CN115029534B - Solid solution cooling device and method for variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft component - Google Patents
Solid solution cooling device and method for variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft component Download PDFInfo
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- CN115029534B CN115029534B CN202210730375.8A CN202210730375A CN115029534B CN 115029534 B CN115029534 B CN 115029534B CN 202210730375 A CN202210730375 A CN 202210730375A CN 115029534 B CN115029534 B CN 115029534B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/28—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for plain shafts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/10—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of nickel or cobalt or alloys based thereon
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The invention discloses a solid solution cooling device and a solid solution cooling method for a variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft component. The method comprises the following steps: according to the shape and the size of the variable cross-section nickel-based superalloy shaft piece needing solid solution cooling, selecting a variable cross-section radiation heat absorption block matched with the variable cross-section nickel-based superalloy shaft piece, the placement positions of two fans and the rotating speeds of the two fans; placing the shaft parts into a heat treatment furnace for solid solution treatment, taking out the shaft parts after the solid solution treatment is finished, transferring the shaft parts to a solid solution cooling device, and cooling the shaft parts; and (5) placing the shaft parts into a heat treatment furnace for ageing treatment. The invention can realize the targeted establishment of a solid solution cooling scheme according to the complex structures of the shaft part and the journal part of the shaft part, can effectively improve the uniformity of the structure and the uniformity of the mechanical property of each part of the shaft part, reduces the residual stress and meets the metallurgical quality requirement of an advanced engine on the shaft part.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of heat treatment of high-temperature alloy, and particularly relates to a solid solution cooling device and a solid solution cooling method for a variable-section nickel-based high-temperature alloy shaft part.
Background
The turbine shaft part is an important transmission part which is common on the engine and used for guaranteeing safe and stable operation of the engine, and the quality of the turbine shaft part directly influences the performance of the engine. The shaft parts on the advanced engine are usually prepared from nickel-based superalloy, and the structure and the performance of the shaft parts mainly depend on a heat treatment process.
The heat treatment process of the nickel-based superalloy mainly comprises solution treatment and aging treatment. Gamma' (Ni 3 Al) phase is the most important strengthening phase of the nickel-base superalloy, and the gamma' phase in the alloy is fully or partially dissolved back into the matrix by solution treatment, and then re-precipitated in the solution cooling process. The form, quantity, size, distribution and the like of the precipitated gamma 'phases are determined by the solid solution cooling mode and process, a small amount of precipitated gamma' phases can be supplemented in the subsequent aging treatment process, and the final mechanical properties of the nickel-base superalloy are determined together.
The solid solution cooling mode of the nickel-based superalloy generally comprises oil quenching, air cooling and the like, and the cooling effects are different. The oil quenching cooling capacity is the strongest, the mechanical property can meet the index requirement, but the oil quenching can lead to larger residual stress and quenching crack risk; the cooling capacity of air cooling is the weakest, the mechanical property can not meet the index requirement, and the cooling time is longer; the cooling capacity of air cooling is between oil quenching and air cooling, and the ideal comprehensive performance can be realized under the condition of ensuring the quenching integrity of shaft parts.
The nickel-based superalloy shaft component consists of a shaft and a shaft neck, and has the characteristics of variable cross section, complex structure and thin wall and easy deformation. When the nickel-based superalloy shaft piece is subjected to solid solution cooling in a conventional oil quenching mode, the cooling speed of each part of the shaft piece is uneven due to the specificity of the structure and the shape of the nickel-based superalloy shaft piece, so that the structure of the shaft piece is uneven, and the shaft part and the shaft neck part are extremely easy to crack due to overlarge stress caused by overlarge cooling speed, so that the workpiece is scrapped. Therefore, there is a strong need to design a solid solution cooling device and a solid solution cooling method suitable for variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft components.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a solid solution cooling device for a variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft component, which comprises a rotary air cooling platform, a horizontal fan and an inclined fan; the central position of the rotary air cooling platform is vertically provided with a heat absorption block bearing support column, the position of the rotary air cooling platform close to the edge is vertically provided with a shaft part bearing support column along the circumferential direction, and the heights of the heat absorption block bearing support column and the shaft part bearing support column are the same; and a variable-section radiation heat absorption block is arranged above the heat absorption block bearing support column.
The variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft component is placed above the shaft component bearing support column and comprises a shaft portion and a shaft neck portion, and the variable-section radiation heat absorption block comprises a vertical surface and an inclined surface.
Preferably, the horizontal fan is an adjustable air quantity type fan, and is arranged along the horizontal direction; the inclined fan is an adjustable air quantity type fan, and the inclined angle of the inclined fan is 90 degrees below zero to 90 degrees below zero.
In any of the above aspects, preferably, the heat absorbing block carrying strut is one; the number of the shaft bearing struts is at least three.
The solid solution cooling device for the variable-section nickel-base superalloy shaft piece has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation and high cooling efficiency, and is suitable for air cooling treatment of the nickel-base superalloy shaft piece, in particular for air cooling treatment of hollow shaft pieces.
The invention also provides a solid solution cooling method for the variable-section nickel-base superalloy shaft component, which uses any one of the solid solution cooling devices for the variable-section nickel-base superalloy shaft component and comprises the following steps:
step one: according to the shape and the size of the variable cross-section nickel-based superalloy shaft component needing solid solution cooling, selecting a variable cross-section radiation heat absorption block matched with the variable cross-section nickel-based superalloy shaft component; the variable-section radiation heat absorption block is arranged on a heat absorption block bearing support column of the solid solution cooling device; adjusting the solid solution cooling device to be in a horizontal position;
step two: according to the shape and the size of the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft component needing solid solution cooling, the placement positions of the horizontal fan and the inclined fan matched with the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft component and the rotating speeds of the horizontal fan and the inclined fan matched with the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft component are selected;
step three: putting the variable-section nickel-base superalloy shaft component into a heat treatment furnace for solid solution treatment until the strengthening phase gamma' of the variable-section nickel-base superalloy shaft component is partially or completely dissolved;
step four: after the solution treatment is finished, taking the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft piece out of the heat treatment furnace, and transferring the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft piece to a shaft piece bearing support of a solution cooling device within a certain time;
step five: starting a rotary air cooling platform, a horizontal fan and an inclined fan, and cooling the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft component until the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft component is cooled to a set temperature;
step six: and after the cooling treatment is finished, the variable-section nickel-base superalloy shaft component is placed into a heat treatment furnace for aging treatment.
According to the variable-section nickel-base superalloy shaft component, the variable-section radiation heat absorption block is adopted, and the two adjustable air quantity fans are arranged, so that the cooling speed of each part can be adjusted according to the shapes and the sizes of different types of nickel-base superalloy shaft components, the precipitation rule of a strengthening phase gamma' is controlled, the problems of uneven structure and overlarge residual stress of the variable-section nickel-base superalloy shaft components caused by a complex structure are solved, and the variable-section nickel-base superalloy shaft components with excellent comprehensive performance are obtained.
Preferably, in the first step, the shape of the outer wall of the variable-section radiation heat absorbing block is matched with the shape of the inner wall of the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft component, and a certain distance is reserved between the variable-section radiation heat absorbing block and the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft component. The variable-section radiation heat absorption block is made of nickel alloy material, the horizontal height of the variable-section radiation heat absorption block is not lower than that of the variable-section nickel-base superalloy shaft, and the external diameter of the variable-section radiation heat absorption block is smaller than the internal diameter of the variable-section nickel-base superalloy shaft. The variable cross-section radiation heat absorption block can absorb heat emitted by the inner wall of the shaft part, so that the cooling rate of the inner wall and the outer wall of the shaft part is consistent, and the whole structure of the shaft part is more uniform and the mechanical property is more uniform.
In any of the above schemes, it is preferable that a certain distance is formed between the vertical surface of the variable-section radiation heat absorbing block and the inner wall of the shaft part of the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft component; the inclined surface of the variable-section radiation heat absorption block is a certain distance from the inner wall of the shaft neck part of the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft.
The thickness of the shaft part is A, the thickness of the shaft neck part is B, the distance between the inner wall of the shaft part and the vertical surface is L, and the distance between the inner wall of the shaft neck part and the inclined surface is H.
When A is more than or equal to 20mm and less than or equal to 40mm, L is more than or equal to 50mm-A and less than or equal to 55mm-A;
when A is more than 40mm, L is more than or equal to 10mm and less than or equal to 20mm;
when B is more than or equal to 20mm and less than or equal to 40mm, H is more than or equal to 50mm and less than or equal to 55mm-B;
when B is more than 40mm, H is more than or equal to 10mm and less than or equal to 20mm.
In any of the above schemes, preferably, in the second step, the inclination angle of the inclined fan is 20 ° to 80 ° or-80 ° to-20 °; the rotating speed adjusting ranges of the horizontal fan and the inclined fan are 20% -100%.
The horizontal fan and the inclined fan are both air quantity adjustable fans, the maximum rotating speed is not less than 500r/min, and the maximum flow is not less than 25000m 3 And/h. The horizontal fan is arranged along the horizontal direction and is used for cooling the outer wall of the shaft part of the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft part; the inclined fan is arranged along the direction of the inclined angle and used for cooling the transformerThe inner wall of the shaft neck part of the section nickel-based superalloy shaft component. The inclination angle of the inclined fan is adjustable, and if the shaft part of the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft part is arranged above the shaft neck part, the inclination angle is 20-80 degrees; if the shaft part of the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft is below the shaft neck part, the inclination angle is-80 degrees to-20 degrees.
The horizontal fans are at a certain distance from the outer wall of the shaft part of the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft part, the inclined fans are at a certain distance from the inner wall of the shaft neck part of the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft part, the distance is generally 30 cm-100 cm, and the distance between the two fans and the outer wall of the shaft part and the inner wall of the shaft neck part can be adjusted by adjusting parameters such as the rotating speed and the flow of the two fans.
In any of the above-mentioned embodiments, preferably, in the third step, the solution treatment temperature is 950 to 1200 ℃, and the solution treatment heat-preserving time is 1 to 4 hours.
The solid solution treatment process comprises the following steps: when the furnace temperature of the heat treatment furnace is lower than 200 ℃, feeding the variable-section nickel-base superalloy shaft component into the furnace; heating to 500 ℃ at a heating rate of 1.7 ℃/min to 4.2 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 1h to 2h; continuously heating to 700 ℃ at a heating rate of 1.7 ℃/min to 3.3 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 1h to 2h; continuously heating to 900 ℃ at a heating rate of 1.7 ℃/min to 3.3 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 1h to 2h; continuously heating to 950-1200 ℃ at a heating rate of 1.7-4.0 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 1-4 h; and discharging the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft piece subjected to solution treatment from the furnace, and carrying out subsequent cooling treatment.
In any of the above-mentioned aspects, preferably, in the fourth step, the transfer time for transferring the variable cross-section nickel-base superalloy shaft member from the heat treatment furnace to the shaft member carrying support column is 30s to 300s.
In any of the above schemes, preferably, in the fifth step, the rotation speed of the rotary air cooling platform is 5 r/min-30 r/min; the set temperature of the cooling treatment is 300-600 ℃. The rotary air cooling platform bears the variable cross-section nickel-based superalloy shaft piece and the variable cross-section radiation heat absorption block to rotate together, and along with the rotation of the rotary air cooling platform, two fans blow to the shaft piece at the same time in different directions, and then the heat absorption effect of the variable cross-section radiation heat absorption block is matched, so that the inside and outside of the whole shaft piece are cooled.
In any of the above schemes, preferably, in the step six, the aging treatment temperature is 700-870 ℃, and the aging treatment heat preservation time is 8-20 h.
The aging treatment process comprises the following steps: when the furnace temperature of the heat treatment furnace is lower than 200 ℃, feeding the cooled variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft component into the furnace; heating to 400 ℃ at a heating rate of 1.7 ℃/min to 3.3 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 1h to 2h; continuously heating to 600 ℃ at a heating rate of 1.7 ℃/min to 3.3 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 1h to 2h; continuously heating to the ageing treatment temperature of 700-870 ℃ at the heating rate of 1.1-2.3 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 8-20 h; cooling at a cooling rate of not higher than 20 ℃/h, and cooling the shaft parts along with the furnace.
The solid solution cooling device and the method for the variable-section nickel-base superalloy shaft component can be used for making a solid solution cooling scheme according to the complex structure of the shaft part and the shaft neck part of the variable-section nickel-base superalloy shaft component in a targeted manner, can effectively improve the tissue uniformity of each part of the nickel-base superalloy shaft component and the mechanical property uniformity of each part, reduce the residual stress, and meet the metallurgical quality requirement of an advanced engine on the shaft component.
The technical scheme of the invention relates to a plurality of parameters, and the beneficial effects and remarkable progress of the invention can be obtained by comprehensively considering the synergistic effect among the parameters. In addition, the value ranges of all the parameters in the technical scheme are obtained through a large number of tests, and aiming at each parameter and the mutual combination of all the parameters, the inventor records a large number of test data, and the specific test data are not disclosed herein for a limited period of time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a solution cooling apparatus and method according to the present invention in a preferred embodiment of the solution cooling apparatus for a variable cross-section nickel-base superalloy shaft component;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the solution cooling apparatus of the embodiment of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a metallographic view of the shaft structure of the variable cross-section nickel-base superalloy shaft component of the embodiment of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a metallographic photograph of the journal portion structure of the variable cross-section nickel-base superalloy shaft component in the embodiment of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a scanning electron microscope photograph of the axial structure of the variable cross-section nickel-base superalloy axial component in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a scanning electron microscope photograph of the journal portion structure of the variable cross-section nickel-base superalloy shaft component in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1.
The reference numerals in the drawings indicate: the device comprises a 1-rotary air cooling platform, a 2-horizontal fan, a 3-inclined fan, a 4-heat absorption block bearing pillar, a 5-shaft part bearing pillar, a 6-variable cross-section radiation heat absorption block, a 7-variable cross-section nickel-based superalloy shaft part, an 8-shaft part, a 9-journal part, a 10-vertical surface and an 11-inclined surface.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples.
Embodiment one:
as shown in fig. 1-2, a preferred embodiment of a solution cooling device for a variable cross-section nickel-base superalloy shaft component according to the present invention comprises a rotary air cooling platform 1, a horizontal fan 2 and an inclined fan 3; the center position of the rotary air cooling platform 1 is vertically provided with a heat absorption block bearing support column 4, the position of the rotary air cooling platform 1 close to the edge is vertically provided with a shaft piece bearing support column 5 along the circumferential direction, and the heights of the heat absorption block bearing support column 4 and the shaft piece bearing support column 5 are the same; and a variable-section radiation heat absorption block 6 is arranged above the heat absorption block bearing support column 4. The heat absorption block bearing support column is one; the number of the bearing struts of the shaft parts is four, and the bearing struts are arranged at equal intervals along the axial direction.
The variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft component 7 is placed above the shaft component bearing support 5, the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft component 7 comprises a shaft portion 8 and a shaft neck portion 9, and the variable-section radiation heat absorption block 6 comprises a vertical surface 10 and an inclined surface 11.
The embodiment also provides a solid solution cooling method for the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft piece, wherein the shaft piece is prepared by adopting powder superalloy FGH96, and the solid solution cooling device for the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft piece comprises the following steps in sequence:
step one: according to the shape and the size of the variable cross-section nickel-based superalloy shaft component needing solid solution cooling, selecting a variable cross-section radiation heat absorption block matched with the variable cross-section nickel-based superalloy shaft component; the variable-section radiation heat absorption block is arranged on a heat absorption block bearing support column of the solid solution cooling device; adjusting the solid solution cooling device to be in a horizontal position;
step two: according to the shape and the size of the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft component needing solid solution cooling, the placement positions of the horizontal fan and the inclined fan matched with the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft component and the rotating speeds of the horizontal fan and the inclined fan matched with the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft component are selected;
step three: putting the variable-section nickel-base superalloy shaft component into a heat treatment furnace for solid solution treatment until the strengthening phase gamma' of the variable-section nickel-base superalloy shaft component is partially or completely dissolved;
step four: after the solution treatment is finished, taking the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft piece out of the heat treatment furnace, and transferring the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft piece to a shaft piece bearing support of a solution cooling device within a certain time;
step five: starting a rotary air cooling platform, a horizontal fan and an inclined fan, and cooling the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft component until the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft component is cooled to a set temperature;
step six: and after the cooling treatment is finished, the variable-section nickel-base superalloy shaft component is placed into a heat treatment furnace for aging treatment.
In the first step, the shape of the outer wall of the variable-section radiation heat absorption block is matched with the shape of the inner wall of the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft component. A certain distance is reserved between the vertical surface of the variable-section radiation heat absorption block and the inner wall of the shaft part of the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft part; the inclined surface of the variable-section radiation heat absorption block is a certain distance from the inner wall of the shaft neck part of the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft. The variable-section radiation heat absorption block is made of nickel alloy material, the horizontal height of the variable-section radiation heat absorption block is not lower than that of the variable-section nickel-base superalloy shaft, and the external diameter of the variable-section radiation heat absorption block is smaller than the internal diameter of the variable-section nickel-base superalloy shaft.
In this embodiment, the shaft portion wall thickness a=40 mm, the journal portion wall thickness b=40 mm, the distance l=15 mm between the shaft portion inner wall and the vertical surface, and the distance h=15 mm between the journal portion inner wall and the inclined surface.
In the second step, the inclination angle of the inclined fan is 45 degrees; the rotating speed adjusting ranges of the horizontal fan and the inclined fan are 80%.
The horizontal fan and the inclined fan are both air quantity adjustable fans, the maximum rotating speed is not less than 500r/min, and the maximum flow is not less than 25000m 3 And/h. The horizontal fan is arranged along the horizontal direction and is used for cooling the outer wall of the shaft part of the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft part; the inclined fan is arranged along the direction of the inclined angle and is used for cooling the inner wall of the shaft neck part of the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft. The distance between the horizontal fan and the outer wall of the shaft part of the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft part is 50cm, and the distance between the inclined fan and the inner wall of the shaft neck part of the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft part is 30cm.
In the third step, the solution treatment process is as follows: when the furnace temperature of the heat treatment furnace is lower than 200 ℃, feeding the variable-section nickel-base superalloy shaft component into the furnace; heating to 500 ℃ at a heating rate of 3.0 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 1.5h; continuously heating to 700 ℃ at a heating rate of 2.5 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 1.5h; continuously heating to 900 ℃ at a heating rate of 2.5 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 1.5h; continuously heating to the solution treatment temperature 1160 ℃ at the heating rate of 2.8 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 3h; and discharging the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft piece subjected to solution treatment from the furnace, and carrying out subsequent cooling treatment.
And step four, transferring the variable-section nickel-base superalloy shaft piece from the heat treatment furnace to a shaft piece bearing support column for 150 seconds.
In the fifth step, the rotating speed of the rotary air cooling platform is 20r/min; the set temperature for the cooling treatment was 450 ℃.
In the sixth step, the aging treatment process is as follows: when the furnace temperature of the heat treatment furnace is lower than 200 ℃, feeding the cooled variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft component into the furnace; heating to 400 ℃ at a heating rate of 2.5 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 1.5h; continuously heating to 600 ℃ at a heating rate of 2.5 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 1.5h; continuously heating to the ageing treatment temperature of 760 ℃ at the heating rate of 1.7 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 10h; cooling at a cooling rate of 18 ℃/h, and cooling the shaft parts along with the furnace.
In this embodiment, a plurality of samples are taken at the shaft portion and the journal portion, respectively, for tissue testing and mechanical property testing. As shown in fig. 3 to 6, the shaft parts and the shaft neck parts of the shaft parts manufactured by the solid solution cooling device and the method according to the embodiment have uniform internal tissue structures and uniform mechanical properties, and the mechanical properties meet the index requirements, and table 1 shows the mechanical property test results at different temperatures. Compared with oil quenching treatment, the residual stress of the shaft part manufactured by the solid solution cooling method is reduced by more than 30%.
TABLE 1 mechanical test results at different temperatures
According to the solid solution cooling device and the method for the variable-section nickel-base superalloy shaft piece, a solid solution cooling scheme can be formulated in a targeted manner according to the complex structure of the shaft part and the shaft neck part of the variable-section nickel-base superalloy shaft piece, the tissue uniformity of each part of the nickel-base superalloy shaft piece and the mechanical property uniformity of each part can be effectively improved, the residual stress is reduced, and the metallurgical quality requirement of an advanced engine on the shaft piece is met.
Embodiment two:
according to another preferred embodiment of the solution cooling device and the method thereof for the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft component, the structure, the solution cooling method, the principle, the beneficial effects and the like of the solution cooling device are the same as those of the first embodiment, except that: the variable cross-section nickel-based superalloy shaft component is prepared from powder superalloy GH 4169.
In this embodiment, a plurality of samples are taken at the shaft portion and the journal portion, respectively, for tissue testing and mechanical property testing. The shaft part and the shaft neck part of the shaft part manufactured by the solid solution cooling device and the method have uniform internal tissue structure and uniform mechanical property, the mechanical property meets the index requirement, and the table 2 shows the mechanical property test results at different temperatures. Compared with oil quenching treatment, the residual stress of the shaft part manufactured by the solid solution cooling method is reduced by more than 30%.
TABLE 2 mechanical test results at different temperatures
Embodiment III:
according to another preferred embodiment of the solution cooling device and the method thereof for the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft component, the structure, the solution cooling method, the principle, the beneficial effects and the like of the solution cooling device are the same as those of the first embodiment or the second embodiment, except that:
in the first step, the shaft portion wall thickness a=20 mm, the journal portion wall thickness b=30 mm, the distance l=30 mm between the shaft portion inner wall and the vertical surface, and the distance h=25 mm between the journal portion inner wall and the inclined surface.
In the second step, the inclination angle of the inclined fan is 80 degrees; the rotating speed adjusting ranges of the horizontal fan and the inclined fan are 100%. The distance between the horizontal fan and the outer wall of the shaft part of the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft part is 100cm, and the distance between the inclined fan and the inner wall of the shaft neck part of the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft part is 50cm.
In the third step, the solution treatment process is as follows: when the furnace temperature of the heat treatment furnace is lower than 200 ℃, feeding the variable-section nickel-base superalloy shaft component into the furnace; heating to 500 ℃ at a heating rate of 4.2 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 1h; continuously heating to 700 ℃ at a heating rate of 1.7 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 2 hours; continuously heating to 900 ℃ at a heating rate of 3.3 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 1h; continuously heating to 1200 ℃ at the solution treatment temperature at the heating rate of 4.0 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 1h; and discharging the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft piece subjected to solution treatment from the furnace, and carrying out subsequent cooling treatment.
And step four, transferring the variable-section nickel-base superalloy shaft piece from the heat treatment furnace to a shaft piece bearing support column for 100s.
In the fifth step, the rotating speed of the rotary air cooling platform is 30r/min; the set temperature for the cooling treatment was 300 ℃.
In the sixth step, the aging treatment process is as follows: when the furnace temperature of the heat treatment furnace is lower than 200 ℃, feeding the cooled variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft component into the furnace; heating to 400 ℃ at a heating rate of 3.3 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 1h; continuously heating to 600 ℃ at a heating rate of 1.7 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 2 hours; continuously heating to the ageing treatment temperature of 700 ℃ at the heating rate of 2.3 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 20h; cooling at a cooling rate of 15 ℃/h, and cooling the shaft parts along with the furnace.
The shaft part and the shaft neck part of the shaft part manufactured by the solid solution cooling device and the method have uniform internal tissue structure and uniform mechanical property, and the mechanical property meets the index requirement.
Embodiment four:
according to another preferred embodiment of the solution cooling device and the method thereof for the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft component, the structure, the solution cooling method, the principle, the beneficial effects and the like of the solution cooling device are the same as those of the first embodiment or the second embodiment, except that:
in the first step, the shaft portion wall thickness a=30 mm, the journal portion wall thickness b=20 mm, the distance l=25 mm between the shaft portion inner wall and the vertical surface, and the distance h=30 mm between the journal portion inner wall and the inclined surface.
In the second step, the inclination angle of the inclined fan is 20 degrees; the rotating speed adjusting ranges of the horizontal fan and the inclined fan are 20%. The distance between the horizontal fan and the outer wall of the shaft part of the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft part is 80cm, and the distance between the inclined fan and the inner wall of the shaft neck part of the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft part is 50cm.
In the third step, the solution treatment process is as follows: when the furnace temperature of the heat treatment furnace is lower than 200 ℃, feeding the variable-section nickel-base superalloy shaft component into the furnace; heating to 500 ℃ at a heating rate of 1.7 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 2 hours; continuously heating to 700 ℃ at a heating rate of 3.3 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 1h; continuously heating to 900 ℃ at a heating rate of 1.7 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 2 hours; continuously heating to 950 ℃ of solution treatment temperature at a heating rate of 1.7 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 4 hours; and discharging the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft piece subjected to solution treatment from the furnace, and carrying out subsequent cooling treatment.
And step four, transferring the variable-section nickel-base superalloy shaft piece from the heat treatment furnace to a shaft piece bearing support column for 300s.
In the fifth step, the rotating speed of the rotary air cooling platform is 5r/min; the set temperature for the cooling treatment was 600 ℃.
In the sixth step, the aging treatment process is as follows: when the furnace temperature of the heat treatment furnace is lower than 200 ℃, feeding the cooled variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft component into the furnace; heating to 400 ℃ at a heating rate of 1.7 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 2 hours; continuously heating to 600 ℃ at a heating rate of 3.3 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 1h; continuously heating to the ageing treatment temperature of 870 ℃ at the heating rate of 1.1 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 8 hours; cooling at a cooling rate of 16 ℃/h, and cooling the shaft parts along with the furnace.
The shaft part and the shaft neck part of the shaft part manufactured by the solid solution cooling device and the method have uniform internal tissue structure and uniform mechanical property, and the mechanical property meets the index requirement.
Fifth embodiment:
according to another preferred embodiment of the solution cooling device and the method thereof for the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft component, the structure, the solution cooling method, the principle, the beneficial effects and the like of the solution cooling device are the same as those of the first embodiment or the second embodiment, except that: shaft portion wall thickness a=45 mm, journal portion wall thickness b=45 mm, distance l=20 mm between the shaft portion inner wall and the vertical surface, and distance h=20 mm between the journal portion inner wall and the inclined surface.
Example six:
according to another preferred embodiment of the solution cooling device and the method thereof for the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft component, the structure, the solution cooling method, the principle, the beneficial effects and the like of the solution cooling device are the same as those of the first embodiment or the second embodiment, except that: shaft portion wall thickness a=45 mm, journal portion wall thickness b=50 mm, distance l=20 mm between the shaft portion inner wall and the vertical surface, and distance h=15 mm between the journal portion inner wall and the inclined surface.
Embodiment seven:
according to another preferred embodiment of the solution cooling device and the method thereof for the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft component, the structure, the solution cooling method, the principle, the beneficial effects and the like of the solution cooling device are the same as those of the first embodiment or the second embodiment, except that: shaft portion wall thickness a=45 mm, journal portion wall thickness b=45 mm, distance l=18 mm between the shaft portion inner wall and the vertical surface, and distance h=20 mm between the journal portion inner wall and the inclined surface.
Example eight:
according to another preferred embodiment of the solution cooling device and the method thereof for the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft component, the structure, the solution cooling method, the principle, the beneficial effects and the like of the solution cooling device are the same as those of the first embodiment or the second embodiment, except that: shaft portion wall thickness a=50 mm, journal portion wall thickness b=45 mm, distance l=18 mm between the shaft portion inner wall and the vertical surface, and distance h=18 mm between the journal portion inner wall and the inclined surface.
Example nine:
according to another preferred embodiment of the solution cooling device and the method thereof for the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft component, the structure, the solution cooling method, the principle, the beneficial effects and the like of the solution cooling device are the same as those of the first embodiment or the second embodiment, except that: shaft portion wall thickness a=35 mm, journal portion wall thickness b=45 mm, distance l=20 mm between the shaft portion inner wall and the vertical surface, and distance h=10 mm between the journal portion inner wall and the inclined surface.
Example ten:
according to another preferred embodiment of the solution cooling device and the method thereof for the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft component, the structure, the solution cooling method, the principle, the beneficial effects and the like of the solution cooling device are the same as those of the first embodiment or the second embodiment, except that: shaft portion wall thickness a=50 mm, journal portion wall thickness b=25 mm, distance l=15 mm between the shaft portion inner wall and the vertical surface, and distance h=25 mm between the journal portion inner wall and the inclined surface.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the solution cooling apparatus and method for variable cross-section nickel-base superalloy shafts of the present invention includes any combination of the above-described summary of the invention and detailed description of the invention and the various parts shown in the drawings, and is limited in scope and does not describe each of these combinations in any way for brevity. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A solid solution cooling method for a variable cross-section nickel-based superalloy shaft component is characterized by comprising the following steps of: a solid solution cooling device for a variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft component is used, and comprises the following steps:
step one: according to the shape and the size of the variable cross-section nickel-based superalloy shaft component needing solid solution cooling, selecting a variable cross-section radiation heat absorption block matched with the variable cross-section nickel-based superalloy shaft component; the variable-section radiation heat absorption block is arranged on a heat absorption block bearing support column of the solid solution cooling device; adjusting the solid solution cooling device to be in a horizontal position;
step two: according to the shape and the size of the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft component needing solid solution cooling, the placement positions of the horizontal fan and the inclined fan matched with the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft component and the rotating speeds of the horizontal fan and the inclined fan matched with the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft component are selected;
step three: putting the variable-section nickel-base superalloy shaft component into a heat treatment furnace for solid solution treatment until the strengthening phase gamma' of the variable-section nickel-base superalloy shaft component is partially or completely dissolved;
step four: after the solution treatment is finished, taking the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft piece out of the heat treatment furnace, and transferring the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft piece to a shaft piece bearing support of a solution cooling device within a certain time;
step five: starting a rotary air cooling platform, a horizontal fan and an inclined fan, and cooling the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft component until the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft component is cooled to a set temperature;
step six: after the cooling treatment is finished, the variable cross-section nickel-based superalloy shaft component is put into a heat treatment furnace for aging treatment;
the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft component comprises a shaft part and a shaft neck part, wherein the shaft part and the shaft neck part form a hollow cavity, the shaft part is positioned above the shaft neck part and is integrally connected with the shaft part, the shaft part is vertical to a horizontal plane, and the shaft neck part is inclined outwards;
the variable-section radiation heat absorption block is placed in the hollow cavity of the variable-section nickel-base superalloy shaft, the horizontal height of the variable-section radiation heat absorption block is not lower than that of the variable-section nickel-base superalloy shaft, and the external diameter of the variable-section radiation heat absorption block is smaller than the internal diameter of the variable-section nickel-base superalloy shaft; the variable cross-section radiation heat absorption block comprises a vertical surface and an inclined surface; the variable-section radiation heat absorption block is made of nickel alloy materials;
in the first step, a certain distance L is formed between the vertical surface of the variable-section radiation heat absorption block and the inner wall of the shaft part of the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft, and a certain distance H is formed between the inclined surface of the variable-section radiation heat absorption block and the inner wall of the shaft neck part of the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft;
when A is more than or equal to 20mm and less than or equal to 40mm, L is more than or equal to 50mm-A and less than or equal to 55mm-A;
when A is more than 40mm, L is more than or equal to 10mm and less than or equal to 20mm;
when B is more than or equal to 20mm and less than or equal to 40mm, H is more than or equal to 50mm and less than or equal to 55mm-B;
when B is more than 40mm, H is more than or equal to 10mm and less than or equal to 20mm;
the wall thickness of the shaft part is A, the wall thickness of the shaft neck part is B, the distance between the inner wall of the shaft part and the vertical surface is L, and the distance between the inner wall of the shaft neck part and the inclined surface is H;
in the second step, the horizontal fan and the inclined fan are both air quantity adjustable fans, the rotating speed adjusting ranges of the horizontal fan and the inclined fan are 20% -100%, the maximum rotating speed is not less than 500r/min, and the maximum flow is not less than 25000m3/h; the horizontal fan is arranged along the horizontal direction and is used for cooling the outer wall of the shaft part of the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft part; the inclined fan is arranged along the direction of the inclined angle and is used for cooling the inner wall of the shaft neck part of the variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft; the inclination angle of the inclined fan is 20-80 degrees or-80-20 degrees;
in the fifth step, the rotating speed of the rotary air cooling platform is 5 r/min-30 r/min; the set temperature of the cooling treatment is 300-600 ℃;
the solid solution cooling device for the variable cross-section nickel-based superalloy shaft component comprises a rotary air cooling platform, a horizontal fan and an inclined fan, wherein a heat absorption block bearing support column is vertically arranged at the central position of the rotary air cooling platform, a shaft component bearing support column is vertically arranged at the position, close to the edge, of the rotary air cooling platform along the circumferential direction, the heights of the heat absorption block bearing support column and the shaft component bearing support column are the same, and a variable cross-section radiation heat absorption block is arranged above the heat absorption block bearing support column.
2. The solution cooling method for the variable cross-section nickel-base superalloy shaft component according to claim 1, wherein: in the third step, the solution treatment temperature is 950-1200 ℃, and the solution treatment heat preservation time is 1-4 h.
3. The solution cooling method for the variable cross-section nickel-base superalloy shaft component according to claim 1, wherein: and step four, transferring the variable-section nickel-base superalloy shaft piece from the heat treatment furnace to a shaft piece bearing support column for 30-300 s.
4. The solution cooling method for the variable cross-section nickel-base superalloy shaft component according to claim 1, wherein: in the sixth step, the aging treatment temperature is 700-870 ℃, and the aging treatment heat preservation time is 8-20 h.
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| CN202210730375.8A CN115029534B (en) | 2022-06-24 | 2022-06-24 | Solid solution cooling device and method for variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft component |
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| CN202210730375.8A CN115029534B (en) | 2022-06-24 | 2022-06-24 | Solid solution cooling device and method for variable-section nickel-based superalloy shaft component |
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| CN102676784B (en) * | 2012-05-09 | 2014-08-20 | 陕西北方动力有限责任公司 | Stagger crankshaft connecting rod neck quenching method based on KWH (Kilowatt Hour) semiautomatic quenching machine tool |
| CN103290196B (en) * | 2013-06-17 | 2015-07-22 | 攀钢集团成都钢钒有限公司 | Method for cooling steel tubes after normalizing |
| DE102014112968B4 (en) * | 2014-09-09 | 2017-04-20 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Method for hardening a hollow profile and hardening tool |
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| CN110184432B (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2020-10-13 | 苏州三基铸造装备股份有限公司 | Vector spraying quenching device suitable for parts with complex shapes |
| CN114350929A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-04-15 | 张家港市弘扬金属制品制造有限公司 | Cooling device and cooling method for bearing ring forging |
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