KR101006982B1 - pendulum type cultivation of fish cage - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a pendulum-type cage facility that can be applied in the open sea and, if necessary, to move the entire cage facility, comprising: a cage upper structure providing buoyancy at sea level; An intermediate rim for securing the overall shape and space of the cage net at an intermediate depth; A lower weight providing a center of gravity of the entire facility at the bottom; A skeletal connecting rope connecting an outer circumference of the intermediate rim to a lower portion of the upper structure and connecting the lower weight body to a lower portion of the intermediate rim; Frame net is installed so as to surround the outer periphery of the skeletal connecting rope; overall structural characteristics of the cage net structure while the force acting upward and the lower weight body acting downward acting force in the opposite direction to each other It is configured to minimize the shape and volume changes, and it provides a pendulum-type large cage farming facility exhibiting a pendulum-like behavior even when the cage farming facility is moved by external force, thus exhibiting a very stable behavior.

Cages, Aquaculture, Pendulum, Offshore, Settlement, One Point Mooring

Description

Pendulum type cultivation of fish cage

The present invention is applicable to the open sea and relates to a new concept of cage facilities that can move the entire cage facility, if necessary, in particular when the marine environment is poor, such as storms by minimizing the surplus buoyancy of the entire cage facility The entire submersion is submerged below sea level to minimize the effects of waves, thereby ensuring that the cage facilities are safely maintained in the marine environment, and that the cage facilities themselves exhibit pendulum behavior by upper floats and lower weights. The present invention relates to a pendulum-type large cage facility, which is made up of large cage nets capable of raising fish, so that economic farming can be achieved.

The fishery industry has been established as one of the traditional industries of Korea, but recently, the fishery industry is in a big crisis due to the sharp decrease of fishery resources due to coastal marine pollution and red tide. One solution to the problem of reducing fisheries resources is to activate the aquaculture industry.

However, since most of the farming industry in Korea is in the bay or coastal areas, the recently increasing coastal pollution problem is a big obstacle to the aquaculture industry. In addition, the damage of aquaculture industry is increasing due to the problem of all fish farming caused by red tide and oil spill caused by ship accident.

Korea has used aquaculture cages made of traditional wood and styrofoam materials. These traditional cages have been damaged in the absence of very large blue conditions by the destruction of the superstructure and the loss of all farmed fish.

Conventional cage farming facilities currently used in aquaculture farms consist of a pair of long wooden timbers assembled by bolt nuts, and are tied together with a styrofoam buoy to secure buoyancy. It is attached to a farming net, and it is used to tie an anchor to the edge of the frame.

However, the conventional farming facility of such a configuration has a very large area exposed to the surface of the surface and receives a lot of blue energy, so it is very weak and susceptible to large waves, and it is not easy to be applied to the impact of the waves. It is uneconomical due to short durability due to breakage or rapid aging, and there is a problem such that when the sea environment is rough, the frame is severely shaken to safely carry out farming work.

In recent years, breakwater-proof cages have been developed and used, using polyethylene (PE) pipes instead of wood and styrofoam to be used as superstructures. PE pipes are superior to wood in strength and flexibility, so they have great resistance to wave loads.

However, the impingement edging also overproduces the upper structure consisting of PE pipes, so in poor sea conditions such as storms, the PE pipes are destroyed and the entire fish is lost. Implosion-proof cages have been operated stably on the South and West coasts of Korea, but it is difficult to find cases of successful operation due to high turbulence on the East coast.

Due to the structural problems of cage facilities, farmed cages are mainly operated only in shallow waters, causing farmed feed to accumulate on the sea floor, causing secondary environmental pollution. The solution to this problem is to increase the depth of aquaculture, and to move the aquaculture to the open sea. To this end, it is necessary to design a cage facility that can withstand the poor marine environment of the open sea.

Also, for the success of aquaculture cage facilities, cage nets need to have a large space. In the implosion cages, the net space where fish live below sea level has a very narrow disadvantage, which results in a narrow working space for farmed fish and the inability to produce high quality farmed fish. Therefore, the development of the cage which can secure the maximum volume of the cage net is required.

Recently, the Spa type cages have been developed overseas to provide high quality cages that can secure a large space for fish activities as well as structural safety. However, sparse cages also require relatively large volumes of spar structure, which is problematic in that they are exposed to large external forces.

The present invention is to provide a mobile pendulum-type facility that is movable and the cage facility can ensure its safety even in poor marine conditions.

Mobile pendulum-type cage facilities according to the present invention,

First, under strong waves and conditions, such as storm waves, the cage facilities are automatically settled below sea level by drag, minimizing the impact of the waves, and the structure provides safe cage facilities.

Secondly, if marine pollution occurs around the cage facilities or red tide occurs, and there is a risk of aquatic fish species, we provide mobile cage facilities that can move cages themselves to safe waters.

Third, the upper structure of the cage facility was developed in a two-layer structure to minimize the surplus buoyancy so that it can be automatically locked and minimize the contact area with the sea surface to receive external force such as blue waves. It is composed of a structure that can minimize the influence of external force.

Fourth, the entire structural frame of the cage facility should be designed to be simple and safe. The middle rim should be designed to be structurally safe without corrosion in seawater and to maximize structural safety. Determine the connection point, etc.

Fifth, the lower weight body that dominates the center of gravity of the whole structure to minimize the movement by the vertical movement of the structure, mooring facilities are installed mooring lines and anchors so as to receive the minimum external force by tidal current.

Sixth, the anchor system that maintains the entire system is devised and applied to the appropriate anchor facility according to the characteristics of the seabed.

The object of the present invention described above,

In pendulum cages facilities that are resistant to blue and algae,

Cage superstructures that provide buoyancy at sea level; An intermediate rim for securing the overall shape and space of the cage net at an intermediate depth; A lower weight providing a center of gravity of the entire facility at the bottom; A skeletal connecting rope connecting an outer circumference of the intermediate rim to a lower portion of the upper structure and connecting the lower weight body to a lower portion of the intermediate rim; Consists of a cage net surrounding the skeletal connecting rope and the intermediate forest;

In general, the structural characteristics of the cage structure and the lower weight of the force acting up the force acting in the opposite direction while configuring the shape and volume change of the cage nets to minimize the movement of the cage culture facility by the external force Even though the pendulum-like behavior exhibits a very stable behavior, it provides a large pendulum cage facility.

In another aspect, the present invention, connecting the intermediate portion through the mooring line to the connection point of the upper structure and the skeletal connecting rope and the connection point of the skeletal connecting rope and the lower weight, respectively, the intermediate portion is anchored on the seabed by the anchor mooring line It is configured to be fixedly connected to, and when moving, the intermediate part cuts the anchor mooring line connected to the anchor device of the seabed from below, and connects the rope to the transport ship so that it can be transported at a constant speed. If there is a possibility of spread or being affected by red tide, the entire cage facility can be moved to a safe point from the source.

In addition, the present invention, the total surplus buoyancy of the upper structure is configured not to be excessive so that the algae acts greater than a certain speed or in the case of bad weather such as storm blue, the cage net, the intermediate rim, the upper structure, the lower weight body, etc. It provides a semi-automatic sedimentation farming facility that is designed to have greater stamina than excess buoyancy so that the entire structure is submerged below sea level so that the entire structure is not affected by bad weather.

In addition, the present invention, the upper structure of the cage for providing buoyancy at sea level, is composed of a high density polyethylene (HDPE) pipe having a low specific gravity and relatively high strength, connecting a small diameter polyethylene pipe in a circular or square form It is manufactured in a vacuum state to have sufficient buoyancy and flexible to move against incident blue, but in a two-layer structure to satisfy the entire required buoyancy and to reduce the sea surface and contact area. It is composed of round or square cage shape for boarding work or simple maintenance, or a large diameter polyethylene pipe is erected vertically, but the center of gravity is located at the bottom of the pipe by injecting a large specific gravity steel at the bottom of the pipe. Kinetic performance against incident blue As the upper structure adapted to have superior characteristics.

In addition, the present invention, when constructing an intermediate rim for securing the fish spawning volume of the cage farming facility, the high-density polyethylene exhibits almost neutral buoyancy by allowing the seawater to flow into the pipe without causing corrosion by sea water Consists of a circular shape consisting of pipes to facilitate the production of large cages by increasing the diameter of the circular, and structurally safe for tensile force acting on the high density polyethylene pipe by the buoyancy of the upper structure and the weight of the lower weight body The connection point is connected to at least 90 points and is characterized by forming the intermediate rim with a polypropylene or composite rope having a specific gravity of less than 1 between the upper structure and the intermediate rim and the lower weight and not being corroded by seawater.

In addition, the present invention, while the cage net of the cage facility is installed in the lower weight of the weight sufficient to be able to maintain the volume and shape of the cage net even in an environment in which flow such as algae, the lower weight is cage It is characterized in that the disk is composed of several overlapping forms so that the vertical motion is compensated by the overall behavior.

In addition, the present invention, using a one-point mooring system using a single anchor mooring system to maintain the pendulum-shaped large cages in a specific position, but freely fluctuates due to seawater flow and less affected by external forces, intermediate to the anchor mooring line The buoys are connected, and the mooring force acting on the anchor mooring lines is applied to the mid-height point of the culture cages, so that the entire culture cage facility is not tilted even if external forces from birds and waves are applied.

The mooring line and the anchor mooring line uses a polypropylene or composite rope that is not corroded by sea water, and the portion facing the sea bottom is composed of a chain having a relatively low weight to minimize wear by friction with the sea bottom. Some small anchor blocks are installed between the chains so that when the form cage is pushed by the fluid force, a portion of the chain and the small anchor blocks fall off the sea floor, and when the fluid force decreases and falls within a certain range, it sinks to the sea bottom. It is characterized in that the mooring system is configured to minimize the force acting on the anchor.

In the construction of the anchoring device of the mooring system, when the seabed geology at the installation point is rock, the rock is drilled, and then the penetration anchor made of steel pipe is inserted into the drilled hole and used as an anchor. The combination of the weight block and the anchor for ships is characterized in that the configuration of the anchor device.

The present invention is a technical design of the cage facility essential for farming fish and the like. Gravity cages commonly used in Korea can only be applied in bays where the marine environment is very calm, and it is impossible to farm the open sea, and in poor conditions such as storms, farming fish species have been lost through the destruction of facilities.

However, the cage facility proposed by the present invention is designed to be immersed under the sea level where the entire facility is less affected by the blue waves due to the drag force acting on the structure when storm currents and the like act largely. Application is also possible at. Therefore, the present invention will provide an opportunity to activate the offshore cage farming industry.

In addition, the mobile cage facility proposed by the present invention can be moved to a safe sea area when there are adverse effects such as red tide or marine pollution in the surrounding waters, so that the farmed fish are temporarily killed by the red tide or marine pollution problem. Being free will be a milestone in the aquaculture industry.

The present invention is a culture cage facility necessary for farming fish, etc., which can be applied to deep seas, and can secure its safety even in bad weather marine environments due to high turbulence, and can move entire cage facilities if necessary. It is about facility.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is an overall schematic diagram of a pendulum-type large cage farm facility that is composed of an upper structure, an intermediate rim, a lower weight, a rope, and a net, and is one-point mooring, exhibiting safe behavior while freely moving with respect to the marine environment.

An upper structure 10 which floats on the water surface and provides buoyancy; An intermediate rim 20 for securing fish habitat space; A lower weight body 30 providing a center of gravity of the whole; A skeletal connecting rope 40 connecting the upper structure 10 and the outer circumferential surface of the intermediate rim 20, the outer circumferential surface of the middle rim 20, and the lower weight body 30 to form a frame skeleton; Consists of a cage net 50 installed surrounding the cage frame formed by the skeletal connecting rope 40.

In addition, the present invention, by connecting the mooring line 61 to the connection point of the upper structure 10 and the skeletal connecting rope 40 and the connection point of the skeletal connecting rope 40 and the lower weight 30, respectively, the middle buoy 60 is installed, the intermediate buoy 60 is configured to be fixedly connected to the anchor device 70 of the seabed through the anchor mooring line 62.

The anchor device 70 is connected to the bottom of the anchor mooring line 62 connected to the intermediate buoy 60 in contact with the bottom surface by a chain 71 and a plurality of small anchor blocks in the middle of the chain 71 72 is provided, it is configured by installing a large anchor block 73 at the end of the chain (71). In addition, in the case where the bottom of the rock is a rock drill, the penetration anchor 80 is installed to fix the chain 71.

FIG. 2 is a conceptual view showing the shape of the superstructure, in which the two-layer structure is configured so that the worker can perform simple work in the second floor while keeping the area in contact with the sea surface as compared to the total surplus buoyancy.

The upper structure 10,

A first floor portion 11 coupled to a predetermined structure so as to have buoyancy using a small diameter high density polyethylene (HDPE) pipe, a plurality of piers 12 vertically installed on the first floor portion 11, Installed on the top of the pier 12, the second floor 15 and the passage is formed so that the operator can ride the work management, and the PE mesh is installed in the upper passage of the second floor 15, the worker moves It is configured to include a scaffolding portion 16 to be able to enable, and a plurality of work support 18 for preventing the fall of the operator is installed on the railing of the second floor portion (15).

That is, the upper structure 10 is made of a two-layer structure in order to contact the sea surface with minimum buoyancy while having the required buoyancy, usually only the first floor contact with the sea surface and the second floor is a simple repair work or management by the boarding personnel Configure it to work. In bad weather, both the first and second floors are submerged below sea level. The two-layer structure is manufactured by connecting small diameter HDPE pipes.

In addition, although not shown in the drawings, if the upper structure (10) configured by connecting the HDPE pipes according to the sea area characteristics is poor in movement performance, it is configured to have a large spacing HDPE pipe to have a behavior of a small spa type, In this case, a weight body such as steel is inserted at the lower end of the HDPE pipe so that the center of gravity is located at the lower end so that the movement performance is excellent.

The principle that the cage facility forms a certain shape is a force acting in the opposite direction by the buoyancy of the upper structure 10 and the weight of the lower weight body 30, the buoyancy of the upper structure 10 acts upward and the lower weight ( Since the weight of 30) acts downward, two relative forces act as the skeletal connection rope 40 to form a stable shape together with the middle rim 20. Due to the buoyancy of the upper structure 10 and the weight of the lower weight body 30, the entire structure has a pendulum-like behavior, thereby exhibiting stable behavior even when the cage facility moves due to the marine environment. .

Since the intermediate rim 20 and the cage net 50 exhibit almost neutral buoyancy in seawater, they do not act as weight as buoyancy and are governed by the upper structure 10 and the lower weight 30.

The energy from ocean waves acts largely near sea level, and the energy tends to decrease rapidly as it deepens from the sea level. Therefore, if the wave load acts on the cage facility mainly because it is concentrated on the upper cage structure 10, in order to minimize the effect of the wave to the upper structure 10 should reduce the volume exposed or exposed to sea level.

However, excessive contact or exposure volume reduction requires proper structural design because the buoyancy is less than the weight and the entire cage facility is sunk.

The total buoyancy of the superstructure 10 is designed to be less than the total drag at conditions greater than the critical tidal velocity under consideration. That is, when drag due to fluid velocity acts on the cage net 50 and the intermediate rim 20, the force acts in the flow direction, and when the total drag is greater than the buoyancy, the upper structure 10 sinks. This causes the cages to sink below a few meters above sea level if they are above the critical tidal velocity (see (b) and (c) in Figure 4), and the semi-automatic sedimentation will resurface if the tidal velocity decreases over time. Provide type cage facilities. To this end, the upper structure 10 must be made to have a vacuum buoyancy as a whole.

4 is a conceptual diagram of the sedimentation structure of the cage facility according to the present invention, the surplus buoyancy of the superstructure located on the sea surface is not excessive excess of a certain speed is a conceptual diagram that the entire cage facility is submerged below the sea surface by the drag acting on the net, etc. to be. As shown therein, (a): when the tidal velocity is smaller than the critical velocity, (b), (c): the case where the tidal velocity is larger than the critical velocity.

Intermediate rim 20 is applied to secure the volume of the cage facility, the intermediate rim 20 is configured so that HDPE pipes that are not corroded by sea water can form a circular shape. In order to increase the size of the cage facility to increase the diameter of the intermediate rim 20 to easily achieve a volume increase. At this time, the seawater is introduced into the HDPE pipe to form almost neutral buoyancy.As the circular diameter formed by the HDPE pipe increases, structural safety may be a problem, so to prevent this, at least 90 nodes are connected to the connected rope. It is designed to be safe even if tensile force is applied.

The lower weight body 30 provides the center of gravity of the entire cage facility and at the same time allows the cage net 50 to maintain a constant shape in the event of a tide or the like. The shape of the lower weight body 30 is configured in the form of a disc, the disc is composed of a plurality of stacked forms. This can serve as a compensation for the exercise when the entire cage facility to exercise up and down.

The upper structure 10 and the lower weight body 30 are connected to each other with the intermediate rim 20 via the skeletal connecting rope 40. The skeletal connecting rope 40 is structurally safe because only the tensile force is applied, and the skeletal connecting rope ( 40) applies polypropylene ropes or composite ropes that are safe against seawater corrosion.

Even when the cage facilities are subjected to a drag due to the marine environment, the loads on the cage must be uniformly connected to the mooring lines to maintain the shape of the cage. To this end, by installing the intermediate buoy 60 connected by the intermediate mooring line 61 at the intermediate point between the upper structure 10 and the lower weight body 30 is configured to maintain the shape of the cage facility even under load.

3 is a conceptual diagram of moving the cage facilities by blocking the mooring line and using a mobile vessel when contaminants spread or red tide invades around the cage facilities according to the present invention.

The cage facility is designed to move the entire facility when large damage is expected due to oil spills or red tide occurring around the installed sea area. In this case, if the anchor mooring line 62 connected to the lower part of the middle buoy 60 is removed and the towing is carried out at a constant speed by connecting the rope through the vessel 90, the entire cage facility can be moved to a safe place without damaging the internally farmed fish. It is configured to be.

In other words, if contaminants are spread around the cage facilities or if there is a possibility of being affected by red tide, the cages can be moved to a safe point from the source.

As described above, the present invention utilizes a one-point mooring system using a mooring line so that the pendulum-type large-scale cage is kept at a specific position, but the position fluctuates freely by seawater flow and is less affected by external forces. The mooring force acting on the anchor mooring line 62 by using the buoy 60 is applied to the middle height point of the culture cage so that the entire culture cage facility is not inclined even though the external force caused by the algae and the blue is applied.

The mooring line 61 and the anchor mooring line 62 is made of polypropylene or a composite rope that is not corroded by sea water, and the anchor device 70 is connected to the anchor mooring line 62 and closes to the sea bottom. It is composed of a chain 71 having a relatively low weight so that wear is minimized by friction with the sea bottom. Several small anchor blocks 72 are installed between the chains 71 so that the form cage is pushed out by the fluid force. If the part of the chain 71 and the small anchor block 72 is separated from the sea floor, and if within a certain area to configure the mooring system to minimize the force acting on the lower anchor to sink to the sea bottom.

The mooring facility that keeps the entire facility in a certain position is designed so that the anchor mooring line 62, which is a polypropylene or composite rope, is suspended on the middle section when the marine environment is normally calm. In this case, the chain 71 and the small anchor block 72 to be placed on the sea floor, and if the current flows in such a way that the entire cage facility moves in one direction, the chain 71 and the small anchor block ( Part of 72) is designed to be off the sea floor.

By constructing the anchor mooring line and the anchor device as described above, the anchor mooring line and the anchor device do not act as a weight on the entire cage facility, and the drag force acting on the entire cage facility may be reduced to the anchor point.

The anchor is designed to be designed differently according to the seabed geology, when the seabed geology is a rock, the steel pipe 80 is injected into the perforated hole by drilling the rock, and the injected steel pipe is used as an anchor. On the other hand, in the case of sand is used as an anchor using a large anchor block (73).

It is expected that the domestic aquaculture industry will be activated through the development of large-scale offshore cage facilities that can be moved and secure the marine environment as in the present invention.

1 is an overall schematic view of a pendulum-type large cage farm facility capable of moving according to the present invention.

Figure 2 is a structural diagram showing the structure of the upper structure according to the present invention.

3 is a moving schematic view of the cage facility according to the present invention

4 is a conceptual diagram of sedimentation of cage facilities according to the present invention.

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

10: superstructure 90: ship

11: 1st floor part (HDPE pipe) 12: Pier part (HDPE pipe)

15: 2nd floor part (HDPE pipe) 16: Scaffolding part (PE mesh)

18: labor support 20: middle rim

50: cage net 30: lower weight

60: middle buoy 40: skeletal connecting rope

61: mooring line 62: anchor mooring line

71: chain 72: small anchor block

73: large anchor block 80: penetration anchor

Claims (11)

In the pendulum-type large cage farming facility, which is resistant to blue and algae, An upper structure 10 mounted on the surface of the water to provide buoyancy and to allow the worker to feed and manage the water; An intermediate rim 20 for securing a fish habitat space at a lower middle depth of the upper structure 10; A lower weight body 30 which provides a center of gravity of the whole of the lower portion of the intermediate rim 20; A skeletal connecting rope (40) connecting the upper structure (10), the intermediate rim (20), the intermediate rim (20), and the lower weight body (30) and forming a frame skeleton; A cage net 50 installed on the cage skeleton formed by the skeletal connecting rope 40; Intermediate buoy 60 is installed by connecting the mooring line 61 to the connection point of the upper structure 10 and the skeletal connection rope 40 and the connection point of the skeletal connection rope 40 and the lower weight body 30, respectively. Wow; Consists of the anchor device 70 for connecting the intermediate buoy 60 through the anchor mooring line 62 and fixed to the bottom of the sea, The lower weight body 30, A pendulum-shaped cage culture facility, characterized in that the disk is composed of a plurality of layers so that the vertical movement can be compensated by the overall behavior of the cage. delete The method of claim 1, wherein the anchor device 70, The part contacting the sea bottom at the end of the mooring line 62 connected to the intermediate buoy 60 is connected by a chain 71 and a plurality of small anchor blocks 72 are installed in the middle of the chain 71, and the chain ( 71) Pendulum cage culture facility, characterized in that configured by installing a large anchor block 73 at the end. The method of claim 3, wherein the anchor device 70, When the entire cage facility moves in one direction due to an increase in the speed of the tide, a pendulum-like cage farming facility, characterized in that the part of the chain 71 and the small anchor block 72 is designed to be separated from the sea floor. . The method of claim 3, wherein the anchor device 70, If the bottom of the rock is rock pendulum pendulum-type aquaculture facility, characterized in that by fixing the chain 71 by installing a penetration anchor (80). According to claim 1, The pendulum cage culture facility, When moving the entire cage facility, it is configured to be towed by cutting the anchor mooring line 62 connected below the middle buoy 60 to the transport vessel 90 by a rope to the towing. Pendulum cage farming facility. According to claim 1, The pendulum cage culture facility, The total surplus buoyancy of the upper structure is not excessively configured so that the algae acts at a certain speed or more, or in bad weather such as storm blue, the cage net 50, the middle rim 20, the upper structure 10, and the lower weight 30 The design is designed so that the fluid force acting on) is greater than the surplus buoyancy so that the whole structure is submerged below sea level in bad weather, and the buoyancy of the facility is designed to float on the upper water surface of the upper structure 10 in general. Cage farm facilities. The method of claim 1, wherein the upper structure 10, The inside of the pipe is made in vacuum so as to have a sufficient buoyancy by connecting a small diameter polyethylene pipe (HDPE) in a round or square shape. Is made of a circular or rectangular structure, the first floor portion 11 is connected to the skeletal connecting rope 40 at the bottom, A plurality of piers 12 which are vertically installed on the first floor 11, A second floor part 15 installed at an upper portion of the pier part 12 and having a passage so that an operator can ride and manage work; A footrest part 16 for installing a PE mesh in the upper passage of the second floor part 15 to allow an operator to move on and off; Pendulum-shaped cage culture facility characterized in that it is installed on the railing of the second floor (15) comprises a plurality of labor support (18) for preventing the fall of the worker. The method of claim 1, wherein the upper structure 10, It is characterized in that it further comprises a spa structure pipe which makes the polyethylene pipe with a large diameter vertical and vertically injects steel with a high specific gravity at the bottom of the pipe so that the center of gravity is located at the bottom of the pipe so that the movement performance is excellent with respect to incident blue. Pendulum cage farming facility to do. delete delete

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