CN115029534A - Solid solution cooling device and method for variable-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part - Google Patents
Solid solution cooling device and method for variable-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part Download PDFInfo
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- CN115029534A CN115029534A CN202210730375.8A CN202210730375A CN115029534A CN 115029534 A CN115029534 A CN 115029534A CN 202210730375 A CN202210730375 A CN 202210730375A CN 115029534 A CN115029534 A CN 115029534A
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
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Abstract
The invention discloses a solid solution cooling device and a solid solution cooling method for a variable-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part. The method comprises the following steps: selecting a variable cross-section radiation heat absorption block matched with the variable cross-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part to be subjected to solid solution cooling, placing positions of two fans and rotating speeds of the two fans according to the shape and size of the variable cross-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part to be subjected to solid solution cooling; putting the shaft part into a heat treatment furnace for solution treatment, taking out the shaft part after the solution treatment is finished, transferring the shaft part to a solution cooling device, and cooling the shaft part; and (3) placing the shaft part into a heat treatment furnace for aging treatment. The solid solution cooling scheme can be specifically formulated according to the complex structures of the shaft part and the shaft neck part of the shaft part, the tissue uniformity and the mechanical property uniformity of each part of the shaft part can be effectively improved, the residual stress is reduced, and the metallurgical quality requirement of an advanced engine on the shaft part is met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of high-temperature alloy heat treatment, and particularly relates to a solid solution cooling device and method for a variable-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part.
Background
The turbine shaft part is an important transmission part commonly used on an engine and used for guaranteeing the safe and stable operation of the engine, and the quality of the turbine shaft part directly influences the performance of the engine. At present, shaft parts on advanced engines are generally prepared by nickel-based high-temperature alloys, and the structure and the performance of the shaft parts mainly depend on a heat treatment process.
The heat treatment process of the nickel-based high-temperature alloy mainly comprises solution treatment and aging treatment. Gamma' (Ni) 3 Al) phase is the most important strengthening phase of the nickel-based superalloy, and the gamma' phase in the alloy is completely or partially dissolved back into a matrix by solution treatment and then re-precipitated in the solution cooling process. The form, quantity, size, distribution and the like of the precipitated gamma 'phases are determined by the solution cooling mode and process, and a small amount of gamma' phases can be additionally precipitated in the subsequent aging treatment process to jointly determine the final mechanical property of the nickel-base superalloy.
The solid solution cooling method of the nickel-based superalloy generally comprises oil quenching, air cooling and the like, and the cooling effects are different. The oil quenching has the strongest cooling capacity, the mechanical property can meet the index requirement, but the oil quenching can cause larger residual stress and quenching crack risk; the air cooling capacity is weakest, the mechanical property can not meet the index requirement, and the cooling time is longer; the cooling capacity of air cooling is between oil quenching and air cooling, and ideal comprehensive performance can be realized under the condition of ensuring the quenching integrity of the shaft parts.
The nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part consists of a shaft and a shaft neck and has the characteristics of variable cross section, complex structure and easy deformation of a thin wall. When the conventional oil quenching method is adopted to carry out solid solution cooling on the nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part, due to the special characteristics of the structure and the shape, the cooling speed of each part of the shaft part is not uniform, so that the structure of the shaft part is not uniform, and the shaft part and the shaft neck part are easy to crack due to overlarge stress caused by overlarge cooling speed, so that the finished part is scrapped. Therefore, a solid solution cooling device and a solid solution cooling method suitable for variable-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft parts need to be designed urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a solid solution cooling device for variable-section nickel-base high-temperature alloy shaft parts, which comprises a rotary air cooling platform, a horizontal fan and an inclined fan, wherein the rotary air cooling platform is connected with the horizontal fan; a heat absorption block bearing support column is vertically arranged at the center of the rotary air-cooling platform, a shaft bearing support column is vertically arranged at the position, close to the edge, of the rotary air-cooling platform along the circumferential direction, and the heights of the heat absorption block bearing support column and the shaft bearing support column are the same; and a variable-section radiation heat absorption block is arranged above the heat absorption block bearing support.
A variable cross-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part is placed above the shaft part bearing support, the variable cross-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part comprises a shaft part and a shaft neck part, and the variable cross-section radiation heat absorption block comprises a vertical surface and an inclined surface.
Preferably, the horizontal fan is an adjustable air volume fan which is arranged along the horizontal direction; the inclined fan is an air quantity adjustable fan, and the inclination angle of the inclined fan is-90 degrees.
In any of the above schemes, preferably, the heat absorbing block bearing strut is one; the number of the bearing supports of the shaft part is at least three.
The solid solution cooling device for the variable-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part is simple in structure, convenient and fast to operate, high in cooling efficiency, and suitable for air cooling treatment of the nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part, and is particularly suitable for air cooling treatment of the hollow shaft part.
The invention also provides a solid solution cooling method of the variable cross-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part, which uses any one of the solid solution cooling devices of the variable cross-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part, and comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: selecting a variable cross-section radiation heat absorption block matched with the variable cross-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part to be subjected to solution cooling according to the shape and size of the variable cross-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part; installing the variable-section radiation heat absorption block on a heat absorption block bearing support of a solid solution cooling device; adjusting the solid solution cooling device to be in a horizontal position;
step two: selecting the placement positions of a horizontal fan and an inclined fan matched with the variable cross-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part to be subjected to solution cooling and the rotating speeds of the horizontal fan and the inclined fan matched with the variable cross-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part to be subjected to solution cooling according to the shape and the size of the variable cross-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part to be subjected to solution cooling;
step three: putting the variable-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part into a heat treatment furnace for solution treatment until the strengthening phase gamma' phase of the variable-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part is partially or completely dissolved;
step four: after the solution treatment is finished, taking the variable-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft out of the heat treatment furnace, and transferring the variable-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft to a shaft bearing support of a solution cooling device within a certain time;
step five: starting a rotary air cooling platform, a horizontal fan and an inclined fan, and cooling the variable-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part until the variable-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part is cooled to a set temperature;
step six: and after the cooling treatment is finished, putting the variable-section nickel-base high-temperature alloy shaft part into a heat treatment furnace for aging treatment.
According to the invention, by adopting the variable cross-section radiation heat absorption block and arranging the two air volume adjustable fans, the cooling speed of each part can be adjusted according to the shapes and sizes of nickel-based high-temperature alloy shafts of different models, so that the precipitation rule of a strengthening phase gamma' phase is controlled, the problems of uneven structure and overlarge residual stress of the variable cross-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shafts caused by complex structures are solved, and the variable cross-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shafts with more excellent comprehensive performance are obtained.
Preferably, in the step one, the shape of the outer wall of the variable cross-section radiation heat absorption block is matched with the shape of the inner wall of the variable cross-section nickel-based superalloy shaft, and a certain distance is formed between the variable cross-section radiation heat absorption block and the variable cross-section nickel-based superalloy shaft. The variable cross-section radiation heat absorption block is made of a nickel alloy material, the horizontal height of the variable cross-section radiation heat absorption block is not lower than that of the variable cross-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part, and the outer diameter of the variable cross-section radiation heat absorption block is smaller than that of the variable cross-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part. The variable cross-section radiation heat absorption block can absorb heat emitted by the inner wall of the shaft part, so that the cooling rate of the inner wall and the outer wall of the shaft part is consistent, and the overall structure and the mechanical property of the shaft part are more uniform.
In any of the above schemes, preferably, a certain distance is provided between the vertical surface of the variable cross-section radiation heat absorption block and the inner wall of the shaft part of the variable cross-section nickel-based superalloy shaft part; and a certain distance is reserved between the inclined surface of the variable-section radiation heat absorption block and the inner wall of the shaft neck part of the variable-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part.
The wall thickness of the shaft part is A, the wall thickness of the shaft neck part is B, the distance between the inner wall of the shaft part and the vertical surface is L, and the distance between the inner wall of the shaft neck part and the inclined surface is H.
When A is more than or equal to 20mm and less than or equal to 40mm, L is more than or equal to 50 mm-A and less than or equal to 55 mm-A;
when A is more than 40mm, L is more than or equal to 10mm and less than or equal to 20 mm;
when B is more than or equal to 20mm and less than or equal to 40mm, H is more than or equal to 50 mm-B and less than or equal to 55 mm-B;
when B is more than 40mm, H is more than or equal to 10mm and less than or equal to 20 mm.
In any of the foregoing schemes, preferably, in the second step, the inclination angle of the inclined fan is 20 ° to 80 ° or-80 ° to-20 °; the rotating speed adjusting range of the horizontal fan and the rotating speed adjusting range of the inclined fan are both 20-100%.
The horizontal fan and the inclined fan are both air volume adjustable fans, the maximum rotating speed is not less than 500r/min, and the maximum flow is not less than 25000m 3 H is used as the reference value. The horizontal fan is arranged along the horizontal direction and used for cooling the outer wall of the shaft part of the variable-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part; the inclined fan is arranged along the direction of the inclination angle and used for cooling the inner wall of the shaft neck part of the variable-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part. The inclination angle of the inclined fan can be adjusted, and if the shaft part of the variable-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part is arranged on the shaft neck part, the inclination angle is 20-80 degrees; if the shaft part of the variable-cross-section nickel-based superalloy shaft part is below the journal part, the inclination angle is-80 degrees to-20 degrees.
The distance between the horizontal fan and the outer wall of the shaft part of the variable-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part is a certain distance, the distance between the inclined fan and the inner wall of the shaft neck part of the variable-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part is a certain distance, the distances are generally 30-100 cm, and the distances between the two fans and the outer wall of the shaft part and the inner wall of the shaft neck part can also be adjusted by adjusting parameters such as rotating speed, flow and the like of the two fans.
In any of the above embodiments, preferably, in the third step, the solution treatment temperature is 950 ℃ to 1200 ℃, and the solution treatment holding time is 1h to 4 h.
The solution treatment process comprises the following steps: when the furnace temperature of the heat treatment furnace is lower than 200 ℃, putting the variable-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part into the furnace; heating to 500 ℃ at the heating rate of 1.7-4.2 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 1-2 h; continuously heating to 700 ℃ at the heating rate of 1.7 ℃/min-3.3 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 1 h-2 h; continuously heating to 900 ℃ at the heating rate of 1.7 ℃/min-3.3 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 1-2 h; continuously heating to the solution treatment temperature of 950-1200 ℃ at the heating rate of 1.7-4.0 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 1-4 h; and discharging the variable-section nickel-base high-temperature alloy shaft piece subjected to the solution treatment, and carrying out subsequent cooling treatment.
In any of the above embodiments, preferably, in the fourth step, the transferring time for transferring the variable-cross-section nickel-base superalloy shaft from the heat treatment furnace to the shaft bearing support is 30s to 300 s.
In any of the above schemes, preferably, in the fifth step, the rotating speed of the rotary air-cooling platform is 5r/min to 30 r/min; the set temperature of the cooling treatment is 300 ℃ to 600 ℃. The rotary air cooling platform carries the variable-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part and the variable-section radiation heat absorption block to rotate together, the two fans blow to the shaft part simultaneously in different directions along with the rotation of the rotary air cooling platform, and the heat absorption effect of the variable-section radiation heat absorption block is matched, so that the inside and the outside of the whole shaft part are cooled.
In any of the above schemes, preferably, in the sixth step, the aging treatment temperature is 700-870 ℃, and the aging treatment heat preservation time is 8-20 h.
The aging treatment process comprises the following steps: when the furnace temperature of the heat treatment furnace is lower than 200 ℃, putting the cooled variable-section nickel-base high-temperature alloy shaft part into the furnace; heating to 400 ℃ at the heating rate of 1.7-3.3 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 1-2 h; continuously heating to 600 ℃ at the heating rate of 1.7 ℃/min-3.3 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 1 h-2 h; continuously heating to the aging treatment temperature of 700-870 ℃ at the heating rate of 1.1-2.3 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 8-20 h; cooling at a cooling rate not higher than 20 ℃/h, and cooling the shaft part along with the furnace.
The solid solution cooling device and the solid solution cooling method for the variable-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part can achieve the purpose of making a solid solution cooling scheme according to the complex structures of the shaft part and the shaft neck part of the variable-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part, can effectively improve the tissue uniformity and the mechanical property uniformity of each part of the nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part, reduce the residual stress and meet the metallurgical quality requirement of an advanced engine on the shaft part.
The technical scheme of the invention relates to a plurality of parameters, and the beneficial effects and the remarkable progress of the invention can be obtained only by comprehensively considering the synergistic effect among the parameters. In addition, the value ranges of the parameters in the technical scheme are obtained through a large number of tests, and for each parameter and the combination of the parameters, the inventor records a large number of test data, limited to space, and does not disclose specific test data.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a solid solution cooling device in a preferred embodiment of the solid solution cooling device and the method for the variable cross-section nickel-based superalloy shaft part according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the solution cooling apparatus of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a metallographic photograph of a shaft structure of the variable cross-section nickel-based superalloy shaft component in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a metallographic photograph of a journal structure of a variable cross-section nickel-based superalloy shaft component in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a scanning electron microscope photograph of the shaft structure of the nickel-base superalloy shaft with the variable cross-section in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a scanning electron microscope photograph of the journal structure of the nickel-base superalloy shaft with the variable cross-section in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1.
The figures are labeled as follows: the method comprises the following steps of 1-rotating air cooling platform, 2-horizontal fan, 3-inclined fan, 4-heat absorption block bearing support, 5-shaft part bearing support, 6-variable cross section radiation heat absorption block, 7-variable cross section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part, 8-shaft part, 9-shaft neck part, 10-vertical surface and 11-inclined surface.
Detailed Description
In order that the invention may be further understood, the invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific examples.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1-2, a preferred embodiment of the solid solution cooling device for the variable cross-section nickel-based superalloy shaft part according to the present invention comprises a rotary air cooling platform 1, a horizontal fan 2 and an inclined fan 3; a heat absorption block bearing support column 4 is vertically arranged at the center of the rotary air-cooled platform 1, a shaft bearing support column 5 is vertically arranged at the position, close to the edge, of the rotary air-cooled platform 1 along the circumferential direction, and the heights of the heat absorption block bearing support column 4 and the shaft bearing support column 5 are the same; and a variable-section radiation heat absorption block 6 is arranged above the heat absorption block bearing support 4. The number of the heat absorption block bearing support is one; the bearing support columns of the shaft parts are four and are arranged at equal intervals along the axial direction.
A variable cross-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part 7 is placed above the shaft part bearing support 5, the variable cross-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part 7 comprises a shaft part 8 and a shaft neck part 9, and the variable cross-section radiation heat absorption block 6 comprises a vertical surface 10 and an inclined surface 11.
The embodiment also provides a solid solution cooling method for the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft part, the shaft part is prepared from powder superalloy FGH96, the method uses the solid solution cooling device for the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft part of the embodiment, and the solid solution cooling method comprises the following steps in sequence:
the method comprises the following steps: selecting a variable cross-section radiation heat absorption block matched with the variable cross-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part to be subjected to solution cooling according to the shape and size of the variable cross-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part; installing the variable-section radiation heat absorption block on a heat absorption block bearing support of a solid solution cooling device; adjusting the solid solution cooling device to be in a horizontal position;
step two: selecting the placement positions of a horizontal fan and an inclined fan matched with the variable cross-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part to be subjected to solution cooling and the rotating speeds of the horizontal fan and the inclined fan matched with the variable cross-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part to be subjected to solution cooling according to the shape and the size of the variable cross-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part to be subjected to solution cooling;
step three: putting the variable cross-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part into a heat treatment furnace for solution treatment until the strengthening phase gamma' phase of the variable cross-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part is partially or completely dissolved;
step four: after the solution treatment is finished, taking the variable-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft out of the heat treatment furnace, and transferring the variable-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft to a shaft bearing support of a solution cooling device within a certain time;
step five: starting a rotary air cooling platform, a horizontal fan and an inclined fan, and cooling the variable-section nickel-base high-temperature alloy shaft part until the variable-section nickel-base high-temperature alloy shaft part is cooled to a set temperature;
step six: and after the cooling treatment is finished, putting the variable-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part into a heat treatment furnace for aging treatment.
In the first step, the shape of the outer wall of the variable cross-section radiation heat absorption block is matched with the shape of the inner wall of the variable cross-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part. A certain distance is reserved between the vertical surface of the variable cross-section radiation heat absorption block and the inner wall of the shaft part of the variable cross-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part; and a certain distance is reserved between the inclined plane of the variable cross-section radiation heat absorption block and the inner wall of the shaft neck part of the variable cross-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part. The variable cross-section radiation heat absorption block is made of a nickel alloy material, the horizontal height of the variable cross-section radiation heat absorption block is not lower than that of the variable cross-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part, and the outer diameter of the variable cross-section radiation heat absorption block is smaller than that of the variable cross-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part.
In the present embodiment, the shaft portion wall thickness a is 40mm, the journal portion wall thickness B is 40mm, the distance L between the shaft portion inner wall and the vertical surface is 15mm, and the distance H between the journal portion inner wall and the inclined surface is 15 mm.
In the second step, the inclination angle of the inclined fan is 45 degrees; the rotating speed adjusting ranges of the horizontal fan and the inclined fan are both 80%.
The horizontal fan and the inclined fan are both air volume adjustable fans, the maximum rotating speed is not less than 500r/min, and the maximum flow is not less than 25000m 3 H is used as the reference value. The horizontal fan is arranged along the horizontal direction and used for cooling the outer wall of the shaft part of the variable-section nickel-base high-temperature alloy shaft part; the inclined fan is arranged along the direction of the inclination angle and used for cooling the inner wall of the shaft neck part of the variable-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part. The distance between the horizontal fan and the outer wall of the shaft part of the variable-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part is 50cm, and the inclined fan and the variable-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft partThe distance between the inner walls of the journal parts of the members was 30 cm.
In the third step, the process of solution treatment is as follows: when the furnace temperature of the heat treatment furnace is lower than 200 ℃, putting the variable-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part into the furnace; heating to 500 ℃ at the heating rate of 3.0 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 1.5 h; continuously heating to 700 ℃ at the heating rate of 2.5 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 1.5 h; continuously heating to 900 ℃ at the heating rate of 2.5 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 1.5 h; continuously heating to the solution treatment temperature of 1160 ℃ at the heating rate of 2.8 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 3 h; and discharging the variable-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft piece subjected to the solution treatment out of the furnace, and carrying out subsequent cooling treatment.
In the fourth step, the transfer time of transferring the variable-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part from the heat treatment furnace to the bearing support of the shaft part is 150 s.
In the fifth step, the rotating speed of the rotary air-cooling platform is 20 r/min; the set temperature of the cooling treatment was 450 ℃.
In the sixth step, the aging treatment process comprises the following steps: when the furnace temperature of the heat treatment furnace is lower than 200 ℃, putting the cooled variable-section nickel-base high-temperature alloy shaft part into the furnace; heating to 400 ℃ at the heating rate of 2.5 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 1.5 h; continuously heating to 600 ℃ at the heating rate of 2.5 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 1.5 h; continuously heating to the aging treatment temperature of 760 ℃ at the heating rate of 1.7 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 10 h; cooling at a cooling rate of 18 ℃/h, and cooling the shaft part along with the furnace.
In this embodiment, a plurality of samples were cut out from the shaft and the journal respectively for the tissue test and the mechanical property test. As shown in fig. 3-6, the shaft parts manufactured by the solution cooling apparatus and the method thereof according to the present embodiment have uniform internal structure and uniform mechanical properties of the shaft part and the journal part, and the mechanical properties meet the index requirements, and table 1 shows the mechanical property test results at different temperatures. Compared with the oil quenching treatment, the residual stress of the shaft part prepared by the solution cooling method of the embodiment is reduced by more than 30%.
TABLE 1 mechanical Property test results at different temperatures
The solid solution cooling device and the solid solution cooling method for the variable-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part can achieve the purpose of making a solid solution cooling scheme according to the complex structures of the shaft part and the shaft neck part of the variable-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part, can effectively improve the tissue uniformity and the mechanical property uniformity of each part of the nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part, reduce the residual stress, and meet the metallurgical quality requirements of advanced engines on the shaft part.
Example two:
according to another preferred embodiment of the solid solution cooling device and the method for the variable cross-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part, the structure, the solid solution cooling method, the principle, the beneficial effects and the like of the solid solution cooling device are the same as those of the first embodiment, except that: the variable-section nickel-base high-temperature alloy shaft part is prepared from powder high-temperature alloy GH 4169.
In this embodiment, a plurality of samples were cut out from the shaft and the journal respectively for the tissue test and the mechanical property test. The shaft parts manufactured by the solid solution cooling device and the method thereof have uniform internal organizational structures and uniform mechanical properties of the shaft part and the shaft neck part, the mechanical properties meet the index requirements, and the table 2 shows the mechanical property test results at different temperatures. Compared with the oil quenching treatment, the residual stress of the shaft part prepared by the solution cooling method of the embodiment is reduced by more than 30%.
TABLE 2 mechanical Property test results at different temperatures
Example three:
according to another preferred embodiment of the solid solution cooling device and the method for the variable cross-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part, the structure, the solid solution cooling method, the principle, the beneficial effects and the like of the solid solution cooling device are the same as those of the first embodiment or the second embodiment, and the difference is as follows:
in the first step, the thickness a of the shaft portion is 20mm, the thickness B of the journal portion is 30mm, the distance L between the inner wall of the shaft portion and the vertical surface is 30mm, and the distance H between the inner wall of the journal portion and the inclined surface is 25 mm.
In the second step, the inclination angle of the inclined fan is 80 degrees; the rotating speed adjusting range of the horizontal fan and the rotating speed adjusting range of the inclined fan are both 100 percent. The distance between the horizontal fan and the outer wall of the shaft part of the variable-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part is 100cm, and the distance between the inclined fan and the inner wall of the shaft neck part of the variable-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part is 50 cm.
In the third step, the process of solution treatment is as follows: when the furnace temperature of the heat treatment furnace is lower than 200 ℃, putting the variable-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part into the furnace; heating to 500 ℃ at the heating rate of 4.2 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 1 h; continuously heating to 700 ℃ at the heating rate of 1.7 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 2 h; continuously heating to 900 ℃ at the heating rate of 3.3 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 1 h; continuously heating to the solution treatment temperature of 1200 ℃ at the heating rate of 4.0 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 1 h; and discharging the variable-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft piece subjected to the solution treatment out of the furnace, and carrying out subsequent cooling treatment.
In the fourth step, the transfer time of transferring the variable-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part from the heat treatment furnace to the bearing support of the shaft part is 100 s.
In the fifth step, the rotating speed of the rotary air-cooling platform is 30 r/min; the set temperature of the cooling treatment was 300 ℃.
In the sixth step, the aging treatment process comprises the following steps: when the furnace temperature of the heat treatment furnace is lower than 200 ℃, putting the cooled variable-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part into the furnace; heating to 400 ℃ at the heating rate of 3.3 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 1 h; continuously heating to 600 ℃ at the heating rate of 1.7 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 2 h; continuously heating to the aging treatment temperature of 700 ℃ at the heating rate of 2.3 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 20 h; cooling at a cooling rate of 15 ℃/h, and cooling the shaft part along with the furnace.
The shaft part manufactured by the solid solution cooling device and the method thereof has uniform internal organizational structures and uniform mechanical properties of the shaft part and the shaft neck part, and the mechanical properties meet index requirements.
Example four:
according to another preferred embodiment of the solid solution cooling device and the method for the variable cross-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part, the structure, the solid solution cooling method, the principle, the beneficial effects and the like of the solid solution cooling device are the same as those of the first embodiment or the second embodiment, and the difference is that:
in the first step, the thickness a of the shaft portion is 30mm, the thickness B of the journal portion is 20mm, the distance L between the inner wall of the shaft portion and the vertical surface is 25mm, and the distance H between the inner wall of the journal portion and the inclined surface is 30 mm.
In the second step, the inclination angle of the inclined fan is 20 degrees; the rotating speed adjusting ranges of the horizontal fan and the inclined fan are both 20%. The distance between the horizontal fan and the outer wall of the shaft part of the variable-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part is 80cm, and the distance between the inclined fan and the inner wall of the shaft neck part of the variable-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part is 50 cm.
In the third step, the process of solution treatment is as follows: when the furnace temperature of the heat treatment furnace is lower than 200 ℃, putting the variable-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part into the furnace; heating to 500 ℃ at the heating rate of 1.7 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 2 h; continuously heating to 700 ℃ at the heating rate of 3.3 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 1 h; continuously heating to 900 ℃ at the heating rate of 1.7 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 2 h; continuously heating to the solution treatment temperature of 950 ℃ at the heating rate of 1.7 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 4 h; and discharging the variable-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft piece subjected to the solution treatment out of the furnace, and carrying out subsequent cooling treatment.
In the fourth step, the transferring time for transferring the variable-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part from the heat treatment furnace to the bearing support of the shaft part is 300 s.
In the fifth step, the rotating speed of the rotary air-cooling platform is 5 r/min; the set temperature of the cooling treatment was 600 ℃.
In the sixth step, the aging treatment process comprises the following steps: when the furnace temperature of the heat treatment furnace is lower than 200 ℃, putting the cooled variable-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part into the furnace; heating to 400 ℃ at the heating rate of 1.7 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 2 h; continuously heating to 600 ℃ at the heating rate of 3.3 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 1 h; continuously heating to the aging treatment temperature of 870 ℃ at the heating rate of 1.1 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 8 h; cooling at a cooling rate of 16 ℃/h, and cooling the shaft part along with the furnace.
The shaft part manufactured by the solid solution cooling device and the method of the embodiment has uniform internal tissue structures and uniform mechanical properties of the shaft part and the journal part, and the mechanical properties meet index requirements.
Example five:
according to another preferred embodiment of the solid solution cooling device and the method for the variable cross-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part, the structure, the solid solution cooling method, the principle, the beneficial effects and the like of the solid solution cooling device are the same as those of the first embodiment or the second embodiment, and the difference is that: the thickness a of the shaft portion is 45mm, the thickness B of the journal portion is 45mm, the distance L between the inner wall of the shaft portion and the vertical surface is 20mm, and the distance H between the inner wall of the journal portion and the inclined surface is 20 mm.
Example six:
according to another preferred embodiment of the solid solution cooling device and the method for the variable cross-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part, the structure, the solid solution cooling method, the principle, the beneficial effects and the like of the solid solution cooling device are the same as those of the first embodiment or the second embodiment, and the difference is that: the thickness A of the shaft portion is 45mm, the thickness B of the journal portion is 50mm, the distance L between the inner wall of the shaft portion and the vertical surface is 20mm, and the distance H between the inner wall of the journal portion and the inclined surface is 15 mm.
Example seven:
according to another preferred embodiment of the solid solution cooling device and the method for the variable cross-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part, the structure, the solid solution cooling method, the principle, the beneficial effects and the like of the solid solution cooling device are the same as those of the first embodiment or the second embodiment, and the difference is that: the thickness A of the shaft portion is 45mm, the thickness B of the journal portion is 45mm, the distance L between the inner wall of the shaft portion and the vertical surface is 18mm, and the distance H between the inner wall of the journal portion and the inclined surface is 20 mm.
Example eight:
according to another preferred embodiment of the solid solution cooling device and the method for the variable cross-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part, the structure, the solid solution cooling method, the principle, the beneficial effects and the like of the solid solution cooling device are the same as those of the first embodiment or the second embodiment, and the difference is that: the thickness A of the shaft portion is 50mm, the thickness B of the journal portion is 45mm, the distance L between the inner wall of the shaft portion and the vertical surface is 18mm, and the distance H between the inner wall of the journal portion and the inclined surface is 18 mm.
Example nine:
according to another preferred embodiment of the solid solution cooling device and the method for the variable cross-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part, the structure, the solid solution cooling method, the principle, the beneficial effects and the like of the solid solution cooling device are the same as those of the first embodiment or the second embodiment, and the difference is that: the thickness of the shaft portion A is 35mm, the thickness of the journal portion B is 45mm, the distance L between the inner wall of the shaft portion and the vertical surface is 20mm, and the distance H between the inner wall of the journal portion and the inclined surface is 10 mm.
Example ten:
according to another preferred embodiment of the solid solution cooling device and the method for the variable cross-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part, the structure, the solid solution cooling method, the principle, the beneficial effects and the like of the solid solution cooling device are the same as those of the first embodiment or the second embodiment, and the difference is as follows: the thickness of the shaft portion A is 50mm, the thickness of the journal portion B is 25mm, the distance L between the inner wall of the shaft portion and the vertical surface is 15mm, and the distance H between the inner wall of the journal portion and the inclined surface is 25 mm.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the solution cooling apparatus for a shaft of a nickel-base superalloy with a variable cross-section and method thereof according to the present invention comprises any combination of the above summary and detailed description of the invention in the description of the invention and the portions shown in the drawings, which are not described in detail and are not intended to simplify the description. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a solid solution cooling device of variable cross section nickel base superalloy axle class piece, includes rotatory forced air cooling platform, horizontal fan and slope fan, its characterized in that: a heat absorption block bearing support column is vertically arranged at the center of the rotary air-cooling platform, a shaft bearing support column is vertically arranged at the position, close to the edge, of the rotary air-cooling platform along the circumferential direction, and the height of the heat absorption block bearing support column is the same as that of the shaft bearing support column; and a variable-section radiation heat absorption block is arranged above the heat absorption block bearing support.
2. The solid solution cooling device for the variable cross-section nickel-base high-temperature alloy shaft part as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the horizontal fan is an air volume adjustable fan and is arranged along the horizontal direction; the inclined fan is an air quantity adjustable fan, and the inclination angle of the inclined fan is-90 degrees.
3. A solid solution cooling method for variable cross-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft parts is characterized by comprising the following steps: the solid solution cooling device using the variable cross-section nickel-base superalloy shaft part as claimed in claim 1 or 2, comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: selecting a variable cross-section radiation heat absorption block matched with the variable cross-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part to be subjected to solution cooling according to the shape and size of the variable cross-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part; installing the variable-section radiation heat absorption block on a heat absorption block bearing support of a solid solution cooling device; adjusting the solid solution cooling device to be in a horizontal position;
step two: selecting the placement positions of a horizontal fan and an inclined fan matched with the variable cross-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part to be subjected to solution cooling and the rotating speeds of the horizontal fan and the inclined fan matched with the variable cross-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part to be subjected to solution cooling according to the shape and the size of the variable cross-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part to be subjected to solution cooling;
step three: putting the variable-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part into a heat treatment furnace for solution treatment until the strengthening phase gamma' phase of the variable-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part is partially or completely dissolved;
step four: after the solution treatment is finished, taking the variable-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft out of the heat treatment furnace, and transferring the variable-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft to a shaft bearing support of a solution cooling device within a certain time;
step five: starting a rotary air cooling platform, a horizontal fan and an inclined fan, and cooling the variable-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part until the variable-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part is cooled to a set temperature;
step six: and after the cooling treatment is finished, putting the variable-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part into a heat treatment furnace for aging treatment.
4. The solution cooling method for the variable cross-section nickel-base high-temperature alloy shaft part as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: in the first step, the shape of the outer wall of the variable cross-section radiation heat absorption block is matched with the shape of the inner wall of the variable cross-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part, and a certain distance is reserved between the variable cross-section radiation heat absorption block and the variable cross-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part.
5. The solution cooling method for the variable cross-section nickel-base high-temperature alloy shaft part as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: a certain distance L is reserved between the vertical surface of the variable cross-section radiation heat absorption block and the inner wall of the shaft part of the variable cross-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part; a certain distance H is reserved between the inclined plane of the variable cross-section radiation heat absorption block and the inner wall of the shaft neck part of the variable cross-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part;
when A is more than or equal to 20mm and less than or equal to 40mm, L is more than or equal to 50 mm-A and less than or equal to 55 mm-A;
when A is more than 40mm, L is more than or equal to 10mm and less than or equal to 20 mm;
when B is more than or equal to 20mm and less than or equal to 40mm, H is more than or equal to 50 mm-B and less than or equal to 55 mm-B;
when B is more than 40mm, H is more than or equal to 10mm and less than or equal to 20 mm.
Wherein, the axial region wall thickness is A, the journal part wall thickness is B, the distance between axial region inner wall and the vertical face is L, the distance between journal part inner wall and the inclined plane is H.
6. The solution cooling method for the variable cross-section nickel-base high-temperature alloy shaft part as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: in the second step, the inclination angle of the inclined fan is 20-80 degrees or-80 degrees to-20 degrees; the rotating speed adjusting ranges of the horizontal fan and the inclined fan are both 20% -100%.
7. The solution cooling method for the variable cross-section nickel-base high-temperature alloy shaft part as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: in the third step, the temperature of the solid solution treatment is 950 ℃ to 1200 ℃, and the time of the solid solution treatment is 1h to 4 h.
8. The solution cooling method for the variable cross-section nickel-base high-temperature alloy shaft part as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: in the fourth step, the transferring time of the variable cross-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part from the heat treatment furnace to the bearing support of the shaft part is 30-300 s.
9. The solution cooling method for the variable cross-section nickel-base high-temperature alloy shaft part as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: in the fifth step, the rotating speed of the rotary air-cooling platform is 5 r/min-30 r/min; the set temperature of the cooling treatment is 300 ℃ to 600 ℃.
10. The solution cooling method for the variable cross-section nickel-base high-temperature alloy shaft part as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: in the sixth step, the temperature of the aging treatment is 700-870 ℃, and the time of the aging treatment is 8-20 h.
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| CN102676784A (en) * | 2012-05-09 | 2012-09-19 | 陕西北方动力有限责任公司 | Stagger crankshaft connecting rod neck quenching method based on KWH (Kilowatt Hour) semiautomatic quenching machine tool |
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