CN115030207A - Construction method of steel caisson at bottom pit part of elevator shaft - Google Patents
Construction method of steel caisson at bottom pit part of elevator shaft Download PDFInfo
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- CN115030207A CN115030207A CN202210787218.0A CN202210787218A CN115030207A CN 115030207 A CN115030207 A CN 115030207A CN 202210787218 A CN202210787218 A CN 202210787218A CN 115030207 A CN115030207 A CN 115030207A
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- steel caisson
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- placing groove
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 269
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 269
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009435 building construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D23/00—Caissons; Construction or placing of caissons
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/02—Foundation pits
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D19/00—Keeping dry foundation sites or other areas in the ground
- E02D19/06—Restraining of underground water
- E02D19/10—Restraining of underground water by lowering level of ground water
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D23/00—Caissons; Construction or placing of caissons
- E02D23/08—Lowering or sinking caissons
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/22—Piles
- E02D5/34—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2300/00—Materials
- E02D2300/0004—Synthetics
- E02D2300/0018—Cement used as binder
- E02D2300/002—Concrete
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2300/00—Materials
- E02D2300/0026—Metals
- E02D2300/0029—Steel; Iron
Abstract
A construction method of a steel caisson at a pit part of an elevator shaft relates to a steel caisson construction process, and comprises the process steps of excavation of pile holes in a foundation pit, manufacturing of a reinforcement cage, manufacturing of a cast-in-place pile, excavation and precipitation of a precipitation well, excavation of a steel caisson placing groove, manufacturing and installation of an X-shaped reinforcement, manufacturing of the steel caisson, installation of the steel caisson, addition of a counter weight to the steel caisson, removal of water in the steel caisson, molding of the elevator shaft pit and waterproof treatment; according to the invention, the X-shaped steel bars with four ends respectively connected with the four cast-in-place piles A are arranged at the bottom of the steel caisson placing groove to serve as the lower support of the steel caisson, and the cast-in-place piles B extending into the steel caisson are arranged at the bottom of the steel caisson to be connected with the terrace to serve as the upper support, so that the purposes of stably supporting the steel caisson for forming the elevator shaft bottom pit and effectively clamping the steel caisson by the upper support and the lower support when the elevator shaft bottom pit is below the ground water level and performing dry box operation are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a steel caisson construction process, in particular to a construction method of a steel caisson at a pit part of an elevator shaft.
Background
With the higher and deeper requirements for building construction in the existing buildings, the construction technology of foundation pit excavation and dewatering and drainage is changing day by day; because the basement of the high-rise building is deep, most of foundation construction stages involve foundation pit dewatering. When only elevartor shaft pit position is in under the ground water level, the precipitation area is less, and inside the elevartor shaft pit is located the basis mostly, adopts traditional light-duty well point precipitation scheme to arrange well point pipe, house steward and pumping equipment outside the foundation ditch periphery, needs certain construction site, and construction cost is higher, influences construction period.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the background art, the invention discloses a construction method of a steel caisson at a pit part of an elevator shaft, wherein four ends of an X-shaped steel bar connected with four filling piles A are arranged at the bottom of a steel caisson placing groove and used as a lower support of the steel caisson, a filling pile B extending into the steel caisson is arranged at the bottom of the steel caisson and connected with a terrace as an upper support, and the purposes of stably supporting the steel caisson for forming the elevator shaft pit and effectively clamping the steel caisson by the upper support and the lower support when the elevator shaft pit is below an underground water level and performing dry box operation are achieved.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a construction method of a steel caisson at a bottom pit part of an elevator shaft comprises the following steps:
step one, excavating pile holes in a foundation pit: four pile holes A with equal depth are respectively dug outside four corners of the position of the pre-dug steel caisson placing groove in the foundation pit, and two pile holes B with equal depth to the pile holes A are dug at intervals in the center of the position of the pre-dug steel caisson placing groove in the foundation pit;
step two, manufacturing a reinforcement cage: manufacturing a reinforcement cage A by using a vertical reinforcement A and a spiral reinforcement A, wherein the lower end of the vertical reinforcement A and the lower end of the spiral reinforcement A are parallel and level, the upper end of the vertical reinforcement A slightly extends out of the upper end of the spiral reinforcement A, an arc-shaped steel plate is welded on the outer edge of the upper end of the spiral reinforcement A, the length of the spiral reinforcement A is equal to the depth of a pile hole A, manufacturing a reinforcement cage B by using the vertical reinforcement B and the spiral reinforcement B, the lower end of the vertical reinforcement B and the lower end of the spiral reinforcement B are parallel and level, the upper end of the vertical reinforcement B slightly extends out of the upper end of the spiral reinforcement B, the length of the spiral reinforcement B is equal to the depth of the bottom of a pile of the pile hole B to the bottom of a pre-excavated steel caisson placing groove, manufacturing four reinforcement cages A and manufacturing two reinforcement cages B;
step three, manufacturing a cast-in-place pile: respectively putting four reinforcement cages A into the four pile holes A to enable the four arc-shaped steel plates to be arranged in a pairwise opposite mode according to two diagonal lines formed by the four reinforcement cages A, respectively pouring concrete into the four pile holes A and maintaining the concrete to form four pouring piles A, wherein the parts, extending out of the upper ends of the spiral reinforcements, of the vertical reinforcements A arranged in the four reinforcement cages A are located outside the pile holes A, and putting the two reinforcement cages B into the two pile holes B to pour the concrete to cover the vertical reinforcements B and maintain the concrete to form two pouring piles B;
fourthly, excavating a dewatering well and dewatering: digging precipitation wells in the middle of four sides of a bottom pit part of a pre-dug elevator shaft in a foundation pit, respectively inserting a water permeable pipe with the lower end positioned at the bottom of the precipitation well and the top end slightly lower than a well head into each precipitation well, and extending water pumping pipes respectively arranged on four water pumps into the pipe bottoms of the four water permeable pipes respectively provided with pipe cavities for precipitation;
step five, excavating a steel caisson placing groove: excavating the steel caisson placing groove according to the fact that the four cast-in-place piles A are located outside the four corners of the steel caisson placing groove, and the two cast-in-place piles B are located in the center of the bottom of the steel caisson placing groove;
step six, manufacturing and installing the X-shaped steel bar: welding two ends of a U-shaped steel bar with one end of each steel bar to form a steel bar carrying rod, wherein the length of two arms of the U-shaped steel bar is greater than the height of the underground water level invading the steel caisson placing groove, welding two steel bar carrying rods after crossing to form an X-shaped steel bar, digging connecting grooves between four corners of the steel caisson placing groove and arc-shaped steel plates respectively arranged on four cast-in-place piles A, because the bottoms of the two U-shaped steel bars are lower than the horizontal planes of the four connecting steel bars arranged on the X-shaped steel bar, the connecting grooves can not overflow water, continuously lowering water in the four water permeable pipes by a water pump, keeping the water level in the steel caisson placing groove at a low level, arranging the two U-shaped steel bars arranged on the X-shaped steel bar at the bottom of the steel caisson placing groove, arranging the four connecting steel bars arranged on the X-shaped steel bar in the four connecting grooves, and keeping the center of the X-shaped steel bar between the two cast-in-place piles B, the four end points of the X-shaped steel bar are respectively and firmly welded with the four arc-shaped steel plates;
seventhly, manufacturing a steel caisson: manufacturing an upper opening steel caisson with the length and width slightly smaller than the size of the steel caisson placing groove according to the size of the steel caisson placing groove, respectively arranging through holes at the bottom of a cavity arranged in the steel caisson and at positions corresponding to the two cast-in-place piles B, respectively arranging protective cylinders which extend upwards and are tightly connected on the two through holes in the steel caisson, wherein the height of each protective cylinder exceeds the height of the steel caisson when the underground water level is not lowered, and arranging anchor rods on the outer side wall of the steel caisson at intervals;
step eight, mounting a steel caisson: the steel caisson is placed in a steel caisson placing groove, the steel caisson generates buoyancy due to the arrangement of the two protection cylinders, water is injected into the steel caisson by using a water pipe to bear a load until the bottom of the steel caisson is tightly connected with the X-shaped steel bars, so that the steel caisson has a larger self-weight at the inner bottom of the two U-shaped steel bars arranged on the X-shaped steel bars, and the two protection cylinders are sleeved outside the vertical steel bars B at the tops of the two cast-in-place piles B;
step nine, adding a balance weight to the steel caisson: pouring the outer wall of the steel caisson by using concrete, sealing the upper parts of the anchor rod and the permeable pipe in a concrete balance weight layer positioned outside the steel caisson, communicating the upper end of a pipe cavity arranged on the permeable pipe with the outside of the concrete balance weight layer, and continuously pumping water at the bottom of the pipe cavity by using a water pump;
step ten, removing water in the steel caisson: pumping water in the steel caisson by using the other water pump, stopping pumping water in the steel caisson when the water in the steel caisson is completely pumped, continuously pumping water in the four pipe cavities by using the four water pumps, and keeping the underground water level at the steel caisson at a low water level;
eleven, forming an elevator shaft pit: placing the vertical reinforcing steel bars B at the tops of the two cast-in-place piles B into a steel caisson after the two pile casings are cut off, then seeping underground water into a cavity from the through holes, plugging the two through holes by using a leakage filling agent, completely pumping the underground water seeped into the cavity by using another water pump after the plugging is compact and drying the cavity, pouring concrete into the steel caisson to ensure that the concrete sinks over the vertical reinforcing steel bars B, flattening the concrete to form a concrete cushion, stopping pumping the water by the four water pumps after the concrete cushion is dried, pumping the water pumps positioned in the four pipe cavities out, backfilling the four water-permeable pipes by broken stones, and leveling the tops of the four pipe cavities by using the concrete;
step twelve, waterproof treatment: and (3) uniformly paving and sticking the inner side wall of the steel caisson and the concrete cushion layer by using a waterproof material.
In the construction method of the steel caisson at the bottom pit of the elevator shaft, the length of the upper end of the vertical steel bar A extending out of the pile hole A in the third step is 60 cm.
According to the construction method of the steel caisson at the bottom pit part of the elevator shaft, the upper end of the vertical steel bar A in the third step can be connected with an upper structure.
The construction method of the steel caisson at the pit part of the elevator shaft comprises the fourth step of uniformly arranging spherical bulges on the outer wall of the water permeable pipe, wherein the water permeable pipe and the dewatering well are in interference fit.
According to the construction method of the steel caisson at the bottom pit part of the elevator shaft, after the X-shaped steel bars are manufactured in the sixth step, the X-shaped steel bars are brushed by using the antirust paint.
According to the construction method of the steel caisson at the bottom pit part of the elevator shaft, when the four end points of the X-shaped steel bars and the four arc-shaped steel plates are welded in the sixth step, if the welding positions of the four arc-shaped steel plates are covered by concrete, the concrete at the positions needing to be welded can be knocked off by using a hammer.
According to the construction method of the steel caisson at the bottom pit part of the elevator shaft, in the eleventh step, a concrete cushion is made in the steel caisson, and the thickness of the concrete cushion is 60 cm.
The construction method of the steel caisson at the bottom pit part of the elevator shaft comprises the step twelve of uniformly paving and sticking the foundation pit with waterproof materials.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the construction method of the steel caisson at the pit part of the elevator shaft, the four ends of the X-shaped steel bars which are respectively connected with the four cast-in-place piles A are arranged at the bottom of the steel caisson placing groove to serve as the lower support of the steel caisson, the cast-in-place pile B which extends into the steel caisson is arranged at the bottom of the steel caisson to be connected with the floor to serve as the upper support, and the purposes of effectively clamping the steel caisson for forming the elevator shaft pit by the upper support and the lower support and performing dry box operation when the elevator shaft pit is below the ground water level are achieved; the invention has compact and reasonable structure, easy construction and strong practicability, can effectively improve the working efficiency and has great market popularization value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the construction steps of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a first construction step of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a reinforcement cage A in a second construction step of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a reinforcement cage B in a second construction step of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a third step and a fourth step of the construction method of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a fifth construction step of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the "X" shaped reinforcing bars in the sixth construction step of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a sixth construction step of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a seventh construction step of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing the construction step eight according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view from another perspective of the construction step eight of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of a ninth construction step of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic perspective view of a ninth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic structural view of a tenth construction step of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a schematic structural view of construction step eleven of the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a schematic structural view of the twelfth construction step of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. pile hole A; 2. dewatering wells; 3. pile hole B; 4. a foundation pit; 5. erecting a steel bar A; 6. an arc-shaped steel plate; 7. a spiral reinforcing steel bar A; 8. a reinforcement cage A; 9. erecting a steel bar B; 10. spiral steel bars B; 11. a reinforcement cage B; 12. filling a pile A; 13. pouring a pile B; 14. connecting grooves; 15. an X-shaped steel bar; 16. an anchor rod; 17. a steel caisson; 18. a cavity; 19. perforating; 20. protecting the cylinder; 21. a steel caisson placing groove; 22. a concrete weight layer; 23. a water permeable pipe; 24. a lumen; 25. a concrete cushion; 26. connecting reinforcing steel bars; 27. u-shaped steel bars; 28. a reinforcing bar stretcher.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be explained in more detail by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the present invention, and all changes and modifications within the scope of the present invention are intended to be protected by the disclosure of the present invention;
the construction method of the steel caisson at the bottom pit part of the elevator shaft with reference to the attached drawings 1-16 comprises the following steps:
step one, excavating pile holes in a foundation pit: four pile holes A1 with equal depth are respectively dug outside the four corners of the pre-dug steel caisson placing groove 21 part in the foundation pit 4, and two pile holes B3 with equal depth as the pile holes A1 are dug at intervals in the center of the pre-dug steel caisson placing groove 21 part in the foundation pit 4;
step two, manufacturing a reinforcement cage: manufacturing a reinforcement cage A8 by using vertical reinforcements A5 and spiral reinforcements A7, wherein the lower end of the vertical reinforcements A5 is flush with the lower end of the spiral reinforcements A7, the upper end of the vertical reinforcements A5 slightly extends out of the upper end of the spiral reinforcements A7, an arc-shaped steel plate 6 is welded at the outer edge of the upper end of the spiral reinforcements A7, the length of the spiral reinforcements A7 is equal to the depth of a pile hole A1, manufacturing a reinforcement cage B11 by using the vertical reinforcements B9 and the spiral reinforcements B10, the lower end of the vertical reinforcements B9 is flush with the lower end of the spiral reinforcements B10, the upper end of the vertical reinforcements B9 slightly extends out of the upper end of the spiral reinforcements B10, the length of the spiral reinforcements B10 is equal to the depth from the pile bottom of the pile hole B3 to the bottom of a pre-excavated steel caisson placing groove 21, manufacturing four reinforcement cages A8, and manufacturing two reinforcement cages B11;
step three, manufacturing a cast-in-place pile: putting four reinforcement cages A8 into four pile holes A1 respectively to enable four arc-shaped steel plates 6 to be arranged oppositely in pairs according to two diagonal lines formed by the four reinforcement cages A8, pouring concrete into the four pile holes A1 respectively and maintaining to form four pouring piles A12, wherein the parts, extending out of the upper ends of spiral reinforcements A7, of vertical reinforcements A5 arranged on the four reinforcement cages A8 are positioned outside the pile holes A1, putting two reinforcement cages B11 into the two pile holes B3 to pour the concrete to cover the vertical reinforcements B9 and maintain to form two pouring piles B13, the length, extending out of the pile holes A1, of the upper ends of the vertical reinforcements A5 is 60cm, and the upper ends of the vertical reinforcements A5 can be connected with an upper structure;
step four, excavating and dewatering the dewatering well: respectively digging precipitation wells 2 in the middle of four sides of a bottom pit part of a pre-dug elevator shaft in a foundation pit 4, respectively inserting a water permeable pipe 23 with the lower end positioned at the bottom of the precipitation well 2 and the top end slightly lower than a well head into each precipitation well 2, respectively extending water pumping pipes respectively arranged on four water pumps into the pipe bottoms of the four water permeable pipes 23 respectively provided with pipe cavities 24 for precipitation, uniformly arranging spherical bulges on the outer walls of the water permeable pipes 23, and enabling the water permeable pipes 23 and the precipitation wells 2 to be in interference fit;
fifthly, excavating a placing groove of the steel caisson: excavating the steel caisson placing groove 21 according to the fact that the four cast-in-place piles A12 are located on the outer sides of four corners of the steel caisson placing groove 21 and the two cast-in-place piles B13 are located at the center of the bottom of the steel caisson placing groove 21, the bottom of the steel caisson placing groove 21 is located below the ground water level, until the excavation of the steel caisson placing groove 21 is completed, water seeps out of the bottom of the steel caisson placing groove 21, the water pump continuously pumps water in the four water permeable pipes 23 to enable the ground water level to be at a lower level in the steel caisson placing groove 21, and after the excavation of the steel caisson placing groove 21 is completed, the concrete on the tops of the two cast-in-place piles B13 spiral reinforcing steel bars B10 is knocked off to enable the portions, extending out of the upper ends of the spiral reinforcing steel bars B10, of the vertical reinforcing steel bars B9 respectively arranged on the two reinforcing cages B11 to be located in the steel caisson placing groove 21;
step six, manufacturing and installing the X-shaped steel bar: welding two ends of a U-shaped steel bar 27 to one end of each connecting steel bar 26 to form a steel bar carrying rod 28, welding two arms of the U-shaped steel bar 27 to be longer than the height of the ground water level entering the steel caisson placing groove, crossing the two steel bar carrying rods 28 to form an X-shaped steel bar 15, brushing the X-shaped steel bar 15 with anti-rust paint after the X-shaped steel bar 15 is manufactured, digging connecting grooves 14 between four corners of the steel caisson placing groove 21 and arc-shaped steel plates 6 respectively arranged on four filling piles A12, placing the two U-shaped steel bars 27 arranged on the X-shaped steel bar 15 at the bottom of the steel caisson placing groove 21 at a low water level because the bottoms of the two U-shaped steel bars 27 are lower than the bottom of the water level of the four connecting steel bars 26 arranged on the X-shaped steel bar 15, so that the connecting grooves 14 cannot overflow water, the water pump continuously descends in the four permeable pipes 23, the four connecting steel bars 26 arranged on the X-shaped steel bar 15 are placed in the four connecting grooves 14, the center of the X-shaped steel bar 15 is located between the two cast-in-place piles B13, four end points of the X-shaped steel bar 15 are respectively and firmly welded with the four arc-shaped steel plates 6, and when the four end points of the X-shaped steel bar 15 and the four arc-shaped steel plates 6 are welded, if welding points of the four arc-shaped steel plates 6 are covered by concrete, the concrete at positions needing to be welded can be knocked off by a hammer;
seventhly, manufacturing a steel caisson: manufacturing an upper opening steel caisson 17 with the length and width slightly smaller than the size of the steel caisson placing groove 21 according to the size of the steel caisson placing groove 21, respectively arranging through holes 19 at the bottom of a cavity 18 formed in the steel caisson 17 and at positions corresponding to two cast-in-place piles B13, respectively arranging protective cylinders 20 which extend upwards and are tightly connected on the two through holes 19 in the steel caisson 17, wherein the height of each protective cylinder 20 exceeds the height of the steel caisson 17 when the underground water level is not lowered, and arranging anchor rods 16 on the outer side wall of the steel caisson 17 at intervals;
step eight, mounting a steel caisson: placing the steel caisson 17 in a steel caisson placing groove 21, wherein the steel caisson 17 generates buoyancy due to the arrangement of the two protection cylinders 20, injecting water into the steel caisson 17 by using a water pipe until the water surface reaches the upper edges of the two protection cylinders 20, so that the steel caisson 17 has larger dead weight at the inner bottom of the two U-shaped steel bars 27 arranged on the X-shaped steel bars 15, and the two protection cylinders 20 are sleeved outside the vertical steel bar B9 at the top of the two cast-in-place piles B13;
step nine, adding a balance weight to the steel caisson: pouring the outer wall of the steel caisson 17 by using concrete, sealing the upper parts of the anchor rods 16 and the water permeable pipes 23 in the concrete balance weight layer 22 positioned outside the steel caisson 17, communicating the upper ends of pipe cavities 24 arranged on the water permeable pipes 23 with the outside of the concrete balance weight layer 22, and continuously pumping water at the pipe bottoms of the pipe cavities 24 by using a water pump;
step ten, removing water in the steel caisson: pumping water in the steel caisson 17 by using another water pump, stopping pumping water in the steel caisson 17 when the water in the steel caisson 17 is completely pumped, continuously pumping water in the four pipe cavities 24 by using the four water pumps, and keeping the underground water level at the position of the steel caisson 17 at a low water level;
eleven, forming an elevator shaft pit: placing vertical reinforcing steel bars B9 at the tops of two cast-in-place piles B13 into a steel caisson 17 after two pile casings 20 are cut off, then seeping underground water from a through hole 19 to a cavity 18, sealing the two through holes 19 by using a leakage filling agent, tightly sealing the two through holes, then completely pumping the underground water seeped into the cavity 18 by using another water suction pump and drying the cavity 18, pouring concrete into the steel caisson 17 to enable the concrete to sink through the vertical reinforcing steel bars B9, flattening the concrete to form a concrete cushion 25, making the thickness of the concrete cushion 25 in the steel caisson 17 to be 60cm, stopping the four water suction pumps after the concrete cushion 25 is dried, pumping out the water suction pumps positioned in the four pipe cavities 24, backfilling the four water-permeable pipes 23 by using broken stones, and leveling the tops of the four pipe cavities 24 by using the concrete;
step twelve, waterproof treatment: the inner side wall of the steel caisson 17 and the concrete cushion 25 are uniformly paved by waterproof materials, and the foundation pit 4 is uniformly paved by waterproof materials.
According to the invention, the X-shaped steel bars 15 with four ends respectively connected with four cast-in-place piles A12 are arranged at the bottom of the steel caisson placing groove 21 to serve as the lower support of the steel caisson 17, and the cast-in-place pile B13 extending into the steel caisson 17 is arranged at the bottom of the steel caisson 17 to be connected with the concrete cushion layer 25 to serve as the upper support, so that the purposes of stably supporting the steel caisson 17 for forming the elevator shaft bottom pit and performing dry box operation by effectively clamping the upper support and the lower support when the elevator shaft bottom pit is below the underground water level are achieved.
The invention is not described in detail in the prior art.
Claims (8)
1. A construction method of a steel caisson at a bottom pit part of an elevator shaft is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, excavating pile holes in a foundation pit: four pile holes A (1) with equal depth are respectively dug outside four corners of the steel caisson placing groove (21) which is pre-dug in the foundation pit (4), and two pile holes B (3) with equal depth to the pile holes A (1) are dug at intervals in the center of the steel caisson placing groove (21) which is pre-dug in the foundation pit (4);
step two, manufacturing a reinforcement cage: a reinforcement cage A (8) is manufactured by using vertical reinforcements A (5) and spiral reinforcements A (7), the lower ends of the vertical reinforcements A (5) are flush with the lower ends of the spiral reinforcements A (7), the upper ends of the vertical reinforcements A (5) slightly extend out of the upper ends of the spiral reinforcements A (7), arc-shaped steel plates (6) are welded on the outer edges of the upper ends of the spiral reinforcements A (7), the length of the spiral reinforcements A (7) is equal to the depth of a pile hole A (1), a reinforcement cage B (11) is manufactured by using vertical reinforcements B (9) and spiral reinforcements B (10), the lower ends of the vertical reinforcements B (9) are flush with the lower ends of the spiral reinforcements B (10), the upper ends of the vertical reinforcements B (9) slightly extend out of the upper ends of the spiral reinforcements B (10), the length of the spiral reinforcements B (10) is equal to the depth from the pile bottoms of pile holes B (3) to the bottoms of pre-dug steel caisson placing grooves (21), and four reinforcement cages A (8) are manufactured, two reinforcement cages B (11) are manufactured;
step three, manufacturing a cast-in-place pile: respectively putting four reinforcement cages A (8) into four pile holes A (1) to enable four arc-shaped steel plates (6) to be arranged oppositely in pairs according to two diagonal lines formed by the four reinforcement cages A (8), respectively pouring concrete into the four pile holes A (1) and maintaining to form four pouring piles A (12), respectively putting vertical reinforcements A (5) arranged on the four reinforcement cages A (8) into two pile holes B (3) to pour the concrete into the vertical reinforcements B (9) and maintain to form two pouring piles B (13), wherein the parts of the vertical reinforcements A (5) extending out of the upper ends of the spiral reinforcements A (7) are positioned outside the pile holes A (1);
step four, excavating and dewatering the dewatering well: digging precipitation wells (2) in the middle of four sides of a bottom pit part of a pre-dug elevator shaft in a foundation pit (4), respectively inserting a water permeable pipe (23) with the lower end positioned at the bottom of the precipitation well (2) and the top end slightly lower than a well head into each precipitation well (2), and extending water pumping pipes respectively arranged on four water pumps into the bottoms of the four water permeable pipes (23) respectively provided with a pipe cavity (24) for precipitation;
step five, excavating a steel caisson placing groove: the excavation of the steel caisson placing groove (21) is carried out according to the four cast-in-place piles A (12) which are positioned outside the four corners of the steel caisson placing groove (21) and the two cast-in-place piles B (13) which are positioned at the central part of the bottom of the steel caisson placing groove (21), because the bottom of the steel caisson placing groove (21) is positioned below the ground water level, therefore, until the steel caisson placing groove (21) is excavated, water seeps out of the bottom of the steel caisson placing groove (21), the water pump is used for continuously pumping water in the four water permeable pipes (23) to enable the water level of underground water to be at a lower level in the steel caisson placing groove (21), and after the steel caisson placing groove (21) is excavated, the concrete at the tops of spiral steel bars B (10) of two cast-in-place piles B (13) is knocked off to enable the parts, extending out of the upper ends of the spiral steel bars B (10), of vertical steel bars B (9) respectively arranged on the two steel reinforcement cages B (11) to be located in the steel caisson placing groove (21);
step six, manufacturing and installing the X-shaped steel bar: two ends of a U-shaped reinforcing steel bar (27) are respectively welded with one end of each connecting reinforcing steel bar (26) to form a reinforcing steel bar carrying rod (28), the length of two arms of the U-shaped reinforcing steel bar (27) is greater than the height of the underground water level invading the steel caisson placing groove, the two reinforcing steel bar carrying rods (28) are crossed and then welded to form an X-shaped reinforcing steel bar (15), connecting grooves (14) are dug between four corners of the steel caisson placing groove (21) and arc-shaped steel plates (6) respectively arranged on four cast-in-place piles A (12), because the bottoms of the two U-shaped reinforcing steel bars (27) are compared with the horizontal bottom of four connecting reinforcing steel bars (26) arranged on the X-shaped reinforcing steel bar (15), the connecting grooves (14) cannot overflow water, a water pump continuously descends in the four permeable pipes (23), the steel caisson placing groove (21) is at a low water level, the two U-shaped reinforcing steel bars (27) arranged on the X-shaped reinforcing steel bar (15) are placed at the bottom of the steel caisson placing groove (21), four connecting steel bars (26) arranged on the X-shaped steel bars (15) are placed in four connecting grooves (14), the centers of the X-shaped steel bars (15) are positioned between two cast-in-place piles B (13), and four end points of the X-shaped steel bars (15) are respectively and firmly welded with four arc-shaped steel plates (6);
seventhly, manufacturing a steel caisson: manufacturing an upper opening steel caisson (17) with the length and width slightly smaller than the size of the steel caisson placing groove (21) according to the size of the steel caisson placing groove (21), respectively arranging through holes (19) at the bottom of a cavity (18) arranged in the steel caisson (17) and at positions corresponding to two cast-in-place piles B (13), respectively arranging protective cylinders (20) which extend upwards and are tightly connected on the two through holes (19) in the steel caisson (17), wherein the height of each protective cylinder (20) exceeds the height of the steel caisson (17) when the underground water level is not lowered, and arranging anchor rods (16) on the outer side wall of the steel caisson (17) at intervals;
step eight, mounting a steel caisson: placing a steel caisson (17) in a steel caisson placing groove (21), wherein the steel caisson (17) generates buoyancy due to the arrangement of two pile casings (20), injecting water into the steel caisson (17) by using a water pipe for loading till the bottom of the steel caisson (17) is tightly connected with an X-shaped steel bar (15), so that the steel caisson (17) has larger dead weight at the inner bottom of the two U-shaped steel bars (27) arranged on the X-shaped steel bar (15), and the two pile casings (20) are sleeved outside a vertical steel bar B (9) at the top of two cast-in-place piles B (13);
step nine, adding a balance weight to the steel caisson: pouring concrete on the outer wall of the steel caisson (17), sealing the upper parts of the anchor rods (16) and the water permeable pipes (23) in a concrete counterweight layer (22) positioned outside the steel caisson (17), enabling the upper ends of pipe cavities (24) formed in the water permeable pipes (23) to be communicated with the outside of the concrete counterweight layer (22), and continuously pumping water at the pipe bottoms of the pipe cavities (24) by a water pump;
step ten, removing water in the steel caisson: pumping water in the steel caisson (17) by using another water pump, stopping pumping water in the steel caisson (17) when the water in the steel caisson (17) is completely pumped, continuously pumping water in four pipe cavities (24) by using the four water pumps, and keeping the underground water level at the low water level at the steel caisson (17);
eleven steps of forming an elevator shaft pit: placing vertical reinforcing steel bars B (9) at the tops of two cast-in-place piles B (13) in a steel caisson (17) after two pile casings (20) are cut off, then seeping underground water from the through holes (19) to the cavity (18), plugging the two through holes (19) by using a leak-filling agent, pumping the underground water seeped into the cavity (18) by using another water pump after plugging is compact, drying the cavity (18), pouring concrete in the steel caisson (17) to ensure that the concrete is submerged in the vertical reinforcing steel bars B (9), leveling the concrete to form a concrete cushion (25), stopping pumping the four water pumps after the concrete cushion (25) is dried, pumping out the water pumps positioned in the four pipe cavities (24), backfilling the four water-permeable pipes (23) by using broken stones, and leveling the tops of the four pipe cavities (24) by using the concrete;
step twelve, waterproof treatment: and (3) uniformly paving and sticking the inner side wall of the steel caisson (17) and the concrete cushion (25) by using a waterproof material.
2. The construction method of the steel caisson at the pit part of the elevator shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the third step, the length of the upper end of the vertical steel bar A (5) extending out of the pile hole A (1) is 60 cm.
3. The construction method of the steel caisson at the pit part of the elevator shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper end of the vertical steel bar A (5) in the third step can be connected with an upper structure.
4. The construction method of the steel caisson at the pit part of the elevator shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer wall of the permeable pipe (23) is uniformly provided with spherical bulges, and the permeable pipe (23) and the dewatering well (2) are in interference fit.
5. The construction method of the steel caisson at the pit part of the elevator shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: and in the sixth step, after the X-shaped reinforcing steel bars (15) are manufactured, the X-shaped reinforcing steel bars (15) are brushed by using antirust paint.
6. The construction method of the steel caisson at the pit part of the elevator shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: and sixthly, when the four end points of the X-shaped steel bars (15) and the four arc-shaped steel plates (6) are welded, if the welding positions of the four arc-shaped steel plates (6) are covered by concrete, knocking off the concrete at the positions needing to be welded by using a hammer.
7. The construction method of the steel caisson at the pit part of the elevator shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: and step eleven, making a concrete cushion (25) in the steel caisson (17) with the thickness of 60 cm.
8. The construction method of the steel caisson at the pit part of the elevator shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: and step twelve, uniformly paving and sticking the foundation pit (4) with waterproof materials.
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| KR19990027622A (en) * | 1997-09-30 | 1999-04-15 | 김헌출 | Bell type hardened caisson method |
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| CN111733827A (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2020-10-02 | 中铁六局集团天津铁路建设有限公司 | Station yard deep foundation pit protection construction method under adjacent high-speed rail complex environment silt geology |
| CN214738191U (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-11-16 | 陕西建工集团有限公司 | Steel plate caisson structure for local foundation pit |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR19990027622A (en) * | 1997-09-30 | 1999-04-15 | 김헌출 | Bell type hardened caisson method |
| CN103967031A (en) * | 2013-01-24 | 2014-08-06 | 中交公路规划设计院有限公司 | Caisson and pile combined foundation of consolidated subsoil and construction method of caisson and pile combined foundation |
| CN205242419U (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2016-05-18 | 北京首钢建设集团有限公司 | Steel sheet caisson of usefulness that secretly blocks water |
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| CN115030207B (en) | 2024-05-03 |
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