CN115041649B - Method for slightly pressing solidification tail end of oversized round billet - Google Patents
Method for slightly pressing solidification tail end of oversized round billet Download PDFInfo
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- CN115041649B CN115041649B CN202210525012.0A CN202210525012A CN115041649B CN 115041649 B CN115041649 B CN 115041649B CN 202210525012 A CN202210525012 A CN 202210525012A CN 115041649 B CN115041649 B CN 115041649B
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- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000954 Medium-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000033764 rhythmic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001668 ameliorated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002224 dissection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009851 ferrous metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
- B22D11/1206—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for plastic shaping of strands
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for slightly pressing the solidification tail end of an oversized round billet. The method is suitable for continuous casting machines with larger reduction functions. The technical proposal is as follows: the pouring method comprises the following steps that (1) pouring of the tundish is finished, the pulling speed is gradually increased, and the maximum pulling speed is increased by 10% -20% of the conventional pulling speed; (2) the lower roller of the withdrawal and straightening machine adopts a plane roller suitable for round billets; (3) Determining the position of the solidification end according to the comprehensive solidification coefficient; (4) Determining rolling reduction and soft rolling throwing time (5) according to casting blank specifications and rolling reduction efficiency, and carrying out double-roller rolling at the position with the central solid phase ratio of 0.7-1; (6) According to the roll gap display, the pressure of the reduction roll can be gradually reduced as the drawing casting is performed. The invention can effectively solve the central defect of the tail furnace casting blank, reduce scrapping and improve the yield of the casting blank.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for slightly pressing the solidification tail end of an oversized round billet. Belongs to the technical field of light pressing of ferrous metallurgy continuous casting large round billets.
Background
With the development of special steel technology, continuous casting is developed to the direction of increasing the section specification of casting blanks and improving the drawing speed. The specification of the round billet is continuously enlarged, and the previous record is continuously broken. The casting blank specification is increased, the ton steel meter weight is also increased, phi 1000 is about 6 tons/meter, and phi 1200 is about 8 tons/meter. After the pouring of the tundish is finished, the defect of the tail billet becomes serious, so that the scrapping is serious, the yield of casting blanks is greatly reduced, and the production cost is increased.
At present, the research on the pressing of the round billet is less at home and abroad, and some scholars research on the light pressing of the round billet, for example Cao Xue, the traditional light pressing of the round billet is simulated by utilizing a finite element simulation means, so that the conclusion that the round billet is not suitable for implementing the pressing process is drawn. The research simulation result is that drawing casting is successfully carried out on phi 1000 and phi 1200 at present aiming at the section with the maximum specification of phi 800. As for the production of large round billets by using a soft press process, the enterprises have not succeeded yet.
Patent CN 107008874B proposes a control method for continuous casting solidification end rolling in an unstable casting process, solves the problem of continuous casting solidification end rolling in an unstable casting process, and realizes the solidification end rolling effect in an unstable casting process, but the patent does not relate to a round billet rolling scheme.
Patent CN 114054700A proposes a method and a device for pressing round billets, alternately arranging a first tension leveler and a second tension leveler, wherein the first tension leveler comprises a pair of first pressing rollers which are oppositely arranged, the second tension leveler comprises a pair of second pressing rollers which are oppositely arranged, the directions of the first pressing rollers and the second pressing rollers are mutually perpendicular, the problems that the existing tension leveler is low in pressing efficiency and easy to generate cracks are solved, but the tension leveler is complex, belongs to a special tool, needs a large number of arrangements, is different from that of large round billets of our company, and is not applicable to the production of large round billets with phi 1000 and phi 1200 sections at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a method for slightly pressing the solidification tail end of an oversized round billet aiming at the prior art, and the central defect is improved and the yield of casting billets is improved by slightly pressing the solidification tail end in the tail billet casting drawing process, so that the production cost is greatly reduced.
The invention solves the problems by adopting the following technical scheme: a method for lightly pressing the solidification end of an oversized round billet, comprising the steps of:
(1) After pouring, the pouring basket is pulled and poured, the pulling speed is gradually increased, and the maximum pulling speed is increased by 10% -20% of the conventional pulling speed;
(2) The withdrawal and straightening machine adopts a pressing roller with proper shape;
(3) Determining the position of the solidification end according to the comprehensive solidification coefficient;
(4) Determining rolling reduction and soft rolling time according to casting blank specifications and rolling reduction efficiency;
(5) Carrying out double-roller pressing at the position with the central solid phase rate of 0.7-1;
(6) According to the roll gap display, the pressure of the reduction roll is gradually reduced as the drawing casting proceeds.
The lifting speed mentioned in the step (1) is improved on the basis of the conventional method, compared with the conventional blank after the pouring of the tundish is finished, the tail blank is lack of heat supplement, so that the solidification speed is increased, the defects are serious, and the defect rate can be reduced by improving the lifting speed. The larger the section of the casting blank, the larger the hydrostatic pressure of the molten steel, the pulling speed is increased by taking the rhythm into consideration, the pouring of the tundish is ended, the pulling speed is increased once in 2 minutes, the lifting amount is not more than 20% of the original pulling speed at each time, and otherwise the risk of steel leakage is avoided.
In the step (2), the shape of the pressing roller of the tension leveler is suitable. The convex roller is suitable for square billets and is not suitable for round billets. The concave roller is suitable for round blanks, so that the pressing efficiency is improved, but the production investment is increased, and the curvature radius of the concave surface is also required to be high. The plane roller is suitable for round billets of different specifications, and all withdrawal and straightening machines adopt plane rollers.
The comprehensive coagulation coefficient is comprehensively judged by a white light band generated by inter-flow electromagnetic stirring and end electromagnetic stirring and a nail shooting test method. The comprehensive solidification coefficient k1 can be calculated by a white light band generated by inter-flow electromagnetic stirring, the comprehensive solidification coefficient k2 of the electromagnetic stirring position of the tail end can be calculated by a nail shooting method at the solidification tail end, the comprehensive solidification coefficient k of the oversized round billet from the crystallizer to the solidification tail end can be approximately equal to k3, and the method k=k3+k2-k 1 is more accurate.
The light reduction application time mentioned in the step (4) refers to that the light reduction is not used for a whole casting time, the light reduction is determined according to the specification of a casting blank and the impact depth of molten steel of a submerged nozzle, the light reduction is determined according to the specification and the fixed length of the casting blank, the absolute standard does not exist, the empirical value is that a round casting blank with the thickness of 800mm is selected for application of the last two fixed-length blanks near the tail cutting, and round casting blanks with the thickness of 1000mm and 1200mm are generally selected for application of the last fixed-length blank near the tail cutting. Early use can lead to the excessive warning of tension leveler torque, possibly leads to pressing and stopping, carries out online pressure adjustment and presses down. The round billet is different from the square billet, the rolling efficiency is lower, the rolling reduction required by the larger section is larger, otherwise, the defect of the center cannot be improved. The excessive rolling reduction also brings adverse effects, on one hand, the ovality exceeds standard, even surface cracks are caused, on the other hand, the service life of the roller of the tension leveler is influenced, and the production cost is increased.
In the step (5), double-roll reduction is carried out within the range of the central solid phase ratio fs of 0.7-1, fs= (T) L -T CC )/(T L -T S ) Wherein T is L -medium carbon steel liquidus temperature; t (T) S -medium carbon steel solidus temperature; t (T) CC The center temperature of the casting blank cannot be measured directly, but the Tcc can be obtained by calculating the model by referring to the surface temperature, one method is that a finite element simulation model can calculate the center temperature of the round blank more accurately, the other method is an empirical value method, the temperature is accumulated after long-term casting blank temperature measurement, the surface-center temperature difference of a 1000mm round casting blank is 300 ℃, the surface-center temperature difference of a 1200mm round casting blank is 350 ℃, and the center temperature of the casting blank can be calculated by measuring the surface temperature. The single-roller pressing of the large-section round billet has higher pressing requirement on a withdrawal and straightening machine and can also have influence on service life, so that the large-section round billet is divided into double rollers to press the solidification tail end in the drawing and casting process of the large round billet.
And (6) approaching the tail end, and seriously loosening the center. The larger the cross section, the more severe the porosity, i.e. the more severe the central defect. The same pressure can lead the reduction of the casting blank to be increased until the ovality exceeds the standard and the quality is not qualified. According to empirical calculation, the pressure of the pressing roller can be reduced gradually, the pressure is reduced by 20KN per minute until the pressure is reduced to 80% of the original pressure, the pressure is kept unchanged, and the ovality can be ensured not to exceed the standard.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the invention has the advantages that the defect of the center of the tail blank of the oversized round blank can be improved by a soft pressing method, and the looseness is reduced. The tail blank is common to be a center defect which looks like a crack, and through multiple dissection, metallographic observation and electron microscope scanning, the center defect is found to be caused by loosening instead of stress cracks, and the loosening standard grade can be reduced by 0.5-1 grade through soft reduction, so that the originally scrapped tail blank can meet the requirements of customers, and therefore, about 30 tons of tail blank can be recovered, the casting blank yield is improved, and larger economic benefits are created. .
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the rolling effect of phi 1000 tail blanks in a first embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the rolling effect of phi 1200 tail blanks in the second embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
Embodiment one: selecting a low-carbon steel sectionAn example is described.
(1) After pouring, the pouring basket is pulled and poured, the pulling speed is gradually increased, and the maximum pulling speed is increased by 10% -20% of the conventional pulling speed;
(2) The withdrawal and straightening machine adopts a pressing roller with proper properties;
(3) Determining the position of the solidification end according to the comprehensive solidification coefficient;
(4) And determining the rolling reduction and the soft rolling time according to the casting blank specification and the rolling reduction efficiency.
(5) The twin roll reduction was performed at a center solids ratio of 0.7-1.
(6) According to the roll gap display, the pressure of the reduction roll can be gradually reduced as the drawing casting is performed.
The lifting speed mentioned in the step (1) is improved on the basis of the conventional method, compared with the conventional blank after the pouring of the tundish is finished, the tail blank is lack of heat supplement, so that the solidification speed is increased, the defects are serious, and the defect rate can be reduced by improving the lifting speed. The larger the section of the casting blank, the larger the hydrostatic pressure of the molten steel, the pulling speed is increased by paying attention to the rhythm, the lifting amount is not more than 20% of the original pulling speed, otherwise, the risk of steel leakage is avoided.
In the step (2), the shape of the pressing roller of the tension leveler is suitable. The convex roller is suitable for square billets and is not suitable for round billets. The concave roller is suitable for round blanks, so that the pressing efficiency is improved, but the production investment is increased, and the curvature radius of the concave surface is also required to be high. The plane roller is suitable for round billets of different specifications,all can be used.
In the step (3), the comprehensive solidification coefficients are respectively the comprehensive solidification coefficient K1 obtained by electromagnetic stirring of the white and bright bands between the flows, the comprehensive solidification coefficient K2 obtained by electromagnetic stirring of the white and bright bands at the tail end, the comprehensive solidification coefficient K3 of the withdrawal and straightening machine close to the tail end can be obtained by a nail shooting test, and the position of the solidification tail end can be pre-judged by the K1, the K2 and the K3.
The light reduction time mentioned in the step (4) refers to that the light reduction is not used for the whole casting time, and is determined according to the specification of a casting blank and the impact depth of molten steel of a submerged nozzle, and the pressure is adjusted on line to carry out the reduction. Also considering the length of the fixed size, otherwise, the front-back ovality of a casting blank is inconsistent, which can cause quality problems.
The round billet is different from the square billet, and the pressing efficiency is lower. The larger the cross section, the larger the amount of reduction required, otherwise the defects to the center cannot be ameliorated. The excessive rolling reduction also brings adverse effects, on one hand, the ovality exceeds standard, even surface cracks are caused, on the other hand, the service life of the roller of the tension leveler is influenced, and the production cost is increased. In view of this, the reduction was selected to be 20mm, and the twin roll reduction was 40mm.
In the step (5), double-roll reduction is carried out within the range of the central solid phase ratio fs of 0.7-1, fs= (T) L -T CC )/(T L -T S ) Wherein T is L -medium carbon steel liquidus temperature; t (T) S -medium carbon steel solidus temperature; t (T) CC The central temperature of the casting blank cannot be directly measured, but can be calculated by a model by referring to the surface temperature. The single-roller pressing of the large-section round billet has higher pressing requirement on a withdrawal and straightening machine and can have influence on service life, so that the large-section round billet is divided into double rollers and is used for large round billetsThe solidification end is pressed down in the casting process. The solidification speed of different steel grades is different, and the selected withdrawal and straightening machine is required to be determined according to the central solid phase rate.
And (6) approaching the tail end, and seriously loosening the center. The larger the cross section, the more severe the porosity, i.e. the more severe the central defect. The same pressure can lead the reduction of the casting blank to be increased until the ovality exceeds the standard and the quality is not qualified. According to empirical calculation, the pressure of the pressing roller can be reduced gradually, the pressure is reduced by 20KN per minute until the pressure is reduced to 80% of the original pressure, the pressure is kept unchanged, and the ovality can be ensured not to exceed the standard.
Embodiment two: selecting a low-carbon steel sectionAn example is described.
Step (c) is basically same asThe pressure applied by the pressing roller was increased by 30%, and the rest was gradually carried out according to the scheme in one step.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, it is to be clearly understood that the same may be varied in many ways by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for slightly pressing the solidification tail end of an oversized round billet is characterized by comprising the following steps: the oversized round billet is a large round billet with the diameter of phi 1000 and phi 1200 sections, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) After pouring, the pouring basket is pulled and poured, the pulling speed is gradually increased, and the maximum pulling speed is increased by 10% -20% of the conventional pulling speed;
(2) The withdrawal and straightening machine adopts a plane pressing roller;
(3) Determining the position of a solidification end according to a comprehensive solidification coefficient, wherein the comprehensive solidification coefficient is comprehensively judged by a white light band generated by inter-flow electromagnetic stirring and end electromagnetic stirring and a nail shooting test method, specifically, the comprehensive solidification coefficient k1 can be calculated by the white light band generated by inter-flow electromagnetic stirring, the comprehensive solidification coefficient k2 of the end electromagnetic stirring position is calculated by the same way, the comprehensive solidification coefficient k3 can be calculated by a nail shooting method at the solidification end, and the comprehensive solidification coefficient k of an oversized round billet from a crystallizer to the solidification end is approximately equal to k3;
(4) Determining the rolling reduction and the soft rolling time according to the casting blank specification and rolling efficiency, wherein the soft rolling time refers to the soft rolling which is not used for whole casting time, is determined according to the casting blank specification and the molten steel impact depth of a submerged nozzle, is determined according to the casting blank specification and the specified length, and is carried out by adjusting the pressure on line;
(5) Carrying out double-roller pressing at the position with the central solid phase rate of 0.7-1;
(6) According to the roll gap display, the pressure of the pressing roller is gradually reduced along with the back of the pulling casting, the pressing roller is close to the tail end, the pressing roller pressure is gradually reduced, 20KN is reduced every minute until the pressing roller is reduced to 80% of the original pressure, the pressing roller is kept unchanged, and the ovality is ensured not to exceed the standard.
2. The method for slightly pressing the solidification end of the oversized round billet according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the lifting speed mentioned in the step (1) is lifted on a conventional basis, the lifting speed is lifted once in 2 minutes after pouring of the tundish is finished, and the lifting amount is not more than 20% of the original lifting speed at most after each lifting time is 0.01 m/min.
3. The method for slightly pressing the solidification end of the oversized round billet according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the integrated solidification coefficient k=k3+k2-k 1 of the oversized round billet from the crystallizer to the solidification end.
4. The method for slightly pressing the solidification end of the oversized round billet according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (5), double-roller reduction is carried out within the range of 0.7-1 of the central solid phase rate fs, fs= (T) L -T CC ）/（T L -T S ) Wherein T is L -medium carbon steel liquidus temperature; t (T) S -mesocarbonSteel solidus temperature; t (T) CC The central temperature of the casting blank cannot be directly measured, but can be calculated by a model by referring to the surface temperature.
5. The method for slightly pressing the solidification end of the oversized round billet according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the Tcc is obtained by two methods, namely, a finite element simulation model can accurately calculate the center temperature of the round billet, and the Tcc is obtained by long-term casting blank temperature measurement accumulation, wherein the temperature difference between the surface and the center of a 1000mm round billet is 300 ℃, the temperature difference between the surface and the center of a 1200mm round billet is 350 ℃, and the center temperature of the billet is calculated by measuring the surface temperature.
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| JPH09295113A (en) * | 1996-04-30 | 1997-11-18 | Nkk Corp | Production of round cast billet by continuous casting |
| JPH10180307A (en) * | 1996-12-25 | 1998-07-07 | Nippon Steel Corp | Manufacture of billet for bar steel |
| JPH10249490A (en) * | 1997-03-11 | 1998-09-22 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Production of round cast billet by continuous casting |
| CN101147961A (en) * | 2007-10-29 | 2008-03-26 | 江阴兴澄特种钢铁有限公司 | Continuous casting technology for producing super large standard round billet on R12 to 14 meter arc continuous casting machine |
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Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109622904B (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2020-06-02 | 东北大学 | Device and method for realizing core pressing process in continuous casting round billet solidification process |
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- 2022-05-14 CN CN202210525012.0A patent/CN115041649B/en active Active
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| JPH10180307A (en) * | 1996-12-25 | 1998-07-07 | Nippon Steel Corp | Manufacture of billet for bar steel |
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Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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