CN115026457A

CN115026457A - High-surface-tension 2xxx aluminum alloy welding wire for electric arc additive manufacturing and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN115026457A
Application number: CN202210505416.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张天理; 陈浩欣; 方乃文; 李振华; 徐锴; 武雯; 杨凯钦; 彭净净; 葛丽; 葛坤
Original assignee: Shanghai University of Engineering Science
Current assignee: Shanghai University of Engineering Science
Priority date: 2022-05-10
Filing date: 2022-05-10
Publication date: 2022-09-09
Anticipated expiration: 2042-05-10
Also published as: CN115026457B

Abstract

The invention discloses a high surface tension 2xxx series aluminum alloy welding wire for electric arc additive manufacturing and a preparation method thereof, wherein the welding wire comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 5.0 to 7.0 percent of Cu0, 0.20 to 0.30 percent of Si0, 0.05 to 0.10 percent of Mg0.20 to 0.40 percent of Mn0.20 to 0.35 percent of Fe0.25 to 0.35 percent of Zn0.10 to 0.20 percent of Ti0.10 to 0.30 percent of Sc 0.05 to 0.15 percent of Zr0.10 to 0.20 percent of Er0.05 to 0.10 percent of Zn0.01 to 0.15 percent of V0.05 to 0.15 percent of Y0.05 to 0.15 percent of the balance of Al and inevitable impurity elements, and the alloy is obtained by reasonably designing and regulating the chemical components of the welding wire and introducing surface active elements, and can obviously improve the precision of a deposition layer and the mechanical property of a printing piece when being applied to electric arc material increase manufacturing.

Description

High-surface-tension 2xxx aluminum alloy welding wire for electric arc additive manufacturing and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of electric arc additive manufacturing materials, and particularly relates to a high-surface-tension 2xxx series aluminum alloy welding wire for electric arc additive manufacturing and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The additive manufacturing is a new generation manufacturing technology with the significance of production revolution, and is a driving engine for promoting the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry. Compared with the traditional material reduction manufacturing technology, the additive manufacturing has the advantages of rapid near-net-shape forming technology, high material utilization rate, low manufacturing cost and short production period, and particularly can realize the die-free, high-freedom and customized forming of precise and complex parts. Metal additive manufacturing is mainly classified into laser additive manufacturing, electron beam additive manufacturing, and arc additive manufacturing according to a heat source. Because the aluminum alloy has special physical and chemical characteristics of high laser reflectivity, large thermal expansion coefficient, low liquid phase surface tension and the like, the problems of air holes, poor forming precision and the like are easy to occur in laser welding, the mechanical property of the joint is reduced, and the application in the industry is limited. The electric arc additive manufacturing technology has the advantages of high cladding efficiency, large molding size, mature equipment, high expandability and the like, and has wide application prospects in the field of metal structural materials.

The material increase manufacturing technology is a new technology for directly manufacturing a component by depositing filling materials layer by layer, wherein the material increase manufacturing technology is divided into two categories of powder and wire materials, the former category is not generally used at present due to complex preparation process and high equipment price, the wire material electric arc material increase manufacturing technology is a typical technology for increasing materials in a digital mode in the material increase manufacturing technology, and compared with other material increase manufacturing technologies, the electric arc material increase manufacturing technology has the advantages of high deposition efficiency, low manufacturing cost, large-size component manufacturing and the like, and has the advantages of high flexibility, high technology integration level, high material utilization rate, low equipment cost, high production efficiency and the like.

Patent application CN201811248423X discloses additive manufacturingBy using the aluminum alloy powder and the preparation method thereof, the prepared aluminum alloy additive manufacturing powder has high sphericity, the sphericity ratio is more than 95%, the particle size is within the range of 20 +/-15 mu m, the particle size distribution is narrow, the powder flowability in the additive manufacturing process is favorably improved, the effect of reducing the component segregation of the additive manufacturing parts can be effectively played, the performance of the parts is improved, and Al, Ti and B in the preparation process are optimized ₄ TiB produced by chemical reaction of C powder ₂ And TiC reinforcing particles play roles in equiaxial crystal nucleation and grain refinement in the additive manufacturing process, most grains of the prepared alloy are equiaxial grains, the average size of the grains is 50 mu m, and the prepared aluminum alloy material for additive manufacturing has high tensile strength and elongation. Patent application CN2019105945490 discloses a method for printing aluminum silicon carbide composite wire materials by electric arc additive manufacturing, the method directly generates parts in any shape from computer graphic data, and then prints layer by wire feeding, which can realize high-efficiency and rapid forming of workpieces, and is suitable for large-size and complex-shaped components, and another advantage is that near-net forming of materials can be realized, which not only improves the utilization rate of raw materials, but also simplifies the processing process of composite materials, thereby saving the processing cost, improving the utilization efficiency of materials, and the prepared composite materials have higher specific stiffness and specific strength, and are widely used for preparing structural members in the fields of aerospace, automobiles, ships and the like. Patent application CN2019106720649 discloses an aluminum-silicon-based welding wire for electric arc additive manufacturing and a preparation method thereof, wherein the reinforcing mode of the aluminum-silicon-based welding wire is alloy compensation and alloy reinforcement, the stress-relief annealing temperature and time in the wire manufacturing process are gradually increased along with pass, the strength and hardness of the welding wire are gradually increased, the toughness can be maintained, and the welding wire with the property can realize continuous production and is matched with electric arc wire printing.

However, the above and existing aluminum alloy electric arc additive manufacturing technologies lack research on surface tension of a molten pool and forming thereof, and due to high surface roughness and rapid unbalanced solidification effect of electric arc additive manufacturing, additive forming dimensions are directly difficult to realize accurate control, aluminum alloy tends to form a columnar dendritic structure morphology, and meanwhile, due to heat aggregation inside the molten pool, solidification shrinkage generates large thermal stress, so that thermal cracks are formed. In the initial stage of the molten pool formation, surface tension mainly acts on convection and heat transfer in the molten pool, while the action of electromagnetic force is suppressed, and as the penetration increases, the action of electromagnetic force increases and causes a vortex, resulting in an increase in penetration and lower surface fusion width. The driving force in the molten pool comprises Marangoni current caused by surface tension, thermal buoyancy caused by temperature difference and electromagnetic force generated by self-magnetic effect caused by arc current divergence in the molten pool, the electromagnetic force acts to increase the penetration depth and the back face fusion width in the melting process of the laser plasma arc composite welding molten pool, but is restrained by the driving current of the upper surface tension in the initial stage of the melting process, and the action begins to appear along with the increase of the depth of the molten pool. The Marangoni convection direction caused by surface tension is directed from the periphery of the molten pool to the center of the molten pool and is not consistent with the flow direction of the shear stress generated by the arc plasma, and the arc plasma promotes the surface of the molten pool to flow from the center to the periphery due to strong shear force.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the electric arc additive manufacturing process in the prior art, the invention mainly aims to provide the high-surface-tension 2xxx series aluminum alloy welding wire for electric arc additive manufacturing, and the influence of the traditional low surface tension on the formation of a molten pool is changed by reasonably designing and regulating the chemical components of the welding wire and introducing surface active elements to form the high-surface-tension welding wire.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the above high surface tension 2xxx series aluminum alloy welding wire for arc additive manufacturing.

The invention further aims to provide application of the high-surface-tension 2xxx series aluminum alloy welding wire for electric arc additive manufacturing in electric arc additive manufacturing, wherein a printed product of the welding wire has better forming precision and mechanical property.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the invention provides a high surface tension 2xxx series aluminum alloy welding wire for electric arc additive manufacturing, which comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: 5.0 to 7.0 percent of Cu, 0.20 to 0.30 percent of Si, 0.05 to 0.10 percent of Mg, 0.20 to 0.40 percent of Mn, 0.25 to 0.35 percent of Fe0, 0.10 to 0.20 percent of Zn, 0.10 to 0.30 percent of Ti, 0.05 to 0.15 percent of Sc, 0.10 to 0.20 percent of Zr, 0.05 to 0.10 percent of Er0.01 to 0.15 percent of V, 0.05 to 0.15 percent of Y, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurity elements; wherein Al, Mg and Zn are added in the form of cast ingots, and the rest elements are added in the form of intermediate alloys for casting, and simultaneously satisfy the following conditions: the total mass percent of Sc, Er and Y is less than or equal to 0.40 percent, the total mass percent of Zr and V is less than or equal to 0.30 percent, the mass ratio of Sc to Er is more than or equal to 1.2, and the mass ratio of Zr to V is more than or equal to 2.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the high surface tension 2xxx series aluminum alloy welding wire for electric arc additive manufacturing, which comprises the following steps:

(1) casting: melting aluminum ingots, magnesium ingots and zinc ingots, sequentially adding the rest of intermediate alloys into the melt, adding a refining agent for refining and degassing, removing slag from the melt, standing the melt obtained by refining, and cooling to obtain cast ingots;

(2) homogenizing and annealing: carrying out homogenization annealing on the ingot cooled in the step (1) to obtain a casting blank;

(3) hot extrusion: carrying out extrusion deformation on the casting blank obtained in the step (2) to prepare an initial line blank;

(4) intermediate annealing: performing intermediate annealing treatment on the primary wire blank obtained in the step (3) to prepare a fine wire blank, and performing scraping treatment on the fine wire blank;

(5) drawing and peeling: and (4) carrying out multi-pass drawing on the fine wire blank obtained in the step (4), wherein the diameter reduction gradient of a matched die of each drawing is less than 0.15mm, carrying out final scraping treatment and ultrasonic cleaning after the fine wire blank is manufactured into a wire with a required specification, removing an oxide film and organic impurities on the surface of the wire, and carrying out vacuum packaging to obtain the fine wire blank.

Preferably, the step (1) further comprises a pretreatment process of polishing the surfaces of the aluminum ingot, the magnesium ingot and the zinc ingot to remove oxide skin, cleaning with acetone to remove surface oil stains and impurities, wherein the melting temperature is 800-900 ℃, the standing time is 30-60 min, and inert protective gas is used for degassing, more preferably argon gas with the purity of more than or equal to 99.999%.

Preferably, in the step (2), the temperature of the homogenization annealing is 480-490 ℃, and the time is 12-18 h.

Preferably, in the step (3), the extrusion ratio of the extrusion deformation is 50-80: 1, the extrusion speed is 1-3 mm/s, and the extrusion temperature is 420-460 ℃.

Preferably, in the step (4), after wire drawing twice, stress relief annealing is performed once, the temperature of the stress relief annealing is 320-350 ℃, the time of the stress relief annealing is 20-60 min, and the temperature and the time of the stress relief annealing are increased along with the pass.

Preferably, in the step (5), the aluminum alloy wire blank is drawn into a welding wire with the diameter of 0.8-3.2, the ultrasonic frequency is 20-40 KHZ, and the water temperature for ultrasonic cleaning is 35-45 ℃.

The invention also provides application of the high surface tension 2xxx series aluminum alloy welding wire for the electric arc additive manufacturing in electric arc additive manufacturing, including parts for aerospace, machinery and vehicles and ships, and is particularly suitable for electric arc additive manufacturing of aerospace parts.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

firstly, the molten pool formed by the high surface tension 2xxx series aluminum alloy welding wire for the electric arc additive manufacturing is a dynamic and uneven melting process, and the high surface tension can influence the surface roughness of a formed component, thereby facilitating the subsequent material processing. And higher surface tension between the molten pools reduces the step effect of the deposition layer, improves the forming precision of the deposition piece and also improves the mechanical property of the deposition piece.

The yield strength of the additive manufacturing part obtained by the high-surface-tension 2xxx aluminum alloy welding wire for electric arc additive manufacturing through electric arc additive manufacturing is higher than 490MPa, the tensile strength is higher than 380MPa, the elongation is larger than or equal to 14.1%, the grain size grade is 8, the yield strength, the tensile strength and the elongation are good, the wire feeding performance of a robot is good, compared with the existing aluminum alloy material, the wire feeding performance of the robot is smaller in grain size, and better mechanical properties are brought while light weight manufacturing is met.

Detailed Description

In order to further clarify the object and technical means of the present invention, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples below, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

The preparation method of the high surface tension 2xxx series aluminum alloy welding wire for the electric arc additive manufacturing in the following embodiments comprises the following steps:

(1) casting: melting aluminum ingots, magnesium ingots and zinc ingots, sequentially adding the rest of intermediate alloys into the melt, adding a refining agent for refining and degassing, removing slag from the melt, standing the refined melt, and cooling to obtain ingots;

(4) intermediate annealing: performing intermediate annealing treatment on the primary wire blank obtained in the step (3) to prepare a fine wire blank, and scraping the fine wire blank;

In the preparation method, the step (1) further comprises a pretreatment procedure of polishing the surfaces of the aluminum ingot, the magnesium ingot and the zinc ingot to remove oxide skins, cleaning the surfaces with acetone to remove oil stains and impurities on the surfaces, wherein the melting temperature is 800-.

In the preparation method, in the step (2), the temperature of the homogenization annealing is 480-490 ℃, preferably 485 ℃, and the annealing time is 12-18 h.

In the above preparation method, in the step (3), the extrusion ratio of the extrusion deformation is 50 to 80: 1, preferably 60: 1, an extrusion speed of 1-3 mm/s, preferably 2mm/s, and an extrusion temperature of 420-460 ℃, preferably 450 ℃.

In the preparation method, in the step (4), once stress relief annealing is performed after each wire drawing twice, the temperature of the stress relief annealing is 320-350 ℃, the preferred temperature is 340 ℃, the time of the stress relief annealing is 20-60 min, the preferred time is 30min, and the temperature and the time of the stress relief annealing are increased along with the pass.

In the preparation method, in the step (5), the aluminum alloy wire blank is drawn into a welding wire with the diameter of 0.8-3.2 specification, the ultrasonic frequency is 20-40 KHZ, preferably 30KHZ, and the water temperature for ultrasonic cleaning is 35-45 ℃, preferably 40 ℃.

Example 1

The embodiment provides a high surface tension 2xxx series aluminum alloy welding wire for electric arc additive manufacturing, which comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: 6.0% of Cu, 0.20% of Si, 0.10% of Mg0.30%, 0.25% of Fe0, 0.20% of Zn0.20%, 0.20% of Ti0.20%, 0.10% of Sc0, 0.15% of Zr0, 0.05% of Er0, 0.05% of V, 0.05% of Y, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurity elements; wherein the total mass percent of Sc, Er and Y is less than or equal to 0.40%, the total mass percent of Zr and V is less than or equal to 0.30%, the mass ratio of Sc to Er is more than or equal to 1.2, and the mass ratio of Zr to V is more than or equal to 2.

Example 2

The embodiment provides a high surface tension 2xxx series aluminum alloy welding wire for electric arc additive manufacturing, which comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: 5.5% of Cu5, 0.25% of Si0.10% of Mg0.10%, 0.30% of Mn0.25%, 0.25% of Fe0, 0.20% of Zn0.20%, 0.20% of Ti0.20%, 0.20% of Sc0, 0.20% of Zr0.10%, 0.10% of V, 0.05% of Y, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurity elements; wherein the total mass percent of Sc, Er and Y is less than or equal to 0.40%, the total mass percent of Zr and V is less than or equal to 0.30%, the mass ratio of Sc to Er is more than or equal to 1.2, and the mass ratio of Zr to V is more than or equal to 2.

Example 3

The embodiment provides a high surface tension 2xxx series aluminum alloy welding wire for electric arc additive manufacturing, which comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: 6.5% of Cu, 0.25% of Si, 0.15% of Mg0.30%, 0.25% of Fe0, 0.20% of Zn0.20%, 0.20% of Ti0.20%, 0.10% of Sc0, 0.20% of Zr0, 0.05% of Er0, 0.08% of V, 0.05% of Y and the balance of Al and inevitable impurity elements; wherein the total mass percent of Sc, Er and Y is less than or equal to 0.40%, the total mass percent of Zr and V is less than or equal to 0.30%, the mass ratio of Sc to Er is more than or equal to 1.2, and the mass ratio of Zr to V is more than or equal to 2.

Example 4

The embodiment provides a high surface tension 2xxx series aluminum alloy welding wire for electric arc additive manufacturing, which comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: 5.8% of Cu5, 0.20% of Si0, 0.10% of Mg0, 0.30% of Mn0, 0.25% of Fe0, 0.20% of Zn0.20%, 0.20% of Ti0.20%, 0.20% of Sc0, 0.10% of Zr0, 0.10% of Er0.04% of V, 0.05% of Y, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurity elements; wherein the total mass percent of Sc, Er and Y is less than or equal to 0.40%, the total mass percent of Zr and V is less than or equal to 0.30%, the mass ratio of Sc to Er is more than or equal to 1.2, and the mass ratio of Zr to V is more than or equal to 2.

Example 5

The embodiment provides a high surface tension 2xxx series aluminum alloy welding wire for electric arc additive manufacturing, which comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: 6.4% of Cu, 0.25% of Si, 0.15% of Mg0.30%, 0.25% of Fe0, 0.20% of Zn0.20%, 0.20% of Ti0.20%, 0.10% of Sc0, 0.10% of Zr0, 0.05% of Er0, 0.02% of V, 0.05% of Y, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurity elements; wherein the total mass percent of Sc, Er and Y is less than or equal to 0.40%, the total mass percent of Zr and V is less than or equal to 0.30%, the mass ratio of Sc to Er is more than or equal to 1.2, and the mass ratio of Zr to V is more than or equal to 2.

Example 6

The embodiment provides a high surface tension 2xxx series aluminum alloy welding wire for electric arc additive manufacturing, which comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: cu6.2%, Si0.20%, Mg0.10%, Mn0.25%, Fe0.20%, Zn0.20%, Ti0.20%, Sc0.20%, Zr0.10%, Er0.10%, V0.04%, Y0.05%, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurity elements; wherein the total mass percent of Sc, Er and Y is less than or equal to 0.40%, the total mass percent of Zr and V is less than or equal to 0.30%, the mass ratio of Sc to Er is more than or equal to 1.2, and the mass ratio of Zr to V is more than or equal to 2.

The high surface tension 2xxx series aluminum alloy wires for arc additive manufacturing prepared in examples 1 to 6 were compared with a conventional aluminum alloy wire in proportion 1) and a commercially available aluminum alloy wire ER2319 (comparative example 2) were subjected to performance tests by GB-T2652-2008 "tensile test method for weld and deposited metal", and GB-T6394-2017 "method for measuring average grain size of metal", and the results are shown in table 1, in which the standard grain size is divided into 12 grades, 1-4 grades are coarse grains, 5-8 grades are fine grains, and 9-12 grades are ultra-fine grains. And (3) testing the wire feeding performance of the robot: and (3) calculating the arc extinguishing times of the welding wire per minute, wherein √ is recorded 3 times or less, ≈ is recorded 3-5 times, Δ is recorded 5-7 times or more, and × (7 times or more).

TABLE 1

Examples	Yield strength (MPa)	Tensile strength (MPa)	Elongation (%)	Grain size (G)	Robot wire feeding
						Example 1	396	501	15.2	8	√
Example 2	380	496	16.1	8	√
						Example 3	382	490	16.4	8	○
Example 4	400	510	14.1	8	√
						Example 5	388	498	15.9	8	√
Example 6	390	504	14.9	8	○
						Comparative example 1	334	465	11.6	5	△
Comparative example 2	322	450	12.4	5	×

As shown in Table 1, comparative examples 1 and 2 do not contain surface active elements such as Sc, Y, Er and Zr, and the aluminum alloy welding wires are inferior to examples 1 to 6 in properties such as yield strength, tensile strength and elongation after arc additive manufacturing. Products of the high surface tension 2xxx aluminum alloy welding wire for electric arc additive manufacturing prepared in the embodiments 1-6 after electric arc additive manufacturing have good yield strength, tensile strength and elongation, wherein the tensile strength is greater than or equal to 490MPa, the yield strength is greater than or equal to 380MPa, the elongation is 14.1% -16.4%, the grain size is 8G, the robot wire feeding performance is good, compared with the existing aluminum alloy material, the crystal grain is finer, and the light weight manufacturing is met, and meanwhile, better mechanical properties are brought. Therefore, the high surface tension 2xxx series aluminum alloy welding wire for electric arc additive manufacturing changes the influence of the traditional low surface tension on the formation of a molten pool by reasonably designing and regulating the chemical components of the welding wire and introducing surface active elements to form the high surface tension welding wire, can be applied to electric arc additive manufacturing parts, is particularly suitable for electric arc additive manufacturing parts for aerospace, and has excellent comprehensive performance.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the true spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The high surface tension 2xxx series aluminum alloy welding wire for electric arc additive manufacturing is characterized in that the welding wire comprises the following element components in percentage by mass: 5.0 to 7.0 percent of Cu, 0.20 to 0.30 percent of Si, 0.05 to 0.10 percent of Mg, 0.20 to 0.40 percent of Mn, 0.25 to 0.35 percent of Fe, 0.10 to 0.20 percent of Zn, 0.10 to 0.30 percent of Ti, 0.05 to 0.15 percent of Sc, 0.10 to 0.20 percent of Zr, 0.05 to 0.10 percent of Er, 0.01 to 0.15 percent of V, 0.05 to 0.15 percent of Y, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurity elements; wherein Al, Mg and Zn are added in the form of cast ingots, and the rest elements are added in the form of intermediate alloys for casting, and simultaneously satisfy the following conditions: the total mass percent of Sc, Er and Y is less than or equal to 0.40 percent, the total mass percent of Zr and V is less than or equal to 0.30 percent, the mass ratio of Sc to Er is more than or equal to 1.2, and the mass ratio of Zr to V is more than or equal to 2.

2. The method of making a high surface tension 2xxx series aluminum alloy welding wire for arc additive manufacturing of claim 1, comprising the steps of:

(4) intermediate annealing: performing intermediate annealing treatment on the primary wire blank obtained in the step (3) to prepare a fine wire blank, and immediately performing scraping treatment on the fine wire blank;

3. The method for preparing the high surface tension 2xxx series aluminum alloy welding wire for the electric arc additive manufacturing according to claim 2, wherein the step (1) further comprises a pretreatment procedure of polishing the surfaces of the aluminum ingot, the magnesium ingot and the zinc ingot to remove oxide skin, and then cleaning the surfaces with acetone to remove oil stains and impurities on the surfaces.

4. The method for preparing the high surface tension 2xxx series aluminum alloy welding wire for the electric arc additive manufacturing as claimed in claim 2, wherein, in the step (1), the melting temperature is 800-.

5. The method for preparing the high surface tension 2xxx series aluminum alloy welding wire for the electric arc additive manufacturing as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the step (2), the temperature of the homogenization annealing is 480-490 ℃ and the time is 12-18 h.

6. The method for preparing a high surface tension 2xxx series aluminum alloy welding wire for arc additive manufacturing according to claim 2, wherein in the step (3), the extrusion ratio of the extrusion deformation is 50-80: 1, the extrusion speed is 1-3 mm/s, and the extrusion temperature is 420-460 ℃.

7. The method for preparing the high surface tension 2xxx series aluminum alloy welding wire for the arc additive manufacturing as defined in claim 2, wherein in the step (4), the stress relief annealing is performed once after each wire drawing twice, the temperature of the stress relief annealing is 320-350 ℃, and the time of the stress relief annealing is 20-60 min, and the temperature and the time of the stress relief annealing are increased with the pass.

8. The method for preparing a high surface tension 2xxx series aluminum alloy welding wire for arc additive manufacturing according to claim 2, wherein in the step (5), the aluminum alloy wire blank is drawn into a welding wire with a diameter of 0.8-3.2 specification.

9. The method for preparing a high surface tension 2xxx series aluminum alloy welding wire for arc additive manufacturing according to claim 2, wherein, in the step (5), the ultrasonic frequency is 20-40 KHZ, and the water temperature of ultrasonic cleaning is 35-45 ℃.

10. Use of the high surface tension 2xxx series aluminum alloy welding wire for arc additive manufacturing of claim 1 in arc additive manufacturing, including for arc additive manufacturing parts for aerospace, machinery and vehicles and vessels.