched to enable the sinkers to be mechanically connected with the ring beam in a removable mode.
According to the net cage base provided by the embodiment of the invention, when the ring beam and the mat are connected, the ring beam is placed between the two limiting beams, the connecting arm penetrates out from the position below the position between the two limiting beams, the position of the fixing hole is lower than the bottom edges of the two connecting beams, the limiting pin penetrates through the fixing holes of at least two connecting arms from the position below the connecting beams, and two ends of the limiting pin respectively extend to the positions below or the outer sides below the two limiting beams.
According to the net cage base provided by the embodiment of the invention, when the ring beam and the sinking pad are separated, the limiting pin shaft is removed from the positions below the two limiting beams and in the fixing hole, so that the ring beam and the sinking pad are separated.
According to the invention, the base of the net cage is provided, wherein the concrete is added with an anti-corrosion additive and a penetration additive.
According to the invention, the net cage base is provided, wherein the permeable additive is a cement-based permeable crystalline waterproof material.
According to the net cage base provided by the embodiment of the invention, the ring beam comprises four arc beams, and the four arc beams are connected end to form the beam body of the ring beam.
According to the base for the net cage provided by the embodiment of the invention, the ring beam further comprises a plurality of hanging hooks, the hanging hooks are uniformly arranged along the inner side of the ring beam along one circle, the lower part of the net cage is connected with the hanging hooks, and the hanging hooks are used for fixing the lower part of the net cage.
According to the base for the net cage provided by the embodiment of the invention, the ring beam further comprises a plurality of connecting parts arranged on the upper surface, and the connecting parts are connecting hooks for connecting the inhaul cables of the net cage.
One embodiment of the present invention provides a method for installing a foundation of a net cage, which includes the steps of:
step 100: uniformly arranging sinking pads according to the shape of a ring beam of the net cage base;
step 200: placing the four arc beams on the sinking pad, and connecting the four arc beams end to form a ring-shaped ring beam;
step 300: the ring beam and the mat are removably mechanically connected by a connecting member.
According to the installation method of the net cage base provided by the above embodiment of the present invention, the uniformly arranging the sinking pads according to the shape of the ring beam of the net cage base includes:
step 101: two first sinking pads are symmetrically arranged according to the diameter of the ring beam;
step 102: and according to the expected installation position and shape of the ring beam, uniformly arranging second sinking pads between the two first sinking pads along the circumference of the ring beam.
According to the installation method of the net cage base provided by the embodiment of the invention, when the mat is arranged, the mat is arranged in the way of the mat along the radial direction of the ring beam or the direction basically parallel to the radial direction of the ring beam.
According to the method for installing the foundation of the net cage provided by the embodiment of the invention, the arc-shaped beam connected with the bearing structure of the open sea net cage is placed on the first sinking mat.
According to the installation method of the base of the net cage provided by the embodiment of the invention, four arc-shaped beams are connected in a non-bonding prestressed mode to form a ring beam in a ring shape.
The net cage base according to the embodiment of the invention has the advantages that: the concrete sinking pad adopts a frame shear wall structure design with a water flow channel, can avoid the hollowing erosion of the seabed around the sinking pad, simultaneously increases the through-flow speed and the water permeability through the ground disc of the net cage, and is beneficial to the effect of flushing pollutants (fish feces and residual feed) at the bottom of the net cage; the concrete members are assembled without complex on-site welding work, so that the assembly time is shortened, and the construction cost is reduced; the concrete ring beam and the sinking pad are connected in a mechanical mode and can be separated from each other, and the structural part above the concrete ring beam can be floated again, so that the purposes of easy field displacement and recycling are achieved; the anti-permeability and self-repairing concrete additive is adopted, so that the concrete additive has good resistance to corrosive environment, meanwhile, the concrete structure has no fatigue problem, the anti-corrosion anode and the coating needed by a steel structure base are saved, and the manufacturing cost and the later maintenance cost are reduced.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments thereof, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic view of a base of a net cage according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic view of a net cage base of a load bearing structure comprising an open sea net cage according to one embodiment of the present invention as shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 shows a top view of the cage base with 6 mat pads according to one embodiment of the present invention as shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 4 shows a schematic view of the connecting parts of the base of the net cage according to one embodiment of the present invention as shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the connection part of the cage base according to an embodiment of the present invention shown in fig. 1 with the ring beam when the ring beam is connected with the mat.
Fig. 6 shows a schematic view of the mat and the connection part of the foundation of the net cage according to one embodiment of the present invention as shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 7 shows a flow chart of a method of installing a foundation of a net cage according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numbers and part names: 1-ring beam, 2-sinking pad, 3-bearing structure of open sea net cage, 4-connecting component, 11-beam body, 12-embedded steel plate, 13-dowel bar, 14-arc beam, 15-hanging hook, 21-first sinking pad, 22-second sinking pad, 23-mud-proof pad, 24-supporting structural body, 25-limiting beam, 26-base, 27-channel, 30-connecting part, 31-lower edge rod, 41-tie bar, 42-steel plate, 43-connecting arm, 44-limiting pin and A-plane circle center of net cage base.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application with reference to the drawings and examples will make it clear that those skilled in the art can fully understand the technical solutions, technical problems to be solved, and technical effects produced by the solutions described in the present application through the contents described in the present specification. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the application and are not limiting of the application. In addition, for convenience of description, only portions related to the present application are shown in the drawings.
It should be noted that the structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the drawings are only used for matching with the contents described in the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the conditions that the present application can be implemented, so that the present application has no technical essence, and any structural modification, ratio relationship change or size adjustment should fall within the scope covered by the technical contents disclosed in the present application without affecting the efficacy and the achievable purpose of the present application.
Reference to words such as "first," "second," "the," and the like do not denote a limitation of quantity, and may refer to the singular or the plural. The present application is directed to the terms "comprising," "including," "having," and any variations thereof, which are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions; for example, a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or modules is not limited to only those steps or elements but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Reference to "connected," "coupled," and the like in this application is not intended to be limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may also include direct or indirect electrical connections.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic view of a base of a net cage according to one embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the offshore oil well cage comprises a ring beam 1 and an even number of sinking pads 2, wherein the ring beam 1 is circular, the even number of sinking pads 2 are arranged below the ring beam 1, the ring beam 1 is mechanically connected with the sinking pads 2 in a removable manner through a plurality of connecting parts 4, the even number of sinking pads 2 are uniformly and symmetrically arranged on the periphery below the ring beam 1, and a cage base is arranged at the bottom of the offshore cage, is positioned below the sea surface and is in contact with the seabed.
According to the net cage base provided by the above embodiment of the present invention, the ring beam 1 includes a beam body 11, an embedded steel plate 12 and a dowel bar 13, the cross section of the ring beam 1 is rectangular, the embedded steel plate 12 is horizontally disposed and embedded on the upper surface of the beam body 11, the dowel bar 13 is vertically disposed and the lower portion of the dowel bar 13 is embedded in the beam body 11, the lower edge rod 31 of the net cage is connected with the embedded steel plate 12 on the base component through a connecting member, the connecting portion 30 between the bearing structure 3 of the open-sea net cage and the ring beam 1 is connected with the dowel bar 13 and the embedded steel plate 12 through a connecting member, and the connecting member includes but is not limited to a steel bar, a nut and a bolt.
According to the cage base provided by the above embodiment of the present invention, the number of the mat 2 is not less than 4, and preferably, the number of the mat 2 is 6.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic view of a net cage base of a load bearing structure comprising an open sea net cage according to one embodiment of the present invention as shown in fig. 1. As shown in fig. 2, the even number of sinking pads 2 includes at least two first sinking pads 21 and second sinking pads 22, the first sinking pads 21 are disposed below the connecting portions 30 of the bearing structures 3 and the ring beams 1 of the open-sea cage, the number of the connecting portions 30 of the bearing structures 3 and the ring beams 1 of the open-sea cage is the same as that of the first sinking pads 21, and the first sinking pads 21 and the second sinking pads 22 are uniformly disposed around the lower side of the ring beams 1.
According to the cage base provided by the above embodiment of the present invention, the bearing structure 3 of the open sea cage is an arch structure, the arch feet at the two ends of the arch structure are connected with the ring beam 1, the first mat 20 is located below the connection part 30 of the arch feet and the ring beam 1, the first mat 20 is a main bearing base of the open sea cage, and the second mat 21 is a secondary bearing base of the open sea cage.
According to the present invention, the foundation of the net cage is provided, wherein the ring beam 1 is of a hollow concrete structure.
According to the present invention, a net cage base is provided, wherein the mat 2 is a concrete frame shear wall structure, the frame shear wall structure forms a channel 27 penetrating the mat 2, and water flow can pass through the mat 2 from the channel 27. The frame shear wall structure is also called a frame shear structure, and the frame shear wall structure is a bearing structure formed by arranging a certain number of shear walls in the frame structure.
According to the present invention, there is provided the cage base according to the above-mentioned one embodiment, wherein the passage 27 of each mat 2 is provided in a radial direction of the ring beam 1 or in a direction substantially parallel to the radial direction of the ring beam 1. The even number of the sinking pads 2 are uniformly and symmetrically arranged at one circle below the ring beam 1, and the passages 27 of each pair of the symmetrical sinking pads 2 are approximately aligned, so that the arrangement is favorable for focusing water flow flowing into the bottom of the base of the net cage, thereby achieving the effect of flushing residual pollutants at the bottom of the center of the bottom of the net cage.
According to the present invention, a net cage base is provided, wherein the ring beam 1 comprises four arc beams 14, and the four arc beams 14 are connected end to form the beam body 11 of the ring beam 1.
According to the cage base provided by the above embodiment of the present invention, the ring beam 1 further includes a plurality of hanging hooks 15, the plurality of hanging hooks 15 are uniformly arranged along a circumference of the inner side of the ring beam 1, the lower portion of the net of the cage is connected with the hanging hooks 15, and the hanging hooks 15 are used for fixing the lower portion of the net of the cage.
According to the above-mentioned one embodiment of the present invention, a base for a net cage is provided, wherein the upper surface of the ring beam 1 is further provided with connecting members (not shown in the drawings) for connecting the nets of the net cage, including but not limited to connecting hooks. The construction of the connecting hook is referred to the construction of the catch hook 15.
Fig. 3 shows a top view of the cage base with 6 mat according to one embodiment of the invention as shown in fig. 1. As shown in fig. 3, the sinking pad 2 is uniformly and symmetrically distributed below the ring beam 1 according to an included angle of 60 degrees by taking the plane circle center a of the base of the net cage as a reference point. Corresponding to 0 ° clockwise with 0 °, 6 pads 2 are located at 0 °, 180 °, 60 °, 120 °, 240 ° and 300 °, respectively.
Fig. 4 shows a schematic view of the connecting parts of the base of the net cage according to one embodiment of the present invention as shown in fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the connection part of the cage base according to an embodiment of the present invention shown in fig. 1 with the ring beam when the ring beam is connected with the mat. Fig. 6 shows a schematic view of the mat and the connection part of the foundation of the net cage according to one embodiment of the present invention as shown in fig. 1. As shown in fig. 4-6, the mat 2 includes a base 26, a mud-proof mat 23, a support structure 24 and two limiting beams 25, the base 26 is located below the mud-proof mat 23 and connected with the mud-proof mat 23, the mud-proof mat 23 is located below the support structure 24 and connected with the support structure 24, the mud-proof mat 23 and the support structure 24 are along a channel 27 of the ring beam 1 in the radial direction, water can flow through the channel 27, the two limiting beams 25 are disposed on the top of the support structure 24 and connected with the support structure 24, the ring beam 1 is placed between the two limiting beams 25, and the limiting beams 25 are used for preventing the ring beam 1 from horizontally displacing relative to the mat 2.
According to the cage base provided by the above embodiment of the present invention, the limiting beams 25 are arc-shaped, the two limiting beams 25 are respectively contacted with the inner surface and the outer surface of the bottom side of the ring beam 1, and the radian of the two limiting beams 25 is respectively matched with the radian of the inner surface and the outer surface of the lower side of the ring beam 1, so that the ring beam 1 is fixed between the two ring beams 1.
According to the net cage base provided by the above embodiment of the present invention, the connection member 4 includes a plurality of tie bars 41, a steel plate 42, at least two connection arms 43 and a limit pin 44, the steel plate 42 is in a strip shape, the tie bars 41 are connected above the steel plate 42 and extend upward, the connection arms 43 are connected below the steel plate 42 and extend downward, the connection arms 43 are provided with fixing holes near the top end positions extending downward, the fixing holes on the connection arms 43 are aligned with each other, the tie bars 41 and the steel plate 42 are embedded into the bottom of the ring beam 1, the connection arms 43 extend downward from the bottom of the ring beam 1, and the connection arms 43, the limit pin 44 and the limit beam 25 are matched to enable the mat 2 to be removably and mechanically connected with the ring beam 1.
According to the net cage base provided by the above embodiment of the present invention, when the ring beam 1 and the mat 2 are connected, the ring beam 1 is placed between the two limiting beams 25, the connecting arm 43 passes through the lower part between the two limiting beams 25, the position of the fixing hole is lower than the bottom edges of the two connecting beams, the limiting pin 44 passes through the fixing holes of at least two connecting arms 43 from the lower part of the connecting beams, and both ends of the limiting pin 44 extend to the lower part or the outer side of the lower part of the two limiting beams 25 respectively.
According to the present invention, there is provided a foundation for a net cage in which when the ring beam 1 is separated from the mat 2, the stopper pins 44 are removed from the fixing holes and from the lower side of the two stopper beams 25, thereby separating the ring beam 1 from the mat 2.
According to the invention, the base of the net cage is provided, wherein the concrete is added with an anti-corrosion additive and a penetration additive. The permeable additive is used for preventing seawater from permeating into a concrete structure, and is a cement-based permeable crystalline waterproof material which can perform hydration reaction with seawater permeating from cracks to form crystals and further block the cracks to prevent seawater from further permeating under the condition that micro cracks exist on concrete.
Fig. 7 shows a flow chart of a method of installing a foundation of a net cage according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 7, the installation method of the base of the net cage includes a plurality of steps:
step 100: uniformly arranging sinking pads according to the shape of a ring beam of the net cage base;
step 200: placing the four arc beams on the sinking pad, and connecting the four arc beams end to form a ring-shaped ring beam;
step 300: the ring beam and the mat are removably mechanically connected by a connecting member.
According to the installation method of the net cage base provided by the above embodiment of the present invention, the uniformly arranging the sinking pads according to the shape of the ring beam of the net cage base includes:
step 101: two first sinking pads are symmetrically arranged according to the diameter of the ring beam;
step 102: and according to the expected installation position and shape of the ring beam, uniformly arranging second sinking pads between the two first sinking pads along the circumference of the ring beam.
According to the installation method of the net cage base provided by the embodiment of the invention, when the mat is arranged, the mat is arranged in the way of the mat along the radial direction of the ring beam or the direction basically parallel to the radial direction of the ring beam.
According to the method for installing the foundation of the net cage provided by the embodiment of the invention, the arc-shaped beam connected with the bearing structure of the open sea net cage is placed on the first sinking mat.
According to the installation method of the net cage base provided by the embodiment of the invention, four arc-shaped beams are connected in an unbonded prestressed mode to form a ring-shaped ring beam. The unbonded prestress means that the prestressed tendon in the prestressed member has no bonding force with concrete, and the tensile force of the prestressed tendon is completely transferred to the member by the fixing pieces at two ends of the member.
The net cage base according to the embodiment of the invention has the advantages that: the concrete sinking pad adopts a frame shear wall structure design with a water flow channel, can avoid the hollowing erosion of the seabed around the sinking pad, simultaneously increases the through-flow speed and the water permeability through the ground disc of the net cage, and is beneficial to the effect of flushing pollutants (fish feces and residual feed) at the bottom of the net cage; the concrete members are assembled without complex on-site welding work, so that the assembly time is shortened, and the construction cost is reduced; the concrete ring beam and the sinking pad are connected in a mechanical mode and can be separated from each other, and the structural part above the concrete ring beam can be floated again, so that the purposes of easy field displacement and recycling are achieved; the anti-permeability and self-repairing concrete additive is adopted, so that the concrete additive has good resistance to corrosive environment, meanwhile, the concrete structure has no fatigue problem, the anti-corrosion anode and the coating needed by a steel structure base are saved, and the manufacturing cost and the later maintenance cost are reduced.
While the present application has been described and illustrated with reference to particular embodiments thereof, such description and illustration are not intended to be construed in a limiting sense. It will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the present application as defined in the claims. There may be a difference between the technical reproduction in the present application and the actual device due to variables in the manufacturing process and the like. There may be other embodiments of the application that are not specifically illustrated. The specification and figures are to be regarded in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense, and all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims. Although the methods disclosed herein have been described with reference to particular operations being performed in a particular order, it should be understood that these operations may be combined, sub-divided, or arranged to form an equivalent method without departing from the teachings of the present application. Accordingly, unless specifically indicated herein, the order and grouping of the operations is not a limitation of the present application.
Claims (22)
1. A net cage base is characterized by comprising a ring beam and an even number of sinking pads, wherein the ring beam is circular, the even number of sinking pads are arranged below the ring beam, the ring beam is removably and mechanically connected with the sinking pads through a plurality of connecting parts, the even number of sinking pads are uniformly and symmetrically arranged on the periphery below the ring beam, and the net cage base is arranged at the bottom of a open sea net cage, is positioned below the sea surface and is in contact with the sea bed.
2. The net cage base according to claim 1, wherein the ring beam comprises a beam body, an embedded steel plate and a joint bar, the cross section of the ring beam is rectangular, the embedded steel plate is horizontally arranged and embedded on the upper surface of the beam body, the joint bar is vertically arranged and the lower part of the joint bar is embedded in the beam body, the lower edge rod of the net cage is connected with the embedded steel plate on the base assembly through a connecting piece, and the bearing structure of the open sea net cage and the connecting part of the ring beam are connected with the joint bar and the embedded steel plate through a connecting piece.
3. The net cage base of claim 1, wherein the number of the mat is not less than 4.
4. The net cage base of claim 3, wherein the even number of sinking pads comprises at least two first sinking pads and second sinking pads, the first sinking pads are disposed below the connection portions of the load bearing structures of the open sea net cage and the ring beams, the number of the connection portions of the load bearing structures of the open sea net cage and the ring beams is the same as the number of the first sinking pads, and the first sinking pads and the second sinking pads are uniformly disposed one round below the ring beams.
5. The net cage base of claim 1, wherein the ring beam is a hollow concrete structure.
6. A cage base as claimed in claim 5 in which the mat is a concrete frame shear wall structure forming passages through the mat through which water can pass.
7. The cage base as claimed in claim 6, wherein the passage of each mat is arranged in a radial direction of the ring beam or in a direction substantially parallel to the radial direction of the ring beam.
8. The mesh cage base of claim 7, wherein the mat comprises a base, a mud guard, a support structure and two limiting beams, the base is located below the mud guard and connected with the mud guard, the mud guard is located below the support structure and connected with the support structure, the mud guard and the support structure form a plurality of channels along the radial direction of the ring beam, the channels are isolated from each other and parallel to each other, water can flow through the channels, the two limiting beams are arranged on the top of the support structure and connected with the support structure, the ring beam is placed between the two limiting beams, and the limiting beams are used for preventing the ring beam from horizontally displacing relative to the mat.
9. The net cage base of claim 8, wherein the limiting beams are arc-shaped, the two limiting beams are respectively contacted with the inner surface and the outer surface of the bottom side of the ring beam, and the radian of the two limiting beams is respectively matched with the radian of the inner surface and the outer surface of the lower side of the ring beam so that the ring beam is fixed between the two ring beams.
10. The mesh cage base of claim 9, wherein the connecting member comprises a plurality of tie bars, a steel plate, at least two connecting arms and a limit pin, the steel plate is elongated, the tie bars are connected above the steel plate and extend upward, the connecting arms are connected below the steel plate and extend downward, the connecting arms are provided with fixing holes near the top end position extending downward, the fixing holes on the connecting arms are aligned with each other, the tie bars and the steel plate are embedded into the bottom of the ring beam, the connecting arms extend downward from the bottom of the ring beam, and the connecting arms, the limit pin and the limit beam are matched to enable the mat to be removably and mechanically connected with the ring beam.
11. The net cage base according to claim 10, wherein when the ring beam and the mat are connected, the ring beam is placed between the two limit beams, the connecting arm passes through the space between the two limit beams, the fixing hole is lower than the bottom edges of the two connecting beams, the limit pin passes through the fixing holes of at least two connecting arms from the space below the connecting beams, and the two ends of the limit pin extend to the space below or the outer side below the two limit beams respectively.
12. The net cage base of claim 11, wherein the spacing pins are removed from under the two spacing beams and the fixing holes to separate the ring beams from the mat when separating the ring beams from the mat.
13. A cage base as claimed in either one of claims 5 or 6 in which corrosion inhibiting additives and permeability additives are incorporated into the concrete.
14. The net cage base of claim 13, wherein the osmotic additive is a cement-based osmotically crystalline water-resistant material.
15. The net cage base of claim 2, wherein the ring beam further comprises four arc beams connected end to form a beam body of the ring beam.
16. The mesh cage base according to claim 2, wherein the ring beam further comprises a plurality of hanging hooks uniformly arranged along a circumference of an inner side of the ring beam, and a lower portion of a mesh of the mesh cage is connected with the hanging hooks for fixing the lower portion of the mesh cage.
17. The net cage base of claim 2, wherein the ring beam further includes a plurality of connection members provided on the upper surface, the connection members being connection hooks for connecting the guy wires of the net cage.
18. A method for installing a base of a net cage is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 100: uniformly arranging sinking pads according to the shape of a ring beam of the net cage base;
step 200: placing the four arc-shaped beams on the sinking pad, and connecting the four arc-shaped beams end to form a ring-shaped ring beam;
step 300: the ring beam and the mat are removably mechanically connected by a connecting member.
19. The method for installing a foundation in a net cage according to claim 18, wherein the uniformly arranging the sinking pads in accordance with the shape of the ring beam of the foundation in a net cage comprises:
step 101: two first sinking pads are symmetrically arranged according to the diameter of the ring beam;
step 102: and according to the expected installation position and shape of the ring beam, uniformly arranging second sinking pads between the two first sinking pads along the circumference of the ring beam.
20. A method of installing a foundation for a net cage as claimed in claim 18, wherein the mat is installed such that the passage of the mat is in a radial direction of the ring beam or in a direction substantially parallel to the radial direction of the ring beam.
21. The method of installing a foundation for a net cage according to claim 19, wherein the arched beams connected to the load-bearing structure of the open sea net cage are placed on the first mat.
22. A method of installing a foundation for a mesh cage as claimed in claim 18 wherein four arcuate beams are connected to form a ring beam in a unbonded prestressed manner.
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| CN202210555360.2A CN115053844B (en) | 2022-05-20 | 2022-05-20 | Cage base and installation method |
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| CN202210555360.2A CN115053844B (en) | 2022-05-20 | 2022-05-20 | Cage base and installation method |
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| KR20100108316A (en) * | 2010-09-16 | 2010-10-06 | 김인진 | Wave tolerative fish cage system with submersible type |
| CN107333691A (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2017-11-10 | 合肥学院 | Anti-current deep water mesh cage system |
| CN110250064A (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2019-09-20 | 中集海洋工程研究院有限公司 | The seat bottom method of net cage and net cage |
| CN114027235A (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2022-02-11 | 中山市武汉理工大学先进工程技术研究院 | Prefabricated UHPC (ultra high performance polycarbonate) fishing ground net cage and construction method thereof |
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- 2022-05-20 CN CN202210555360.2A patent/CN115053844B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20100108316A (en) * | 2010-09-16 | 2010-10-06 | 김인진 | Wave tolerative fish cage system with submersible type |
| CN107333691A (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2017-11-10 | 合肥学院 | Anti-current deep water mesh cage system |
| CN110250064A (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2019-09-20 | 中集海洋工程研究院有限公司 | The seat bottom method of net cage and net cage |
| CN114027235A (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2022-02-11 | 中山市武汉理工大学先进工程技术研究院 | Prefabricated UHPC (ultra high performance polycarbonate) fishing ground net cage and construction method thereof |
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