CN115041571B - Cross-shaped high-speed tensile experimental device and experimental method - Google Patents
Cross-shaped high-speed tensile experimental device and experimental method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115041571B CN115041571B CN202210695102.4A CN202210695102A CN115041571B CN 115041571 B CN115041571 B CN 115041571B CN 202210695102 A CN202210695102 A CN 202210695102A CN 115041571 B CN115041571 B CN 115041571B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/10—Die sets; Pillar guides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D43/00—Feeding, positioning or storing devices combined with, or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, apparatus for working or processing sheet metal, metal tubes or metal profiles; Associations therewith of cutting devices
- B21D43/003—Positioning devices
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Abstract
The invention provides a cross high-speed tensile experimental device and an experimental method, which comprise a die holder, a blank holder, a hollow male die, a cross sheet material sample, a blank holder and a press machine, wherein a planar spiral coil and a driving plate are arranged in the die holder, the driving plate and the planar spiral coil are both filled with a groove through insulating materials, the planar spiral coil is connected with a charging and discharging circuit, the blank holder is arranged at the top of the die holder, the blank holder is of a hollow structure, a sliding groove is arranged in the blank holder, and a cross guide rail is arranged at the top of the blank holder; the hollow male die is arranged in the blank holder and at the top of the drive plate, the sliding block is arranged on the hollow male die and in the sliding groove, the punch is arranged at the top of the hollow male die, the cross-shaped plate material sample is arranged in the cross-shaped guide rail, one or two groups of blank pressing blocks are arranged in the cross-shaped guide rail and at the top of the cross-shaped plate material sample, each group of blank pressing blocks comprises two opposite blank pressing blocks, and the press machine is arranged on the blank pressing blocks and can study the deformation behavior of the cross-shaped plate material under high speed in one-way or two-way stretching.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of plastic forming of materials, and particularly relates to a cross-shaped high-speed tensile experimental device and an experimental method.
Background
The high strain rate can improve the formability of the metal plate. The method has a certain positive significance for theoretical research and industrial production by researching the deformation behaviors of different deformation paths of the metal plate under the high strain rate.
At present, in order to obtain complex plastic deformation behavior and forming performance of metal plates, a loading experiment (the loading rate is not more than 2 m/s) under quasi-static and medium-constant speed is mostly adopted, a standard of a cross biaxial tension test is provided internationally, and the experiment aim is to obtain a stress-strain curve of a material under a biaxial (namely, the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction of a stressed area are both tension conditions) experiment conditionThe experimental equipment is used as a quasi-static condition in the international standard, the working principle is that the hydraulic pressure or the motor servo is used for pulling the sample, the loading speed is difficult to reach the high strain rate, and the strain rate under the quasi-static condition is 0.001s -1 ～0.1s -1 However, the strain rate under the condition of high-speed deformation can reach 1 × 10 3 s -1 ～1×10 4 s -1 The experiment of international standard under high strain rate has a certain blank, and in the fields of automobile collision, bullet impact, explosion and the like, the strain rate of the material at the contact moment can reach 1 multiplied by 10 4 s -1 Moreover, the deformation behavior of the material under the high-speed deformation condition changes, and the research under the quasi-static condition is not sufficient to support the research.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a cross-shaped high-speed tensile experimental device and an experimental method, which can research the deformation behavior of the material under the high-speed unidirectional or bidirectional stretching.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a cross-shaped high-speed tensile experimental device comprises a die holder, a blank holder, a hollow male die, a cross-shaped plate sample, a blank holder block and a press machine;
the die holder is internally provided with a groove, a planar spiral coil is arranged in the groove, a driving plate is arranged at the top of the planar spiral coil, the driving plate and the planar spiral coil are filled in the groove through insulating materials, the planar spiral coil is connected with a charge-discharge circuit, a capacitor is arranged on the charge-discharge circuit, and the capacitor can discharge to the planar spiral coil;
the blank holder is arranged at the top of the die holder and is of a hollow structure, a sliding groove in the vertical direction is formed in the blank holder, and a cross-shaped guide rail is arranged at the top of the blank holder;
the hollow male die is arranged in the blank holder and at the top of the driving plate, a sliding block is arranged on the hollow male die, the sliding block is arranged in the sliding groove, the height of the sliding block is smaller than that of the sliding groove, so that the sliding block can move up and down in the sliding groove, the hollow male die further moves up and down in the blank holder, and a punch is arranged at the top of the hollow male die;
the cross-shaped plate material sample is arranged in the cross-shaped guide rail and comprises four straight arms extending outwards, and the four straight arms can be impacted when the punch moves upwards;
one or two groups of the edge pressing blocks are arranged in the cross-shaped guide rail and are arranged at the top of the cross-shaped sheet material sample, each group of the edge pressing blocks comprises two opposite edge pressing blocks, the edge pressing blocks can move in the cross-shaped guide rail, and then the distance between the two edge pressing blocks between each group of the edge pressing blocks is adjusted, so that different deformation paths of the cross-shaped sheet material sample are obtained;
the press machine is arranged on the edge pressing block and provides downward pressure for the edge pressing block.
Furthermore, the charge and discharge circuit comprises a main circuit, a first branch and a second branch, wherein the main circuit is provided with a power supply, a resistor and a first control switch, a capacitor is arranged on the first branch, and the second branch is provided with the planar annular spiral coil and a second control switch.
Further, the cross-shaped plate sample includes, but is not limited to, a conductive material and a non-conductive material.
Further, the punch is rectangular, and each side of the punch is opposite to one straight arm.
Further, the top of the punch is arc-shaped.
Furthermore, a through hole is formed in the blank holder, the sliding groove is formed in the bottom of the through hole, and the hollow male die is arranged in the through hole.
Further, the through-hole is cylindrical, the spout is cylindrical, the hollow male die further comprises a connecting portion, the connecting portion is cylindrical, a punch is arranged at the top of the connecting portion, a sliding block is arranged at the bottom of the connecting portion, the outer diameter of the connecting portion is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the through-hole, the sliding block is cylindrical, and the outer diameter of the sliding block is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the spout.
Further, the planar spiral coil is arranged in a ring shape, and the driving plate is of a disc-shaped structure or a circular ring-shaped structure.
Further, the blank holder with still be equipped with the gasket between the cross sheet material sample, the gasket is established just for rectangular plate structure in the cross guide rail, adjust the thickness of gasket can make the cavity terrace die is assaulting obtain different initial velocity when the cross sheet material sample.
A cross-shaped high-speed tensile experiment method comprises the following steps:
s1, cutting a prepared plate into a cross-shaped plate sample, and placing the cross-shaped plate sample in a cross-shaped guide rail of a blank holder;
s2, placing one or two groups of edge pressing blocks on the top of the cross-shaped plate material test sample, moving one or two groups of edge pressing blocks in a cross-shaped guide rail, adjusting the distance between the two edge pressing blocks in each group of edge pressing blocks, and moving one or two groups of edge pressing blocks to the position required by the experiment;
s3, compacting the cross-shaped plate sample by using a blank holder block, and applying a certain pressure by using a press machine;
and S4, charging the capacitor, discharging to the planar spiral coil by the capacitor, driving the driving plate by electromagnetic force so that the hollow male die impacts the cross-shaped plate sample, and collecting corresponding deformation conditions after the cross-shaped plate sample deforms.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. according to the cross-shaped high-speed tensile experimental device and the experimental method, the capacitor is charged through the charge-discharge circuit, the planar spiral coil is discharged through the capacitor, the hollow male die is driven by the driving plate to ascend at a high speed, the sliding block can move upwards in the sliding groove at a high speed, the punch impacts the cross-shaped plate sample, the cross-shaped plate sample is deformed at a high speed, and the strain rate of the cross-shaped plate sample reaches 1 x 10 3 s-1～1×10 4 s-1, adopting electromagnetic force to drive improved hollow male die, impacting four straight arms of cross-shaped plate sample, and implementing cross-shaped plate sampleUnidirectional or bidirectional high speed tensile deformation of the core region.
2. According to the cross-shaped high-speed tensile experimental device and the experimental method, the hollow male die is arranged in the blank holder and at the top of the drive plate, and the cross-shaped sheet material sample is arranged in the cross-shaped guide rail at the top of the blank holder, so that the blank holder limits the hollow male die and positions the cross-shaped sheet material sample, the hollow male die can accurately impact the center of the cross-shaped sheet material sample, and the center of the cross-shaped sheet material sample can only have tension in the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction through the hollow male die. The cruciform double pull test requires that the central deformation zone has only two-way tension.
3. According to the cross-shaped high-speed tensile experimental device and the experimental method, the edge pressing block is arranged at the top of the cross-shaped plate material sample in the cross-shaped guide rail above the edge pressing ring, the aim of controlling the cross-shaped plate material sample to have different strains on four force arms can be achieved by sliding the edge pressing block at different positions in the cross-shaped guide rail, a press machine is used for pressing the edge pressing block to provide a certain downward pressure for the edge pressing block, and the cross-shaped plate material sample is ensured not to flow towards the center due to impact of a male die in the experimental process.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic half-sectional view of a working part of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a quarter-axis view of the hollow male die of the invention.
Figure 4 is an isometric view of a binder and a binder block of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the planar spiral coil of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the driving plate of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a binder ring according to the present invention.
Figure 8 is a force diagram of a straight arm high speed stretching of a cross-shaped sheet sample of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a cross-shaped plate sample according to the present invention.
Wherein: 1. pressing an edge block; 2. a cross-shaped plate sample; 21. a straight arm; 3. a gasket; 4. a hollow male die; 41. a slider; 42. a connecting portion; 43. a punch; 5. a blank holder; 51. a cross-shaped guide rail; 52. a through hole; 53. a chute; 6. a drive plate; 7. a planar spiral coil; 8. an insulating material; 9. a second control switch; 10. a first control switch; 11. a power source; 12. a capacitor; 13. a resistance; 14. a die holder; 141. and (4) a groove.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
A cross high-speed tensile experimental device is shown in figures 1-9 and comprises a die holder 14, a blank holder 5, a hollow male die 4, a cross sheet material sample 2, a blank holder block 1 and a press machine.
Be equipped with recess 141 in the die holder 14, be equipped with plane spiral coil in the recess 141, plane spiral coil 7 top is equipped with drive plate 6, drive plate 6 adopts conducting material to make, drive plate 6 and plane spiral coil 7 all pass through insulating material 8 with recess 141 and fill, and plane spiral coil 7 links to each other with charge-discharge circuit, is equipped with electric capacity 12 on the charge-discharge circuit, and electric capacity 12 can discharge to plane spiral coil 7, can prevent the coil interact in the plane spiral coil 7 through setting up insulating material 8.
The blank holder 5 is arranged at the top of the die holder 14, the blank holder 5 is of a hollow structure, a sliding groove 53 in the vertical direction is arranged in the blank holder 5, and a cross-shaped guide rail 51 is arranged at the top of the blank holder 5.
The hollow male die 4 is arranged in the blank holder 5 and at the top of the driving plate 6, a sliding block 41 is arranged on the hollow male die 4, the sliding block 41 is arranged in the sliding groove 53, the height of the sliding block 41 is smaller than that of the sliding groove 53, so that the sliding block 41 can move up and down in the sliding groove 53, the hollow male die 4 further moves up and down in the blank holder 5, and a punch 43 is arranged at the top of the hollow male die 4.
The cross-shaped plate sample 2 is arranged in the cross-shaped guide rail 51, the cross-shaped plate sample 2 comprises four straight arms 21, the four straight arms 21 extend outwards, and the punch 43 can impact the four straight arms 21 when moving upwards, so that the central area of the cross-shaped plate sample 2 deforms at a high speed.
A set of or two sets of blank pressing piece 1 sets up in cross guide rail 51 and establish at 2 tops of cross sheet material sample, and every blank pressing piece 1 of group includes two relative blank pressing pieces 1, and blank pressing piece 1 can remove in cross guide rail 51, and then adjusts the interval of two blank pressing pieces 1 between every blank pressing piece 1 of group to obtain the deformation route that cross sheet material sample 2 is different.
The press machine is arranged on the edge pressing block 1 and provides downward pressure for the edge pressing block 1, and the cross-shaped plate material sample 2 is guaranteed not to flow to the center due to impact of the hollow male die 4 in the experiment process.
The capacitor 12 is charged through the charging and discharging circuit, the planar spiral coil 7 is discharged through the capacitor 12, the hollow male die 4 is driven by the driving plate 6 to ascend at a high speed, the sliding block 41 can move upwards in the sliding groove 53 at a high speed, and the punch 43 impacts the cross-shaped plate sample 2, so that the cross-shaped plate sample 2 deforms at a high speed.
According to the invention, the hollow male die 4 is arranged in the blank holder 5 and at the top of the drive plate 6, and the cross-shaped sheet material sample 2 is arranged in the cross-shaped guide rail 51 at the top of the blank holder 5, so that the blank holder 5 is used for limiting the hollow male die 4 and positioning the cross-shaped sheet material sample 2, and the hollow male die 4 can accurately impact four straight arms 21 of the cross-shaped sheet material sample 2 to perform tensile deformation on the central area of the cross-shaped sheet material sample 2.
The edge pressing block 1 is arranged in the cross-shaped guide rail 51 above the edge pressing ring 5 and is arranged at the top of the cross-shaped plate sample 2, the purpose of controlling the deformation path of the central area of the cross-shaped plate sample 2 can be achieved through different positions of the sliding edge pressing block 1 in the cross-shaped guide rail 51, a press is used for pressing above the edge pressing block 1, certain downward pressure is provided for the edge pressing block 1, and the cross-shaped plate sample 2 is guaranteed not to flow towards the center due to impact of a male die in the experiment process.
In the experimental process, the capacitor 12 is charged through the charging and discharging circuit, the planar spiral coil 7 is discharged through the capacitor 12, an induced current opposite to the current on the planar spiral coil 7 is formed on the driving plate 6, so that the driving plate 6 drives the hollow male die 4 to ascend, the sliding block 41 on the hollow male die 4 moves up and down in the sliding groove 53, the hollow male die 4 moves up and down in the blank holder 5, the rectangular punch 43 impacts the cross-shaped sheet material sample 2, the cross-shaped sheet material sample 2 is deformed, and the strain rate of the cross-shaped sheet material sample 2 reaches 1 × 10 3 s-1～1×10 4 s-1。
In addition, in order to carry out a biaxial tension test on the cross-shaped sheet material sample 2, the hollow male die 4 is arranged, and the hollow male die 4 can enable the center of the cross-shaped sheet material sample 2 to only have tension in the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction. The cross-shaped double-pull test requires that the central deformation area only has two-way pulling force, and if the hollow male die 4 is not arranged, the contact does not meet the test requirement.
The improved hollow male die 4 is driven by electromagnetic force to impact the four straight arms 21 of the cross-shaped sheet material sample 2, so that the bidirectional high-speed stretching deformation of the central area of the cross-shaped sheet material sample 2 is realized.
The method adopts the edge pressing blocks 1 to fix the cross-shaped sheet material sample 2, and can adjust the distance between two edge pressing blocks 1 in each group of edge pressing blocks 1 to obtain different deformation paths under the condition of not changing the design of the cross-shaped sheet material sample 2.
After the first impact loading is carried out, the nonlinear loading can be realized by adjusting the distance between the two edge pressing blocks 1 in each group of edge pressing blocks 1 and then carrying out the second loading.
In the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the charging and discharging circuit includes a main circuit, a first branch and a second branch, the main circuit is provided with a power supply 11, a resistor 13 and a first control switch 10, a capacitor 12 is provided on the first branch, and the second branch is provided with a planar annular spiral coil and a second control switch 9.
In the experimental process, the first control switch 10 is closed, the second control switch 9 is opened, and the capacitor 12 is charged; the first control switch 10 is opened and the second control switch 9 is opened and the capacitor 12 discharges to the planar spiral coil 7.
In the present invention, the cross-shaped plate sample 2 includes, but is not limited to, conductive materials and non-conductive materials, such as aluminum alloy, stainless steel, carbon fiber resin composite materials, polymer materials, and the like.
In the invention, as shown in fig. 1-3, the punch 43 is rectangular, each side of the punch 43 is opposite to one straight arm 21, and in the experiment process, the top of the hollow male die 4 can be in direct contact with the cross-shaped sheet material sample 2, so that the center of the cross-shaped sheet material sample 2 can generate unidirectional or bidirectional stretching force, the sides of the rectangle are just matched with the cross-shaped sheet material sample 2, and the uniform tension generated on the straight arms 21 changes the shape, so that the force transmitted on the straight arms 21 is not uniformly distributed, and the experiment effect is influenced.
In the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the top of the rectangular punch 43 is circular arc-shaped. When a rigid hollow male die 4 is used for impacting a sample cross-shaped sheet material sample 2, firstly, the top of the hollow male die 4 is in contact with the sample, if the top of a rectangular punch 43 is rectangular or non-circular, large stress concentration can be generated at the part of the sample in contact with the male die, and the strength limit of the sample material is reached or even exceeded in a short time, so that the sample is broken, in the process, real tensile stress cannot be transmitted through a cross-shaped sample straight arm 21, the straight arm 21 is damaged in the initial stage of transmission, and the experimental requirements and the experimental purposes cannot be met.
In the invention, as shown in fig. 3 and 7, a through hole 52 is arranged in the blank holder 5, a chute 53 is arranged at the bottom of the through hole 52, the hollow male die 4 is arranged in the through hole 52, and the moving direction of the hollow male die 4 is limited by the through hole 52.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, 3 and 7, since the present invention performs high-speed stretching on the cross-shaped sheet sample 2, the loading rate can reach 10 orders of magnitude 1 m/s～10 2 m/s, so that the strain rate of the cross-shaped plate sample 2 can reach 1 multiplied by 10 3 s-1～1×10 4 s-1, so as to reduce friction, so that the hollow male die 4 rapidly rises, the through hole 52 is cylindrical, the chute 53 is cylindrical, the hollow male die 4 further comprises a connecting part 42, the connecting part 42 is cylindrical, the top of the connecting part 42 is provided with the punch 43, the bottom of the connecting part 42 is provided with the slider 41, the outer diameter of the connecting part 42 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the through hole 52, the slider 41 is cylindrical, the outer diameter of the slider 41 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the chute 53, the connecting part 42 is cylindrical, the through hole 52 is cylindrical, which is beneficial to the up-and-down movement of the hollow male die 4, the slider 41 is cylindrical, the chute 53 is cylindrical, which is beneficial to the up-and-down movement of the slider 41, and the experiment can not be normally completed because the slider 41 is cylindrical and is easy to be clamped by other shapes.
In an embodiment of the invention, the outer diameter of the connecting part 42 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the through hole 52, and the outer diameter of the sliding block 41 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the sliding groove 53, so that the hollow male die 4 can stably rise through the driving plate 6 and can play a role in limiting, in the forming process, the stroke of the rigid hollow male die 4 is limited, and the hollow male die 4 is prevented from being damaged by the sheet material due to the over-stroke of the hollow male die 4.
In addition, as shown in fig. 3, 5 and 6, the planar spiral coil 7 is arranged in a ring shape, the driving plate 6 is in a disc-shaped structure, the hollow male die 4 sliding block 41 and the connecting part 42 are arranged in a cylindrical shape, and in order to match the hollow male die 4 cylindrical sliding block 41 and the connecting part 42 and better transmit the driving force, the annular planar spiral coil 7 is adopted, in the electromagnetic forming, the planar spiral coil 7 is used for generating the lorentz force to drive the cross-shaped plate material sample 2, in the invention, the planar spiral coil 7 is used for driving the driving plate 6, and the driving plate 6 pushes the rigid hollow male die 4 to form the cross-shaped plate material sample 2, and because the hollow male die 4 sliding block 41 and the connecting part 42 are designed in a cylindrical shape, the driving plate 6 is designed in a disc-shaped structure or an annular structure, and more uniform driving force can be obtained. If the square ring is adopted, the generated driving force is uneven, so that the forming of the cross-shaped plate sample 2 is uneven in the forming process, and the experimental effect is influenced.
In the invention, in order to adjust the loading rate, as shown in fig. 1-2, the cross-shaped plate sample 2 obtains different strain rates, a gasket 3 is arranged between the blank holder 5 and the cross-shaped plate sample 2, the gasket 3 is arranged in a cross-shaped guide rail 51 and has a rectangular plate-shaped structure, and the thickness of the gasket 3 is adjusted to enable the hollow male die 4 to obtain different initial speeds when impacting the cross-shaped plate sample 2.
In addition, after the gasket 3 is added, the cross-shaped sheet material sample 2 and the hollow male die 4 have a certain distance, a certain acceleration space is provided for the rigid hollow male die 4, the rigid hollow male die 4 has a certain initial speed to be in contact with the cross-shaped sheet material sample 2, and the purpose of loading at a certain speed is achieved. If the cross-shaped plate sample 2 is contacted with the hollow male die 4, the cross-shaped plate sample 2 and the hollow male die 4 start to be loaded together from the speed 0, generally, the deformation is performed at a low speed and then at a high speed, and the deformation behavior under the condition is inaccurate.
In the invention, the insulating material 8 is epoxy resin filler, and the driving plate 6 is required to be a material with good conductivity, generally copper is selected;
the hollow male die 4 has no conductive requirement, but rigid materials, generally steel, are selected; as shown in fig. 9, the cross slab sample 2 is of the slot on arm type.
A cross-shaped high-speed tensile test method, as shown in fig. 1-9, comprising the following steps:
step S1, cutting a prepared plate into a cross-shaped plate sample 2, and placing the cross-shaped plate sample 2 in a cross-shaped guide rail 51 of a blank holder 5;
s2, placing one or two groups of edge pressing blocks 1 on the top of a cross-shaped plate sample 2, moving one or two groups of edge pressing blocks 1 in a cross-shaped guide rail 51, adjusting the distance between the two edge pressing blocks 1 in each group of edge pressing blocks 1, and moving one or two groups of edge pressing blocks 1 to the position required by the experiment;
s3, compacting the cross-shaped plate sample 2 by using the edge pressing block 1, and applying a certain pressure by using a press machine;
and S4, charging the capacitor 12, discharging to the planar spiral coil 7 through the capacitor 12, driving the driving plate 6 by electromagnetic force so that the hollow male die 4 impacts the cross-shaped plate sample 2, and collecting corresponding deformation conditions after the cross-shaped plate sample 2 deforms.
In the invention, in the step S1, four gaskets 3 are also arranged in the cross-shaped guide rail 51, the four gaskets 3 are arranged between the cross-shaped plate material sample 2 and the blank holder 5, the four gaskets 3 are respectively arranged at the bottoms of the four straight arms 21 of the cross-shaped plate material sample 2, and the gaskets 3 with proper thickness are selected, so that the hollow male die 4 can obtain different initial speeds when impacting the cross-shaped plate material sample 2.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a tensile experimental apparatus of cross high speed which characterized in that: the device comprises a die holder, a blank holder, a hollow male die, a cross-shaped plate sample, a blank holder block and a press machine;
a groove is formed in the die holder, a planar spiral coil is arranged in the groove, a driving plate is arranged at the top of the planar spiral coil, the driving plate and the planar spiral coil are both filled with the groove through insulating materials, the planar spiral coil is connected with a charge-discharge circuit, a capacitor is arranged on the charge-discharge circuit, and the capacitor can discharge electricity to the planar spiral coil;
the blank holder is arranged at the top of the die holder and is of a hollow structure, a chute in the vertical direction is arranged in the blank holder, and a cross-shaped guide rail is arranged at the top of the blank holder;
the hollow male die is arranged in the blank holder and at the top of the driving plate, a sliding block is arranged on the hollow male die, the sliding block is arranged in the sliding groove, the height of the sliding block is smaller than that of the sliding groove, so that the sliding block can move up and down in the sliding groove, the hollow male die further moves up and down in the blank holder, and a punch is arranged at the top of the hollow male die;
the cross-shaped plate material sample is arranged in the cross-shaped guide rail and comprises four straight arms extending outwards, and the four straight arms can be impacted when the punch moves upwards;
one or two groups of the edge pressing blocks are arranged in the cross-shaped guide rail and are arranged at the top of the cross-shaped sheet material sample, each group of the edge pressing blocks comprises two opposite edge pressing blocks, the edge pressing blocks can move in the cross-shaped guide rail, and then the distance between the two edge pressing blocks between each group of the edge pressing blocks is adjusted, so that different deformation paths of the cross-shaped sheet material sample are obtained;
the press machine is arranged on the edge pressing block and provides downward pressure for the edge pressing block.
2. The cross-shaped high-speed tensile experimental device according to claim 1, wherein: the charging and discharging circuit comprises a main circuit, a first branch and a second branch, a power supply, a resistor and a first control switch are arranged on the main circuit, a capacitor is arranged on the first branch, and the planar annular spiral coil and a second control switch are arranged on the second branch.
3. The cross-shaped high-speed tensile experimental device according to claim 1, wherein: the cross-shaped slab sample includes, but is not limited to, conductive materials and non-conductive materials.
4. The cross-shaped high-speed tensile experimental device according to claim 1, wherein: the punch is rectangular, and each side of the punch is opposite to one straight arm.
5. The cross-shaped high-speed tensile experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the top of the punch is arc-shaped.
6. The cross-shaped high-speed tensile experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the blank holder is internally provided with a through hole, the chute is arranged at the bottom of the through hole, and the hollow male die is arranged in the through hole.
7. The cross-shaped high-speed tensile experimental device according to claim 6, wherein: the through hole is cylindrical, the spout is cylindrical, the hollow male die further comprises a connecting portion, the connecting portion is cylindrical, a punch is arranged at the top of the connecting portion, a sliding block is arranged at the bottom of the connecting portion, the outer diameter of the connecting portion is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the through hole, the sliding block is cylindrical, and the outer diameter of the sliding block is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the spout.
8. The cross-shaped high-speed tensile experimental device according to claim 7, wherein: the planar spiral coil is arranged in a ring shape, and the driving plate is of a disc-shaped structure or a circular structure.
9. The cross-shaped high-speed tensile experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the blank holder with still be equipped with the gasket between the cross sheet material sample, the gasket is established just for rectangular plate structure in the cross guide rail, adjust the thickness of gasket can make the cavity terrace die obtains different initial velocity when assaulting the cross sheet material sample.
10. A cross-shaped high-speed tensile test method using the cross-shaped high-speed tensile test apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
s1, cutting a prepared plate into a cross-shaped plate sample, and placing the cross-shaped plate sample in a cross-shaped guide rail of a blank holder;
s2, placing one or two groups of edge pressing blocks on the top of the cross-shaped plate material sample, moving one or two groups of edge pressing blocks in the cross-shaped guide rail, adjusting the distance between the two edge pressing blocks between each group of edge pressing blocks, and moving one or two groups of edge pressing blocks to the position required by the experiment;
s3, pressing the cross-shaped plate sample by using a blank holder block, and applying a certain pressure by using a press machine;
and S4, charging the capacitor, discharging to the planar spiral coil through the capacitor, driving the driving plate by electromagnetic force so that the hollow male die impacts the cross-shaped plate sample, and collecting corresponding deformation conditions after the cross-shaped plate sample is deformed.
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