CN115021694B - Large-output swing driving circuit - Google Patents

Large-output swing driving circuit Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115021694B
CN115021694B CN202210504804.XA CN202210504804A CN115021694B CN 115021694 B CN115021694 B CN 115021694B CN 202210504804 A CN202210504804 A CN 202210504804A CN 115021694 B CN115021694 B CN 115021694B
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differential
common
differential pair
emitter
base
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CN115021694A (en
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潘权
陈福栈
王翠翠
冯硕
贾正哲
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Southern University of Science and Technology
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Southern University of Science and Technology
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03F—AMPLIFIERS
    • H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
    • H03F3/45—Differential amplifiers
    • H03F3/45071—Differential amplifiers with semiconductor devices only
    • H03F3/45076—Differential amplifiers with semiconductor devices only characterised by the way of implementation of the active amplifying circuit in the differential amplifier
    • H03F3/45278—Differential amplifiers with semiconductor devices only characterised by the way of implementation of the active amplifying circuit in the differential amplifier using BiFET transistors as the active amplifying circuit

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  • Power Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses a large-output swing driving circuit, wherein a swing amplifying module is used for acquiring differential input signals and obtaining a plurality of paths of differential signals according to the differential input signals, outputting one path of differential signals to a main common emitter differential pair, amplifying the swing of the rest paths of differential signals to obtain bias voltage signals, and outputting the bias voltage signals to a common base differential module so as to drive bases of a plurality of paths of main common base differential pairs; the main common emitter differential pair is used for enabling the common base differential module to output a differential driving signal according to the differential signal; the tail current source module is used for providing constant tail current for the main common emitter differential pair; the common base differential module comprises n main common base differential pairs which are mutually stacked and connected, and the common base differential module is used for amplifying the swing amplitude of the differential driving signal according to the differential signal after swing amplitude amplification, so that the output swing amplitude of the driving circuit is increased.

Description

Large-output swing driving circuit
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of integrated circuits, in particular to a large-output swing driving circuit.
Background
A large output swing driving circuit is often required in a high-speed communication network to increase the variation amplitude of an electric signal, so that a post-stage module is convenient for signal processing. Taking an optical fiber network as an example, an optical signal modulator is one of core components of the optical fiber network, so as to convert an electrical signal into an optical signal, and the optical signal modulator most commonly used nowadays includes a Mach-zehnder modulator (MZM, mach-Zehnder Modulator), an Electro-absorption modulator (EML, electro-absorption Modulator), a direct drive laser (DML, directly Modulated Laser), and the like, which all need a large output swing driving circuit to drive, so as to obtain an optical signal with a high extinction ratio, thereby improving the communication quality of the optical fiber network. The SiGe BiCMOS process is widely used for designing and manufacturing high-speed communication integrated circuits due to its characteristics of high speed, low noise, low power consumption, etc., and a heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT, heterojunction Bipolar Transistor) is one of the core active devices of the SiGe BiCMOS process. However, with the progress of the process and the decrease of the feature size of the device, the distance between the emitter and the collector of the HBT is continuously reduced, so that the breakdown voltage which can be tolerated by the HBT is continuously reduced, and the application of the SiGe BiCMOS process in the field of large-output swing driving circuits is limited.
The existing solution is to use a CASCODE structure to raise the output swing of the driving circuit, and the CASCODE structure stacks a CASCODE HBT and a CASCODE HBT to raise the withstand voltage of the driving circuit, so that the maximum single-ended output swing can be about 2V, and the value is continuously reduced along with the progress of the process node. However, the MZM with the most superior performance at present needs a single-ended driving voltage of at least 3V, so it is still difficult to realize a driving circuit with a sufficiently large output swing with the CASCODE structure.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: a large output swing driving circuit is provided to solve the problem of insufficient swing of driving signals output by the driving circuit.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A large output swing drive circuit comprising: the device comprises a tail current source module, a swing amplitude amplifying module, a main common emitter differential pair and a common base differential module, wherein the common base differential module comprises n main common base differential pairs which are mutually stacked and connected, and n is more than or equal to 1;
The swing amplifying module is respectively and electrically connected with the base electrode of the main common emitter differential pair and the common base electrode differential module, and is used for acquiring differential input signals, acquiring a plurality of paths of differential signals according to the differential input signals, outputting one path of differential signals to the main common emitter differential pair, amplifying the swing of the rest paths of differential signals to obtain bias voltage signals, and outputting the bias voltage signals to the common base electrode differential module so as to drive the base electrodes of the main common base electrode differential pair;
The emitter of the main common emitter differential pair is electrically connected with the input end of the tail current source module, the collector of the main common emitter differential pair is electrically connected with the emitter of the common base differential module, and the main common emitter differential pair is used for enabling the common base differential module to output a differential driving signal according to the differential signal;
The output end of the common base differential module is connected with an input power supply through a load, and the common base differential module is used for amplifying the swing amplitude of the differential driving signal according to the bias voltage signal;
The output end of the tail current source module is grounded, and the tail current source module is used for providing constant tail current for the main common emitter differential pair.
Further, the level conversion unit is electrically connected with the base electrode of the main common emitter differential pair and the dynamic biasing unit respectively, and is used for obtaining differential input signals, converting the differential input signals into a plurality of paths of differential signals with the same amplitude but different common mode levels, and outputting the differential signals to the main common emitter differential pair and the dynamic biasing unit respectively;
The dynamic bias unit is electrically connected with the common base differential module, and is used for amplifying the swing amplitude of the received differential signal to obtain a bias voltage signal and outputting the bias voltage signal to the common base differential module so as to drive a plurality of base electrodes of the main common base differential pair.
Further, the dynamic bias unit comprises n dynamic bias subunits, wherein n is more than or equal to 1; the dynamic bias subunit is connected with the bases of the main common base differential pair in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and is used for amplifying the swing amplitude of the differential signal and outputting corresponding bias voltage signals to the common base differential module so as to drive a plurality of the bases of the main common base differential pair.
Further, when n is equal to 2, the dynamic bias unit comprises a first dynamic bias subunit and a second dynamic bias subunit, and the common base differential module comprises a first main common base differential pair and a second main common base differential pair which are connected in a stacked manner;
The emitter of the first main common base differential pair is connected with the collector of the main common emitter differential pair, the collector of the first main common base differential pair is connected with the emitter of the second main common base differential pair, and the collector of the second main common base differential pair is connected with an input power supply through a load;
The first dynamic bias subunit is respectively connected with the level conversion unit and the base electrode of the first main common base differential pair, and the second dynamic bias subunit is respectively connected with the level conversion unit and the base electrode of the second main common base differential pair.
Further, the first dynamic bias subunit includes: a first sub-common emitter differential pair, a first resistor, a second resistor and a third resistor;
One collector of the first common emitter differential pair is connected with one end of the first resistor, the other collector of the first common emitter differential pair is connected with one end of the second resistor, the other end of the first resistor and the other end of the second resistor are both used for being connected with an input power supply, the base of the first common emitter differential pair is connected with the level conversion unit, the emitter of the first common emitter differential pair is connected with the input end of the tail current source module, and two ends of the third resistor are respectively connected with two emitters of the first common emitter differential pair.
Further, the second dynamic bias subunit includes a second common emitter differential pair, a third common emitter differential pair, a first common base differential pair, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor, and a ninth resistor;
One collector electrode of the second common emitter differential pair is connected with one end of the fourth resistor, the other collector electrode of the second common emitter differential pair is connected with one end of the fifth resistor, the other end of the fourth resistor and the other end of the fifth resistor are both used for being connected with an input power supply, the base electrode of the second common emitter differential pair is connected with the level conversion unit, the emitter electrode of the second common emitter differential pair is connected with the input end of the tail current source module, and two ends of the sixth resistor are respectively connected with two emitters of the second common emitter differential pair;
One collector electrode of the first common base differential pair is connected with one end of the seventh resistor, the other collector electrode of the first common base differential pair is connected with one end of the eighth resistor, the other end of the seventh resistor and the other end of the eighth resistor are both connected with an input power supply, and the base electrode of the first common base differential pair is connected with the collector electrode of the second common emitter differential pair;
The base electrode of the third common emitter differential pair is connected with the level conversion unit, the collector electrode of the third common emitter differential pair is connected with the emitter electrode of the first common base differential pair, the emitter electrode of the third common emitter differential pair is connected with the input end of the tail current source module, and two ends of the ninth resistor are respectively connected with the two emitter electrodes of the third common emitter differential pair.
Further, the level conversion unit includes: a first switched common-collector differential pair and a second switched common-collector differential pair;
The base electrode of the first conversion common collector differential pair is used for obtaining differential input signals, the base electrode of the first conversion common collector differential pair is connected with the base electrode of the second common emitter differential pair, the collector electrode of the first conversion common collector differential pair is connected with an input power supply, and the emitter electrode of the first conversion common collector differential pair is respectively connected with the input end of the tail current source module, the base electrode of the second conversion common collector differential pair, the base electrode of the third common emitter differential pair and the base electrode of the first common emitter differential pair;
and the emitter of the second conversion common collector differential pair is connected with the base electrode of the main common emitter differential pair, and the collector electrode of the second conversion common collector differential pair is connected with an input power supply.
Further, the large output swing driving circuit further includes:
And the delay adjusting module is electrically connected with the dynamic biasing unit and is used for adjusting the delay of each path from the input end of the differential input signal to the output end of the differential drive signal in the drive circuit.
Further, the delay adjustment module comprises a plurality of variable capacitors, and the first resistor, the second resistor, the fourth resistor, the fifth resistor, the seventh resistor and the eighth resistor are connected in parallel with the variable capacitors in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
Further, the tail current source module includes a plurality of tail current sources, and the emitter of the main common emitter differential pair, the emitter of the first common emitter differential pair, the emitter of the second common emitter differential pair, the emitter of the third common emitter differential pair, the emitter of the first conversion common collector differential pair, and the emitter of the second conversion common collector differential pair are respectively connected with the tail current sources in a one-to-one correspondence, and are grounded through the tail current sources.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the common emitter differential pair and the plurality of common base differential pairs are overlapped, the differential input signals are converted into multipath differential signals through the swing amplifying module, and bias voltage signals with amplified swing are provided for the bases of all the common base differential pairs, so that the swing of differential driving signals output by the driving circuit is increased, and the driving signal swing requirement of the optical signal modulator is met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art CASCODE structured drive circuit;
FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a large output swing drive circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a large output swing driving circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a large output swing driving circuit according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a first dynamic bias subunit according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a second dynamic bias subunit according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a large output swing driving circuit according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is another schematic diagram of a large output swing driving circuit according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals:
100. A tail current source module; 110. a tail current source; 200. a level conversion unit; 300. a dynamic biasing unit; 320. a first dynamic bias subunit; 330. a second dynamic bias subunit; 400. a common base level differential module; 500. a load; 600. a primary common emitter differential pair; 700. and a swing amplifying module.
Detailed Description
In order to describe the technical contents, the achieved objects and effects of the present invention in detail, the following description will be made with reference to the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
In the prior art, a cascades structure is adopted to boost the output swing of the driving circuit, and the cascades structure is used to boost the withstand voltage of the driving circuit by stacking a CASCODE HBT and a CASCODE HBT, please refer to fig. 1, and the driving circuit based on the cascades structure mainly comprises common emitter differential pairs QX 1 and QY 1, common base differential pairs QK 1 and QT 1, and a tail current source, wherein the potential difference at two ends of the tail current source needs to be greater than or equal to V CS to ensure the relative stability of the output current. To simplify the analysis, it is assumed that V CEO is the same for all transistors, where BV CE is the HBT collector-emitter breakdown voltage and V CEO is the minimum collector-emitter potential difference that ensures that the HBT operates in the linear amplification region. Since the collector-emitter current I C of the HBT is exponentially related to the base-emitter potential difference V BE, the variation Δv BE2 of the collector-emitter potential difference V BE2 of QK 1 and QT 1 is small, and since the base bias voltages V B2 of QK 1 and QT 1 are fixed, the emitter voltages V E2 of QK 1 and QT 1 will remain relatively stable when the circuit is in operation. To ensure that QX 1 and QY 1 operate in the linear amplification region, V E2＝VCEO+VCS. In order to ensure that QK 1 and QT 1 operate in the linear amplification region and do not break down, the collector-emitter potential difference V CE2 of the common-base differential pair QK 1 and QT 1 needs to be greater than or equal to V CEO and less than or equal to BV CE. Therefore, the collector voltages V C2 of QK 1 and QT 1 are greater than or equal to 2V CEO+VCS and less than or equal to V CEO+BVCE+VCS, i.e., the maximum single-ended output voltage swing of the driving circuit shown in fig. 1 is BV CE-VCEO only.
The device characteristics of SiGe BiCMOS in different semiconductor process plants are different, so specific values of BV CE and V CEO are also different, and for the 130nm node most commonly used at present, BV CE is typically between 1.5V and 2.5V, and V CEO is typically between 0.5V and 1V, which means that the single-ended output swing achievable with the casode structure is about 2V at maximum, and this value will continue to decrease as the process node advances. The mach-zehnder modulator with the most excellent performance at present needs a single-ended driving voltage of at least 3V, so that a driving circuit with a large enough output swing is still difficult to realize by using a casmode structure.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, a first embodiment of the invention is as follows:
a large output swing driving circuit is applied to drive an optical signal modulator by outputting a differential driving signal.
The large output swing driving circuit includes: the tail current source module 100, the swing amplifying module 700, the main common emitter differential pair 600 (comprising QX 1 and QY 1) and the common base differential module 400, wherein the common base differential module comprises n main common base differential pairs QK 1～QKn、QT1～QTn which are mutually stacked and connected, and n is more than or equal to 1.
The swing amplifying module 700 is electrically connected to the bases of the main common emitter differential pairs QX 1 and QY 1 and the common base differential module 400, respectively, and the swing amplifying module 700 is configured to obtain a differential input signal and obtain a plurality of differential signals according to the differential input signal, and further configured to output one of the differential signals to the main common emitter differential pairs QX 1 and QY 1, amplify the swing of the remaining plurality of differential signals to obtain bias voltage signals, and output the bias voltage signals to the common base differential module 400 to drive the bases of the main common base differential pairs.
The emitters of the main common emitter differential pairs QX 1 and QY 1 are electrically connected to the input terminal of the tail current source module 100, the collectors of the main common emitter differential pairs QX 1 and QY 1 are electrically connected to the emitters of the common base differential module 400, and the main common emitter differential pairs QX 1 and QY 1 are configured to enable the common base differential module 400 to output a differential driving signal according to the differential signal. The output end of the common base differential module 400 is connected to an input power supply through a load 500, and the common base differential module 400 is used for amplifying the swing amplitude of the differential driving signal according to the differential signal amplified by the swing amplitude. The output terminal of the tail current source module 100 is grounded, and the tail current source module 100 is configured to provide a constant tail current to the main common emitter differential pair QX 1 and QY 1. Wherein the load 500 is a resistive component.
In this embodiment, the working principle of the large output swing driving circuit is as follows: the swing amplifying module 700 obtains differential input signals and obtains a plurality of differential signals according to the differential input signals, and outputs one differential signal to the main common emitter differential pair QX 1 and QY 1 so as to drive the main common emitter differential pair QX 1 and QY 1 to enable the common base differential module 400 to output differential driving signals according to the received differential signals. The swing amplifying module 700 amplifies the swing of the rest differential signals and outputs corresponding bias voltage signals to the main common base differential pairs. The main common base differential module 400 amplifies the swing of the differential drive signal according to the bias voltage signal.
It can be understood that in this embodiment, the common emitter differential pair and the plurality of common base differential pairs are overlapped, and the swing amplifying module converts the differential input signal into multiple paths of differential signals, and provides bias voltage signals with amplified swings for the bases of all the common base differential pairs, so that the swing of the differential driving signal output by the driving circuit is increased, thereby meeting the driving signal swing requirement of the optical signal modulator.
In this embodiment, the swing amplifying module 700 includes a level converting unit 200 and a dynamic biasing unit 300. The level conversion unit 200 is electrically connected to the bases of the main common emitter differential pairs QX 1 and QY 1 and the dynamic bias unit 300, respectively, and the level conversion unit 200 is configured to obtain a differential input signal, convert the differential input signal into a plurality of differential signals with the same amplitude but different common mode levels, and output the differential signals to the main common emitter differential pairs QX 1 and QY 1 and the dynamic bias unit 300, respectively. The dynamic bias unit 300 is electrically connected to the common base differential module 400, and the dynamic bias unit 300 is configured to amplify the swing of the received differential signal to obtain a bias voltage signal, and output the bias voltage signal to the common base differential module 400, so as to drive the bases of the plurality of main common base differential pairs.
It can be understood that the level conversion unit 200 converts the differential input signal into multiple differential signals with the same amplitude but different common mode levels, and outputs the differential signals to the main common emitter differential pairs QX 1 and QY 1, and the dynamic bias unit 300, respectively; the main common emitter differential pairs QX 1 and QY 1 cause the common base differential module 400 to output a differential driving signal according to the received differential signal; the dynamic bias unit 300 amplifies the swing amplitude of the received differential signal and outputs corresponding bias voltage signals to the bases of a plurality of main common base differential pairs respectively; the common base differential module 400 amplifies the swing of the differential drive signal according to the bias voltage signal.
In the embodiment, the common emitter differential pair and the plurality of common base differential pairs are overlapped, the level conversion unit 200 is used for converting the differential input signals into multiple paths of differential signals, and the dynamic bias unit is used for providing bias voltage signals with amplified oscillation amplitude for the bases of all the common base differential pairs, so that the oscillation amplitude of differential driving signals output by the driving circuit is increased, and the driving signal oscillation amplitude requirement of the optical signal modulator is met.
In this embodiment, the dynamic bias unit 300 includes n dynamic bias subunits A 1～An, where n is greater than or equal to 1; the dynamic bias subunit is connected with the bases of the main common base differential pair in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and is used for amplifying the swing amplitude of the differential signal and outputting a corresponding bias voltage signal to the common base differential module 400 so as to drive a plurality of the bases of the main common base differential pair.
Specifically, the dynamic bias subunit a n amplifies the swing of the input signal to n x (BV CE-VCEO) and drives the bases of the main common base differential pair QK n and QT n. To ensure that QK 1～QKn and QT 1～QTn always operate in the linear amplification region and are not broken down, the output voltages of a n, i.e., the base voltages V Bn of QK n and QN n, should be equal to or greater than n×v CEO+VBE+VCS and equal to or less than n×bv CE+VBE+VCS. Because the emitter voltages of the transistors QK n and QT n vary with the base voltage and Δv BEn is small, the swing of the emitter voltages V En of QK n and QT n is about n x (BV CE-VCEO). Therefore, the collector voltages of QK n and QT n, i.e. the output voltage of the driving circuit, should be equal to or greater than (n+1) V CEO+VCS and equal to or less than (n+1) BV CE+VCS, so that the swing of the large output swing driving circuit in this embodiment is (n+1) BV CE-VCEO, which is an n+1 multiplication of the swing compared with the existing cascades structure. The maximum value of n is limited by the substrate breakdown voltage of the HBT, but this value is typically much greater than the collector-emitter breakdown voltage BV CE of the HBT.
Further, the signal input end and the signal output end of the dynamic bias subunit have opposite polarities. It will be appreciated that to ensure that the base voltage signal and the collector voltage signal of all the transistors of the primary common-base differential pair are in phase, the dynamic bias subunit a 1～An is connected in opposite phase, for example, see fig. 3, where the signal polarities at points a and B are opposite. In addition, the dynamic bias subunit a n can be actually regarded as a breakdown voltage n-fold circuit, so that n pairs of differential signals with different common mode levels need to be input to ensure that all HBTs are not broken down.
Example two
Referring to fig. 2 and fig. 4 to fig. 8, the present embodiment discloses a large output swing driving circuit with n being 2, the large output swing driving circuit includes: the tail current source module 100, the level conversion unit 200, the dynamic bias unit 300, the main common emitter differential pairs QX 1 and QY 1, and the common base differential module 400, the common base differential module 400 including 2 main common base differential pairs stacked and connected to each other. The level conversion unit 200 is electrically connected to the bases of the main common emitter differential pairs QX 1 and QY 1 and the dynamic bias unit 300, respectively, and the level conversion unit 200 is configured to obtain a differential input signal, convert the differential input signal into a plurality of differential signals with the same amplitude but different common mode levels, and output the differential signals to the main common emitter differential pairs QX 1 and QY 1 and the dynamic bias unit 300, respectively. The emitters of the main common emitter differential pairs QX 1 and QY 1 are electrically connected to the input terminal of the tail current source module 100, the collectors of the main common emitter differential pairs QX 1 and QY 1 are electrically connected to the emitters of the common base differential module 400, and the main common emitter differential pairs QX 1 and QY 1 are configured to enable the common base differential module 400 to output a differential driving signal according to the differential signal. The dynamic bias unit 300 is electrically connected to the common base differential module 400, and the dynamic bias unit 300 is configured to amplify the swing of the received differential signal to obtain a bias voltage signal, and output the bias voltage signal to the common base differential module 400, so as to drive the bases of the plurality of main common base differential pairs. The output end of the common base differential module 400 is connected to an input power supply through a load 500, and the common base differential module 400 is used for amplifying the swing amplitude of the differential driving signal according to the differential signal amplified by the swing amplitude. The output terminal of the tail current source module 100 is grounded, and the tail current source module 100 is configured to provide a constant tail current to the main common emitter differential pair QX 1 and QY 1.
In this embodiment, the dynamic bias unit 300 includes a first dynamic bias subunit 320 and a second dynamic bias subunit 330, and the common-base differential module 400 includes a first main common-base differential pair QK 1 and QT 1, and a second main common-base differential pair QK 2 and QT 2, which are stacked and connected; the emitters of the first main common base differential pair QK 1 and QT 1 are connected with the collectors of the main common emitter differential pair QX 1 and QY 1, the collectors of the first main common base differential pair QK 1 and QT 1 are connected with the emitters of the second main common base differential pair QK 2 and QT 2, and the collectors of the second main common base differential pair QK 2 and QT 2 are connected with an input power supply through a load 500; the first dynamic bias subunit 320 is connected to the level shifter 200 and the bases of the first main common-base differential pair QK 1 and QT 1, respectively, and the second dynamic bias subunit 330 is connected to the level shifter 200 and the bases of the second main common-base differential pair QK 2 and QT 2, respectively.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, further, the first dynamic bias subunit 320 includes: first common emitter differential pair QP 6 and QN 6, first resistor R1, second resistor R2, and third resistor R3; one collector of the first common emitter differential pair QP 6 and QN 6 is connected to one end of the first resistor R1, the other collector of the first common emitter differential pair QP6 and QN 6 is connected to one end of the second resistor R2, the other end of the first resistor R1 and the other end of the second resistor R2 are both used for connecting an input power supply, bases of the first common emitter differential pair QP 6 and QN 6 are connected to the level conversion unit 200, emitters of the first common emitter differential pair QP 6 and QN 6 are connected to an input end of the tail current source module 100, and two ends of the third resistor R3 are respectively connected to two emitters of the first common emitter differential pair QP 6 and QN 6. The output swing of the first dynamic bias subunit 320 should be BV CE-VCEO, so this unit is based on the CASCODE architecture design.
Referring to fig. 4 and 6, the second dynamic bias subunit 330 includes a second common-emitter differential pair QP 3 and QN 3, a third common-emitter differential pair QP 4 and QN 4, a first common-base differential pair QP 5 and QN 5, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7, an eighth resistor R8, and a ninth resistor R9. One collector of the second common emitter differential pair QP 3 and QN 3 is connected to one end of the fourth resistor R4, the other collector of the second common emitter differential pair QP 3 and QN 3 is connected to one end of the fifth resistor R5, the other end of the fourth resistor R4 and the other end of the fifth resistor R5 are both used for connecting an input power supply, bases of the second common emitter differential pair QP 3 and QN 3 are connected to the level conversion unit 200, emitters of the second common emitter differential pair QP 3 and QN 3 are connected to an input end of the tail current source module 100, and two ends of the sixth resistor R6 are respectively connected to two emitters of the second common emitter differential pair QP 3 and QN 3.
One collector of the first common base differential pair QP 5 and QN 5 is connected to one end of the seventh resistor R7, the other collector of the first common base differential pair QP 5 and QN 5 is connected to one end of the eighth resistor R8, the other end of the seventh resistor R7 and the other end of the eighth resistor R8 are both connected to an input power supply, and the bases of the first common base differential pair QP 5 and QN 5 are connected to the collectors of the second common base differential pair QP 3 and QN 3. The bases of the third common emitter differential pair QP 4 and QN 4 are connected to the level conversion unit 200, the collectors of the third common emitter differential pair QP 4 and QN 4 are connected to the emitters of the first common base differential pair QP 5 and QN 5, the emitters of the third common emitter differential pair QP 4 and QN 4 are connected to the input end of the tail current source module 100, and the two ends of the ninth resistor R9 are respectively connected to the two emitters of the third common emitter differential pair QP 4 and QN 4. Since the output swing of the second dynamic bias subunit 330 should be 2x (BV CE-VCEO), the unit is designed based on a breakdown voltage two-fold structure, in the second dynamic bias subunit 330, the second common-emitter differential pair QP 3 and QN 3 provides bias voltages for the bases of the first common-base differential pair QP 5 and QN 5 to ensure that they are not broken down.
Because the common mode level of the base input signals of QP 3 and QN 3 in the second dynamic bias subunit 330 is approximately one time V BE higher than the base input signals of QP 4 and QN 4, the second dynamic bias subunit 330 requires two pairs of differential signals with the same swing but different common mode levels.
Referring to fig. 4, the voltage signal ranges of the main nodes of the driving circuit are shown at the same time, and under the condition that all the transistors are not broken down, the output voltages of the first main common-base differential pair QK 1 and QT 1 are equal to or greater than 3*V CEO+VCS and equal to or less than 3×bv CE+VCS, so that the swing of the differential driving signal of the output of the driving circuit can reach 3× (BV CE-VCEO).
Referring to fig. 7, the level shift unit 200 includes: a first converted common collector differential pair QP 1、QN1 and a second converted common collector differential pair QP 2、QN2; the bases of the first conversion common collector differential pair are used for obtaining differential input signals, the bases of the first conversion common collector differential pair are connected with the bases of the second common emitter differential pair QP 3 and QN 3, the collectors of the first conversion common collector differential pair are connected with an input power supply, and the emitters of the first conversion common collector differential pair are respectively connected with the input end of the tail current source module 100, the bases of the second conversion common collector differential pair, the bases of the third common emitter differential pair QP 4 and QN 4 and the bases of the first common emitter differential pair QP 6 and QN 6. The emitters of the second switched common-collector differential pair are connected to the bases of the main common-emitter differential pairs QX 1 and QY 1, and the collectors of the second switched common-collector differential pair are connected to an input power supply.
Fig. 7 shows a schematic circuit diagram corresponding to the design block diagram shown in fig. 4, mainly comprising a level shift unit 200 composed of a transistor QP 1、QP2、QN1、QN2, a second dynamic bias subunit 330 composed of a transistor QP 3～QP5、QN3～QN5 and resistors R4 to R11, a first dynamic bias subunit 320 composed of a transistor QP 6、QN6 and resistors R1 to R3, and a main amplification path composed of a transistor QX 1、QY1、QK1～QK2、QT1～QT2 and a load 500. To simplify the analysis, the following discussion takes the left half of the circuit as an example: the level conversion unit 200 converts the received differential input signal into three signals having the same swing but different common mode levels, and supplies the signals to the first dynamic bias subunit 320, the second dynamic bias subunit 330, and the main amplification path. Thus, there are three signal paths in the circuit from the input port INP to the output port OUTN, as shown by the dashed lines in fig. 6: path 1 is the main amplification path which in turn passes through transistor QP 1、QP2、QX1、QK1、QK2, path 2 passes through transistor QP 1、QP6、QK1、QK2, and path 3 passes through QP 3、QP5、QK2. Because the three paths include different numbers of transistors and different topological structures, the delay of the three paths will have different phases when the input signal propagates to the output port through the three paths, so that serious signal distortion is generated when the output ports are overlapped.
Referring to fig. 8, in order to solve the signal distortion problem, the large output swing driving circuit further includes: and the delay adjusting module is electrically connected with the dynamic biasing unit 300 and is used for adjusting the delay of each path from the input end of the differential input signal to the output end of the differential driving signal in the driving circuit. Further, the delay adjustment module includes a plurality of variable capacitors, and the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the fourth resistor R4, the fifth resistor R5, the seventh resistor R7, and the eighth resistor R8 are uniformly and correspondingly connected in parallel with the variable capacitors.
Taking the left half circuit as an example for analysis: of the three paths, path 3 has the shortest delay, followed by path 2 and path 1 has the longest delay. Accordingly, the circuit shown in fig. 8 inserts variable capacitor CP 1 in path 2, and inserts variable capacitors CP 2 and CP 3 in path 3. Since the variable capacitor increases the time constant of the amplified path output node, the corresponding path delay will also increase, and the path delay can be adjusted by adjusting the capacitance value of the variable capacitor. By the method, the path delays of the path 2 and the path 3 can be prolonged to be consistent with the path 1, so that the signal distortion problem of the output port is solved. Since the delay of the path 1 is longest, the bandwidth of the driving circuit is mainly determined by the path 1, and the influence of the variable capacitor CP 1～CP3 on the bandwidth of the driving circuit is negligible. The technical scheme can be applied to the multi-multiplication large-output swing driving circuit in the first embodiment, and only the variable capacitor is needed to be inserted into other amplifying paths except the main amplifying path.
In this embodiment, the tail current source module 100 includes a plurality of tail current sources 110, the emitters of the main common emitter differential pair QX 1 and QY 1, the emitters of the first common emitter differential pair QP 6 and QN 6, the emitters of the second common emitter differential pair QP 3 and QN 3, the emitters of the third common emitter differential pair QP 4 and QN 4, the emitters of the first converted common collector differential pair QP 1 and QN 1, and the emitters of the second converted common collector differential pair QP 2 and QN 2 are respectively connected to the tail current sources 110 in a one-to-one correspondence, and are grounded through the tail current sources 110.
In summary, in the large-output swing driving circuit provided by the invention, the swing amplitude of the differential driving signal is improved by superposing the common emitter differential pair and the plurality of common base differential pairs, and the swing amplitude amplifying module, specifically, the differential input signal is converted into a plurality of paths of differential signals by the level conversion unit, and the dynamic bias subunit is utilized to provide the swing amplitude amplified bias voltage signals for the bases of all the common base differential pairs, so that the swing amplitude of the differential driving signal output by the driving circuit is increased, and the driving signal swing amplitude requirement of the optical signal modulator is met.
In addition, by arranging the variable capacitor in the amplifying paths except the main amplifying path, the delay of part of paths is compensated, and the problem of signal distortion caused by inconsistent delay is solved.
The foregoing description is only illustrative of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent changes made by the specification and drawings of the present invention, or direct or indirect application in the relevant technical field, are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A large output swing drive circuit, comprising: the device comprises a tail current source module, a swing amplitude amplifying module, a main common emitter differential pair and a common base differential module, wherein the common base differential module comprises n main common base differential pairs which are mutually stacked and connected, and n is more than or equal to 1;
The swing amplifying module is respectively and electrically connected with the base electrode of the main common emitter differential pair and the common base electrode differential module, and is used for acquiring differential input signals, acquiring a plurality of paths of differential signals according to the differential input signals, outputting one path of differential signals to the main common emitter differential pair, amplifying the swing of the rest paths of differential signals to obtain bias voltage signals, and outputting the bias voltage signals to the common base electrode differential module so as to drive the base electrodes of the main common base electrode differential pair;
The emitter of the main common emitter differential pair is electrically connected with the input end of the tail current source module, the collector of the main common emitter differential pair is electrically connected with the emitter of the common base differential module, and the main common emitter differential pair is used for enabling the common base differential module to output a differential driving signal according to the differential signal;
The output end of the common base differential module is connected with an input power supply through a load, and the common base differential module is used for amplifying the swing amplitude of the differential driving signal according to the bias voltage signal;
The output end of the tail current source module is grounded, and the tail current source module is used for providing constant tail current for the main common emitter differential pair.
2. The large output swing drive circuit according to claim 1, wherein said swing amplifying module comprises: a level conversion unit and a dynamic bias unit;
The level conversion unit is respectively and electrically connected with the base electrode of the main common emitter differential pair and the dynamic biasing unit, and is used for acquiring differential input signals, converting the differential input signals into a plurality of paths of differential signals with the same amplitude but different common mode levels, and respectively outputting the differential signals to the main common emitter differential pair and the dynamic biasing unit;
The dynamic bias unit is electrically connected with the common base differential module, and is used for amplifying the swing amplitude of the received differential signal to obtain a bias voltage signal and outputting the bias voltage signal to the common base differential module so as to drive a plurality of base electrodes of the main common base differential pair.
3. The large output swing drive circuit according to claim 2, wherein said dynamic bias unit comprises n dynamic bias subunits, wherein n is ≡1; the dynamic bias subunit is connected with the bases of the main common base differential pair in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and is used for amplifying the swing amplitude of the differential signal and outputting corresponding bias voltage signals to the common base differential module so as to drive a plurality of the bases of the main common base differential pair.
4. The large output swing drive circuit according to claim 2, wherein when n is equal to 2, the dynamic bias unit comprises a first dynamic bias subunit and a second dynamic bias subunit, the common base differential module comprises a first main common base differential pair and a second main common base differential pair connected in a stack;
The emitter of the first main common base differential pair is connected with the collector of the main common emitter differential pair, the collector of the first main common base differential pair is connected with the emitter of the second main common base differential pair, and the collector of the second main common base differential pair is connected with an input power supply through a load;
The first dynamic bias subunit is respectively connected with the level conversion unit and the base electrode of the first main common base differential pair, and the second dynamic bias subunit is respectively connected with the level conversion unit and the base electrode of the second main common base differential pair.
5. The large output swing drive circuit according to claim 4, wherein said first dynamic bias subunit comprises: a first sub-common emitter differential pair, a first resistor, a second resistor and a third resistor;
One collector of the first common emitter differential pair is connected with one end of the first resistor, the other collector of the first common emitter differential pair is connected with one end of the second resistor, the other end of the first resistor and the other end of the second resistor are both used for being connected with an input power supply, the base of the first common emitter differential pair is connected with the level conversion unit, the emitter of the first common emitter differential pair is connected with the input end of the tail current source module, and two ends of the third resistor are respectively connected with two emitters of the first common emitter differential pair.
6. The large output swing drive circuit according to claim 5, wherein said second dynamic bias subunit comprises a second common-emitter differential pair, a third common-emitter differential pair, a first common-base differential pair, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor, and a ninth resistor;
One collector electrode of the second common emitter differential pair is connected with one end of the fourth resistor, the other collector electrode of the second common emitter differential pair is connected with one end of the fifth resistor, the other end of the fourth resistor and the other end of the fifth resistor are both used for being connected with an input power supply, the base electrode of the second common emitter differential pair is connected with the level conversion unit, the emitter electrode of the second common emitter differential pair is connected with the input end of the tail current source module, and two ends of the sixth resistor are respectively connected with two emitters of the second common emitter differential pair;
One collector electrode of the first common base differential pair is connected with one end of the seventh resistor, the other collector electrode of the first common base differential pair is connected with one end of the eighth resistor, the other end of the seventh resistor and the other end of the eighth resistor are both connected with an input power supply, and the base electrode of the first common base differential pair is connected with the collector electrode of the second common emitter differential pair;
The base electrode of the third common emitter differential pair is connected with the level conversion unit, the collector electrode of the third common emitter differential pair is connected with the emitter electrode of the first common base differential pair, the emitter electrode of the third common emitter differential pair is connected with the input end of the tail current source module, and two ends of the ninth resistor are respectively connected with the two emitter electrodes of the third common emitter differential pair.
7. The large output swing driving circuit according to claim 6, wherein said level shifting unit comprises: a first switched common-collector differential pair and a second switched common-collector differential pair;
The base electrode of the first conversion common collector differential pair is used for obtaining differential input signals, the base electrode of the first conversion common collector differential pair is connected with the base electrode of the second common emitter differential pair, the collector electrode of the first conversion common collector differential pair is connected with an input power supply, and the emitter electrode of the first conversion common base differential pair is respectively connected with the input end of the tail current source module, the base electrode of the second conversion common collector differential pair, the base electrode of the third common emitter differential pair and the base electrode of the first common emitter differential pair;
and the emitter of the second conversion common-collector differential pair is connected with the base electrode of the main common-emitter differential pair, and the collector electrode of the second conversion common-base differential pair is connected with an input power supply.
8. The large output swing drive circuit according to claim 7, further comprising:
And the delay adjusting module is electrically connected with the dynamic biasing unit and is used for adjusting the delay of each path from the input end of the differential input signal to the output end of the differential drive signal in the drive circuit.
9. The large output swing driving circuit according to claim 8, wherein said delay adjustment module comprises a plurality of variable capacitors, said first, second, fourth, fifth, seventh and eighth resistors being all in one-to-one correspondence with said variable capacitors in parallel.
10. The large output swing driving circuit according to claim 7, wherein said tail current source module comprises a plurality of tail current sources, said emitters of said primary common-emitter differential pair, said first common-emitter differential pair, said second common-emitter differential pair, said third common-emitter differential pair, said first converted common-collector differential pair, and said second converted common-collector differential pair are respectively connected to one-to-one said tail current sources and are grounded through said tail current sources.
CN202210504804.XA 2022-05-10 2022-05-10 Large-output swing driving circuit Active CN115021694B (en)

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