CN115036527A - Heating and cooling system of fuel cell and control method - Google Patents
Heating and cooling system of fuel cell and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115036527A CN115036527A CN202210660848.1A CN202210660848A CN115036527A CN 115036527 A CN115036527 A CN 115036527A CN 202210660848 A CN202210660848 A CN 202210660848A CN 115036527 A CN115036527 A CN 115036527A
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 68
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 8
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010485 coping Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04067—Heat exchange or temperature measuring elements, thermal insulation, e.g. heat pipes, heat pumps, fins
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04268—Heating of fuel cells during the start-up of the fuel cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/043—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods
- H01M8/04302—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods applied during start-up
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04701—Temperature
- H01M8/04723—Temperature of the coolant
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a heating and cooling system of a fuel cell and a control method, wherein the system comprises a circulating pump, an air-cooled radiator, a deionizer and a heating and cooling device, wherein the liquid inlet end of the circulating pump is connected to a cooling liquid inlet through a pipeline, the liquid outlet end of the circulating pump is sequentially connected with a three-way valve, the radiator, a first one-way valve and the deionizer through a pipeline, and the liquid outlet end of the deionizer is connected to a cooling liquid outlet; the liquid inlet end of the heating and cooling device is connected with the three-way valve, and the liquid outlet end of the heating and cooling device is connected to a pipeline between the deionizer and the first one-way valve after passing through the one-way valve. The invention can simultaneously realize the heating and cooling of the cooling liquid of the fuel cell, and when the fuel cell is in cold start, the cooling liquid is heated, thereby realizing the quick start of the fuel cell; when the fuel cell runs at a high load, the air cooling radiator is assisted to cool the cooling liquid, and the internal temperature of the fuel cell is ensured to be within a set interval.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and particularly relates to a heating and cooling system of a fuel cell and a control method.
Background
A hydrogen fuel cell is a device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy by using hydrogen as a fuel and air as an oxidant. The product is only water and is not limited by Carnot cycle, and the method has the advantages of environmental protection and high efficiency, and is initially commercially demonstrated and applied in the traffic field at present.
When the fuel cell is started under the condition of temperature lower than zero degree, water generated in the initial reaction stage is easy to freeze, so that the performance of the fuel cell is reduced, and a fuel cell system cannot be started or the starting time is too long. The existing coping strategy mainly heats the cooling liquid by means of external preheating, such as a PTC electric heater arranged outside the fuel cell. Meanwhile, due to the existence of electrochemical polarization, a large amount of heat can be generated in the reaction process, if effective heat dissipation is not carried out in time, membrane electrode dehydration and even cracking can be caused due to overhigh temperature, and aiming at the problem, a high-power air cooling radiator is usually equipped to dissipate heat of the cooling liquid of the fuel cell, but a high-power fan can generate larger noise in the working process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a heating and cooling system and a control method of a fuel cell, which can simultaneously heat and cool a fuel cell cooling liquid, aiming at the technical problems that the existing fuel cell is difficult to start under the condition of subzero temperature and an air cooling radiator has high noise.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a heating and cooling system of a fuel cell comprises a circulating pump, an air-cooled radiator, a deionizer and a heating and cooling device, wherein the liquid inlet end of the circulating pump is connected to a cooling liquid inlet through a pipeline, the liquid outlet end of the circulating pump is sequentially connected with a three-way valve, the radiator, a first one-way valve and the deionizer through a pipeline, and the liquid outlet end of the deionizer is connected to a cooling liquid outlet; the liquid inlet end of the heating and cooling device is connected with the three-way valve, and the liquid outlet end of the heating and cooling device is connected to a pipeline between the deionizer and the first one-way valve after passing through the one-way valve.
Preferably, the heating and cooling device is a semiconductor heating and cooling device.
Preferably, the semiconductor heating cooler comprises a box body, a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet are formed in the box body, semiconductor fins and radiating fins are mounted on the side wall of the box body, and radiating fans are mounted at two ends of the box body.
Preferably, heat-conducting silica gel is arranged between the semiconductor wafer and the side wall of the box body and between the semiconductor wafer and the radiating fin.
Preferably, the longitudinal direction of the heat dissipation fin is the same as the flow direction of the cooling liquid in the semiconductor heating and cooling device.
Preferably, the two heat dissipation fans have the same wind direction and the same longitudinal direction as the heat dissipation fins.
Preferably, the liquid inlet is arranged at the lower part of the box body, and the liquid outlet is arranged at the upper part of the box body.
The invention also provides a control method of the heating and cooling system of the fuel cell, which comprises the following steps:
s1, inputting a fuel cell starting signal;
s2, setting FC cold start temperature T 1 FC Normal operating temperature T 2 FC high temperature operating temperature T 3 ；
Setting FC intermediate power P 1 Dividing a low working power interval and a high working power interval of the fuel cell by taking the power value as a boundary;
s3, measuring the temperature T of the cooling liquid at the outlet of the fuel cell, and measuring FC output net power P;
s4, comparing T and T 1 If T is smaller than T 1 The heating and cooling system operates the semiconductor heating mode, that is, the direction of the three-way valve is adjusted, so that the cooling liquid only flows through the semiconductor heating cooler and is heated by the semiconductor wafer, thereby realizing the quick start of the fuel cell, otherwise, the operation is switched to S5;
s5, comparing T and T 2 If T is smaller than T 2 In order to ensure the rapid rise of the working temperature of the fuel cell, the heating and cooling system does not work at the moment; otherwise, go to S6;
s6, comparing T and T 3 If T is greater than T 3 Or T is less than T 3 But FC net power output P is greater than P 1 The heating and cooling system is switched to a cooperative cooling mode, namely the steering of a three-way valve is adjusted, cooling liquid flows through an air cooling radiator and a semiconductor heating cooler simultaneously, and the surface of a semiconductor wafer attached to the outer surface of the rectangular box body is a cold end by changing the current direction;
if T is less than T 3 And FC net power output P is less than P 1 The heating and cooling system is converted into an air-cooling independent cooling mode, namely the steering of the three-way valve is adjusted, so that the cooling liquid only flows through the air-cooling radiator, and the semiconductor heating cooler does not work.
Preferably, the cold start temperature T 1 <0℃，T 2 And T 3 Are all within the optimal working temperature range of the fuel cell and T 3 >T 2 。
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
1. the heating and cooling system of the fuel cell utilizes the characteristics that the heating efficiency of a semiconductor wafer is more than 100 percent and the cold and hot ends are interchangeable to design a device which can simultaneously heat and cool the cooling liquid of the fuel cell. When the fuel cell is in cold start, the cooling liquid is heated, so that the rapid start of the fuel cell is realized; when the fuel cell runs at a high load, the air cooling radiator is assisted to cool the cooling liquid, and the internal temperature of the fuel cell is ensured to be within a set interval.
2. The cooling mode of the air cooling and the semiconductor cooling can reduce the design power of the air cooling radiator, thereby reducing the noise of the system when the fuel cell runs under high load. Because the semiconductor wafer has low refrigeration efficiency, when the heat load is low, the fuel cell cooling liquid is cooled only by the air-cooled cooling pipe, and the semiconductor wafer is not started, so that the energy consumption of a cooling system can be reduced.
3. The method controls the heating and cooling system to automatically switch the working mode, heats the cooling liquid when the fuel cell is in cold start, and realizes the quick start of the fuel cell; when the fuel cell runs at a high load, the heating and cooling device assists the air-cooled radiator to cool the cooling liquid, and the internal temperature of the fuel cell is ensured to be within a set interval. By additionally judging the net power output by the fuel cell, the feed-forward control of the working temperature of the fuel cell can be realized, and the fuel cell is prevented from being damaged at high temperature when not cooled in time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the heating and cooling system of the fuel cell of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a front view of a heating and cooling device of the heating and cooling system of the fuel cell of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a sectional view of a heating and cooling device of the heating and cooling system of the fuel cell of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an application of the heating and cooling system of the fuel cell of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a control logic diagram of a control method of the heating and cooling system of the fuel cell of the present invention;
in the above figures: A. a coolant inlet; B. a coolant outlet; 10. a coolant inlet pipe; 11. a circulation pump; 12. a three-way valve; 121. a first interface; 122. a second interface; 123. a third interface; 13. a semiconductor heating and cooling pipe; 14. a semiconductor heating cooler; 140. a box body; 141. a semiconductor wafer; 142. a heat dissipating fin; 143. heat conducting silica gel; 144. a heat radiation fan; 145. a liquid inlet; 146. a liquid outlet; 15. a second one-way valve; 16. an air-cooled cooling tube; 17. an air-cooled radiator; 18. a first check valve; 19. a deionizer; 20. a coolant outlet pipe.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present invention, reference is made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1 to 4, a heating and cooling system for a fuel cell includes a circulation pump 11, an air-cooled radiator 17, a deionizer 19, and a semiconductor heating cooler 14, wherein the liquid inlet end of the circulation pump 11 is connected to a coolant inlet a through a coolant inlet pipe 10, and the coolant inlet a is connected to a coolant outlet of the fuel cell. The liquid outlet end of the circulating pump 11 is sequentially connected with a first interface 121 and a second interface 122 of the three-way valve 12 through a cooling liquid inlet pipe 10, the second interface 122 of the three-way valve 12 is connected to an air-cooled radiator 17 through an air-cooled cooling pipe 16, and the air-cooled radiator 17 is connected with a first one-way valve 18 and a deionizer 19. The liquid outlet end of the deionizer 19 is connected to a cooling liquid outlet B through a cooling liquid outlet pipe 20, and the cooling liquid outlet B is connected to a cooling liquid inlet of the fuel cell. The liquid inlet end of the semiconductor heating cooler 14 is connected with the third interface 123 of the three-way valve 12 through a semiconductor heating and cooling pipe 13, and the liquid outlet end of the heating and cooling device is connected to a pipeline between the deionizing device 19 and the first one-way valve 18 through the second one-way valve 15.
The semiconductor heating cooler 14 comprises a box 140 with a rectangular parallelepiped structure, the box 140 is provided with a liquid inlet 145 and a liquid outlet 146, semiconductor fins 141 are mounted on the outer sides of four side walls of the box 140, heat dissipation fins 142 are attached to the outer sides of the semiconductor fins 141, and the semiconductor fins 141 are connected with an auxiliary power supply of the fuel cell through a circuit. The heating efficiency of the semiconductor fin 141 is more than 100%, the cold end and the hot end can be interchanged, and the semiconductor heating cooler 14 can simultaneously realize the heating and the cooling of the cooling liquid of the fuel cell.
To increase the heat dissipation effect, heat dissipation fans 144 are installed on the top and bottom surfaces of the box 140, and the fans help the semiconductor heating and cooling device 14 to dissipate heat quickly. And the wind directions of the two fans are the same and are parallel to the length direction of the fins, so that the fins are radiated in a blowing and sucking mode. Meanwhile, the heat-conducting silica gel 143 is disposed between the semiconductor fin 141 and the sidewall of the box 140 and between the semiconductor fin 141 and the heat-dissipating fin 142, so that the heat or the cold generated by the semiconductor fin 141 is well conducted out through the heat-dissipating fin 142, and the heating or cooling effect of the semiconductor fin 141 is ensured.
Further, the length direction of the heat dissipation fins 142 is the same as the flow direction of the cooling liquid in the semiconductor heating and cooling device 14, the liquid inlet 145 is disposed at the lower portion of the box body 140, the liquid outlet 146 is disposed at the upper portion of the box body 140, and the position of the liquid inlet 145 is lower than the position of the liquid outlet 146, so that the flow direction of the cooling liquid is in a downward-in and upward-out direction, and the cooling liquid is fully subjected to heat exchange.
The heating and cooling system of the fuel cell can switch different working modes according to different working scenes of the system, and the running conditions of the working modes are as follows:
(1) semiconductor heating mode
In this mode, the direction of rotation of the three-way valve 12 is adjusted to connect the coolant inlet pipe 10 and the semiconductor heating/cooling pipe 13, the semiconductor heating/cooling unit 14 operates independently, and the surface of the semiconductor wafer 141 attached to the outer surface of the rectangular box 140 is hot. The semiconductor fins 141 positioned on the four sides of the box 140 heat the rectangular box 140, the cooling liquid flows through the box 140 under the assistance of the cooling liquid circulating pump 11, and the cooling liquid heated by the box 140 enters the fuel cell, so that the internal temperature of the fuel cell is increased, and the cold start time of the fuel cell is shortened;
(2) air-cooled individual cooling mode
Since the cooling efficiency of the semiconductor fin 141 is relatively low, the cooling liquid is cooled and radiated only by the air-cooled radiator 17 at the time of low heat load. In this mode, the three-way valve 12 is adjusted in rotation direction to connect the coolant inlet pipe 10 and the air-cooled cooling pipe 16, and the semiconductor is not energized. Under the assistance of the cooling liquid circulating pump 11, the cooling liquid flows through the air-cooled radiator 17, and the cooling liquid cooled by the radiator enters the fuel cell to ensure that the internal temperature of the fuel cell is within a set interval;
(3) cooperative cooling mode
In this mode, the three-way valve 12 is adjusted to turn to connect the coolant inlet pipe 10, the air-cooled cooling pipe 16 and the semiconductor heating/cooling pipe 13, and the current direction is changed to make the surface of the semiconductor wafer 141 attached to the outer surface of the rectangular box 140 be a cold end. The semiconductor fins 141 on the four sides of the box 140 cool the rectangular box 140, the cooling liquid is adjusted by the three-way valve 12 under the assistance of the cooling liquid circulating pump 11, flows through the air-cooled cooling pipe 16 and the semiconductor heating/cooling pipeline respectively according to a certain proportion, and is converged at the inlet of the deionizer 19, the cooling liquid is cooled by the air-cooled radiator 17 and the semiconductor heating cooler 14 at the same time, and the cooled cooling liquid enters the fuel cell to ensure that the internal temperature of the fuel cell is within a set interval.
The heating and cooling system for the fuel cell in this embodiment utilizes the characteristics that the heating efficiency of the semiconductor wafer 141 is greater than 100% and the cold and hot ends are interchangeable to design a device capable of simultaneously heating and cooling the cooling liquid of the fuel cell. When the fuel cell is in cold start, the cooling liquid is heated, so that the rapid start of the fuel cell is realized; when the fuel cell is operated at a high load, the air-cooled radiator 17 is assisted to cool the coolant, and the internal temperature of the fuel cell is ensured within a set interval. The design power of the air-cooled radiator 17 can be reduced by the cooling mode of the air-cooled cooling and the semiconductor cooling in cooperation, so that the noise of the system is reduced due to the lower refrigeration efficiency of the semiconductor wafer when the fuel cell runs under high load, and when the heat load is lower, the fuel cell cooling liquid is only cooled by the air-cooled cooling pipe alone without starting the semiconductor wafer, and the energy consumption of the cooling system can be reduced.
The second embodiment:
a control method of a heating and cooling system of a fuel cell, comprising the steps of:
s1, inputting a fuel cell starting signal;
s2, setting FC cold start temperature T 1 FC Normal operating temperature T 2 FC high temperature operating temperature T 3 Cold start temperature T 1 Normally set at a temperature below 0 ℃ and at a normal operating temperature T 2 A high temperature T as a value in an optimum operating temperature range of the fuel cell 3 Also at a value in the optimum operating temperature range of the fuel cell, but above T 2 Lower than the upper limit of the optimal working temperature interval;
setting FC intermediate power P 1 Taking the power value as a boundary,dividing a low working power interval and a high working power interval of the fuel cell;
s3, measuring the temperature T of the cooling liquid at the outlet of the fuel cell, and measuring the FC output net power P;
s4, comparing T and T 1 If T is smaller than T 1 The heating and cooling system operates the semiconductor heating mode, that is, the direction of the three-way valve is adjusted, so that the cooling liquid only flows through the semiconductor heating cooler and is heated by the semiconductor wafer, thereby realizing the quick start of the fuel cell, otherwise, the operation is switched to S5;
s5, comparing T and T 2 If T is smaller than T 2 In order to ensure the rapid rise of the working temperature of the fuel cell, the heating and cooling system does not work at the moment; otherwise, go to S6;
s6, comparing T and T 3 If T is greater than T 3 Or T is less than T 3 But FC net power output P is greater than P 1 The heating and cooling system is switched to a cooperative cooling mode, namely the steering of a three-way valve is adjusted, cooling liquid flows through an air cooling radiator and a semiconductor heating cooler simultaneously, and the surface of a semiconductor wafer attached to the outer surface of the rectangular box body is a cold end by changing the current direction;
if T is less than T 3 And FC net power output P is less than P 1 The heating and cooling system is converted into an air-cooling independent cooling mode, namely the steering of the three-way valve is adjusted, so that the cooling liquid only flows through the air-cooling radiator, and the semiconductor heating cooler does not work.
The method controls the heating and cooling system to automatically switch the working mode, heats the cooling liquid when the fuel cell is in cold start, and realizes the quick start of the fuel cell; when the fuel cell runs at a high load, the heating and cooling device assists the air-cooled radiator to cool the cooling liquid, and the internal temperature of the fuel cell is ensured to be within a set interval. By additionally judging the net power output by the fuel cell, the feed-forward control of the working temperature of the fuel cell can be realized, and the fuel cell is prevented from being damaged at high temperature when not cooled in time.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the present invention in other forms, and any person skilled in the art may apply the above modifications or changes to the equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention, and any simple modification, equivalent change and change made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the technical spirit of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A heating and cooling system of a fuel cell, characterized in that: the system comprises a circulating pump, an air-cooled radiator, a deionizer and a heating and cooling device, wherein the liquid inlet end of the circulating pump is connected to a cooling liquid inlet through a pipeline, the liquid outlet end of the circulating pump is sequentially connected with a three-way valve, the radiator, a first one-way valve and the deionizer through a pipeline, and the liquid outlet end of the deionizer is connected to a cooling liquid outlet; the liquid inlet end of the heating and cooling device is connected with the three-way valve, and the liquid outlet end of the heating and cooling device is connected to a pipeline between the deionizer and the first one-way valve after passing through the second one-way valve.
2. The heating and cooling system of a fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heating and cooling device is a semiconductor heating and cooling device.
3. The heating and cooling system of a fuel cell according to claim 2, characterized in that: the semiconductor heating cooler comprises a box body, wherein a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet are formed in the box body, semiconductor fins and radiating fins are installed on the side wall of the box body, and radiating fans are installed at two ends of the box body.
4. The heating and cooling system of a fuel cell according to claim 3, characterized in that: and heat-conducting silica gel is arranged between the semiconductor wafer and the side wall of the box body and between the semiconductor wafer and the radiating fin.
5. The heating and cooling system of a fuel cell according to claim 3, characterized in that: the length direction of the radiating fins is the same as the flowing direction of cooling liquid in the semiconductor heating cooler.
6. The heating and cooling system of a fuel cell according to claim 3, characterized in that: the wind directions of the two cooling fans are the same and the length direction of the two cooling fans is the same as that of the cooling fins.
7. The heating and cooling system of a fuel cell according to claim 3, characterized in that: the liquid inlet is arranged at the lower part of the box body, and the liquid outlet is arranged at the upper part of the box body.
8. A control method of a heating and cooling system of a fuel cell, characterized by comprising the steps of:
s1, inputting a fuel cell starting signal;
s2, setting FC cold start temperature T 1 FC Normal operating temperature T 2 FC high temperature operating temperature T 3 ；
Setting FC intermediate power P 1 Dividing a low working power interval and a high working power interval of the fuel cell by taking the power value as a boundary;
s3, measuring the temperature T of the cooling liquid at the outlet of the fuel cell, and measuring FC output net power P;
s4, comparing T and T 1 If T is smaller than T 1 The heating and cooling system operates the semiconductor heating mode, that is, the direction of the three-way valve is adjusted, so that the cooling liquid only flows through the semiconductor heating cooler and is heated by the semiconductor wafer, thereby realizing the quick start of the fuel cell, otherwise, the operation is switched to S5;
s5, comparing T and T 2 If T is smaller than T 2 In order to ensure the rapid rise of the working temperature of the fuel cell, the heating and cooling system does not work at the moment; otherwise, go to S6;
s6, comparing T and T 3 If T is greater than T 3 Or T is less than T 3 But FC net power output P is greater than P 1 The heating and cooling system is switched to a cooperative cooling mode, i.e. the turning direction of the three-way valve is adjusted, the cooling liquid flows through the air-cooled radiator and the semiconductor heating cooler simultaneously,the surface of the semiconductor wafer attached to the outer surface of the rectangular box body is a cold end by changing the current direction;
if T is less than T 3 And FC net power output P is less than P 1 The heating and cooling system is converted into an air-cooling independent cooling mode, namely the steering of the three-way valve is adjusted, so that the cooling liquid only flows through the air-cooling radiator, and the semiconductor heating cooler does not work.
9. The control method of the heating and cooling system of the fuel cell according to claim 3, characterized in that: cold start temperature T 1 <0℃，T 2 And T 3 Are all within the optimal working temperature range of the fuel cell and T 3 >T 2 。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210660848.1A CN115036527A (en) | 2022-06-13 | 2022-06-13 | Heating and cooling system of fuel cell and control method |
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| CN202210660848.1A CN115036527A (en) | 2022-06-13 | 2022-06-13 | Heating and cooling system of fuel cell and control method |
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| CN115036527A true CN115036527A (en) | 2022-09-09 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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